Module 1 British and American English
一、单句填空
1.When we finally (manage) to get home after the tiring long journey,we could hardly move a step further.
2.It rained heavily in the south in the summer of 2017, (cause) serious flooding in several provinces.
3.All the people (present) at the party were his supporters.
4.The (confuse)look on Tom’s face suggested that he hadn’t quite understood his manager’s idea.
5.Do you have much difficulty making yourself (understand)while talking with an American?
6.(2017浙江乐青中学第一次月考,7)—You seem busy these days.
—Yes.I’m looking for a house.It’s really not easy to find with four bedrooms.
7.(2017山东诸城繁华中学检测,24)Most people on this island are recreational fishers,and (obvious),fishing forms an actual part of their leisure time.
8.(2017山东临清三中11月检测,23)The old engineer’s eyes still shone bright in the wrinkled brown face and his step as he came across the room was (steadily),though slow.
9.(2017江西南昌二中期中,22)—Which of the two poems do you like better?
— shorter one,of course.I think it’s really most interesting one.
10. (compare)the youth to the rising sun at 8 or 9 am,Mao Zedong expressed his great hope for the young.
二、语法填空
As my daughter and I parked in front of our local grocery store,under the eaves in front of us were a 1 (home)gentleman and his dog.
I had decided upon 2 (enter)the store that the least I could do was buy lunch for the gentleman and food and water for his dog.While at the checkout I noticed the man in the store trying to calculate what he could get with the change someone 3 (give)him while I had been inside.
My first 4 (think)was I knew who was watching his dog.Sure enough as I exited there was my very shy daughter,keeping 5 eye on and playing with his dog.The gentleman came out shortly after me and was 6 (surprise)to see that he had lunch waiting,and 7 I had already fed his dog.
He thanked 8 of us.I nodded and said that in these times we all need help of some kind and that 9 (hopeful)there will always be someone there to do so when we each need it.
As we were leaving he yelled “God Bless”to us.I’m not sure which smile touched my heart 10 (much)—his,my daughter’s or the dog Buddy’s.Anyway,that day blessed my heart three times.
1.2.3.4.5.
6.7.8.9.10.
三、完形填空
When I entered Berkeley,I hoped to earn a scholarship.Having been a Straight-A student,I believed I could 1 tough subjects and really learn something.One such course was World Literature given by Professor Jayne.I was extremely interested in the ideas he 2 in class.
When I took the first exam,I was 3 to find a 77,C-plus,on my test paper, 4 English was my best subject.I went to Professor Jayne,who listened to my arguments but remained 5 .
I decided to try harder,although I didn’t know what that 6 because school had always been easy for me.I read the books more carefully,but got another 77.Again,I 7 with Professor Jayne.Again,he listened patiently but wouldn’t change his 8 .
One more test before the final exam.One more 9 to improve my grade.So I redoubled my efforts and,for the first time, 10 the meaning of the word“thorough”.But my 11 did no good and everything 12 as before.
The last hurdle(障碍)was the final.No matter what 13 I got,it wouldn’t cancel three C-pluses.I might as well kiss the 14 goodbye.
I stopped working hard.I felt I knew the course material as well as I ever would.The night before the final,I even 15 myself to a movie.The next day I decided for once I’d have 16 with a test.
A week later,I was surprised to find I got an A.I hurried into Professor Jayne’s office.He 17 to be expecting me.“If I gave you the As you 18 ,you wouldn’t continue to work as hard.”
I stared at him, 19 that his analysis and strategy(策略)were correct.I had worked my head 20 ,as I had never done before.
I was speechless when my course grade arrived:A-plus.It was the only A-plus given.The next year I received my scholarship.I’ve always remembered Professor Jayne’s lesson:you alone must set your own standard of excellence.
1.A.take B.discuss C.cover D.get
2.A.sought B.presented C.exchanged D.obtained
3.A.shocked B.worried C.scared D.anxious
4.A.but B.so C.for D.or
5.A.unchanged B.unpleasant
C.unfriendly D.unmoved
6.A.reflected B.meant C.improved D.affected
7.A.quarreled B.reasoned
C.bargained D.chatted
8.A.attitude B.mind C.plan D.view
9.A.choice B.step C.chance D.measure
10.A.memorized B.considered
C.accepted D.learned
11.A.ambition B.confidence
C.effort D.method
12.A.stayed B.went C.worked D.changed
13.A.grade B.answer C.lesson D.comment
14.A.scholarship B.course
C.degree D.subject
15.A.helped B.favored
C.treated D.relaxed
16.A.fun B.luck
C.problems D.tricks
17.A.happened B.proved
C.pretended D.seemed
18.A.valued B.imagined
C.expected D.welcomed
19.A.remembering B.guessing
C.supposing D.realizing
20.A.out B.over
C.on D.off
四、阅读理解
(2017山东济南一中等四校期中联考,C)
How did your friendships begin? Most start with a short conversation on a random day.Asking about a homework assignment in class or complaining about your painful legs after playing in a soccer game,you found your best pal by accident.
“Small talk is where all your relationships begin,” Forbes magazine summed up.
The following is a five-step guide to making small talk from Bernardo J.Carducci,the director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast,US.Let?s have a look.
①Getting started
Begin by talking about the setting,such as the weather outside or the room you are in(“It’s cold in here,isn’t it?”).The purpose of talking about the setting is to show the other person that you are willing to make a conversation.
②The personal introduction
You should mention something about yourself,such as your name.A good personal introduction helps move the conversation forward.
③Looking for topics
At this point,you and your conversation partner need to find common ground.This is a good time to ask questions or to refer to things you’ve said or heard earlier.Don’t worry if it gets quiet.The other person is probably just thinking of something to say.
④Expanding the topic
The goal is to keep the conversation going.At every stage,you should be careful not to talk too much.But don’t let the other person dominate the conversation either.If that starts to happen,mention something about yourself when he or she takes a breath.
⑤A polite ending
When ending a conversation,let the person know you’ll be leaving soon,express gratitude for the conversation and set the stage for a future conversation.For example,you could say,“I really must be going soon,but I had a great time chatting with you.I really liked hearing your opinion about that new movie.Here’s my phone number.Call or text me if you know of any other movies you think I might enjoy.”
1.According to the article,starting by talking about the setting is meant to .
A.find common ground B.impress the other person
C.make a conversation
D.make the room warmer
2.Which tip is about dealing with silent moments?
A.Tip①. B.Tip③. C.Tip④. D.Tip⑤.
3.What does the underlined word “dominate” mean in Tip④?
A.Interrupt. B.Control. C.Adapt. D.Simplify.
4.When ending a conversation,you’d better .
A.talk about how much you want to keep talking
B.show that you didn’t enjoy the talk
C.mention a specific movie that you love
D.give your opinion about the other person’s earlier comments
5.The main purpose of the article is to .
A.encourage students to make more friends
B.give students tips on making small talk
C.introduce popular topics to students
D.teach students how to create their friendships
一、单句填空
1.managed 句意:当我们结束累人的长途旅行最终回到家时几乎一步也走不了了。考查动词时态。manage to do sth.设法做成某事,结合句意可知应用一般过去时态。
2.causing 句意:2017年夏天南方的大雨造成了数个省份的洪灾。考查非谓语动词。此处是现在分词短语作结果状语。
3.present 句意:所有出席宴会的人都是他的拥护者。“present at the party”作后置定语,意为“出席宴会的”。
4.confused 句意:汤姆脸上困惑的表情表明他不太明白经理的想法。the confused look表示“困惑的表情”。
5.understood 句意:当你和一个美国人交谈时,让他听懂你说的话有很大困难吗?考查非谓语动词作宾补。make oneself understood使某人自己被理解。
6.one 句意:——近来你好像很忙。——是啊。我正在找房子呢。找一套有四间卧室的房子真不容易。根据语境可知此处表示泛指,代词one相当于a house。
7.obviously 句意:这个岛上的大多数人都是些会享受的渔民,很明显,捕鱼成了他们闲暇时间的一个不可或缺的组成部分。考查副词。此处需要用副词来修饰后面整个句子,obviously明显地、显然。
8.steady 句意:这位老工程师布满皱纹的棕色的脸上一双眼睛仍然炯炯有神,他走过房间的步伐尽管慢但是坚定稳固。 考查形容词。分析句子结构可知系动词was后面要跟形容词作表语。steady稳定的、稳固的。
9.The;a 句意:——这两首诗中你更喜欢哪一首?——当然是那首短点的了。我认为那真的是一首非常有趣的诗。考查冠词。第一个空表示:两者中较……的一个,用the+比较级;第二个空表示:非常有趣的,而不是最高级含义,应该用不定冠词。
10.Comparing 句意:毛泽东把年轻人比作早上八九点钟正在升起的太阳,由此表达了他对年轻人的殷切希望。考查非谓语动词作状语。空格处的compare与Mao Zedong之间是主动关系,应该用v.-ing形式。
二、语法填空
[语篇解读] 本文为一篇记叙文,讲述了作者与女儿两人帮助一个无家可归的人和他的宠物狗的善良行为,而且自己也得到了祝福,表达了作者希望人们能在他人困难的时候伸出援助之手,互相温暖、祝福的心愿。
1.homeless 考查形容词。应用形容词修饰gentleman,所以应用homeless。
2.entering 考查非谓语动词。upon为介词,其后应加动名词。
3.had given 考查动词时态。句意:当我结账时,我注意到那个人正在努力地计算能用他的零钱买些什么,那些零钱是当我在杂货店里面时有人给他的。“给零钱”的动作发生在“注意到”之前,所以应用过去完成时态。误解分析:此处容易忽视两个动作的先后关系,而导致用一般过去时。要注意英语中的“过去的过去”应用过去完成时态。
4.thought 考查名词。句意:我的第一个想法是我知道谁正在照看他的狗。此处需要用名词作主语。
5.an 考查冠词。keep an eye on 固定短语,意为“照看;留意;密切注视”。
6.surprised 考查形容词。此处指那个人出来后惊讶地看到有为他买好的午餐。表示人的感受,用-ed结尾的形容词。
7.that 考查宾语从句。see的后面有两个宾语从句,两个或者两个以上的宾语从句中,第二个及以后的宾语从句的连接词that不能省略。
8.both 考查代词。此处指我和女儿,所以是both。
9.hopefully 考查副词。此处副词作句子的状语。句意:……希望当我们每个人需要帮助时,总有人在那里伸出援助之手。
10.most 考查副词最高级。句意:我不确定哪一个微笑更能打动我的心——流浪者的,女儿的或者是宠物狗Buddy的。
三、完形填空
[语篇解读] 作者讲述了初到柏克莱学校的经历:开始时自信,即便对较难的课程也能应付自如,但从第一次考试以后,他却屡战屡败……当作者认定怎样努力都无济于事时,期末考试却意外得了A。这时作者意识到前三次不理想的成绩是教授促使他刻苦学习的一种手段。
1.A take修、学习(某学科)。作者相信他能选择一些较难的学科并且真正学到东西。C项意为“覆盖,采访,走过……距离”,干扰性最大。
2.B present提出,表达。作者对教授在课堂上提出的观点很感兴趣。sought为seek的过去式,意为“寻找,寻求”。exchange交换,交流;obtain获得,均不符合题意。
3.A shocked吃惊的。根据上文,作者刚入学时就充满信心并且自己以前考试一直得A,所以当他发现第一次考试得了个C+时感到非常吃惊。
4.C for在此意为“因为”。for为连词,作者对考试得C+感到很吃惊,因为英语是他(学得)最好的学科。
5.D unmoved无动于衷的。作者去找教授理论,教授听后却无动于衷。remain为系动词,与unmoved构成系表结构。情感上的不变化一般不用unchanged;B、C选项不符合语境。
6.B mean意味着,产生……结果。作者决定更加努力学习,虽然他不知道这意味着什么。reflect反映;improve改进,提高;affect影响,根据语境可知A、C、D三项均不恰当。
7.B 由空前的Again可知,“我”再次与他理论。reason with与……评理/讲道理。quarrel争吵;bargain讲价;chat聊天,均不符合语境。
8.B change one’s mind改变主意、想法。作者找教授理论,教授耐心听了但没有改变主意。attitude态度,它是最大干扰项,根据上文作者第一次找教授谈话,教授无动于衷,并没表现出对此事的态度,可排除此项。plan计划;view观点,均不符合语境。
9.C 期末考试之前又一次测试,作者认为这是又一次提高分数的机会。step脚步,步骤;choice选择;measure计量标准。
10.D 作者第一次认识到thorough(透彻的)这一词的真正含义。memorize记住;consider考虑;accept接受。
11.C 上文提到作者加倍努力学习,但他的努力没有带来任何好的结果。ambition抱负,雄心;confidence信心;method方法。
12.B 作者努力学习,但一切都像以前一样。
13.A 无论作者得多少分,都不会抹去他得到的3个C+的阴影。answer答案,回答;lesson课;comment评论,均不符合语境。
14.A 作者入学之初就希望获得奖学金,但这时他几乎想与奖学金说再见了。course课程;degree学位;subject科目,根据语境可知选A。
15.C help oneself to sth.随便取/用某物;treat sb.to sth.以/用……款待某人;relax oneself放松自己。根据句意选C。
16.A have fun=enjoy oneself心情愉快/玩得高兴;have luck有运气;trick计谋,戏法。第二天决定再次心情愉快地参加考试。
17.D 他好像正在等“我”。happen to碰巧;prove证明;pretend假装。根据句意选D。
18.C 如果我当时给你你所期待的A,你就不会(像以前)一样努力学习了。A项干扰性最大,value重视,珍视,不符合语境。
19.D “我”盯着他,意识到他的分析和策略是对的。
20.D work off消除;work out计算出,解出;work over拷问;work on 从事于,致力于。作者在最后一次考试之前已经做出了最大努力,这是他以前从没有做过的。
四、阅读理解
[语篇解读] 本文就学生们如何建立友谊提出了5条建议。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第一条建议中的you are willing to make a conversation可知我们这样做是为了开始交谈。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第三条建议中的Don’t worry if it gets quiet.可知答案为B项。
3.B 词义猜测题。由上下文意可知:不要说得太多,但是也不能让对方控制了这次交谈,所以答案为B项。
4.A 推理判断题。根据第五条建议中的set the stage for a future conversation以及后面的举例我们知道,在结束这次交谈时,要让对方知道你很愿意以后继续和对方交谈,故选A项。
5.D 主旨大意题。根据文章第一句话How did your friendships begin?以及后面围绕该问题所做的描述可知,本文的写作目的就是教学生们如何建立友谊。