2017届高考英语一轮基础知识复习课件：必修3 Unit 1 Festivals around the world（新人教版）

　　辨析　gather/collect 词汇 用法 gather 用途较广泛，可用于人、物或无形的抽象事物，如人群的集合，食品、财产、文件、书籍等的收集。强调将分散的东西收集在一起 collect 强调为了研究目的而做的有鉴别、有计划的收集，并指为了爱好而做的有条理的安排，对某些东西进行逐渐地收集

　　4．award n. 奖，奖品　vt. 授予；判定 归纳拓展 win/gain/receive an award for sth. 因……获奖 award sb. a prize(＝award a prize to sb.) 给某人颁奖 award sb. for sth. 因……奖励某人 be awarded with ... 被授予…… 辨析　award/reward/prize 词汇 用法 award 作动词或名词。侧重指官方经正式研究裁决后对有功者或竞赛优胜者所给予的奖励 reward 作动词或名词。指对一个人所付出的行为的回报，也可指为某事付酬金 prize 为名词，多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽彩中所获得的奖。这种奖赏有的凭能力获得，有的凭运气获得

　　④She won the first ________ in the National English­speaking Contest. (award, reward, prize) 答案：①award　②were awarded　③reward(s)　④prize 5．apologize vi. 道歉；辩白 归纳拓展 (1)apologize to sb. for

　　(doing) sth. 因(做)某事向某人道歉 apologize to sb. that ... 向某人道歉…… (2)apology n. 道歉；致歉 make/offer sb. an apology for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事向某人道歉 accept/refuse sb.'s apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉 demand an apology 要求道歉 owe sb. an apology 应向某人道歉

　　④She is still angry and ________ ________ ________. 她仍在生气，并拒绝我的道歉。 ⑤The woman ________ ________ ________ for spilling coffee on her dress. 这位女士接受了他把咖啡洒在她礼服上的道歉。 答案：①to　②for　③make an apology to　④refuses my apology　⑤accepted his apology 6．remind vt. 提醒；使想起 归纳拓展 remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 remind sb. that ... 提醒某人……；使某人想起…… 其它常见的“v.＋sb. of sth.”结构： rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某物 convince sb. of sth. 使某人信服某事 warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事 inform sb. of sth. 告知某人某事 accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人某事 cure sb. of sth. 治愈某人的疾病 ③Reading fiction ________ me ________ there is life beyond my own. 文学作品的阅读提醒我在自己的生活之外还有生活。 ④Passengers ________ ________ that no smoking is allowed on this train. 旅客们请注意，本次列车禁止吸烟。 答案：①reminded；of　②reminding；to　③reminds；that　④are reminded 1.in memory of 纪念；追念 归纳拓展 “in＋n. ＋of”短语总结： in honor of 为了纪念；向……表示敬意 in praise of 歌颂 in favor of 赞同；支持 in charge of 负责 in need of 需要

　　in search of 寻找 in possession of 拥有 in place of 代替 in case of 万一 in terms of 根据；按照

　　④I'll be ________ ________ ________(负责) the whole factory next week when the director is away. 答案：①was in favor of　②in memory of those brave firefighters　③in need of help　④in charge of 2．look forward to 盼望；期待 归纳拓展 look into 观查；调查 look through 浏览；仔细查看 look out for 留心；注意；提防 look up (在词典、参考书中)查阅 look up to 仰慕 look back on 回顾；回头看 look down on/upon 轻视/看不起 look on ... as ... 把……看作…… [巧学助记] 含介词to的其它短语： lead to 导致；产生 stick to 坚持 pay attention to 注意 be used to 习惯于 be accustomed to 习惯于 get down to 开始；着手 object to 反对 be opposed to 反对 devote ... to ... 致力于…… refer to 谈及；涉及到 3．turn up 出现，露面；被找到；开大(音量)；向上翻 归纳拓展 turn against 背叛；对……不利 turn down 拒绝；关小，调低 turn in 上交；拐入 turn out 结果是；证明是；生产，制造 turn over 翻身；打滚；移交；转动 turn round 转身；翻转；(使)翻身 turn to sb. for help 向某人求助 1.While she was on earth she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love. 她在人间遇到了牛郎，两人相爱了。 本句中的while引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”。 归纳拓展 while的其它含义： (1)引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。 (2)连接并列句，意为“然而，却”。

　　③We know usually women stay at home and do all the housework ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (而男人外出工作)． 答案：①while the(her) guests were finishing their meal　②While/Although I accept that he is not perfect　③while men go out to work

　　2．It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave ... 显而易见，咖啡馆的经理正在等待着李方离开…… 本句中的it作形式主语，用来指代后面的that从句。 归纳拓展 it作形式主语的类似句式： (1)It be ＋形容词(strange, natural, possible, important ...)＋that从句 (2)It be ＋过去分词(said, reported, believed, thought, well known ...)＋that从句 (3)It be ＋不及物动词(seem, appear, happen, occur ...)＋that从句 (4)It be ＋名词(a pity, a fact, an honor, no wonder, my hope, my belief ...)＋that从句 基础知识巩固 　第一部分　必修三　 路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索 走向高考 · 英语 人教版 · 高考总复习 Unit 1　Festivals around the world 必修三 第一部分　基础知识聚焦 考点探究演练 2 基础知识巩固 3 基础知识晨记 1 基础知识晨记 Ⅰ.单词速记 A．快速识记 1．________ n．获得；得到 2．________ vt.提醒；使想起 3．________ n．& v．收获；收割 4．________ n．奖；奖品　vt.授予 5．________ v．& n．搜集；集合；聚集 6．________ vi.道歉→________ n．道歉 7．__________ n．庆祝；祝贺→________ vt.庆祝；庆贺 8．________ n．信任；信仰→________ vt.相信；信任 9．__________ n．许可；允许→________ vt.允许；许可 gain　 remind　 harvest　 award　 gather

　　apologize

　　apology

　　celebration

　　celebrate

　　belief

　　believe

　　permission

　　permit

　　10．________ adj.宗教的；信奉宗教的→________ n．宗教 11．___________ n．农业；农艺；农学→____________ adj.农业的 12．________ vi.& vt.(使)饿死；饿得要死→________ n．饥饿 13．________ vt.原谅；宽恕→___________ n．宽恕；原谅；饶恕 14．_________________ n．独立；自主→___________ adj.独立的；有主见的 15．________ adj.明显的；显而易见的→___________ adv.明显地；显然 religious

　　religion

　　agriculture

　　agricultural

　　starve

　　starvation

　　forgive

　　forgiveness

　　independence

　　independent

　　obvious

　　obviously

　　16．________ n．美；美人→________ adj.美丽的→________ vt.美化 17．________ adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的→________ n．能量；精力；能源 18．________ vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕→__________ n．钦佩；羡慕→________ adj.令人钦佩的 19．________ n．诡计；恶作剧 vt.欺骗；诈骗→________ adj.诡计多端的；狡猾的 20．________ n．起源；由来→________ adj.原始的；最初的；原创的→________ adv.最初；起初；本来 beauty

　　beautiful

　　beautify

　　energetic

　　energy

　　admire

　　admiration

　　admirable

　　trick

　　tricky

　　origin

　　original

　　originally

　　B．归类巧记 1．西方主要节目一览 ①Easter 复活节 ②Christmas

　　圣诞节 ③Christmas Eve

　　圣诞前夕 ④Thanksgiving Day

　　感恩节 ⑤Halloween

　　万圣节 2．“服装”家庭 ①clothing n.

　　衣服(总称) ②sweater n.

　　毛衣 ③uniform n.

　　制服 ④sock n.

　　祙子 ⑤tie n.

　　领带 ⑥glove n.

　　手套 ⑦scarf n.

　　围巾 ⑧boot n.

　　靴子 3．表示“相信”与“不相信”的高频单词全接触 ①belief n.

　　信任；信心；信仰 ②faith n.

　　信任；信念；诚意；信仰 ③convince vt.

　　使确信；使信服 ④suspect vi.& vt.

　　怀疑；猜想

　　n.

　　犯罪嫌疑人；可疑分子 ⑤reliable adj.

　　可靠的；可信赖的 ⑥unbelievable adj.

　　不可相信的；难以置信的 Ⅱ.高频短语 1．发生；举行________ 2．出现；到场___________ 3．出发_________________ 4．使某人想起某事____________________ 5．期待/盼望(做)某事_____________________________ 6．为了纪念____________________ 7．盛装；打扮_________________ 8．搞恶作剧____________________ 9．日夜；整天_________________ 10．似乎；好像_________________ take place　 turn up　 set off　 remind sb.of sth. look forward to (doing) sth. in memory of dress up play a trick on　 day and night as though/if 11．守信用；履行诺言_________________ 12．获得独立____________________ 13．因(做)某事向某人道歉__________________________ 14．原谅某人(做)某事_________________________ 15．玩得开心____________________ 16．停车场________________ 17．屏息；屏住呼吸_________________ 18．饿死_______________________ 19．一到；在到达时____________________ 20．擦净；擦去____________________ keep one's word

　　gain independence apologize to sb.for (doing) sth. forgive sb.for (doing) sth. have fun with parking lot hold one‘s breath starve to death upon arrival wipe out

　　Ⅲ.佳句填空 1．Festivals ________ ________ ________ celebrate important times of year. 节日就是庆祝一年中重要的日子。 2．Festivals and celebrations ________ ________ ________ have been held everywhere ________ ancient times. 自古以来，世界各地就有各种各样的节日庆典。 3．Some festivals ________(hold)to honor the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, ________ might return either to help ________ to do harm. 有些节日是为了纪念亡者或取悦先人，因为他们可能会回到世间帮助人们，也可能带来危害。 4．The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that ________ ________ ________ the end of winter and to the coming of spring. 最富有生气而又最重要的节日就是告别冬天迎来春天的日子。 5．The country, ________(cover) with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered ________ pink snow. 整个国家到处盛开着樱花，看上去就像覆盖了一层粉红的雪。 6．________ was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop ________(wait) for Li Fang to leave. 很明显，咖啡馆的经理在等李方离开。 答案：1.are meant to　2.of all kinds; since　3.are held; who; or　4.look forward to　5.covered; with　6.It; was waiting Ⅳ.语法过关 情态动词(Ⅰ) 1．—In case anyone ________ come in my absence，tell him I will be back soon. —Sure, I will. 答案：should　考查情态动词。句意：——我离开期间万一有人来找我，告诉他我很快就回来。——好的。根据句意可知，此处应用should，表示可能，意为“假如，万一”。

　　2．—Will the chairman come here by train? —He should，but he ________ not. He enjoys driving himself. 答案：may　考查情态动词。句意：——董事长会坐火车来这儿吗？——应该是的，但是也可能不会。他喜欢自己开车。根据句意可知，此处表示不太确定的可能性，应用may。

　　3．Parents are doing all they ________ to help their children achieve their ambitions. 答案：can　考查情态动词。句意：父母们在做他们力所能及的事来帮助他们的孩子来实现他们的夙愿。完整形式为：“Parents are doing all they can do to help their children achieve their ambitions.”其中they can do是定语从句，修饰先行词all；to help their children achieve their ambitions是目的状语。由于主句中出现了实义动词doing，所以省略了从句中的do。

　　4．—I have coffee to refresh myself recently. —Is that so? If you ________，make sure you limit it to one cup a day. 答案：must　考查情态动词。句意：——我最近喝咖啡来提神。——是这样吗？如果你非得喝，务必限制在每天一杯。must在此意为“偏爱，非得”。

　　5．You are always throwing things about. How ________ I know where you've left your key? 答案：should　考查情态动词。句意：你总是乱扔东西。我怎么会知道你把钥匙扔到什么地方了？情态动词should可以表示说话人的特殊情感，如惊奇、愤怒、失望等，意为“竟然、竟会”。 Ⅴ.语篇填空 Some festivals ①________(hold) to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help ②________ to do harm. For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense ③________ memory of their ancestors. They also light lamps and play music ④________ they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. In Mexico, people celebrate the Day of the Dead in early November. On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes ⑤________ “bones” on them.

　　They offer food, flowers and gifts to ⑥________ dead. The Western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old ⑦________(believe) about the return of the spirits of dead people. It is now a children's festival, ⑧________ they can dress up and go to their neighbours' homes ⑨________(ask) for sweets. If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick ⑩________ them.

　　答案：①are held　②or　③in　④because　⑤with　⑥the　⑦beliefs　⑧when　⑨to ask　⑩on 考点探究演练 1.belief n. 信任；信心；信仰 (pl. beliefs) 归纳拓展 have belief in sth. 对……有信心 beyond belief 难以置信 in the belief that ... 相信 It is my belief that ... 我相信…… ②________ ________ ________ ________ ________ opportunities are only for the prepared minds. 我相信机会只会青睐那些有准备的人。 ④It is because of his ________ ________ that he refuses to follow the custom. 他不遵守这一风俗是因为他的宗教信仰。 答案：①has a firm belief in　②are beyond belief　③It is my belief that(＝I believe that)　④religious beliefs 2．gain vt. 获得；得到　n. 收益；收获 归纳拓展 gain experience/knowledge/fame/independence 获得经验/知识/名望/独立 gain sth. from/by doing sth. 从(通过)……获得某物 gain one's respect/love/trust 获得别人的尊敬/爱戴/信任 gain weight 增加体重 gain time(通过拖延)赢得时间 No pains, no gains. 一分耕耘，一分收获。

　　(2)单句语法填空。 ①Carrie ________(gain) a lot of weight recently because of eating too much junk food. ②After ________(gain) independence in 1949, China has taken on a new look. 答案：(1)①gain practical experience　②gain much knowledge (2)①has gained　②gaining

　　3．gather vt. & vi. & n. 搜集；集合；聚集 归纳拓展 gather strength/courage 恢复体力/鼓起勇气 gather information 收集资料 gather up 拾起 gather together 聚集在一起 gather around 围着；聚集 　第一部分　必修三