语法专题四形容词和副词 -*- 考点一 考点二 考点三 考点四 考点五 考点一形容词与副词的比较级 1.两者相比用“比较级+than”表示。如: Robert jumps much higher than any of the others. 罗伯特跳得比其他任何人都高很多。 (2015·湖南)While finding information is easier than ever,at the same time,researching has become more complex. 尽管找信息比以往容易了,然而,研究却变得更加复杂。 -*- 考点一 考点二 考点三 考点四 考点五 2.比较级的修饰语常见的有:rather,much,still,even,far,any(用于否定句或疑问句),a lot,a little,a great deal,by far,a bit等。如: (2017·课标全国Ⅰ)Tony can hardly boil an egg,still less cook dinner. 托尼几乎连个鸡蛋也不会煮,更不用说做饭了。 I feel much better today. 今天我感觉好多了。 3.“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”表示“越……,就越……”。如: The longer you stay home,the better(it will be). 你在家待的时间越长越好。 -*- 考点一 考点二 考点三 考点四 考点五 4.“the+比较级+of the two+名词”表示“两者中较……的那个”。 The taller of the two boys is my cousin. 两个男孩中个子高的那个是我表哥。 5.“a+形容词比较级+名词”表示“一个更……的……”。 (2017·课标全国Ⅱ)It may not be a great suggestion.But before a better one is put forward,we’ll make do with it. 这可能不是一个很好的建议,但是在一个更好的建议被提出来之前,我们还是设法应付一下。 6.“比较级+and+比较级”的结构,表示“越来越……”。 The girl becomes more and more beautiful. 那个女孩变得越来越漂亮。 -*- 考点一 考点二 考点三 考点四 考点五 7.“no+比较级+than”表示“和……一样不”。 He is no taller than his brother. 他和他哥哥一样矮。 8.more...than...表示一个人两种品质的比较,意为“与其……倒不如……”。 He is more shy than unfriendly. 与其说他不友善,还不如说他腼腆。 9.某些以-ior结尾的形容词,与to搭配。如:junior,senior,superior等。 The book is superior to that one I just finished reading. 这本书比我刚读完的那本书好。 -*- 考点一 考点二 考点三 考点四 考点五 考点二形容词与副词的最高级 1.三者或者三者以上的比较用最高级。最高级的修饰语常见的有:序数词,by far,nearly,almost,by no means,not really,not quite等。 (2015·四川)Andy is content with the toy.It is the best he has ever got. 安迪对这个玩具很满意。这是他曾经收到的最好的玩具了。 (2017·辽宁)This is by far the most inspiring movie that I have ever seen. 这是迄今为止我看过的最鼓舞人心的一部电影。 -*- 考点一 考点二 考点三 考点四 考点五 2.“否定词+比较级”表示最高级意义。 (2017·北京海淀期末练习)—What do you think of your new Pad? —Good.I don’t think I can find a better one. ——你觉得你新买的平板电脑怎么样? ——很好。我想这是我能买到的最好的平板电脑了。 3.“比较级+than any other+单数名词”表示最高级意义,意思为“比其他任何……都……”。 He is taller than any other boy in his class. 他比他班里其他任何男孩都高。 -*- 考点一 考点二 考点三 考点四 考点五 考点三形容词与副词的原级 表示双方在程度、性质、特征等方面相等时,用“as+形容词(副词)原级+as”的结构;表示双方不相等时,用“not so(as)+形容词(副词)原级+as”结构表示。如: (2017·江西)There are a small number of people involved,possibly as few as twenty. 只有少数人被卷入进来,可能只有二十人。 This building looks not so(as) high as that one. 这栋楼看起来不如那栋楼高。 常用as...as 结构的词组: 1.as long as 只要 I will work as long as I live. 只要活着,我就要工作。 -*- 考点一 考点二 考点三 考点四 考点五 2.as far as 远到……;就……而言 As far as I know,he is reliable. 就我所知,他是一个可靠的人。 3.as high as 高达…… The average cost of one day in a hospital in that country can run as high as $400. 在那个国家里一天的平均住院费用可高达400美元。 4.as soon as 一……就…… I will call you up as soon as I get there. 我一到那里就给你打电话。 -*- 考点一 考点二 考点三 考点四 考点五 5.as well as 既……又;和……一样好 He who plays the piano as well as his father has experience as well as knowledge. 他钢琴弹得和他父亲一样好,而且既有知识又有经验。 6.as good as 与……一样;几乎;简直;和……一样好 He is as good as dead.他如同死了一般。 -*- 考点一 考点二 考点三 考点四 考点五 考点四倍数表达法 1.A is+倍数+比较级+than+B 2.A is+倍数+as+原级+as+B 3.A is+倍数+the+名词(size,length,height 等)+of+B 4.A is+倍数+that+of+B 5.A is+倍数+what引导的名词性从句 This building is three times higher than that one. This building is three times as high as that one. This building is three times the height of that one. 这个建筑物是那个建筑物的三倍高。 -*- 考点一 考点二 考点三 考点四 考点五 The output of this year is 3 times that of 2017. =The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 2017. 今年的产量是2017年的三倍。 (2017·安徽)It’s said that the power plant is now twice as large as what it was. 据说,现在这个发电厂是原来的两倍大了。 -*- 考点一 考点二 考点三 考点四 考点五 -*- 考点一 考点二 考点三 考点四 考点五 -*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅰ.根据提示或语境完成句子 1.(2015·课标全国Ⅰ改编)Abercrombie & Kent,a travel company in Hong Kong,says it regularly(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people living in Shanghai and Hong Kong. 2.(2015·课标全国Ⅱ改编)Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat slowly(slow) during cool nights. 3.(2015·课标全国Ⅱ改编)As natural(nature) architects,the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 4.(2015·浙江改编)Most of us,if we know even a little about where our food comes from,understand that every bite put into our mouths was formerly(former) alive.
解析 解析 关闭 1.regularly此处要用副词修饰动词arranges。 2.slowly由空前的give out that heat可知,此处应用slow的副词形式来修饰前面的动作。 3.natural由空后的名词architects可知,要用nature的形容词形式。 4.formerly分析句子结构可知alive为形容词,其前需要副词修饰,因此填formerly。句意:如果我们知道哪怕一点儿关于我们的食物来自哪里的知识,我们大多数人就会理解我们放进嘴里的每一口(食物)以前是活着的。 -*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 5.(2015·广东茂名一模改编)Shortly after that birthday,however,life gave her the toughest(tough) challenge of all as age and illness started to take her mind from her too. 6.(2015·河南洛阳12月统考改编)She asked me some questions causally(causal) and we had a short conversation. 7.(2015·甘肃部分普通高中联考改编)They provide us with food,wood and most importantly(important),oxygen. 8.(2015·江西九江二模改编)Most computer applications are in English,so you will understand them better(good). 9.(2017·北京重点中学联考改编)Mum likes this old house in downtown better than the huge one in the country,but it costs almost twice(two) as much.
解析 解析 关闭 5.toughest根据空格前的定冠词及句意“最困难的挑战”,可知用形容词最高级形式。 6.causally前半句句意:她随意地问了我几个问题。此处要用副词修饰动词做状语。 7.importantly此处most importantly是在修饰谓语动词provide,故用副词。句意:他们为我们提供了食物和木头,更重要的是提供了氧气。 8.better根据语意可知此处应该用形容词的比较级形式,故用good的比较级better。 9.twice倍数表达法“A is+倍数+as+原级+as+B”,根据语境可知,后面的as the huge one省略了。 -*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 10.(2017·大纲全国改编)Raymond’s parents wanted him to have the best(good) possible education. 11.(2017·湖北改编)Hardly had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said sharply(sharp),“Don’t be so mean,” pointing a finger of warning at her. 12.(2017·福建改编)With online shopping increasingly popular,the Internet is seen as a(n)efficient(efficiency) way of reaching target customers. 13.(2017·山东潍坊重点中学联考改编)The new road to be built will be three times the width(wide) of the old one. 14.(2017·天津河东联考改编)Lucy saved her pocket money so that she could buy as good a bicycle as her friend’s. 15.(2017·天津改编)I think watching TV every evening is a waste of time—there are more(many) meaningful things to do.
解析 解析 关闭 10.the best句意:雷蒙德的父母想让他接受最好的教育。the best education“最好的教育”。possible常常用于形容词的最高级后表示强调。 11.sharply句意:萨布里娜刚说完话,阿尔伯特就用手指指着她厉声警告道:“不要太刻薄了。”空格处所填词修饰said,做状语,故填副词形式,sharply“严厉地,尖刻地”。 12.efficient句意:随着网上购物越来越流行,因特网被认为是一种联系目标顾客的有效方式。所填词做定语修饰way,应用形容词,efficiency的形容词是efficient“有效的”。 13.width句意:要建的新公路是旧公路的三倍宽。这里是倍数表达句式:A is+倍数+the+名词(size,length,height等)+of+B的用法。故用wide的名词形式。 14.as句意:露西攒下零花钱目的是为了买一辆和朋友的一样好的自行车。这里是“as+形容词(+a/an)+名词+as”结构,故填as。 15.more句意:我认为每天晚上看电视是浪费时间——有更多有意义的事情去做。故填more“更多的”。