课后达标检测26 Unit 3 The world of colours and light
(建议用时：70分钟)
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．During the disaster，the most important thing the local government did was to supply ________for the homeless masses.
A．occupation B．furniture
C．equipment
D．accommodation
2．(2015·常德月考)I don’t want to get ________ in some lengthy argument about who is to blame.
A．included
B．involved
C．concerned
D．affected
3．I had hardly got on the train ________ it began to move.
A．than
B．while
C．when
D．as
4．(2015·郴州质检)Everyone who reached the top of Mount Tai was ________with a magnificent view.
A．awarded
B．admired
C．rewarded
D．appreciated
5．Supermarkets now offer a great________of goods to satisfy different needs and________.
A．variety；tastes
B．type；hopes
C．number；smells
D．kind；markets
6．Mary rushed home________she heard the news，only________ that her husband was gone.
A．as soon as；finding
B．immediately；to find
C．the moment；find
D．when；found
7．The scientists are able to________accurately when the spaceship will reach the moon.
A．accumulate
B．calculate
C．appoint
D．estimate
8．More than one hundred and fifty teachers are working hard in our school，________ ages________ twenty－three ________ forty－five.
A．which；range to；between
B．whose；range from；to
C．that；range for；and
D．it；range with；to
9．It’s reported that by the end of this year the output of cars of the factory________by about 20%.
A．will have risen
B．will be raised
C．will rise
D．will have been risen
10．His parents thought only in this way ________ become successful，studying abroad.
A．could Tom
B．Tom could
C．is Tom able to
D．Tom is able to
11．The theme of the painting is too________ for the audience to understand.
A．realistic
B．abstract
C．truly
D．clearly
12．Nowadays with the increasing popularity of cars，people are taking ________ exercise a day as they did in the past.
A．half as much
B．as half as
C．less than half much
D．as half
13．(2015·江苏溧阳中学模拟)So absorbed in his work ________ that not a sound ________.
A．was the president；did she dare to make
B．was the president；dared she to make
C．the president was；she dared make
D．the president was；she did dare to make
14．(2015·江苏盐城中学高三综合测试)________to supporting the growing number of students seeking odd jobs，we will provide them with the information they need.
A．Committing
B．Committed
C．Being committed
D．Having committed
15．If you don’t________ your smoking，I will________ your supply.
A．cut up；cut down
B．cut down；cut off
C．cut in；cut off
D．cut in；cut upⅡ.完形填空
(2015·湖南高考名校联考信息优化卷)Dad was always full of advice. One of the biggest lessons he taught me one summer was about having a strong work ethic (道德模范). When my brother and I were growing up, we mowed (修剪) lawns during the summer to __1__ pocket money.
Every time we went to work, my __2__ was there to watch. I used to wonder why he came with us.
One day we were __3__ our neighbor’s yard. She always waited until the grass was knee－high to call us over. That afternoon, I was finishing the work and was __4__. I was just about to __5__ the mower when I saw Dad pointing to some grass so __6__ that it almost broke the mower. I __7__ him and kept walking. Dad called me __8__， “You missed a piece.”
I frowned, __9__ he would go home. He kept pointing. So worn out and discouraged, I went back to cut that piece of grass. I said to myself, “That one piece isn’t __10__ anyone. Why won’t he just let it go？”
Other neighbors took notice of the good work we did and we soon got more __11__. We started out with one client, but by the end of the summer we had five.
The lesson my dad taught me stayed with me: be __12__. Give your customers the kind of service you would like to receive. It shows how sincere you are and how much pride you take in your work.
1.A.save B．share
C．earn
D．borrow
2．A.dad
B．brother
C．neighbor
D．mother
3．A.visiting
B．cutting
C．cleaning
D．digging
4．A.excited
B．confused
C．frightened
D．tired
5．A.pay for
B．throw away
C．turn off
D．try out
6．A.heavy
B．thick
C．different
D．high
7．A.ignored
B．forgot
C．comforted
D．thanked
8．A.excitedly
B．loudly
C．secretly
D．happily
9．A.pretending
B．admitting
C．hoping
D．believing
10．A.hurting
B．cheating
C．killing
D．attacking
11．A.luck
B．information
C．business
D．advice
12．A.ordinary
B．professional
C．smart
D．outstandingⅢ.语法填空
(2015·湖南高考名校联考信息优化卷)There are a lot of exams, papers and projects to accomplish before the end of the year. So spring fever becomes a common and natural feeling at the end of a term. 1.____________， even when your child is feeling this way, 2.____________ is important to keep your child focused on those last few months of the school year so that their last term is just 3.____________ successful as the first.
Set 4.____________ time for homework and stick to it. Give your child a motivator to get through the rest of the year. If your goal is high grade, tell him he can earn a special treat 5.____________ he brings home good grades 6.____________ his end of year report card. The motivator 7.____________ be a special ice cream on the last day of school, and outing she’s been asking for, 8.____________ a friend sleepover (彻夜狂欢) during the first week of holiday.
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
(2015·湘潭模拟)Some people believe that international sport creates goodwill between the nations and that if countries play games together they will learn to live together.Others say that the opposite is true；that international contests encourage false national pride and lead to misunderstanding and hatred.There is probably some truth in both arguments，but in recent years the Olympic Games have done little to support the view that sports encourage international brotherhood.Not only was there the incident of tragedy involving murder of athletes，but the Games were also ruined by less incidents caused principally by minor national contests.
One country received its second－place medals with visible anger after the hockey final.There had been noisy scenes at the end of the hockey match，the losers objecting to the final decisions.They were convinced that one of their goals should not have been disallowed and that their opponents’
victory was unfair.Their manager was in a rage when he said，“This isn’t hockey.Hockey and the International Hockey Federation are finished.” The president of the Federation said later that such behavior could result in the suspension of the team for at least three years.
The American basketball team announced that they would not yield first place to Russia，after a disputable end to their contest.The game had ended in disorder.It was thought at first that the United States had won by a single point，but it was announced that there were three seconds still to play.A Russian player then threw the ball from one end of the court to the other，and another player popped it into the basket.It was the first time the US had ever lost an Olympic basketball match.An appeal jury(评审委员会)debated the matter for four and a half hours before announcing that the result would stand.The American players then voted not to receive the silver medals.
Incidents of this kind will continue as long as sport is played competitively rather than for the love of the game.The suggestion that athletes should compete as individuals or in non－national teams，might be too much to hope for.But in the present organization of Olympics there is far too much that encourages aggressive patriotism(爱国主义)．
1．The author thinks that in recent years Olympic Games have________.
A．showed little international friendship
B．greatly encouraged international brotherhood
C．created goodwill between the nations
D．created only misunderstanding and hatred
2．What did the manager mean by saying “This isn’t hockey.Hockey and the International Hockey Federation are finished.” in Paragraph 2?
A．This is not a standard hockey match.
B．The federation would not exist any longer after this match was over.
C．His team would not enter the game in three years.
D．The unfair decision ruined both hockey and the Federation.
3．The basketball match showed that________.
A．aggressive patriotism was displayed in the incident
B．the Russian team should not have taken advantage of the last three seconds
C．the appeal jury was too inefficient in making a decision
D．the American team should have taken the first place
4．The author gives two examples in the 2nd and the 3rd paragraphs in order to show that________.
A．contests often end in disorder
B．no contests are fair in the Olympic Games
C．competition discourages international friendship
D．unfair decisions are common in sports
5．Which statement best summarizes this passage?
A．Athletes should compete as individuals.
B．The organization of the Olympic Games must be improved.
C．Any team that has disrespectful behavior should be suspended.
D．Different teams often have disputes when fighting for the first place.
B
Sports account for a growing amount of income made on the sales of commercial time by television companies.Many television companies have used sports to attract viewers from particular sections of the general public，and then they have sold audiences to advertisers.
An attraction of sport programs for the major U．S.media companies is that events are often held on Saturday and Sunday afternoons—the slowest time periods of the week for general television viewing.Sport events are the most popular weekend programs，especially among male viewers who may not watch much television at other times during the week.This means the television networks are able to sell advertising time at relatively high prices during what normally would be dead time for programming.
Media corporations also use sports to attract commercial sponsors that might take their advertising dollars elsewhere if television stations did not report certain sports.The people in the advertising departments of major corporations realize that sports attract male viewers.They also realize that most business travelers are men and that many men make family decisions on the purchases of computers, cars and life insurance.
Golf and tennis are special cases for television programming.These sports attract few viewers, and the ratings(收视率)are unusually low.However, the audience for these sports is attractive to certain advertisers.It is made up of people from the highest income groups in the United States，including many lawyers and business managers.This is why television reporting of golf and tennis is sponsored by companies selling high－priced cars，business and personal computers, and holiday trips .This is also why the networks continue to carry these programs regardless of low ratings.Advertisers are willing to pay high fees to reach high－income consumers and those managers who make decisions to buy thousands of “company cars” and computers.With such viewers, these programs don’t need high ratings to stay on the air.
6．Television sport programs on weekend afternoons________.
A．result in more sport events
B．get more viewers to play sports
C．make more people interested in television
D．bring more money to the television networks
7．Why would weekend afternoons become dead time without sport programs?
A．Because there would be few viewers.
B．Because the advertisers would be off work.
C．Because television programs would go slowly.
D．Because viewers would pay less for watching television.
8．In many families, men make decisions on ________.
A．holiday trips B．sports viewing
C．television shopping
D．expensive purchases
9．The ratings are not important for golf and tennis programs because________.
A．their advertisers are carmakers
B．their viewers are attracted by sports
C．their advertisers target at rich people
D．their viewers can afford expensive cars
10．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Television ratings are determined by male viewers.
B．Rich viewers contribute most to television companies.
C．Sports are gaining importance in advertising on television.
D．Commercial advertisers are the major sponsors of sport events.
Ⅴ.阅读填空
(2015·长沙市重点中学高三月考)The search for sustainable sources of energy has led humans to study the energy potential of the sun and the wind，as well as the huge power created by dammed rivers.For example，it has been estimated that the oceans could provide nearly 3,000 times the energy produced by hydroelectric dams such as Hoover Dam.The oceans，too，represent an impressive source of potential energy.Yet，this source remains quite difficult to make use of.
But this challenge has not prevented scientists from trying.Within the last few decades，several technologies that can transform the ocean’s huge forces into usable electricity have been invented and introduced.Some focus on capturing the power of the changing tides，while others rely on hot energy created by oceans in certain tropical region.However，the most common and easiest technology to develop is that designed to use the power in the ocean’s waves.
The potential benefits of wave－based energy are hard to ignore.Once the proper machinery is produced and fixed，the energy is free.Maintenance costs are small and the equipment does not pose any threats of environmental pollution.And best of all the amounts of energy produced are enormous.
However，these theoretical advantages have yet to be fully realized.In many cases，a lack of government funding has prevented the technologies from advancing.Protecting the equipment from the sea’s destructive forces，as well as the fundamental task of determining appropriate locations for collecting energy，also presents difficult challenges.All in all，while ocean power offers some attractive possibilities，the difficulties involved in using this energy source are substantial and will require more time to overcome.
1.____________
of
sustainable energy The power of the sun, the wind,2.____________
and the oceans
Oceans—an impressive source of sustainable energy
Technologies to transform the ocean’s huge forces ●capturing the power of the changing tides
●3.____________
hot energy created by oceans
●using 4.____________
Possible benefits 7.____________
●5.____________
●small maintenance
costs
●6.____________
●enormous amounts of energy ●8.____________
●protecting the
equipment
●9.____________
Conclusion：We need time to 10.____________
in using ocean power.
Ⅵ.阅读简答
(2015·岳阳高三模拟)Born on Oct.17,1956，in Decatur，Ala.，and raised in Chicago，Jemison was a hard－working child，spending hours in the school library reading about astronomy and other sciences.Her parents—a carpenter father and a teacher mother—encouraged her curiosity，even allowing her to study pus(脓)when she got an infection from a splinter(碎片)．
“It sounds a little sickening，but I was fascinated with pus，”Jemison said during a 1996 interview with Stanford Today.“I ran and showed it to my mother and she was telling me it was pus.And I ended up doing this whole project，reading about pus.”
This desire to learn about nature and how it all fits together eventually led her to pursue a degree in chemical engineering from Stanford University，which she started at 16 years old in 1973.By 1981，Jemison had her Doctor of Medicine Degree from Cornell Medical College.
It wasn’t until 1992，however，that another childhood desire was achieved：She launched into orbit above the earth aboard the space shuttle Endeavour.She was so determined，in fact，that even though her first application to NASA was turned down in 1983，she reapplied in 1987.After being selected for the astronaut program upon her second try，she was assigned to launch support activities at the Kennedy Space Center，Fla.
After working on the ground for five years，Jemison was finally sent into space as the science mission specialist on STS－47 Spacelab－J mission from Sept.12—20,1992.
This mission made Jemison not only the first African American woman accepted to the astronaut training program，but also the first to travel in space.She highlighted this fact，according to Doris L．Rich，the biographer of Bessie Coleman，by bringing a photo of Coleman with her into space.Coleman was the first African－American woman to fly an airplane in the U．S..
1．What are the three qualities that contribute to Jemison’s success？(No more than 5 words)
________________________________________________________________________
2．What made Jemison go to study chemical engineering in Stanford University？(No more than 12 words)
________________________________________________________________________
3．What did Jemison do at the Kennedy Space Center before entering the space？(No more than 5 words)
________________________________________________________________________
4．Who is Coleman？(No more than 15 words)
________________________________________________________________________
课后达标检测26
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．解析：选D。accommodation表示 “住处”，符合语境。occupation意为 “占用”或者“工作，职业”；furniture表示 “家具”；“equipment”表示 “设备，器材”，均不符合题意。
2．解析：选B。句意：我不想卷入谁该承担责任的冗长争论中。include“包括”；concern“涉及；关心”；affect“影响”；get/be involved in 表示“卷入，陷入”，为固定搭配，符合题意。
3．解析：选C。hardly...when为固定搭配。意为“一……就”。
4．解析：选C。考查动词辨析。句意：到达泰山顶部的每个人都能看到壮丽的景观。reward“奖赏；奖励”，多指对某人的工作或服务等的报答，符合语境。award“因……而授予某人……”，通常指正式地或官方地颁发、授予；admire“钦佩；赞美”；appreciate“感激；欣赏”。
5．解析：选A。考查词义辨析。a great variety of“一系列的；多种类的”；different needs and tastes“不同的需求和口味”。
6．解析：选B。 考查状语从句和非谓语动词；第一个空A、B、C项都能选；而第二个空only to find表示“出乎意料之外的结果”。
7．解析：选B。考查动词辨析。句意：科学家们能够准确地推算出宇宙飞船抵达月球的时间。calculate“推算，计算”，符合句意。accumulate“积累，积聚”；appoint“约会，确定”；estimate“估计”。
8．解析：选B。第一个空whose修饰ages并且引导非限制性定语从句；第二、三空考查range from...to...结构的用法。
9．解析：选A。考查时态和语态。时间为by the end of this year，故选用将来完成时态；主语为the output of cars of the factory，动词rise为不及物动词，没有被动语态，故选A。
10．解析：选A。考查倒装用法。句意：汤姆的父母原认为只有用这种方式——到国外学习，汤姆才能成功。当“only＋状语”置于句首时，后面句子的主谓要使用部分倒装，故选择A项。
11．解析：选B。abstract“抽象的，深奥的”。根据句子结构和意思选B。句意：绘画的主题太抽象，观众不能看懂。
12．解析：选A。句意：现在随着汽车的不断普及，人们每天的锻炼量只有原先的一半。根据倍数的表达法，表倍数的词要放在as前，故选A项。
13．解析：选A。so...that...结构中，so...位于句首时，句子须用部分倒装；具有否定意义的副词位于句首时，句子须用部分倒装。
14．解析：选B。committed to doing...“承诺做某事”；形容词短语作状语，说明主语we所处的状态。
15．解析：选B。句意：如果你不减少抽烟，我就切断你的供应量了。cut down“削减”，cut off“切断”。
Ⅱ.完形填空
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。在一个夏天，作者想通过给邻居修割草坪赚些零花钱，在工作的过程中，作者从父亲那里学到了一些工作上的道理。
1．解析：选C。作者和弟弟给邻居修割草坪的目的自然是“挣(earn)”零花钱。
2．解析：选A。由下文的内容可知，每次作者和弟弟去工作时，“父亲(dad)”都在旁边观看。
3．解析：选B。根据上文中出现的“mowed”和“cut”可知，作者是替邻居“割(cutting)”草坪。
4．解析：选D。根据下一段中的“So worn out”可知，作者当时感觉很“累(tired)”。
5．解析：选C。根据上一句中的“I was finishing the work”可知，作者应是要“关上(turn off)”割草机。
6．解析：选D。根据本段第二句中的“the grass was kneehigh”可知，这位邻居家的草很“高(high)”。
7．解析：选A。根据下文中作者的动作“kept walking”及父亲的反应可推测，作者“不理睬(ignored)”父亲继续走。
8．解析：选B。由上一句可知，父亲给作者指出一些草没割，但作者没理父亲，因此这里父亲“大声地(loudly)”叫住了作者。
9．解析：选C。作者皱眉是因为不想去处理那块漏掉的草坪，所以作者“希望(hoping)”父亲回家，这样他就可以偷懒了。
10．解析：选A。从后面的“Why won’t he just let it go？”可知，作者感觉到没有必要再去修割漏掉的草了，因为那些草也不会伤害到(hurting)谁。
11．解析：选C。根据下一句“We started out with one client, but by the end of the summer we had five.”可知，作者兄弟俩的出色工作被其他邻居注意到了，所以他们得到了更多的“生意(business)”。
12．解析：选B。从前面父亲的要求来看，父亲要求作者在做任何工作的时候都要“专业(professional)”。
Ⅲ.语法填空
【解题导语】 在期末时总要面对各种各样的考试，这让孩子们很头疼。当你的孩子遇到这种情况时，你该怎么帮助孩子应对这种局面呢？作者给出了一些建议。
1．解析：考查副词。根据上下文意思可知，此处应填一个表述转折关系的副词。故用However。
答案：However
2．解析：考查代词。空处作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式，故用it。
答案：it
3．解析：考查形容词的比较等级。根据空后面的successful as the first可知，此处应填as。as...as“像……一样”。
答案：as
4．解析：考查冠词。这里表示泛指，所以填a。
答案：a
5．解析：考查从属连词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导一个条件状语从句，故填if。
答案：if
6．解析：考查介词。成绩单上的成绩应该用介词on。
答案：on
7．解析：考查情态动词根据后面的多种选择可知，此处是表示一种可能性，故填can。
答案：can
8．解析：考查连词。根据上下文可知，此处应用一个表示选择关系的并列连词，故应用or。
答案：or
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
【解题导语】 这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。通过一次曲棍球和一次篮球赛所出现的两队之间的纷争的事实，说明了比赛者已不是本着体育精神去进行比赛，而是为爱国主义从而导致不愉快的事件发生。
1．解析：选A。推理判断题。从第一段中“...the Olympic Games have done little to support the view that sports encourage international brotherhood.”可知。
2．解析：选D。语意理解题。这件事过后曲棍球联合会依然存在，但这次不公正的比赛损害了曲棍球运动和联合会的名声，使真正意义上的曲棍球和其联合会都不复存在了。
3．解析：选A。细节理解题。原文列举的美俄篮球比赛的例子并未表明谁是谁非，作者只是要说明挑衅性的爱国主义会导致不愉快的事件发生。
4．解析：选C。细节理解题。作者列举两个例子是为了说明第一段的观点“...in recent years the Olympic Games have done little to support the view that sports encourage international brotherhood.”其他三个选项都过于绝对，以偏概全。
5．解析：选B。主旨大意题。本文主要说明奥运比赛的组织方式必须改进，以防过于狭隘的爱国心扭曲了奥运的真正意义。其他选项显然不是文章的大意。
B
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。讲述了体育赛事与电视台吸引观众以及广告收入方面的问题。周末赛事吸引了大批的观众，因此广告公司意识到吸引男性观众的重要性，因为在一些重大的购买方面的决定通常都是由男性做出的。高尔夫球赛和网球赛则吸引了大批高收入人群观看。
6．解析：选D。细节理解题。由第二段中This means the television networks are able to sell advertising time at relatively high prices during what normally would be dead time for programming.可知，television networks赚了更多的钱。
7．解析：选A。推理判断题。由第二段可知，周末赛事吸引了大批男性观众，他们在工作时间不看太多的电视，因此大都在周末看体育赛事，因此没有体育赛事当然就少很多观众了。
8．解析：选D。细节理解题。由第三段中They also realize that most business travelers are men and that many men make family decisions on the purchases of computers，cars and life insurance.可知，男性在家庭中做出一些重大的购买决定。
9．解析：选C。推理判断题。由最后一段可知，高尔夫球赛和网球赛的观众大都是高收入人群，它们的广告瞄准(target at)的是rich people，所以收视率低没有关系。
10．解析：选C。主旨大意题。本文主要是讲体育赛事决定电视台的收视率，从而也决定了电视广告的收入，再根据主题句(topic sentence)第一段第一句Sports account for a growing amount of income made on the sales of commercial time by television companies.可知选C项。
Ⅴ.阅读填空
1．Sources 2.(the) dammed rivers 3.relying on 4.wavebased power/ocean wave power 5.free energy 6.no environmental pollution 7.Challenges
8．lacking government funding 9.determining appropriate locations 10.overcome the difficulties
Ⅵ.阅读简答
1．Curious，hardworking and determined.
2．The desire to learn about nature and how it all fits together.
3．She launched support activities.
4．She was the first AfricanAmerican woman to fly an airplane in the U．S..