2017届高考英语一轮基础知识复习：Unit 2 Healthy eating（新人教版必修3）

　　Unit 2 Healthy eating

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　(2015·沈阳一模)

　　Being physically active three times a week reduces the odds of being depressed by about 16%, according to new UCL research carried out as part of the Public Health Research Centre.

　　The study, published in JAMA Psychiatry, found a two­way relationship between depression and physical activity. People who increased their weekly activity were reported to have fewer depressive symptoms but those with more depressive symptoms were less active, particularly at younger ages.

　　Researchers followed 11,135 people born in 1958 up until the age of 50, recording depressive symptoms and levels of physical activity at regular intervals in adulthood.

　　They found that each additional activity period per week reduced odds of depression by 6%. In England 19% of men and 26% of women are currently classed as “inactive”， and this study suggests that activity could significantly improve their mental as well as physical health.

　　“Assuming the association is causal, physical activity has a protective effect against depression. If an adult between his twenties and forties who isn't physically active became active 3 times per week,

　　he would reduce his risks of depression by about 16%，”

　　said Dr Snehal of the UCL Institute of Child Health, lead author of the study.

　　Professor Mark, Director of the Public Health Research Centre, said: “Many people are already aware of the benefits of physical activity on their general health, but now we are seeing more evidence that suggests it also has a positive effect on a person's mental well­being. The latest research highlights just how important it is to ensure that people are working and living in environments that allow them to be both physically active and mentally healthy.”

　　文章大意：最新研究表明，增加每周锻炼身体的次数，能降低人们患上抑郁症的风险。

　　1．The underlined word “odds” in Paragraph 1 probably means “________”．

　　A．benefits B．intervals

　　C．risks D．ages

　　答案：C　词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“If an adult between his twenties and forties who isn't physically active became active 3 times per week, he would reduce his risks of depression by about 16%”可知，人们每周锻炼三次，能让患抑郁症的可能性降低大约16%。由此可推断出，odds和risks的意思一样，故C项正确。

　　2．According to the second paragraph, if people increase their weekly activity, ________.

　　A．their depressive symptoms will be fewer

　　B．their depressive symptoms will be more

　　C．they will become much younger

　　D．they will become more depressive

　　答案：A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“People who increased their weekly activity were reported to have fewer depressive symptoms”可知，如果人们增加他们每周锻炼的次数，就会有较少的抑郁症状，故A项正确。

　　3．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

　　A．Dr Snehal thinks it is important to be both physically and mentally healthy.

　　B．The research shows men are more active in physical activity than women.

　　C．Adults who insist on physical activity will avoid depression completely.

　　D．Increasing physical activity can free people from depression in a way.

　　答案：D　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Being physically active three times a week reduces the odds of being depressed by about 16%”可推知，增加锻炼身体的次数在某种程度上能降低抑郁症的可能性，故D项正确。

　　4．What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?

　　A．To tell us a fun story about how to protect us against depression.

　　B．To introduce a research on the link between physical activity and depression.

　　C．To persuade readers to increase their weekly activity.

　　D．To describe the disadvantages of physical activity.

　　答案：B　写作意图题。本文主要向读者介绍了一项科学研究成果，这份研究介绍了身体锻炼和抑郁症之间的联系，故B项正确。

　　.完形填空

　　(2015·长春市质量检测二)

　　Since I was 12 years old, I've suffered from a condition called Compulsive Hair Pulling(强迫性拔毛症). The physical destruction was severe, but the emotional __1__

　　was worse. When I was young, no one, __2__

　　my doctor,

　　knew how to help me. I was alone.

　　Growing up, I didn't __3__

　　anywhere and I suffered great shame knowing I'd brought this __4__

　　upon myself. My hands seemed to have a __5__ of their own. “What's wrong with me，” I'd often wonder. Sometimes, people asked about my __6__

　　of eyelashes(眼睫毛) and eyebrows. I was lonely, but I kept people at a distance. However, each night, __7__

　　I fell asleep, I'd pray for wisdom, and for God to send someone who __8__.

　　Then when I was 25, I read a letter from a mom whose child suffered from the same illness. I could __9__ believe my eyes. After all these years, I discovered, I was not __10__.

　　At that moment, my journey for __11__

　　began. I took small __12__

　　at first—telling only a few friends. Some of them tried to understand. Then, they began to __13__

　　their secrets with me. I learned to see __14__

　　the way God saw me, someone __15__ love.

　　One day, my __16__ happened. A friend called with wonderful news. She just met a woman with Compulsive Hair Pulling—someone just like me. She gave me her phone number. I was __17__. I quickly dialed, and from the minute Christina answered, we began to chat like old friends, both thrilled to find someone who understood our pain. We __18__

　　to meet soon, only to find we lived only two blocks away.We immediately__19__ our phones, and in the dark of night, ran outside to the nearby parks in our pajamas, __20__ we hugged, cried and talked for hours. I felt I'd just met my long lost twin, someone who understood my pain and struggles.

　　文章大意：本文是夹叙夹议文章。作者通过自己与强迫性拔毛症作斗争感到很孤独，在朋友的帮助下找到具有同样病症的朋友，从而感觉到有朋友的温暖。

　　1．A.conflict

　　B．threat

　　C．damage

　　D．puzzle

　　答案：C　本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。conflict冲突；threat恐惧；damage毁坏，伤害；puzzle迷惑。上文提到身体上的伤害严重，那么本句应该说情感上的伤害更严重。故选C。

　　2．A.including

　　B．except

　　C．beyond

　　D．but

　　答案：A　本空考查介词基本含义的辨析。including包括；except除……以外；beyond超越，在……的那边；but除……之外。包括医生在内，没人知道如何帮助我。故选A。

　　3．A.belong to

　　B．fit in

　　C．come up

　　D．fall over

　　答案：B　本空考查动词短语基本含义的辨析。语意：我在哪儿都不适应。fit in适应；belong to属于，后应接名词或代词；come up走上前，问题被提出，发芽；fall over绊倒。故选B。

　　4．A.shyness

　　B．pain

　　C．anger

　　D．tiredness

　　答案：B　本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。shyness害羞；pain痛苦；anger生气；tiredness疲劳。语意：知道是我自己给自己带来的痛苦，我感到极大的羞愧。故选B。

　　5．A.decision

　　B．solution

　　C．mind

　　D．conclusion

　　答案：C　本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。decision决定；solution解决办法；mind想法；conclusion结论。前文说作者自己给自己造成痛苦，可知作者不能控制自己的手，因而“我的手好像有自己的思想”。故选C。

　　6．A.color

　　B．shape

　　C．recovery

　　D．lack

　　答案：D　本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。color颜色；shape形状；recovery康复；lack缺少。语意：人们询问我没有眼睫毛和眉毛是怎么回事。故选D。

　　7．A.after

　　B．before

　　C．if

　　D．whether

　　答案：B　本空考查连词基本含义的辨析。after在……之后；before在……之前；if如果，是否；whether是否，尽管。语意：每晚睡觉前，我向上帝祈祷。故选B。

　　8．A.understood

　　B．missed

　　C．thought

　　D．listened

　　答案：A　本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。understood理解；missed错过；thought认为；listened听。后文多次提到作者期待着别人真正理解自己的痛苦。故选A。

　　9．A.never

　　B．hardly

　　C．seldom

　　D．rarely

　　答案：B　本空考查副词基本含义的辨析。never从不；hardly几乎不，简直不；seldom很少，不常；rarely几乎没有。语意：我几乎不敢相信自己的眼睛。故选B。

　　10．A.ill

　　B．weak

　　C．sad

　　D．alone

　　答案：D　本空考查形容词基本含义的辨析。ill生病的；weak虚弱的；sad悲伤的；alone单独的。全文的线索就是“并不是我一个人是这样的”，作者以前一直感到没人理解自己的状况，现在终于发现有人跟她患有同样的疾病。故选D。

　　11．A.healing

　　B．praying

　　C．searching

　　D．longing

　　答案：A　本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。healing痊愈；praying祈祷；searching搜索；longing想要。根据上题，作者开始了心灵治愈之旅。下文中作者向朋友倾诉等做法表明了这一点。故选A。

　　12．A.efforts

　　B．suggestion

　　C．steps

　　D．walks

　　答案：C　本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。efforts努力；suggestion建议；steps步骤，措施；walks步行。语意：我一开始是采取小步骤——只告诉几个朋友。故选C。

　　13．A.share

　　B．betray

　　C．sell

　　D．keep

　　答案：A　本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。share分享；betray背叛；sell出售；keep保持。语意：之后，他们开始跟我分享他们的秘密。故选A。

　　14．A.them

　　B．everyone

　　C．anyone

　　D．myself

　　答案：D　本空考查代词基本含义的辨析。我开始了心灵治愈之旅，学会了以上帝看待我的方式看待我自己，我是一个值得爱的人。暗示作者接受现实、面对现实。故选D。

　　15．A.wasting

　　B．deserving

　　C．giving

　　D．refusing

　　答案：B　本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。wasting浪费；deserving值得；giving给予；refusing拒绝。见上题分析。选项C意为作者想要给予及付出爱，与前文矛盾，第二段最后一句表明作者一直渴望爱，并不是给予爱。故选B。

　　16．A.illness

　　B．symptom

　　C．prediction

　　D．miracle

　　答案：D　本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。illness疾病；symptom症状；prediction预计；miracle奇迹。下文中作者找到了跟自己患有同样疾病的人，并能面对面倾诉心声，可见奇迹发生了。故选D。

　　17．A.peaceful

　　B．surprised

　　C．overjoyed

　　D．cold

　　答案：C　本空考查形容词基本含义的辨析。peaceful和平的；surprised吃惊的；overjoyed过度高兴的；cold冷的。作者终于找到了能够真正理解自己的人，当然是欣喜若狂。下文中快速拨打电话号码也提示了这一点。故选C。

　　18．A.went

　　B．ran

　　C．planned

　　D．imagined

　　答案：C　本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。went去；ran跑；planned计划；imagined想象。电话里聊过之后，两人计划着要很快见面。故选C。

　　19．A.dialed

　　B．exchanged

　　C．fell

　　D．dropped

　　答案：D　本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。dialed拨打；exchanged交换；fell摔倒，下落；dropped放下。语意：我们立刻放下电话，在黑夜中跑去见对方。故选D。

　　20．A.where

　　B．when

　　C．how

　　D．why

　　答案：A　本空考查定语从句引导词的用法。空后的定语从句中缺少地点状语。语意：在公园里我们相拥而泣，交谈甚欢。 故选A。

　　.语法填空

　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　(2015·山西省太原市二模)

　　What should you do if you are not able to sleep? The best thing is to try to avoid bad habits. __1__ you always go to bed and get up at about the same time, this sets a __2__(health) rhythm in your life. Don't drink caffeine drinks in the evening. Smoking and alcohol can also keep you awake. You may have trouble __3__(sleep) if you have a heavy meal just before you go to bed.

　　You may also find it difficult __4__(get) to sleep if you have a problem or something else on your mind. This is __5__ you need to relax. As you lie in bed, tense the muscles in your feet and then relax __6__. Continue up the body, tensing and relaxing the muscles until you reach the head. Start with the feet again if you are still tense. If you __7__(think) about a problem or about something exciting that is going to happen the next day, get up and write about it. That will help to take it off your mind. You can also get up and read, but be sure to choose __8__ book that is not too difficult. __9__， you may get so interested that you won't want to go to sleep even when you feel sleepy.

　　Sleep well! Sweet __10__(dream)!

　　1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______

　　6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______

　　文章大意：这篇文章主要叙述了当你失眠时应该怎么办。

　　1．命题立意：考查状语从句。

　　答案：If　根据主从句之间的关系，前者是后分句的条件。判断填If。

　　2．命题立意：考查形容词。

　　答案：healthy　根据空后是名词，应用形容词修饰名词。故填healthy。

　　3．命题立意：考查固定句型。

　　答案：sleeping　根据句型have trouble doing sth.做某事有困难。故填sleeping。

　　4．命题立意：考查非谓语动词。

　　答案：to get　根据句型find it ＋ 形容词 ＋ to do sth.判断填不定式，故填to get。

　　5．命题立意：考查表语从句。

　　答案：when　空后的表语从句中缺少时间状语。因此答案填when。

　　6．命题立意：考查代词。

　　答案：them　根据前文的feet判断。故填them。

　　7．命题立意：考查时态。

　　答案：are thinking/think　根据空后的is going on和整个语境应填一般现在时或进行时。故填are thinking/think。

　　8．命题立意：考查冠词。

　　答案：a　根据此处泛指一本不太难的书。可知填a。

　　9．命题立意：考查连词。

　　答案：Otherwise　根据前后文之间的关系，“否则”故填Otherwise。

　　10．命题立意：考查名词。

　　答案：dreams　根据dream是可数名词，空前无限定词，应用复数形式，故填dreams。

　　Ⅳ.短文改错

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用()划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

　　(2015·宁波模拟)

　　There is a belief that good habits result from resisting temptation. Enough examples can be found to illustrate the point of view. To begin with, eat more fruit and vegetables and less meat is a wonderful healthy habit. Of course, you would have to refuse a variety of delicious snack and junk food. Also excellent habit of reading classic literature in a regular basis is another case in point. But you would definitely have to spend more time on your favorite TV programs or fascinating computer games.

　　Developing good habits, without any doubt, involve great perseverance and determination to stand against various temptations around us. It is not easy to do so. However, as we all know it, good habits are benefit to our lives and learning. Therefore, as far as I'm concerned, it's worth to develop great habits at the cost of resisting temptation.

　　答案：

　　There is a belief that good habits result from resisting temptation. Enough examples can be found to illustrate the point of view. To begin with,

　　more fruit and vegetables

　　less meat is a wonderful healthy habit. Of coures, you would have to refuse a variety of delicious

　　and junk food. Also excellent habit of reading classic literature

　　a regular basis is another case in point. But you would definitely have to spend

　　time on your favorite TV programs or fascinating computer games.

　　Developing good habits, without any doubt,

　　great perseverance and determination to stand against various temptations around us. It is not easy to do so. However, as we all know it, good habits are

　　to our lives and learning. Therefore, as far as I'm concerned, it's

　　to develop great habits at the cost of resisting temptation.

　　1．命题立意：考查非谓语动词。

　　解析：eat→eating。分析句子结构可知此处应用动词的­ing形式作主语。

　　2．命题立意：考查连词。

　　解析：and→but。根据上下文语境可知这里表示转折关系。

　　3．命题立意：考查名词单复数

　　解析：snack→snacks。snack前有a variety of修饰，应用复数形式。

　　4．命题立意：考查冠词。

　　解析：excellent前加an/the。habit为可数名词，根据上下文语境可知这里应该用单数，故excellent前加an/the。

　　5．命题立意：考查介词。

　　解析：in→on。on a regular basis是固定短语，意思是“定期地，经常地”。

　　6．命题立意：考查形容词比较级。

　　解析：more→less。根据上下文语境可知这里指的是更少的时间。

　　7．命题立意：考查主谓一致。

　　解析：involve→involves。动名词作主语，谓语动词应用单数。

　　8．命题立意：考查非限制性定语从句。

　　解析：删去know后的it。as we all know是非限制性定语从句，as作know的宾语，故删去it。

　　9．命题立意：考查系表结构。

　　解析：benefit→beneficial。be beneficial to...意思是“有益于……”。

　　10．命题立意：考查形容词。

　　解析：worth→worthwhile。此处考查it is worthwhile to do sth.这一句型。