③Jane, a young nurse, was very upset when she ________ her first operation. ④The famous university in China runs a course ________ adults to return to the labor market. 答案：①assistant ②assistance ③assisted ④to assist 2．acquire vt. 获得；取得；学到 归纳拓展 (1)acquire sth.(from sb.)(从某人那里)获得；买到；取得；学到 acquire a taste for sth.开始喜欢某事 acquire a knowledge of... 获得……知识 acquire the habit(of doing sth.)养成(做某事的)习惯 an acquired taste养成的爱好 (2)acquisition n. 取得；获得 答案：①acquired ②acquired a good knowledge of
(2)根据语境用inform的适当形式完成下列小片段。 My boss is on business.Before leaving, he asked me to pay attention to the latest ①________ about the new product iPhone 5c. It's said that Jenny is well ②________ and one of my tasks was to keep him ③________ if Jenny calls me. 答案：(1)①inform us of ②keep us informed (2)①information ②informed ③informed
4．case n. 事例；情况；案例；病例 归纳拓展 in case(连词)以防；倘若 in case(副词)万一……的话；以防；免得 in case of如果；万一……的话 in that/this case在那样/这样的情况下 in no case决不 in any case无论如何 as is often the case这是常有的事 a small case小事一桩
辨析 in case/in case of/in the case of 词汇 用法 in case 用作连词，引导条件或目的状语从句，表示“万一；以防；倘若；免得”之意。用作副词位于句末，意为“以防万一” in case of 是介词短语，后接名词或代词。位于句首意为“万一”“假设”，位于句末意为“以防” in the case of 是介词短语，后接名词、代词、动名词，意为“对于；至于” (2)用case的相关词语完成下列小片段。 ①______________(这是常有的事), fire breaks out because of carelessness. ②______________(在那种情况下), remember to keep calm. ③______________(决不能) can you jump from the top of a high building, which is dangerous. You may call 119 or 110 ④______________(万一发生) emergency and try to take some effective measures before the arrival of rescue ⑤______________ (以防) you get burnt.
答案：(1)in case it rains (2)①As is often the case ②In that case ③In no case ④in case of ⑤in case
5．demand n. 需求；要求 vt. 强烈要求 归纳拓展 (1)demand to do sth.要求做某事 demand that ... 要求…… demand sth. of/from sb.向某人要求某物 (2)be in(great)demand(迫切)需求 meet/satisfy one's demands 满足某人的需求 (3)demanding adj. 要求苛刻的
辨析 demand/require/request 词汇 用法 demand 一般指理直气壮地提出强烈要求，或坚持不让对方拒绝的要求 require 强调根据事业、需要或纪律、法律等而提出的要求 request 正式用词，指非常正式而有礼貌的请求或恳求，多含因种种原因担心对方不能答应的意味
③The boss ________ ________ ________ ________ of everything. 老板要求被告知每一件事。 ④The manager demanded that Tom ________to Paris at once. 经理要求汤姆立刻飞往巴黎。 ⑤The customer ________ a reasonable explanation ________ the supermarket. 那名顾客要求超市给一个合理的解释。
(2)完成句子。 由于干燥的天气，这些植物需要大量的水分。 ①To these plants, water ________ ________ ________ ________ because of the dry weather. (demand n．) ②Because of the dry weather, these plants ________ ________ ________ ________ badly. (demand v．)
(3)一句多译。 人们强烈要求应该严厉处罚那些酒后驾驶者。 ①________________________________________________ _________________________________(demand＋从句) ②________________________________________________ _________________________(demand of sb. to do sth.)
答案：(1)①in great demand ②meet/satisfy the customers' demand ③demanded to be informed ④fly ⑤demanded；from/of (2)①is in great demand ②demand to be watered (3)①People demand that those drunkdrivers(should) be punished seriously. ②People demand of those drunkdrivers to be punished seriously.
6．approve vt. 赞成；认可；批准 归纳拓展 (1)approve sth.批准；(通过)某事 approve of sb./sth.赞成；(赞同)某人/某事 approve of sb. doing sth.赞同某人做某事 be approved获准；得以通过 (2)approval n. 赞成；赞许；批准 答案：①be approved ②approval ③disapproval ④joining 1.depend on依靠；依赖 归纳拓展 depend on sb.依靠某人 depend on sth.依靠；依……而定 depend on it that ... 指望…… depend on sb. to do sth.依靠某人做某事 That depends./It all depends.这很难说。/得看情况。
类似短语： rely on依靠 insist on坚持 call on呼吁；号召 get on上车；相处 concentrate/focus on集中精力于 congratulate on祝贺 look on旁观 put on上演；穿上 go/keep on继续 shouted the crowd. Tim came up to the thief and knocked him down. People ⑦________(祝贺) him and said he was a hero. The driver ⑧________(坚持) Tim's behavior deserving our respect and ⑨________(号召) us to learn from him.
答案：①got on ②concentrated/focused on ③put on ④looked on ⑤rely on ⑥went on; ⑦congratulated on ⑧insisted on ⑨called on
2．accuse ... of ... 指责/控告某人…… 归纳拓展 accuse sb. of doing sth.＝charge sb.with doing sth.控告某人做某事 答案：①was accused ②Accused 1.Never will Zhou Yang(ZY)forget his first assignment at the office ... 周阳永远不会忘记他的第一项工作任务……。 因表否定意义的副词never放在了句首，本句使用了部分倒装结构。 归纳拓展 表否定意义的副词，如never, seldom, little, hardly, rarely, scarcely, not, no, neither, nor等位于句首时，句子要使用部分倒装结构。
③Not a single mistake ________ ________ ________ in yesterday's exam. 在昨天的考试中他没有犯一个错误。 ④________ ________ ________ ________ ________ on the stage when the audience rose and cheered. 歌星一登上舞台观众就站起来欢呼。 答案：①have they quarrelled ②will I team up with him ③did he make ④Hardly had the singer appeared
2．Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick? 你有没有过这样的情况：别人控告你的记者，说他的报道失实呢？ 本句中的where引导定语从句，修饰先行词case。 归纳拓展 英语中某些抽象地点名词，如case, stage, situation, position, condition, point, activity, system等，后接定语从句时，关系词常用where。 答案：①where ②where ③where ④where 基础知识巩固 第一部分 必修五 路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索 走向高考 · 英语 人教版 · 高考总复习 Unit 4 Making the news 必修五 第一部分 基础知识聚焦 考点探究演练 2 基础知识巩固 3 基础知识晨记 1 基础知识晨记 Ⅰ.单词速记 A．快速识记 1．__________ vt.加工；处理 n．过程；程序；步骤 2．__________ adv.故意地 →__________ adj.故意的 3．__________ adj.有天赋的 →__________ n．天赋；礼物 4．__________ n．罪行；犯罪 →__________ n．罪犯；犯人 5．__________v．集中；聚集 →_____________ n．集中；集合 process deliberately deliberate gifted gift crime criminal concentrate concentration 6．__________ vt.评估；评定 →__________ n．评估；评定；估价 7．__________ vt.获得；取得；学到 →__________ n．获得；获得物 8．__________ adj.彻底的；详尽的 →__________ adv.彻底地；完全地 9．__________ adj.内疚的；有罪的 →_____________ n．惭愧；内疚；罪行 10．__________ vt.控告；谴责；指责 →__________ n．控告；谴责；指责 assess assessment acquire acquisition thorough thoroughly guilty guilt/guiltiness accuse accusation 11．__________ vt.出版；发行；发表；公布 →____________ n．出版；发表 →____________ n．出版商；发行人 12．__________ vt.赞成；认可；批准 →____________ n．赞成；认可；批准 13．__________ n．专业；职业 →____________ adj.专业的；职业的 n．专业人员 14．__________ adj.正确的；精确的；准确的 →____________ n．准确性；精确度 publish publication publisher approve approval profession professional accurate accuracy 15．__________ n．需求；要求 vt.强烈要求 →____________ adj.要求很高的；苛刻的 16．__________ adj.年长的；高年级的；高级的 →(反义词)__________ adj.年少的；下级的 17．__________ vt.帮助；协助；援助 →____________ n．帮助；援助 →____________ n．助手；助理；售货员 18．__________ adj.渴望的；热切的 →____________ adv.急切地；渴望地 →____________ n．渴望；热切 demand demanding senior
junior
assist assistance assistant eager eagerly eagerness
19．__________ adj.值得赞扬的；令人钦佩的 →____________ vt.钦佩；赞美 →____________ n．钦佩；赞美 20．__________ vt.通知；告知 →____________ adj.消息灵通的；见多识广的 →____________ n．信息；资料；情报 admirable admire admiration inform informed information
B．归类巧记 1．“人物关系”高频名词一览 ①colleague 同事 ②deskmate 同桌 ③classmate 同学 ④friend 朋友 ⑤company 伙伴
2．“赞成”与“反对”的高频词汇荟萃 (1)赞成；支持 ①approve vt. 批准；赞同 ②favour vt.& n. 赞成 ③support vt. 支持 ④back up 支持 ⑤be in favour of 支持
(2)反对 ①oppose vt. 反对 ②object vi 反对 ③disapprove vt. 反对；不同意 ④object to 反对 ⑤be opposed to 反对 ⑥be against 反对
3．与“犯罪”相关的高频单词集锦 ①crime n. 罪行；犯罪 ②guilt n. 有罪 ③accuse vt. 控告；指控 ④charge vi. 控告 ⑤commit vt. 犯(罪) ⑥punish vt. 惩罚；处罚 ⑦release vt. 释放；免除 ⑧sentence vt. 判决；宣判
4．“资讯制造者”们 ①editor n. 编辑 ②journalist n. 记者 ③reporter n. 记者 ④photographer n. 摄影师 ⑤chief editor n. 主编 5．以“able”后缀的高频形容词小结 ①admire→admirable 令人钦佩的 ②suit→suitable 合适的 ③value→valuable 宝贵的 ④consider→considerable 重要的；相当大的 ⑤remark→remarkable 非凡的 ⑥afford→affordable 负担得起的 ⑦enjoy→enjoyable 令人愉快的 ⑧accept→acceptable 可接受的 Ⅱ.高频短语 1．集中；全神贯注 ________________ 2．依靠；依赖 ________________ 3．因……指责或控告……________________ 4．为了(做)…… ________________ 5．在……前面 ________________ 6．为……照相 _________________________ 7．渴望做某事 ________________ 8．告知某人某事 ________________ 9．假如那样的话 ________________ concentrate on depend on(＝rely on)
accuse...of... so as to (do sth.) ahead of... take a photo/photograph of... be eager to do sth. inform sb.of sth. in that case 10．对……感到内疚/惭愧______________________ 11．对……有天赋 ______________________ 12．赞成 ______________________ 13．在……的过程中 ______________________ 14．对……的消极态度 ______________________ 15．向某人提交某物 ______________________ 16．对……有灵敏的嗅觉 ______________________ 17．(内行人的)诀窍；伎俩______________________ 18．完全误解/弄错 ______________________ 19．把……记住/记在心里______________________ be/feel guilty about... have a gift/talent for approve of in the process/course of... negative attitude to/towards... submit sth.to sb. have a good nose for sth. tricks of the trade get the wrong end of the stick keep/bear...in mind Ⅲ.佳句填空 1．His discussion ________ his new boss, Hu Xin(HX), was to ________(strong)influence his life ________ a journalist. 他同新上司胡欣的讨论对他的记者生涯必将产生强烈的影响。 2．You will find ________ colleagues very eager to assist you and ________ you are interested in photography, it may be possible for you to ________ ________ that later on. 你将发现你的同事们会热情地帮助你。如果你对摄影感兴趣，以后你可以集中精力去研究。
3．Have you ever had a case ________ someone accused your journalists ________ getting the wrong end of the stick? 你有没有过这样的情况：别人控告你的记者，说他的报道失实？ 4．The first person ________ saw his article was an editor ________ his department. 第一个看到这篇文章的人是他的部门里的一位编辑。
5．His first task was ________(write)his story, ________ he had to do it ________(careful)． 他的第一个任务就是写报告稿，他必须认认真真地写。 答案：1.with; strongly; as 2.your; if; concentrate on 3.where; of 4.who; from 5.to write; but; carefully
Ⅳ.语法过关 倒 装 1．“Well done, John！Not a single mistake ________ you make in your paper this time！”said the teacher. 答案：did 老师说：“约翰，你做得太棒了！在这套试卷中你一个错误都没有犯！”否定短语Not a single mistake放在句首，句子用部分倒装形式，且此处是对过去事实的描述，应用一般过去时。
2．—Shall we take some apples with us? —No，at no time ________ food allowed in the library. 答案：is 考查倒装。当at no time，not until等否定词组位于句首时，后面的部分要使用部分倒装，即将情态动词、助动词或be动词置于主语之前，而谓语动词的位置保持不变。
3．Not until one of his works was published ________ he able to gain his confidence in writing. 答案：was 考查倒装和时态。此处not until引导的时间状语从句置于句首时，主句用部分倒装结构，且由语境可知应用一般过去时。
4．Not until many officials fled the country ________ the government realize how serious corruption was. 答案：did 考查倒装。句意为：直到很多官员逃离了国家，政府才意识到腐败有多严重。Not until位于句首时，主句要部分倒装。
5．So absorbed ________ he in our talk that my brother took a wrong turn on the way to the airport. 答案：was 考查倒装与时态。在“so...that...”句型中，如果“so＋形容词”提到句首，主句就要用部分倒装的形式。句意为：我兄弟如此专注于我们的谈话以至于在去机场的路上他转错了弯。 Ⅴ.语篇填空 Yes, but it was a long time ago. This is how the story goes. A footballer ①________ (accuse) of taking money ②________ deliberately not scoring goals so as to let the other team win. We went to interview ③________. He denied ④________(take) money but we were sceptical. So we arranged ⑤________ interview between the footballer and the man supposed to bribe him. When we saw ⑥________together we guessed from the footballer's body language that he was not telling the ⑦________(true).
So we wrote an article ⑧________(suggest) he was guilty. It was a dilemma ⑨________ the footballer could have demanded damages if we were wrong. He tried to stop us publishing it ⑩________ later we were proved right.
答案：①was accused ②for ③him ④taking ⑤an ⑥them ⑦truth ⑧suggesting ⑨because ⑩but 考点探究演练 1.assist vt. 帮助；协助；援助 归纳拓展 (1)assist sb. with sth.协助某人某事 assist sb. to do sth./in doing sth.帮助某人做某事 (2)assistance n. 援助；帮助；补助 come to sb.'s assistance 帮助某人 with the assistance of sb.在……的帮助下 (3)assistant n. 助手；助理；售货员 第一部分 必修五