2016届湖北省黄冈市高考英语阅读理解及信息匹配选练（3）

　　湖北省黄冈市2016高考英语阅读理解及信息匹配选练（3）

　　信息匹配（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

　　阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选

　　项字母涂黑。

　　首先，阅读下面某所大学的六个学科介绍：

　　A

　　The focus of the Bachelor of Agricultural Economics degree is on the development of analytical and communication skills with an academic emphasis on agricultural and natural resource issues. Your studies may involve applied agribusiness management, marketing, agricultural and resource policy. It addresses the most challenging current issues of the day, such as food security, climate change, and the environment.

　　B

　　The Bachelor of Animal and Veterinary Bioscience is a flexible applied science course focusing on the specific field of animal science. The four-year course develops skills in applied animal health and diseases as well as nutrition and feed technology. You will also undertake practical experience with relevant animals or animal-related enterprises throughout your degree and during university holidays.

　　C

　　The Bachelor of Applied Science (Exercise and Sport Science) prepares graduates for practice as exercise scientists. The course offers training and career options integrating exercise and physical activities with disease prevention, and sports performance. Students will learn how to integrate exercise and physical activities with health, sports performance and disease prevention.

　　D

　　The Bachelor of Arts (Media and Communications) degree offers you an exciting combination of academic excellence and professional training in media and communications. Our degree links practical training with media writing, online media production and media relations. You will graduate with the skills required for entry into areas such as print, broadcast and online journalism, media regulation and media and public relations.

　　E

　　The Master of Architecture at the University of Sydney builds on the skills acquired in your undergraduate degree and prepares you for registration as an architect. Student work is defined by

　　industry practice and surveys the social and aesthetic needs of the brief when you work within the larger context of architectural theory and philosophy. You will develop expertise in design, technology and theory.

　　F

　　The Applied Linguistics program trains you to apply your knowledge of language to a diverse range of contexts. Our degree is also suitable for people involved in teaching English to speakers of other languages (TESOL), second language teaching (SLT), and the teaching of modern languages. We teach via both traditional face-to-face and computer assisted methodologies.

　　请阅读以下人物信息，然后匹配人物最可能选择的学科：

　　46. Tim loves animals very much and he makes friends with many of them. He wants to learn

　　more about how to understand and take care of animals. He hopes to open a professional

　　hospital for animals.

　　47. Jane is an English-lover. She can speak fluent English and she likes everything about English.

　　Also, she finds it interesting and rewarding to teach kids English. To be an excellent English

　　teacher is her dream.

　　48. Jim has been interested in plants and crops since he spent some time in a village. Having

　　witnessed the hardship of the farmers, he decides to help them with modern farming. There

　　are also many problems in the safety of food. Therefore, he wishes to grow safe and healthy

　　crops for people in the future.

　　49. Lily is fond of communicating with others and listening to their stories. She also plays an

　　active role in the media club in her school. She wants to be a popular journalist and work for

　　a world-famous newspaper.

　　50. As a child, David used to take his toys apart and put them together. He is always curious

　　about how things are built and the structure of some special buildings. He says he wants to be

　　an architect who designs and builds beautiful buildings.

　　【参考答案】46-50 BFADE

　　阅读理解。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　The American book Who Moved My Cheese has been a bestseller all over the world. It teaches people how to face changes in their lives. Now its author Spence Johnson has written a book just for teens. The book tells us that when facing change in our lives, like a new school or new friends, don't be afraid. Instead, use this change to make a better life. The book gives an example of a change at school. A school is changing from having two terms to three terms because there are too may students.

　　Several teens are talking about this. Most of them are unhappy and worried. But Chris is not. He laughs and tells a story about two mice, two "little people" and some cheese.

　　The four are in a maze looking for the cheese. Here, cheese means something important in life, like moving to a new class or getting into college. But they find the cheese is gone. The mice realize that they can't change what has happened and have to find more cheese. This means finding different dreams. The little people, however, can't do this. They are afraid of change so they find no cheese.

　　After Chris finishes the story, the friends understand one thing: to get more cheese, move in a new direction quickly. His friends understand how this can be used in the changes all teens face, such as doing well at school or having good relationships or just feeling good about yourself.

　　1. The book Who Moved My Cheese is _______.

　　A. written all over the world

　　B. read across the world

　　C. sold only in America

　　D. loved only by teens

　　2. What does the text mainly discuss?

　　A. Never change in our life.

　　B. Change when you like to do.

　　C. Change with the changes.

　　D. Pay attention to the changes.

　　3. The underline word "four"(paragraph 3) refers to _____.

　　A. Mice and little people

　　B. Students

　　C. Cheese

　　D. Readers

　　4. In our lives, we should learn from _______.

　　A. Mice

　　B. Little people

　　C. Chris

　　D. Spence Johnson

　　5. Which of the following statements is true?

　　A. The author is Britain.

　　B. There are three terms in every school.

　　C. Most teens don't understand Chris' story.

　　D. The book tells teens how to face changes in their lives.

　　【参考答案】1—5、BCAAD

　　阅读理解。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　In business, there's a speed difference：It's the difference between how important a firm's leaders say speed is to their competitive (竞争的) strategy(策略)and how fast the company actually moves.The difference is important regardless of industry and company size. Companies fearful of losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the speed.

　　In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that chose to go, go, go to try to gain_an_edge ended up with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track. What's more, the firms that “slowed down to speed up ”improved their top and bottom lines, averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a three­year period.

　　How did they disobey the_laws_of_business_physics,_taking more time than competitors yet performing better? They thought differently about what “slower ” and “faster” mean. Firms sometimes fail to understand the difference between operational speed (moving quickly )and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value ). Simply increasing the speed of production, for example, may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference. But that often leads to reduced value over time, in the form of lower­quality products and services.

　　In our study, higher­performing companies with strategic speed always made changes when necessary. They became more open to ideas and discussion. They encouraged new ways of thinking. And they allowed time to look back and learn. By contrast (相比而言), performance suffered at firms that moved fast all the time, paid too much attention to improving efficiency, Stuck to tested methods, didn't develop team spirit among their employees, and had little time thinking about changes.

　　Strategic speed serves as a kind of leadership. Teams that regularly take time to get things right, rather than plough ahead full bore, are more successful in meeting their business goals. That kind of strategy must come from the top.

　　提速，似乎是历来公司老总们所追求的，增加效益更是他们的最终目标。而人们对于速度的不同理解和方法的不同，确实适得其反。

　　1．What does the underlined part “gain an edge” in Paragraph 2 mean ?

　　A．Increase the speed. B．Get an advantage.

　　C．Reach the limit.D．Set a goal.

　　答案：B。理解判断题。在文章的第一段中就提到了许多公司提速的目的就是利益问题，信息词“fearful of losing their competitive advantage”可以表明划线部分的意义同选项B。

　　．The underlined part “the laws of business physics” in Paragraph 3 means ________.

　　A．spending more time and performing worse

　　B．spending more time and performing better

　　C．spending less time and performing worse

　　D．spending less time and performing better

　　答案：D。归纳概况题。既然公司追求的是提速，自然意味着：take less time ；而最终的效益还得需要performing better，故两者结合，才是公司一直在梦寐以求的最佳目标。故选D。

　　. What can we learn from the text?

　　A．How fast a firm moves depends on how big it is.

　　B．How competitive a firm is depends on what it produces.

　　C．Firms guided by strategic speed take time to make necessary changes.

　　D．Firms guided by operational speed take time to develop necessary team spirit.

　　答案：C。细节判断题。倒数第二段的第一句里含有本题的信息，即同选项C的说法是一致的。

　　．Which could be the best title for the text?

　　A．Improve quality? Serve better.B．Deliver value? Plough ahead.

　　C．Reduce time? Move faster.D．Need speed? Slow down.

　　答案：D。主旨大意题。文章的开头就已经点明了本文的主题方向，即：公司想方设法提高工作速度；而文中通过分析比较不同公司的不同的做法和他们对于速度不同的理解，如果没有好的决策，适得其反，故选项D是最佳答案。

　　“To be or not to be”．Outside the Bible, these six words are the most famous in all the literature of the world．They were spoken by Hamlet when he was thinking aloud, and they are the most famous words in Shakespeare because Hamlet was speaking not only for himself but for every thinking man and woman．To be or not to be----to live or not to live, to live richly and abundantly and eagerly, or to live dully and meanly and scarcely．A philosopher once wanted to know whether he was alive or not, which is a good question for everyone to put to himself occasionally．He answered it by saying, “I think, therefore I am．”

　　But the best definition of existence I ever saw was one written by another philosopher who said, “To be is to be in relations．” If this is true, then the more relations a living thing has, the more it is alive．To live abundantly means simply to increase the range and intensity （强度） of our relations．Unfortunately, we are so constituted that we get to love our routine．But other than our regular occupation, how much are we alive? If you are interested only in your regular occupation, you are alive only to that extent．So far as other things are concerned----poetry and prose, music, pictures, sports unselfish friendships, politics, international affairs----you are dead．

　　On the contrary, it is true that every time you acquire a new interest----even more, a new accomplishment----you increase your power of life．No one who is deeply interested in different kinds of subjects can remain unhappy．The real pessimist is the person who has lost interest．

　　Bacon said that a man dies as often as he loses a friend．But we gain new life by contacts with new friends, and new ideas and thoughts, too．Where your thoughts are, there will be your life also．If your thoughts are limited only to your business, only to your physical welfare, only to your narrow circle of the town in which you live, then you live in a narrow restricted life．But if you are interested in the characters of a good novel, then you are living with those highly interested people; if you listen intently to fine music, you are always away from immediate surroundings and living in a world of passion and imagination．

　　To be or not to be ---- to live intensely and richly, or merely to exist, that depends on ourselves．Let us widen and intensify our relations．While we live, let us live．

　　1．What does the author mainly want to do by this passage?

　　A．Argue against an idea． B．Put forward an idea．

　　C．Introduce some famous sayings． D．Explain some famous sayings．

　　2．What does the underlined word “pessimist” most probably mean?

　　A．Somebody who always expects the worst to happen．

　　B．Somebody who is always interested in making new friends．

　　C．Somebody who always lives in a world of passion and imagination．

　　D．Somebody who likes to live a rich and abundant life．

　　3．Which of the following behaviors is most probably NOT encouraged by the author?

　　A．Thinking more than your own business．

　　B．Caring only about your physical welfare．

　　C．Reading good novels．

　　D．Listening to fine music．

　　4．What is the main idea of the passage?

　　A．To be or not to be, that is a question．

　　B．I think, therefore I am．

　　C．To be is to be in relations．

　　D．A man dies as often as he loses a friend．

　　【参考答案】1—4、BABC

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　The diversity of the original American Indian settlers was not quite as great as that of the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries when waves of European, Asian and unwilling African immigrants arrived on American shores. However, the First Americans did have more far-going origins that were ever suspected. For example, Brace’s studies have revealed that the Blackfoot, Iroquois, and other tribes from Minnesota, Michigan, Ontario, and Massachusetts came down from the Jomon, a prehistoric people of Japan. The Inuit in the far north and tribal groups who once lived down the Eastern seaboard into Florida appear to be a later branch from the trunk of the Jomon family tree. The Athabaskan-speaking people from the Yukon and northern-western Canada, who spread as far south as Arizona and northern Mexico, appear to trace their origins to China. “Their facial shapes link them more closely to the living Chinese than to any other population in either part of the world,” says Brace.

　　Johanna Nichols, a Professor of Slavic languages and literature at the University of California at Berkeley, says that new evidence from native languages throughout the New World strongly suggests that humans have been in the Americas since as early as 40,000 BC. She says that it is only along the west coast that languages appear to have come from immigrants who arrived after the ice age, 14,000 years ago.

　　Nichols also has some different ideas about the direction in which the country was settled. Breaking with the traditional view of migrations, she says that the inside of North America was colonized not only from Siberia but also from the south.

　　To bolster her argument for an early settlement date, Nichols points to findings from the Monte Verde site in southern Chile. It has been dated at 12,500 years old, which means the area was occupied during the last ice age. And, the Monte Verde people would have needed at least 6,500 years to travel from Alaska to Chile. Yet, that only takes us back to about 19,000 years ago. Her research suggests a very high degree of language diversity is something that happens only with time. She insists that the approximately 150 distinct native American language families we know of today must have required at least 35,000 years to develop.

　　1. In the first paragraph the writer uses the word “unwilling” to show that _______.

　　A. the Africans came against the will of most Americans

　　B. the Africans came without the approval of their parents

　　C. the Africans were taken here against their own will

　　D. the Europeans who came at the time didn’t want the Africans to come together

　　2. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the Athabaskan-speaking people?

　　A. They were related to people living in Japan in prehistoric times.

　　B. They were a branch from the trunk of the Jomon family tree.

　　C. They have no links to any other people.

　　D. They were thought to have certain links to the ancestors of the Chinese people.

　　3. The underlined word bolster in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to _______.

　　A. use

　　B. have

　　C. support

　　D. build

　　4. From the passage we can know _______.

　　A. people in the Americas today are believed to have probably come down only from the north

　　B. Nichols strongly suggests that humans have lived in the Americas for about 6,500 years

　　C. Nichols supports the traditional ideas about the direction in which the country was settled

　　D. it surely takes a very long time for language diversity to come about

　　【参考答案】1—4、CDCD

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　One night, I was partying in central London, near Piccadilly Circus. Running short of money, I set off to find the nearest ATM to withdraw some cash. At Shaftesbury Avenue, I saw a huge queue for one ATM machine, but no one was using the neighboring “hole in the wall”. Assuming that the second machine was broken, I asked one queuing man if it was out of order. He replied, “It’s working, but this one pays out twenties for tenners!”

　　So the reason for the weirdly long queue is that these folks wanted to “double their money” by getting £20 notes for each £10 note requested. Being an honest man, I didn’t hang about; I simply used the idle machine and walked off.

　　Last week, customers took similar advantage of Commonwealth Bank in Sydney, Australia. Following overnight maintenance, a computer virus caused CommBank’s ATMs to fail to function properly and begin paying out extra money, with unrestricted withdrawals. They allowed customers with little or no cash in their accounts to withdraw large sums that they didn’t have. After about 5½ hours, CommBank managed to restart these ATMs and stop the flood of cash.

　　You stole your own cash!

　　By withdrawing money they didn’t have in their accounts, some of these greedy customers have gone heavily overdrawn. News reports indicate that some people were withdrawing as much as AU$2,500 (£1,563) in a single dealing.

　　Alas, both CommBank and the New South Wales police said that they will use ATM records and cameras to track down those who took advantage of the error. As Detective Superintendent Col Dyson of the New South Wales police department warned, “People should realise that they don’t have the right to take that money and are committing a criminal offence if they keep it.”

　　What about overpayments?

　　What about when you key in a £20 withdrawal and you get two £20 notes, not two £10 notes?

　　In English law (covering England and Wales), you have the right to keep money paid to you in error “under mistake of fact”, but only if you honestly believe that the money is yours.

　　However, if you requested £20, got £40 and £40 was allowed to be lent to you, then the cash is yours to keep, as neither you nor the bank has suffered any loss.

　　1. The words “hole in the wall” refer to _______.

　　A. a real hole in the wall

　　B. another ATM

　　C. the mouth of a neighbour

　　D. a common machine

　　2. We learn from the passage that the writer _______.

　　A. saw a huge queue on his way to a party and joined them

　　B. people queued up to withdraw money because the other ATMs were broken

　　C. had to use the unoccupied ATM to get some cash because he was in a hurry

　　D. was critical of what he saw when withdrawing cash from an ATM

　　3. According to the passage, _______.

　　A. last week, an ATM in Sydney, Australia paid out AU$10 for every request for AU$20

　　B. an ATM in Sydney, Australia was paying out more money than asked for because the bank owner had lifted the restriction

　　C. the machine paid out more money than requested even when a person had no money in his account

　　D. some people have been arrested on charge of getting extra money in the two happenings

　　4. From the part subtitled “What about overpayments?”, we can know _______.

　　A. some English laws don’t cover all Britain

　　B. if the money you asked for was more than requested, you’d always have to return the extra money

　　C. if people kept the extra money they got at a bank they might pretend they did not know it

　　D. people committed a crime by getting the extra money even if they had that much in their account

　　【参考答案】1—4、BDCA