语法填空
(一)
(2015·课标全国Ⅰ)
Yangshuo，China
It was raining lightly when I __1__(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didn't care.A few hours __2__，I'd been at home in Hong Kong，with __3__(it) choking smog.Here，the air was clean and fresh，even with the rain.
I'd skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River __4__are pictured by artists in so many Chinese __5__(painting)．Instead，I'd headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin，it's only an hour away __6__ car and offers all the scenery of the betterknown city.
Yangshuo __7__ (be) really beautiful.A study of travelers __8__(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.Abercrombie & Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it __9__ (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people __10__ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
文章大意：作者到阳朔一游，深感世界十大观光旅游胜地之一的阳朔名副其实，美不胜收。
1．答案：arrived 考查动词时态。句意为：当我正好在拂晓前到达阳朔时，天空正下着小雨。该空是when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词，根据主句中的was raining可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填arrived。
2．答案：before/earlier 考查副词。句意为：几个小时前我还在香港的家，呼吸着令人窒息的烟雾。本句的谓语had been暗示了本句描述的是作者在到达阳朔几个小时之前的事情，所以该空应是时间状语，要用副词，故填before或earlier。
3．答案：its 考查代词。句意见上一题解析。smog是名词，所以要用代词it的形容词性物主代词来修饰，故填its。
4．答案：that/which 考查定语从句。句意为：我没有去附近的桂林，那是游客尽览灰岩群峰和漓江绿水的梦幻之境，是被艺术家在许多国画中描绘的地方。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词指物，且定语从句中缺少主语，故填that或which。
5．答案：paintings 考查名词单复数。句意见上一题解析。painting是可数名词，many修饰可数名词复数，故填paintings。
6．答案：by 考查介词。句意为：对于那些乘坐飞机去桂林的人来说，(乘汽车去阳朔)只需要一个小时的路程，而且(阳朔)这里有(桂林)这座更著名城市的所有的景色。by car为固定搭配，意为“乘汽车”，故填by。
7．答案：is 考查动词时态。句意为：阳朔真的很美。此处是作者对阳朔的介绍说明，再结合下文时态可知，此处应用一般现在时，故填is。
8．答案：conducted 考查非谓语动词。句意为：在Trip Advisor网站所做的一份游客调查中，阳朔被确定为世界十大(旅游)目的地之一。本句的谓语动词是names，by the website TripAdvisor是分词短语作后置定语，修饰study，study和conduct之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故填过去分词conducted。
9．答案：regularly 考查副词。句意为：香港的一家旅游公司Abercrombie &
Kent说，该公司经常在阳朔为上海人和香港人安排方便的度假。该空修饰动词arrange，所以要用副词，故填regularly。
10．答案：living 考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。该句的谓语动词是arranges，所以此处应是非谓语动词；people和live之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词形式作people的后置定语，故填living。
(二)
(2015·广东)
Mr.Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children.He owned __1__farm，which looked almost abandoned.__1__(lucky)，he also had a cow which produced milk every day.He sold
or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby __3__other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what __4__(leave)．The
cow was their only means of support，in fact.One day，the cow was eating grass __5__it began to rain heavily.While making great efforts to run away，she __6__(fall) over the hill and died.Then the Johnsons had to make a living __7__the cow.In order to support his family，Mr.Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables.Since the plants took a while to grow，he started cutting down trees __8__(sell)the wood.Thinking about his children's clothes，he
started growing cotton too.When harvest came around，he was already selling herbs，vegetables and cotton in the market __9__people from the towns met regularly.Now it occurred to__10__that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。约翰逊先生一家人在几乎荒废的农场里，靠一头奶牛产的奶维持生活。一次意外奶牛死了，为了一家人的生活，他不得不开发农场，种药草和蔬菜，还砍树去集市上卖木头。上帝在给他关上了一扇门的时候，又给他打开了一扇窗。
1．答案：a 考查冠词。句意为：他有一个几乎荒废的农场。此处farm第—次出现，表泛指，故用不定冠词a。
2．答案：Luckily 考查词性转换。由语境可知，对于约翰逊一家来说，农场几乎荒废，但是还有一头每天产奶的奶牛，所以他们应该是幸运的。修饰一整句话作状语，应用副词形式。
3．答案：for 考查介词。句意为：他会到附近的镇上，用牛奶换些其他食物，并用剩下的牛奶为家人做些奶酪和黄油。exchange...for...为固定搭配，意为“用……换……”。
4．答案：was left 考查动词时态及语态。此处what引导宾语从句，作介词with的宾语。what在从句中作主语，与leave之间为被动关系，应该用被动语态。又因为全文的时态为一般过去时，故填was left。
5．答案：when 考查连词。句意为：一天，这头奶牛正在吃草，突然下起了大雨。was doing sth. when...是固定结构，意为“正在做某事，这时……”。
6．答案：fell 考查动词的时态。句意为：在努力逃跑的时候，奶牛摔下了山，死了。全文使用的是一般过去时，故此处填过去式fell。
7．答案：without 考查介词。根据上文可知，奶牛在慌忙躲雨的时候，不小心摔死了，因此约翰逊一家开始了没有奶牛的生活。故填without。
8．答案：to sell 考查非谓语动词。表示砍伐树木的目的，用动词不定式作目的状语。
9．答案：where 考查定语从句。句中的the market是先行词，引导词在定语从句中作地点状语，故用where。
10．答案：him 考查代词。It occurred to sb. that...是固定句型，因此此处应填代词，指代约翰逊先生，故填him。
(三)
(2017·课标全国Ⅱ)
One morning，I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about__1__(be) late for school.There were many people waiting at the bus stop，__2__some of them looked very anxious and__3___(disappoint)．When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board.I got a place next__4__the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk.A boy on a bike__5__(catch) my attention.He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused__6__(stop) until we reached the next stop.Still, the boy kept__7__(ride)．He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting.Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus.I heard an excited conversation.Then the driver stood up and asked, “__8__ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh dear! It’s__9__(I)．” She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully.Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers __10__(sudden) became friendly to one another.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
文章大意：本文讲述作者在上学途中遇到的一件事。一个男孩为了归还一名乘客落下的手提箱，骑车追了公交车一站路。车上的每个人都对此事感触颇多。
1．答案：being 考查非谓语动词。句意为：一天早上，我正在等公交车，担心上学会迟到。介词后面用名词或动名词作宾语，故填being。
2．答案：and 考查连词。句意为：有很多人在车站等车，而且其中一些人看起来很焦急、很沮丧。设空处连接两个句子，表示顺承关系，故填and。
3．答案：disappointed 考查词性转换。and前后词性一致，应为形容词而且主语为人，故此空填过去分词形式的形容词disappointed，意为“感到沮丧的”。
4．答案：to 考查固定搭配。句意为：我呆在一个挨着窗户的地方……next to为固定短语，意为“紧挨着”，故填介词to。
5．答案：caught 考查时态。句意为：一个骑车的男孩引起了我的注意。文章在讲述一件往事，要用一般过去时，故填caught。
6．答案：to stop 考查非谓语动词。句意为：……但司机坚持要到下一站才停车。refuse后接动词不定式作宾语，意为“拒绝做某事”。
7．答案：riding 考查非谓语动词。句意为：然而，男孩仍在继续骑车。keep后接动名词作宾语，意为“继续做某事”，故填riding。
8．答案：Did 考查时态。句意为：有人在上一站丢了一个手提箱吗？表示过去发生的事，用一般过去时；而且句子是一般疑问句，故填Did。
9．答案：me/mine 考查代词。此句可以理解为“是我(丢了箱子)”，故填人称代词宾格me；也可以理解为“是我的(箱子)”，故填名词性物主代词mine。
10．答案：suddenly 考查词性转换。句意为：……这群陌生人突然变得彼此友好起来。修饰动词became要用副词形式，故填suddenly。
(四)
(2017·广东)
Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation.Some of my friends who had been there before said__1__ was a wonderful holiday destination.Before we went, we had planned for months.When the day came, we were ready.
After our plane landed, we went to the hotel.We had made our reservation six months__2__(early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.We __3__(tell)that our rooms hadn't been reserved for that week, __4__ for the week after.I didn't understand __5__ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged__6__ the reservation.What's worse, the hotel had been fully booked.When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out.She was __7__(surprise)helpful.She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on __8__ top floor.We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren't charged extra.
The next day, my brother and I went to the beach __9__ we watched some people play volleyball.We got a little__10__(sunburn)，but the day had been so relaxing that we didn't mind.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
文章大意：本文讲述了“我”和弟弟去迈阿密旅行所遇到的意外和惊喜。
1．答案：it 考查代词。句意为：曾经去过迈阿密的一些朋友说那里是一个非常棒的度假胜地。设空处指代上文提到的Miami，故填it。
2．答案：earlier 考查固定用法。句意为：我们提前六个月就预订好了酒店，但是前台工作人员告诉我们出了点差错。本句出现了过去完成时，可以断定此处指六个月之前就预订好了宾馆。earlier意为“提早的”，在此修饰six months。
3．答案：were told 考查动词的时态和语态。句意为：我们被告知预订的房间不在那个星期，而在下一个星期。主语we和动词tell之间为被动关系，且文章主要时态是过去时，故填were told。
4．答案：but 考查固定用法。句意见上题解析。not...but...为固定结构，意为“不是……而是……”。故填but。
5．答案：why 考查名词性从句。句意为：我不明白为什么会发生这样的事情，而且我的信用卡也早已因预订扣了款。根据句意可知填why，引导宾语从句。
6．答案：for 考查固定搭配。句意见上题解析。charge sb./sth.for sth.为固定短语，意为“因……而向某人/物收取费用”。故填for。
7．答案：surprisingly 考查词性转换。句意为：她出人意料地给我们提供了帮助。修饰形容词helpful应用副词形式，故填surprisingly。
8．答案：the 考查冠词。句意为：经理向我们道歉并把一间备用的顶楼的VIP房间给了我们。此处特指“最高层”。故填the。
9．答案：where 考查定语从句。句意为：第二天，我和弟弟去了海边，在那里看人们打排球。由句子结构可知设空处引导定语从句。先行词是地点名词beach，定语从句中缺少地点状语，故填where。
10．答案：sunburnt/sunburned 考查非谓语动词。句意为：虽然有点晒伤，但是那一天我们过得非常惬意，根本不在乎这一点小事。动词用于get之后常用过去分词形式，表被动。故填sunburnt或sunburned。