考点规范练10(必修4 Theme A)
考点规范练第20页
.阅读理解
A
(2016重庆七校联盟上学期联考)
Cancer researchers urged people on Wednesday to take more vitamin D to lower risk of cancer,saying studies showed a clear link.“Our suggestion is for people to increase their intake(摄入),through diet or a vitamin supplement,” Dr.Cedric Garland said in a telephone interview.
Garland’s research team reviewed 63 studies,including several large long-term ones,on the relationship between vitamin D and certain types of cancer worldwide between 1966 and 2004.“There’s nothing that has this ability to prevent cancer,” he said,urging governments and public health officials to do more to fortify (增强) foods with vitamin D.Garland’s team published its findings this week online in the American Journal of Public Health.Vitamin D is found in milk,as well as in some fortified orange juice,yogurt and cheeses,usually at around 100 international units(IU)a serving.“People might want to consider a vitamin supplement to raise their intake to 1 000 IUs per day.” Garland said,adding that it was well within the safety guidelines established by the National Academy of Sciences.
The authors said that taking more vitamin D could be especially important for people living in northern areas,which receive less vitamin D from sunshine.
“African Americans,who don’t produce as much of the vitamin because of their skin colour,could also benefit significantly from a higher intake,” the authors said.
【语篇导读】研究表明维生素D可以降低患癌症的几率。本文介绍了这一研究,并且告诉了读者获取维生素D的方法及标准。
1.Why are people advised to take more Vitamin D?
A.It is nutritious.
B.It can’t harm people’s health.
C.It can lower cancer risk.
D.It is not taken enough every day.
答案:C
解析:细节理解题。根据文章第一句中的“...take more vitamin D to lower risk of cancer”可知,多吃维生素D可以降低患癌几率。故选C项。
2.Which of the following cannot help people get more Vitamin D?
A.Have some sunshine.
B.Have more meat.
C.Have more fortified cheeses.
D.Have a vitamin supplement.
答案:B
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Vitamin D is found in milk,as well as in some fortified orange juice,yogurt and cheeses”和“People might want to consider a vitamin supplement to raise their intake to 1 000 IUs per day”可知,C项和D项的陈述正确;根据第三段可知,摄入更多的维生素D对于那些生活在美国北部地区的人们来说,显得尤其重要,因为那里的人们因日晒少而获取的维生素D量都比较少,A项的陈述正确。文章中并没有提到肉,故选B项。
3.What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?
A.Vitamin D can prevent all kinds of cancer.
B.People must take in as much vitamin D as possible.
C.African Americans don’t produce vitamin D.
D.it’s unrealistic to take in enough vitamin D by drinking milk.
答案:D
解析:推理判断题。根据第二段的第四句和第五句可知,每份牛奶等的维生素D含量约为100国际单位,而人们可以考虑服用补充剂将自己的维生素D摄入量提升至每天1000国际单位。因此,通过喝牛奶并不能摄入足量的维生素D。
4.Who should take more Vitamin D according to the passage?
A.African people. B.Asian people.
C.American people. D.European people.
答案:A
解析:细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“African Americans,who don’t produce as much of the vitamin because of their skin colour,could also benefit significantly from a higher intake”可以推断出,非洲人应该多摄入维生素D,故选A项。
B
After a confirmed rabies(狂犬病) case in Parke County,Indiana,experts are urging caution if you find a bat(蝙蝠) in your home or office.
“If you try to kill a bat,you’re more likely to get bitten,”said Joy O’Keefe,assistant professor of biology and director of Indiana State University’s Center for Bat Research,Outreach and Conservation.“Most bats people find in their houses are healthy and are not going to bite them and give them rabies.”But they could be a federally(联盟地) endangered species,such as the Indiana Bat,which is found in this area.
So if you spot a bat in your home or office,don’t kill it or touch it with bare hands,O’Keefe said.Instead,put on a pair of heavy gloves and gently move it into a box or bucket.Once contained,the bat can be removed outside.
“If it’s a healthy bat,it’ll fly away eventually,”O’Keefe said.“If it doesn’t move or seem to be healthy,you can take it to the health department to be tested.”
This is the time of year when bats move from their summer resting sites to their winter resting sites,O’Keefe said.
“We get calls every year during the first month of school year from people finding bats in the university’s buildings,”said O’Keefe.
Bats are a great help to people,as every night they can eat up to their entire body weight of insects.Bats,however,are facing great threats from epidemics(流行性疾病),habitat destruction and other things.
“The best way the average person can help bats is by understanding them and by telling other people how awesome bats are and what bats do for us,”O’Keefe said.“Hopefully,it will make people think that if there’s a bat in their house,they should try to get it out but not kill it.That would be really positive for bats—to not have people be one of their major threats.”
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。蝙蝠对人类有益,但是被蝙蝠咬伤后会使人得狂犬病,所以O’Keefe建议我们在室内发现蝙蝠时,不要空手去捉它们或伤害它们,而是要戴上手套把它们移到户外。
5.According to the text,experts are giving the public a warning about .
A.the biting by bats
B.the danger of keeping bats
C.the spreading of an infectious disease
D.the extinction of an endangered species
答案:A
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的“After a confirmed rabies case”及第二段中的“If you try to kill a bat,you’re more likely to get bitten”可知,因为有了被蝙蝠咬后导致人得狂犬病的案例,所以专家向公众发出了小心被蝙蝠咬的警告。
6.In O’Keefe’s opinion,when you find a bat in your house,you should .
A.put it on a tree
B.send it to get tested
C.remove it with gloves
D.report to the health department
答案:C
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的“put on a pair of heavy gloves and gently move it into a box or bucket.Once contained,the bat can be removed outside”可知,O’Keefe建议大家戴上手套把蝙蝠移到户外。
7.We can infer that the text is probably written in .
A.spring B.summer
C.autumn D.winter
答案:C
解析:推理判断题。根据第五段中的“This is the time of year when bats move from their summer resting sites to their winter resting sites”及第六段中的“during the first month of school year”可知,蝙蝠在这个时期从它们夏天的窝迁徙到冬天的窝,再根据新学年的第一个月可推测,这篇文章写于秋季。
8.The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph probably means .
A.what bats like to eat
B.people’s awareness of bats
C.the best way to protect bats
D.the greatest threat bats are facing
答案:B
解析:篇章结构题。根据本段内容可知,O’Keefe认为保护蝙蝠最好的方法就是了解它们并且告诉他人蝙蝠有多棒,它们能为人类做很多事情。O’Keefe希望“人们对蝙蝠的这种认识”能避免人类成为蝙蝠的最大威胁之一。
Ⅱ.七选五
Helping a friend who is hurting
Don’t invite more emotion than you can handle
Don’t invite emotional release unless you can stay with your friends while they experience their feelings.1.
2.
Your friends will be telling you about some problem that has lots of emotion involved.Pay attention to the emotion,not the problem.
If they are sad,show that you care about how bad it feels.If they are angry,help them to talk it out(without either agreeing or disagreeing).
Remember why they came to you
If they had wanted a teacher,or a parent,they could have gone to one.3.
A map of the troubles
Think about each of your friendships,and ask yourself this question:
“Do we usually just have fun,without talking about some problems?”
4. Instead,they are asking you to be an advisor of some sort.
Either back out of this friendship or insist that it change into something that both of you can enjoy.
When your help doesn’t help
When your love and caring isn’t enough,don’t be afraid to say so.
Remember that you can’t really help unless you want to,and you can’t possibly want to if you are being overused or if you are running out of time or energy.
5. If they ask you where they can turn now,tell them all you know about resources(资源).
A.Don’t think for them
B.Don’t get lost in the problem
C.They came to you because they wanted a friend!
D.Simply say,“I don’t think I can help you anymore with this.”
E.If they are scared,comfort them physically or with your words.
F.If the answer is “no,”your friends are not asking you to be a friend.
G.Don’t say “Maybe you need a good cry” unless you are willing to sit through the tears!
答案与解析:
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了在帮助朋友时应该注意的五个问题。
1.G 解析:根据本空前的“Don’t invite emotional release unless you can stay with your friends while they experience their feelings”可知,“除非你愿意等着朋友哭完,否则不要说‘也许你需要好好地哭一场’”。
2.B 解析:根据本部分中的“Pay attention to the emotion,not the problem”及随后举的例子不难看出,作者在这里建议大家“不要在问题中迷失”。
3.C 解析:根据本空前的“If they had wanted a teacher,or a parent,they could have gone to one”可知,他们要找的不是老师或者家长,“他们找你是因为他们需要朋友”。
4.F 解析:F项中的answer不仅符合本空前的问句,而且“are not asking you to be a friend”也与本空后的“Instead,they are asking you to be an advisor of some sort”相呼应。
5.D 解析:根据本部分中的“When your love and caring isn’t enough,don’t be afraid to say so”可知,当自己没有时间和精力帮助他人时,“直接说:‘我想在这个问题上我不能再帮你了’”。
Ⅲ.短文改错
(2015山东日照校际联考)
I used to feel I was the sun in my family.But while my cousin was born,everyone pays more attention to her.So I disliked her and couldn’t get along well with her.As time went on,I realized what ridiculous I had been at that time.I tried to find a proper time to apologize.When my cousin’s family came to my home a few day ago,I took my cousin to play outside.In the way to the playground,I had bought many snacks for her.Then we began chat.When we talked about their childhood,suddenly,I said “sorry” gently.She was silently,so I thought that she hadn’t heard me clearly.But after while she said:“Don’t say that.In my memory,you are always friendly.”
答案:
I used to feel I was the sun in my family.But my cousin was born,everyone more attention to her.So I disliked her and couldn’t get along well with her.As time went on,I realized ridiculous I had been at that time.I tried to find a proper time to apologize.When my cousin’s family came to my home a few ago,I took my cousin to play outside.the way to the playground,I
bought many snacks for her.Then we began .When we talked about childhood,suddenly,I said “sorry” gently.She was ,so I thought that she hadn’t heard me clearly.But after while she said,“Don’t say that.In my memory,you are always friendly.”