课时作业13 Unit 13 People
一、单元扣点
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The little girl is extremely afraid of ________(闪电)．
答案 lightning
2．His ________(个性) left a deep impression on us.
答案 personality
3．India gained ________(独立) from Britain in 1947.
答案 independence
4．I'm so ________(感激的) to you for helping me.
答案 grateful
5．He ________(瞥一眼) at the envelope and recognized his uncle's handwriting.
答案 glanced
6．I'm so excited that I can't find an e________ for my feelings.
答案 expression
7．The ancients were m________ in their belief that the earth was flat.
答案 mistaken
8．J________ from his appearance, he comes from the north.
答案 Judging
9．The matter had been resolved “to the s________ of both parties”．
答案 satisfaction
10．F________ expressions and gestures carry meaning that depends on situations and relationships.
答案 Facial
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1．谁也无法预料接着会发生什么事。(predict)
答案 You can never predict what would happen next.
2．公司应该能够满足我们的要求。(fulfill our requirements)
答案 The company should be able to fulfill our requirements.
3．我想你准是认错人了。(mistake... for...)
答案 I think you must mistake me for someone else.
4．说实话，我根本不喜欢你的主意。(to be honest)
答案 To be honest, I don't like your idea at all.
5．奶奶很受邻居们的欢迎。(be popular with)
答案 Grandma is very popular with her neighbours.
二、阅读理解
(2015•湖南卷)
Have your parents ever inspected your room to see if you cleaned it properly? Imagine having your entire house, garage, and yard inspected at any time—with no warning. Inspections were a regular part of lighthouse (灯塔) living, and a keeper's reputation depended on the results. A few times each year, an inspector arrived to look over the entire light station. The inspections were supposed to be a surprise, but keepers sometimes had advance notice.
Once lighthouses had telephones, keepers would call each other to warn that the inspector was approaching. After boats began flying special flags noting the inspector was aboard, the keeper's family made it a game to see who could notice the boat first. As soon as someone spotted the boat, everyone would do lastminute tidying and change into fancy clothes. The keeper then scurried to put on his dress uniform and cap. Children of keepers remember inspectors wearing white gloves to run their fingers over door frames and windowsills looking for dust.
Despite the serious nature of inspections, they resulted in some funny moments. Betty Byrnes remembered when her mother did not have time to wash all the dishes before an inspection. At the time, people did not have dishwashers in their homes. In an effort to clean up quickly, Mrs. Byrnes tossed all the dishes into a big bread pan, covered them with a cloth, and stuck them in the oven. If the inspector opened the oven door, it would look like bread was baking. He never did.
One day, Glenn Furst's mother put oil on the kitchen floor just before the inspector entered their house. Like floor wax, the oil made the floors shiny and helped protect the wood. This time, though, she used a little too much oil. When the inspector extended his hand to greet Glenn's mother, he slipped on the freshly oiled surface. 揌e camei across that floor waving his arms like a young bird attempting its first flight，” Glenn later wrote. After he steadied himself, he shook Glenn's mother's hand, and the inspection continued as though nothing had happened.
语篇解读 本文主要讲述了灯塔巡视员对灯塔的巡视，以及灯塔看守人一家应对巡视的几种搞笑手段。
1．What does Paragraph 1 tell us about the inspection at the light station?
A. It was carried out once a year.
B. It was often announced in advance.
C. It was important for the keeper's fame.
D. It was focused on the garage and yard.
答案与解析 C 考查细节理解。根据文章第一段第三句“Inspections were a regular part of lighthouse (灯塔) living, and a keeper's reputation depended on the results”可知，巡视员的检查结果与灯塔看守人的名誉有关。
2．The family began making preparations immediately after ________.
A. one of the members saw the boat
B. a warning call reached the lighthouse
C. the keeper put on the dress uniform and cap
D. the inspector flew special flags in the distance
答案与解析 A 考查细节理解。根据文章第二段第三句“As soon as someone spotted the boat, everyone would do lastminute tidying and change into fancy clothes”可得出答案。
3．Mrs. Byrnes put the dishes in the oven because this would ________.
A. result in some fun
B. speed up washing them
C. make her home look tidy
D. be a demand from the inspector
答案与解析 C 考查细节理解。根据文章第三段第四句“In an effort to clean up quickly, Mrs. Byrnes tossed all the dishes into a big bread pan, covered them with a cloth, and stuck them in the oven”可知，Byrnes太太将盘子放到烤炉中的目的是让她的房子看起来整洁。
4．If the inspector had opened the oven door, he would have seen ________.
A. an empty pan
B. many clean dishes
C. pieces of baked bread
D. a cloth covering something
答案与解析 D 考查细节理解。根据文章第三段中的“Mrs. Byrnes tossed all the dishes into a big bread pan, covered them with a cloth, and stuck them in the oven”和“If the inspector opened the oven door, it would look like bread was baking”可得出答案。
5．The inspector waved his arms ________.
A. to try his best to keep steady
B. to show his satisfaction with the floor
C. to extend a warm greeting to Glenn's mother
D. to express his intention to continue the inspection
答案与解析 A 考查推理判断。根据文章最后一段最后三句的内容可知，巡视员挥舞手臂是为了保持平衡。
三、完形填空
(2016•云南师范大学高考应考)
Visitors to the dry, hot Sonoran Desert of the Southern Arizona and Northern Mexico are amazed at the manyarmed giants. They are the saguaro cacti (树形仙人掌), a giant which gives the landscape its __1__ appearance. In the dry desert the saguaro cacti can live for more than 200 years，grow to a __2__ of 20 feet, and have as many as 10 arms.
More __3__， the saguaro cacti still persist despite the unbearable desert climate. Those that have grown to old age have __4__ droughts, freeze, flash floods, and bush fires as well as the __5__ caused by groups of rats that eat their seedlings (幼苗). Like all other desert __6__， these leafless giants can store water for use during the desert's long dry seasons by __7__ water through their long roots.
Naturally，the great saguaro cacti are a(n) __8__ part of the desert life. Actually the giants may be __9__ to many animals, including woodpeckers, owls, doves, bats and insects. In addition, after a saguaro __10__ the age of 10 or so, coldresistant flowers __11__ at the top of the plants once a year. These flowers __12__ birds, bats and bees, which come for the honey and for the tasty flowers with their black seeds.
__13__ the splendid saguaros are plentiful in the Southwest, they are unfortunately __14__. These giant cacti have great value in landscape gardening, and the thieves can earn thousands of dollars by uprooting and __15__ them to nurseries (苗圃). To protect these southwestern __16__， agents for the Arizona Department of Agriculture go around and __17__ the desert. It's a most important job though a hard one. But without the saguaro cacti, many desert animals would suffer a lack of __18__ and loss of nesting sites. The Southwest, too, would __19__ something of unique importance, since these desert giants have become a __20__ of the dry region.
1．A. general
B. basic
C. unique
D. lovely
2．A. length
B. height
C. size
D. width
3．A. pleasingly
B. inspiringly
C. interestingly
D. amazingly
4．A. lived through
B. broken through
C. cut through
D. got through
5．A. crisis
B. damage
C. destruction
D. load
6．A. plants
B. lives
C. animals
D. creatures
7．A. pouring
B. squeezing
C. pumping
D. absorbing
8．A. independent
B. vital
C. original
D. mysterious
9．A. spot
B. field
C. home
D. camp
10．A. turns
B. takes
C. meets
D. gains
11．A. come up
B. come out
C. show off
D. show up
12．A. call
B. trap
C. fascinate
D. stick
13．A. As
B. But
C. Although
D. Yet
14．A. in danger
B. in demand
C. in need
D. in control
15．A. exchanging
B. trading
C. offering
D. selling
16．A. treasures
B. decorations
C. possessions
D. creations
17．A. look over
B. hand over
C. watch over
D. turn over
18．A. food
B. scenery
C. water
D. flavor
19．A. affect
B. abandon
C. increase
D. lose
20．A. signal
B. sign
C. mark
D. symbol
答案与解析
语篇解读 本文是一篇环境类的说明文。文章从奇特的形状、生活特性、经济价值等方面介绍了Sonoran Desert(索诺兰沙漠)的标志性植物——树形仙人掌。
1．C 根据下文可知，树形仙人掌有多达10个手形分支，所以形状“独特”，故选unique“独特的”。general“普通的”；basic“基本的”；lovely“可爱的”。
2．B 根据前面的“giant”及后面的“20 feet”可知，此处表示的是“高度”，因此选height。length“长度”；size“尺寸”；width“宽度”。
3．D 根据上文可知，游客对树形仙人掌的形状惊讶不已，现在更令人惊讶的是它们的适应能力，因此选amazingly。pleasingly“令人愉快地”；inspiringly“鼓舞人心地”；interestingly“有趣地”。
4．A 根据上下文可知，树形仙人掌“经历”了恶劣环境的考验，live through“经历”符合语境。break through“突破”；cut through“抄近路穿过，走近路”；get through“接通电话，通过考试”。
5．B 除了恶劣的气候外，树形仙人掌还要遭受老鼠的“破坏”，因此选damage。crisis“危机”；destruction“毁灭”；load“负担”。
6．A 像沙漠里其他所有的“植物”一样，因此选plants。life“生命”；animal“动物”；creature“生物”。
7．D 树形仙人掌通过它们的长根茎吸收水。absorb“吸收”，符合语境。pour“倒，灌”；squeeze“挤压”；pump“抽出”。
8．B 根据下文可知，作为许多动物赖以生存的食物和家园，树形仙人掌是沙漠“极为重要的”部分，因此选vital“极重要的”。independent“独立的”；original“原始的”；mysterious“神秘的”。
9．C 根据最后一段的倒数第二句“But without the saguaro cacti...loss of nesting sites”可知，树形仙人掌可能是许多动物的栖息地。因此选home“家园”。spot“地点”；field“田地”；camp“营地”。
10．A 树形仙人掌长到10岁左右。此处选turn意为“到(某年龄或某个时间)”，其后可以直接跟数字。take“带走”；meet“遇到”；gain“获得”。
11．B 根据上下文可知，这里指树形仙人掌开花了，因此选come out“(花朵)开放”。come up“走近，被提到”；show off“炫耀”；show up“露面，到达”。
12．C 根据下文中的“which come for the honey”可知，树形仙人掌的花吸引了一些动物，因此此处选fascinate“迷住，深深吸引”。call“召集”；trap“困住”；stick“粘”。
13．C 尽管在西南这壮丽的树形仙人掌很多，但它们却面临着危险。逗号前后表示让步关系，although“尽管”，符合语境。as“因为”；but“但是”；yet“然而”。
14．A 根据上题解析可知，此处应选in danger“处于危险之中”。in demand“需求大，受欢迎”；in need“需要”；in control“掌管”。
15．D 根据空格前的“These giant cacti have great value in landscape gardening, and the thieves can earn thousands of dollars”可知，树形仙人掌被偷去卖钱，sell“卖”，符合语境。exchange“交换”；trade“从事贸易，以物易物”；offer“提供”。
16．A 根据全文可知，树形仙人掌是应该受到保护的沙漠珍宝，treasure“珍宝”，符合语境。decoration“装饰”；possession“拥有物”；creation“发明，创造”。
17．C 为了保护这些珍宝，Arizona农业部派代理人保护沙漠。因此选watch over“监督，保护”。look over“浏览，迅速地检查”；hand over“移交”；turn over“翻转”。
18．A 根据第三段的最后一句可知，树形仙人掌还是动物们的食物。没有了它们，就意味着“食物”的短缺，因此此处选food。scenery“风景”；water“水”；flavor“味道”。
19．D 西南部也将失去这些极具重要性的东西，因此此处选lose。affect“影响”；abandon“遗弃，放弃”；increase“增加”。
20．D 这些沙漠巨型植物已经变成了这个干燥区域的标志。根据句意可知，此处选symbol“标志”。signal“信号”；sign“征兆”；mark“记号”。