2017届高考英语一轮基础知识复习课件：必修2 Unit 3 Computers（新人教版）

　　辨析　signal/sign/symbol/mark 词汇 用法 signal 为某一目的而有意发出的信号 sign 人们公认的事物的记号、标志；也可指某种情况的征兆 symbol 象征或表达某种深层意义的特殊事物 mark 指在其它事物上留下的清晰可见的痕迹，也可指为便于辨认而有意做的标记，或先天固有的标志 4．arise vi. 出现；发生；起身；起床 归纳拓展 arise from/out of 由……引起；由……产生 辨析　arise/arouse/rise/raise 词汇 含义 arise (arose, arisen) vi. 出现；发生；起因于 arouse (aroused, aroused) vt. 唤醒；唤起 rise (rose, risen) vi. 升起；起身；增长；上升 raise (raised, raised) vt. 举起；唤起；提高；饲养；抚养；提出；收集；筹(款) [巧学助记]

　　众所周知，父母与子女间的问题是由于缺乏交流而引起的。尽管生活水平提高了，但汤姆与母亲相处不好。母亲在太阳一从东方升起来就起床，她日夜辛勤工作养活家人，结果她病得很重，这最终唤醒了汤姆。 ②One of the problems ________ ________ the present economic situation is that the price is ________ sharply, of course, partly because some illegal businessmen ________ it on purpose, which has ________ some objection. 由当前经济形势产生的问题之一是价格迅速上涨，当然，部分原因是一些不法商贩故意提高价格；这种现象已经引起了一片反对之声。 答案：①arisen; raised; arises; rises; aroused　②arising from；rising；raise；aroused 5．anyhow (anyway) adv. 无论如何；即使如此 辨析　anyhow/somehow 词汇 用法 anyhow 同义词是anyway，意思是“无论如何，即使如此”，放在句首，句中或句末。当用于转换话题时，意为“总之，反正；不管怎样” somehow 意思是“以某种方式，设法，不知怎么地”，同义词为someway，可表示“由于某种原因” 1.as a result 结果(副词短语，不接任何词，其后常有标点) 归纳拓展 as a result of 由于……结果(介词短语，接名词、代词或 v­ing形式) result from(接原因)起因于；由……造成 result in(接结果)导致 [巧学助记] 越来越多的污染(原因)→很多物种正在灭绝(结果) *There is more and more pollution. As a result, many species are dying out. *As a result of more and more pollution, many species are dying out. *More and more pollution has resulted in many species dying out. *The fact that many species are dying out results from more and more pollution. ③The accident ________ ________ the death of two passengers. 这起事故导致两名乘客丧生。 ④I think his cancer ________ ________ the overfull tiredness. 我认为他是因为过多的劳累而得了癌症。 答案：①as a result　②As a result of　③resulted in　④resulted from 2．in a way在某种程度上 归纳拓展 in the way 妨碍 on the way (to) 在途中 by the way 顺便说(问) in no way 绝不 in this way 这样；通过这种方式 “在某种程度上”表达方式还有：to some extent, to a certain degree, in some degree/ways, in a sense

　　③________ ________ ________ can theory be separated from practice. 理论决不能脱离实践。 ④The storm is ________ ________ ________. 暴风雨即将来临。 答案：①In a way　②in the way　③In no way　④on the way 3．watch over 看守；监视；照看 归纳拓展 (1)watch for 盼望或等待某事物 watch out 小心＝(be careful＝take care) watch out for(＝look out for)提防 watch oneself 小心谨慎 watch one's figure注意体型 (2)watch one's step当心别摔跤 keep (a) watch on监视 be on the watch for注意；小心；警惕 on/off watch在/不在值班

　　③________ ________ by guards with guns, the prisoner was taken into the police car. 在携枪警卫的监视下，这名犯人被带上了警车。 答案：①watching over　②on the watch for　③Watched over 4．deal with处理；对付；论述；论及 归纳拓展 do with

　　处理；对付；安排 handle sth

　　处理某事 辨析　deal with/do with 词语 含义 deal with 表示“处理，对付；关于，论及；与某人或某事相处，打交道”，常与how连用 do with 表示“处理；安排”，常与what连用 ③This is a book ________ ________ Asian problems. 这是一本论述亚洲问题的书。 ④I have no way yet as to ________ to deal with such a complicated situation. 对于怎么应对这样复杂的局面，我还没有办法。 ⑤The children didn't know ________ to do with themselves as Christmas drew near. 随着圣诞节临近，孩子们坐立不安了。 答案：①dealt with　②deal with　③dealing with　④how　⑤what 5．after all毕竟；到底(表示让步) 归纳拓展 in all

　　总共；总计 first of all

　　首先(强调次序) above all

　　最重要的是；尤其是(强调要引起特别注意) not at all

　　(用于否定句)一点儿也不，完全不；(问句、条件句及肯定句内表示强调)究竟

　　③________， let me introduce myself to you. ④There are thirty ________ in the party who will travel to Lanzhou. 答案：(1)After all　(2)①above all　②After all　③First of all　④in all 1.... it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by... 差不多到了两百年之后，我才被……制成了一台分析机。 本句中的before为连词，可译为“过了多长时间才……”。

　　归纳拓展 (1)It was/took ... before ...(从句中用过去时态)，意为“过了多长时间才……”。 (2)It will be/take ... before ...(从句中用一般现在时表将来时)，意为“要过多长时间才……”。 (3)It is/has been＋一段时间＋since ...(从句用一般过去时)，意为“自从……到现在已经……时间了”。

　　③It will be a long time ________ he comes back. 要过很长时间后他才能回来。 ④________ ________ ________ ________ ________ the second earthquake happened. 不久第二次地震就发生了。 答案：①it took nearly two hours before　②It took many years before　③before　④It was not long before 2．And my memory became so large that even I couldn't believe it. 我的存储量变得如此之大，甚至连我自己都不能相信。 so ... that ... 如此……以至于……，引导结果状语从句。 归纳拓展 (1)so ... that ... 句型的主要结构有： ①so＋adj./adv.＋that ... ②so＋adj.＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋that ... ③so＋ many/much/little(少的)/few＋n.＋that ...

　　(2)such ... that ...句型的主要结构有： ①such＋adj.＋不可数名词＋that ... ②such＋a/an＋adj.＋单数可数名词＋that ... ③such＋adj.＋可数名词复数＋that ... (3)so，such修饰的成分置于句首时，主句常用倒装语序。 　第一部分　必修二

　　　 路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索 走向高考 · 英语 人教版 · 高考总复习 Unit 3　Computers 必修二 第一部分　基础知识聚焦 考点探究演练 2 基础知识巩固 3 基础知识晨记 1 基础知识晨记 Ⅰ.单词速记 A．快速识记 1．________ vi.出现；发生 2．________ v．发信号　n．信号 3．________ adv.无论如何；即使如此(＝anyway) 4．________ adj.电子的→________ n．电 5．________ vt.简化→________ adj.简单的 6．________ n．金融；财经→________ adj.金融的 7．________ v．打字 n．类型→________ n．打字员 8．________ n．革命→____________ adj.革命的；革命性的 arise

　　signal anyhow electronic electricity simplify simple finance financial type typist revolution revolutionary 9．________ n．出现；外貌；外观→________ vi.出现 10．________ vt.解决；解答→________ n．解决方案/办法 11．________ n．目标；目的；(进球)得分→(同义词)________ 12．________ adj.顽皮的；淘气的→_____________ n．顽皮；淘气；无礼 13．________ n．技术；工艺；科技→_____________ adj.技术的；科技的 14．________ n．智力；聪明；智能→________ adj.聪明的；智能的 appearance appear solve solution goal aim/target/objective naughty naughtiness technology technological intelligence intelligent 15．________ adj.宇宙的；普遍的；通用的→________ n．宇宙；世界 16．________ n．应用；用途；申请→________ v．申请；应用；敷；涂→________ n．申请人；求职者 17．________ adj.总的；整个的 n．总数；合计→________ adv.完全地；整个地 18．________ v．探索；探测；探究→________ n．探索；勘探→________ n．探险者；探险家 universal universe application apply applicant total totally explore exploration explorer

　　19．________ adj.私人的；个人的；亲自的→________ adv.亲自；就个人而言→__________ n．个性 20．________ adj.合逻辑的；合情理的→(反义词)________ adj.不合逻辑的→________ adv.逻辑上；有条理地→________ n．逻辑 personal personally personality logical illogical logically logic B．归类巧记 1．“互联网”家庭 ①Internet n．因特网 ②network n.

　　网络 ③password n.

　　密码 ④wechat n.

　　微信 ⑤database n.

　　数据库；资料库 ⑥surf vi.& vt.

　　浏览 ⑦download vt.

　　下载 ⑧connect vt.

　　连接 2．以后缀­ify结尾的动词荟萃 ①simplify

　　简化 ②beautify

　　美化 ③purify

　　净化 ④identify

　　鉴定；识别出 ⑤classify

　　分类 ⑥horrify

　　使恐惧 ⑦modify

　　修改；修饰 ⑧electrify

　　使电气化 3．后缀“­ology”高频名词一览 ①technology

　　科技 ②biology

　　生物学 ③ecology

　　生态学 ④geology

　　地理/质学 ⑤psychology

　　心理学 ⑥sociology

　　社会学 ⑦physiology

　　生理学 ⑧archeology

　　考古学 Ⅱ.高频短语 1．从……起 ________ 2．结果 ________ 3．如此……以至于 ________ 4．下载信息 ________ 5．在某种程度上 ________

　　6．实际上；事实上 ________ 7．充分利用 ________ 8．在……的帮助下 ________ 9．处理；涉及；对付 ________ from...on as a result so ...that download information in a way(＝to some extent/to a certain degree/in some degree/in a sense) in reality(＝in fact) make good/full use of with the help of ... deal with

　　10．监视；看守 ________ 11．有……共同之处 ________ 12．人类 ________ 13．技术革命 ________ 14．下决心做某事 ________ 15．用这种方法；这样 ________ 16．编造；化妆；和好 ________ 17．一大笔钱 ________ 18．亲自 ________ 19．总共；一共 ________ 20．随着……的出现/兴起 ________ watch over have ...in common human race technological revolution be determined to do sth. in this way make up a large sum of money in person in total with the arise of... Ⅲ.佳句填空 1．I developed very ________(slow) and it took nearly two hundred years ________ I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage. 我发展得很慢，差不多两百年之后，查尔斯·巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。 2．________ ________ ________ ________， I was made smaller. 随着时间的推移，我被制造得越来越小。 3．But I was always so lonely ________(stand) there by myself ________ in the early 1960s they gave me a family ________(connect) by a network. 但是我总是十分寂寞，直到20世纪60年代，人们通过互联网为我创造了一个家庭。 4．She programs me ________ all the possible moves she has seen while ________(watch) human games. 她把观看人类比赛时所看到的一切可能的动作编入我的程序。 5．After all, ________ ________ ________ ________ my electronic brain ________ never forgets anything, using my intelligence is ________ I'm all about! 毕竟，在我过目不忘的电子脑的帮助下，运用智能就是我的一切！ 答案：1.slowly; before　2.As time went by　3.standing; until; connected　4.with; watching　5.with the help of; which; what Ⅳ.语法过关 现在完成时的被动语态 1．If you ________ (invite) to their home, remember to bring a small gift. 答案：have been invited　考查时态和语态。句意：如果你已经被邀请去他们家的话，记住带一件小礼物。根据句意以及“remember to bring a small gift”可知，此处只能用表示现在完成时的被动语态。 2．Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have ________(hold) everywhere since ancient times. 答案：been held　考查动词时态和语态。由“since ancient times”可知，句子要用现在完成时，又因各种各样的节日和庆典应该是被举行，所以要用现在完成时的被动语态。 3．In Japan，all students have ________(teach) how to prepare for and react to a disaster since a young age. 答案：been taught　考查时态和语态。句意：在日本，所有的学生小时候就被教会如何准备和应对灾害。根据语意以及时间状语“since a young age”可知，此处用现在完成时的被动语态。 4．In the past few centuries，the lighthouses along North Carolina's coast ________ (recognize) as signs of safety for travelers at sea. 答案：have been recognized　考查时态和语态。句意：过去的几个世纪，沿着北卡罗来纳州海岸的灯塔是海上旅行者们公认的安全标志。recognize和the lighthouses是动宾关系，故用被动语态。根据时间状语“In the past few centuries”可知，此处应用现在完成时。

　　5．When she returned home，Rose found her computer ________ (remove) and she was very confused. 答案：had been removed　考查时态和语态。分析句子成分可知，remove与computer构成逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，remove这一动作发生在returned之前，故此处应用过去完成时。 Ⅴ.语篇填空 My first football competition was in Nagoya, Japan several years ago. Last year our team went to Seattle, Washington in the USA. We ①________(win) second place. Personally, I think the team ②________ won first place cheated. They had developed ③________ new type of program just ④________ the competition. So we need to encourage our programmer ⑤________(improve) our intelligence too. We are determined to create an even ⑥________(good) system. In a way our programmer is like our coach.

　　She programs us with all the possible moves ⑦________ has seen while watching human games. Then she prepares reliable moves to use ⑧________ a new situation arises. In this way I can make up new moves ⑨________(use) my “artificial intelligence”. I would really like to play against a human team, for I have been programmed to act just like them. After all, ⑩________ the help of my electronic brain which never forgets anything, using my intelligence is what I'm all about! 答案：①won　②that/which　③a　④before　⑤to improve　⑥better　⑦she　⑧if　⑨using　⑩with 考点探究演练 1.sum n. 总数；金额　vi. 概括　vt. 总计；合计 归纳拓展 sum up 总结；概括；总计达(to) in sum 简言之；总而言之 to sum up 总之；概括地说 summary n. 摘要；概要

　　③________ ________， no pains, no gains. 总而言之，不劳无获。 答案：①a large sum of money　②summed up　③In sum(＝To sum up) 2．goal n. 目标；目的；球门；(进球)得分 归纳拓展 set a goal 设立目标 score/kick a goal 得一分/踢进一球 be behind/lead sb. by two goals 落后/领先某人两个球 win by three goals to one 以三比一获胜 reach/achieve/attain/accomplish one's goal 达到/实现某人的目标

　　③Although he ________ ________ ________ in the 44th minute, his team was still ________ ________ ________ ________. 虽然他在第44分钟进了一个球，他们队仍落后两个球。 答案：①set a goal　②by four goals to three　③scored/kicked a goal; behind by two goals 3．signal v. & n. 发信号；发暗号；示意；信号；暗号 归纳拓展 signal sb. that ... 示意某人…… signal sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事 signal to sb. 向某人示意 a danger/warning signal 危险/警告信号 traffic signal 交通信号 give/send a signal 发出信号 　第一部分　必修二