2017届高考英语一轮基础知识复习：Unit 2 Cloning（新人教版选修8）

　　Unit 2 Clonin

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　(2015·北京市朝阳区第一次综合练习)

　　Culture and Cuisine

　　The United States is known for jazz and blue jeans. But travel to Paris and ask your average French citizen about American cuisine(烹饪)and he's likely to answer，“McDonalds.”Ask the same thing of any American citizen on any American street and I'm afraid you'd get the same answer, or something close to it.

　　Hamburgers and hotdogs and fries are all fine, but with American malls and other outlets standardizing everything from clothing to food, the sad truth is that American cuisine is becoming more homogeneous—all the same—no matter where you live. True, many Americans are eating more varied foods these days, but these are largely the cuisines of immigrant groups, and they are quite likely to be affected by homogenization of American cuisine.

　　So what exactly is American cuisine? Well, to some extent it is a reflection of our melting pot culture, meaning that Europeans made huge contributions in the form of wheat, dairy products, pork, beef and poultry. But American cuisine also includes products that once were known only to the New World, including potatoes, corn, pumpkin, sweet potatoes, and peanuts.

　　The one region of the country where you still find all these things in daily use is the Deep South. The South lost the Civil War, but children of the southerners are winning the battle to preserve and advance their cooking traditions—and in this case one of the few cuisines can truly be called American, which is why we're pleased to have Low Country cuisine in this issue of food creation. That's right, grits and gravy are back in a big way in cities like Charleston and Savannah. Truth is, they never really left, but up until a decade ago Low Country cuisine was more common at home than in restaurants.

　　In fact, a large number of tourists now go to the lower Atlantic region in order to experience this extraordinary cuisine for themselves. Time will tell whether Low Country cuisine becomes popular in other regions of the country in the way that, say, Italian cuisine has, but it's amazing and heartening to see one of our true cultural treasures enjoying renewed popularity in these increasingly homogeneous times.

　　文章大意：该文是说明文。主要介绍关于美国饮食的变化历程。

　　1．According to the passage, American cuisine impresses people as being ________.

　　A．dull and changeless

　　B．rich and various

　　C．popular and delicious

　　D．disagreeable and unpleasant

　　答案：A　细节理解题。A项枯燥并无变化；B项丰富并多变的；C项受欢迎且味道鲜美的；D项不赞成且不愉快的。根据第二段的．..the sad truth is that American cuisine is becoming more homogeneous—all the same—no matter where you live可知，美国的烹饪无变化。故选A。

　　2．It can be seen that the writer feels regretful that ________.

　　A．cuisines of other countries play a more important role in America

　　B．American cuisine has become increasingly lacking in variety

　　C．American cuisine tends to vary because of immigration

　　D．American cuisine is being changed by foreign cuisines

　　答案：B　推理判断题。通读全文，文中多次出现“homogeneous... homogenization...”说明 American cuisine 正在模式化，统一化，甚至同化了一些外来的饮食。故选B。

　　3．From the passage, we know that grits and gravy ________.

　　A．were cooked with new materials after the Civil War

　　B．are gaining popularity in the south of America

　　C．were more popular over ten years ago

　　D．are seldom served in restaurants

　　答案：B　推理判断题。根据文章第四段的“grits and gravy are back in a big way in cities...”说明 American cuisine 流行起来了。 从后文的“time will tell...in other regions”能看出来这种流行现在还局限在南方。故选B。

　　4．What's the writer's attitude towards the renewal of Low Country cuisine in America?

　　A．Concerned and cautious.

　　B．Hopeless and doubtful.

　　C．Positive and supportive.

　　D．Critical and disapproving.

　　答案：C　细节理解题。Concerned and cautious担心的和认真的；Hopeless and doubtful无希望的并怀疑的；Positive and supportive积极并支持的；Critical and disapproving批评和否定的。通读全文，并根据文章的最后一句话 it's amazing and heartening to see one of our... 说明作者的是积极并支持的。所以选 C。

　　Ⅱ.七选五

　　根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。

　　(2015·开封市二模)

　　In the winter months, most children spend their time on video games.Spending their time on video games for a long time is harmful to them.How you can try your best to get them active and keep their minds and bodies healthy is very necessary and important.__1__ Here are some ideas：

　　◆Take out some old games

　　After hours of being indoors, kids will quickly get tired of their own games and toys.Take this opportunity to teach them the old games from your childhood.Make up new rules to refresh the games and make them original to your family.__2__

　　◆ Cook together

　　Cooking is a great activity because the whole family can get involved.__3__ Kids can even practice their reading skills by reading the recipe aloud from a cookbook.Cooking with children also encourages them to try new foods because they've had a hand in making the finished product.

　　◆ Make use of that big project

　　You may have spring cleaning plans, but get a head start on that big clean­out project this winter.__4__ Let your kids involved in cleaning the garage or painting the guest room.Once the project is complete, all of you will feel satisfied to work together.

　　◆ Go on an indoor adventure

　　Staying at home day after day is really dull and you may take part in other activities with your kids.__5__ Make a trip to an indoor ice skating or roller skating rink.You can also start a bowling tournament with other families from school and the neighborhood.

　　A.Encourage your kids to join in the project.

　　B.Set aside more hours for your work.

　　C.Assign everyone a job, like mixing or frying.

　　D.Most kids enjoy outdoor activities in winter.

　　E．Go to a swimming pool in a local gym.

　　F．Record the game ideas to pick out of an activity later.

　　G．With a little activity, you can prevent the winter blues.

　　文章大意：本文是生活知识类小短文。主要告诉我们如何尽力让孩子在冬天保持身心健康。

　　1．G　根据题干和G中的关键词：the winter blues(冬季抑郁)，active，healthy，activity判断答案。故选G。

　　2．F　根据题干和F中的关键词：activity，old games，refresh，判断答案。故选F。

　　3．C　根据题干和C中的关键词：the whole family can get involved, recipe，cook, book，assign等判断答案。故选C。

　　4．A　根据题干和A中的关键词：join in, involve，project等判断答案。故选A。

　　5．E　根据题干和E中的关键词：indoor，activity，ice skating or roller skating rink，gym等判断答案。故选E。

　　Ⅲ.语法填空

　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　(2015·黑龙江佳木斯重点中学一模)

　　Everyone has his own way of saying things and his own special expressions. Many everyday American expressions are based __1__ colors. Red is a hot color. Americans often use __2__ to express heat. They may say they are red hot about something unfair. When they are red hot they are very __3__(anger) about something. The small hot tasting peppers found in many Mexican foods __4__(call) red hots for their color and their spicy taste. Fast loud music is popular with many people. They may say the music is red hot, __5__(especial) the kind called Dixieland jazz. Pink is a __6__(light) kind of red. People sometimes say they are in the pink __7__ they are in good health. The expression was first used in America at the beginning of the __8__(twenty) century. It probably comes from the fact that many babies are born with a nice pink color __9__ shows that they are in good health. Blue is a cool color. The traditional blues music in the United States is __10__ opposite of red hot music. Blues is slow, sad and soulful(深情的). Someone who is blue is very sad.

　　1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______

　　6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______

　　文章大意：本文介绍了美国习语中颜色的含义。

　　1．命题立意：考查介词。

　　答案：on　be based on 以……为基础。

　　2．命题立意：考查代词。

　　答案：it　it代替前文提到的red。

　　3．命题立意：考查词形转换。

　　答案：angry　用形容词作表语；very副词修饰形容词。

　　4．命题立意：考查时态语态。

　　答案：are called　被称为“炽热”。

　　5．命题立意：考查词形转换。

　　答案：especially　especially作状语，修饰全句，本句实际是省略句。

　　6．命题立意：考查比较级。

　　答案：lighter　粉红色是比较浅一点的红色；所以用light的比较级形式。

　　7．命题立意：考查引导词。

　　答案：when　when引导的时间状语从句；当他们健康的时候，人们就说they are in the pink。

　　8．命题立意：考查数词。

　　答案：twentieth　20世纪是第20世纪，应用序数词。

　　9．命题立意：考查定语从句。

　　答案：that/which　本句是定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，并且先行词是color，表示“物”。

　　10．命题立意：考查冠词。

　　答案：the　the opposite of 在……的对立面。

　　Ⅳ.短文改错

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用()划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

　　(2015·沈阳市郊联体二模)

　　Mr. Smith is a traffic policeman，which works very hard. One day, Mr. Smith as well as his wife were taking a walk along the seashore. Suddenly he heard cry. “Help! Help！” Following the direction of the cry, he saw a drown man struggling in the water. Without hesitate, he threw off his coat, jumped into the waves, and swam to the man so fast as he could. Finally he was able to grasp the man by the arm and pulled him from the waves until he reached the shore. His wife ran up to help the man. He was very excited to say a word. All the people there crowd around Mr. Smith. They cheered him up and raised him in the air.

　　答案：

　　Mr. Smith is a traffic policeman， works very hard. One day, Mr. Smith as well as his wife

　　taking a walk along the seashore. Suddenly he heard

　　cry. “Help! Help！” Following the direction of the cry, he saw a

　　man struggling in the water. Without ， he threw off his coat, jumped into the waves, and swam to the man

　　fast as he could. Finally he was able to grasp the man by the arm and pulled him

　　the waves until he reached the shore. His wife ran up to help the man. He was

　　excited to say a word. All the people there

　　around Mr. Smith. They cheered him up and raised him in the air.

　　1.

　　命题立意：考查定语从句。

　　解析：which→who　定语从句的先行词是policeman，应用who引导非限制性定语从句。故which改为who。

　　2．命题立意：考查主谓一致。

　　解析：were→was　as well as连接主语时，谓语动词与as well as前的名词或代词保持一致。故were改为was。

　　3. 命题立意：考查冠词。

　　解析：cry前加a　cry为名词，前应加不定冠词，故在其前加a。

　　4. 命题立意：考查非谓语动词。

　　解析：drown→drowning　此处是正在溺水的男士，drown应用现在分词形式，故drown改为drowning。

　　5. 命题立意：考查名词。

　　解析：hesitate→hesitation　without为介词，后跟名词、代词、动名词作宾语，故hesitate改为hesitation。

　　6．命题立意：考查副词。

　　解析：so→as　as...as one can/could某人尽可能……，应将so改为as。

　　7. 命题立意：考查介词。

　　解析：from→through　through the waves穿越海浪，故from改为through。

　　8. 命题立意：考查句式。

　　解析：very→too　too...to do...太……而不能做……。

　　9. 命题立意：考查时态。

　　解析：crowd→crowded　这是发生在过去的事情，crowd应用过去时。故crowd改为crowded。

　　10. 命题立意：考查副词。

　　解析：and前的up去掉　cheer欢呼，cheer up加油，故将up去掉。