话题词汇
1.earthquake n.地震
2.tsunami n.海啸
3.famine n.饥荒
4.shelter n.避难所
5.victim n.受灾者
6.natural disaster自然灾害
7.stricken area受灾地区
8.a state of emergency紧急状态
9.the caring donation爱心捐赠
10.donate blood义务献血
经典语篇
近年来地震的频繁发生给人类的生存带来了严重影响，为此你所在的学校要求学生平时多了解关于地震逃生的方法。现在，请你用英语为班里的同学做一次地震时在室内如何逃生的讲解，请结合下面要点写一篇英语发言稿。
1.来不及跑时可迅速躲到坚固的家具下面或卫生间里面；
2.趴下，闭目，并用毛巾等捂住口鼻，以阻挡灰尘；
3.尽量关掉煤气开关或电器开关；
4.不要外逃或从楼上跳下，不能使用电梯。
注意：1.词数150左右；
2.短文要求包含以上要点，但不必逐条翻译；
3.可以适当发挥，增加细节，以使行文连贯。
佳作欣赏
My dear classmates，we all know that life is precious.Then how can we protect ourselves when we come across a horrible earthquake？Now let me give you some advice on how to survive an earthquake①.
When a serious earthquake takes place，we should hide in a bathroom or under some strong furniture immediately.At the same time we’d better fall on the ground and close our eyes with a towel on our nose and mouth② to stop the dust.If it is possible，please turn off the gas stop③ and the electric power switch.But you mustn’t try to run out or jump off a building.And do remember not to use the elevator④.
That’s all.Thank you!
思维发散
1.仿照第①句用“介词＋疑问词＋to do...”翻译句子
你们决定好什么时候去上海了吗？
Have you decided on when to go to Shanghai?
2.仿照第②句用“with复合结构”完成句子
有一些问题尚待解决，因此我们还需尽快再召开一次会议。
With several problems remaining to be solved，we still needed to hold another meeting as soon as possible.
3.将第③句改为省略句
If possible，please turn off the gas stop.
4.仿照第④句用“do表强调”翻译句子
务请帮我解答这道数学题。
Do help me with this maths problem.
Ⅰ.重点单词
A.写作单词
1.crime (n.)罪，罪行
2.income (n.)收入，收益
3.breakthrough (n.)突破
4.ordinary (adj.)普通的，一般的
5.summary (n.)总结；概括，概要
6.favour (n.)赞同，支持；恩惠，帮助；偏爱，偏袒
7.transform (vt.)使改变外观或性质(尤指向好的方向)；使改变形态
8.tasty (adj.)美味的，可口的
taste (v.)品尝
9.agriculture (n.)农业
agricultural (adj.)农业的
10.reliable (adj.)可信赖的，可依靠的
rely (v.)依靠，依赖
11.actual (adj.)真实的，实际的
actually (adv.)实际上；事实上
12.judgement (n.)判断力；看法，评价；(法律)判决
judge (v.)判断
13.accurate (adj.)准确的，精确的
accurately (adv.)准确地，精确地
14.exact (adj.)精确的，准确的
exactly (adv.)精确地，准确地；确实如此
15.profession (n.)职业，行业
professional (adj.)职业的，专业的；(n.)专业人员
16.brief (adj.)短时间的，短暂的；简洁的，简单的
briefly (adv.)短暂地；简短地
17.profit (n.)利润，收益；(vt.& vi.)获益；对……有用
profitable (adj.)有利可图的，有益的
18.adopt (vt.)收养，领养；采用，采纳
adoption (n.)收养，领养；采用
adopted (adj.)收养的，领养的
19.intention (n.)意图，目的；企图
intend (vt.& vi.)打算，计划，想要
intended (adj.)打算的，计划的
20.consideration (n.)仔细考虑；必须考虑的因素；体谅，顾及
consider (v.)考虑；认为
considerate (adj.)考虑周到的，体贴的
considering (prep.)考虑到，鉴于，就……而言
considerable (adj.)相当多(大、重要等)的
B.阅读单词
21.concept (n.)概念；观念
22.conduct (vt.)实施；指挥乐队
23.confirm (vt.& vi.)证实，证明；确认；使确信
24.original (adj.)原来的，起初的；首创的；非复制的
origin (n.)起源；出身，来历
25.anxiety (n.)忧虑，焦虑，不安
anxious (adj.)焦虑的，渴望的
anxiously (adv.)焦虑地
26.consequence (n.)结果，后果
consequent (adj.)随之而来的，作为结果的
consequently (adv.)因此，所以
27.relation (n.)关系；亲戚
relate (vt.& vi.)联系，把……联系起来；叙述，讲述
related (adj.)相关的，有联系的
28.majority (n.)多数，大多数
major (adj.)主要的；多数的；(vi.)主修
minority (n.)少数民族；少数，少数人
minor (adj.)较小的；次要的
Ⅱ.重点短语
1.for sale供出售，待销售
2.in favour of赞同，支持
3.be/get burnt out耗尽体力，累垮
4.follow in one’s footsteps效仿某人
5.take...into consideration认真考虑
6.toy with戏弄，摆弄；把……当作儿戏
7.push ahead with义无反顾地进行，努力推进
8.on the one hand...on the other hand...一方面……另一方面……
Ⅲ.经典句式
1.The first mammal to be cloned successfully from an adult cell was Dolly the sheep.
第一只成功地用成年动物细胞克隆出的哺乳动物是多利羊。
2.The boy was more frightened than hurt.
这个男孩与其说受伤不如说是害怕。
3.On the one hand，some scientists point out that if you clone an embryo，you can produce valuable human tissues—such as bone or lung tissue—that could be used to save human lives.On the other hand，...
一方面，一些科学家指出如果克隆人类胚胎，你就可以制造出宝贵的人体组织——如骨组织或肺组织——它们可以用来拯救人类的生命。另一方面，……
4.In China，scientists have focused their efforts on cloning animals，as well as cloned tissues to be used in medical treatment.
在中国，科学家们除了致力于用于医疗方面的器官的克隆还致力于动物的克隆。
5.Nowhere is this truer than with genetically modified(GM) food.
转基因食品就是最好的例子。
1
[应试指导] as a consequence作为高级词汇替换as a result
1as a consequence＝in consequence＝as a result结果，因此
as a consequence of＝in consequence of＝as a result of由于
take/suffer/face the consequences of承担……的结果，后果
answer for the consequence对后果负责
2consequent adj.必然的；随之发生的
3consequently adv.因此；必然地
(1)If we toy with nature，we will have to deal with the consequences.
如果我们戏弄自然，我们将不得不自食其果。
(2)His death is totally unexpected，in consequence，no plans have been made as to his replacement.
他的死很突然，所以，根本没有计划好替补人员。
(3)We must take the consequences of our own deed.
我们必须为自己的行为承担后果。
多维训练
(1)完成句子
①他妈妈生病了，因此他放弃了出国的机会。
His mother got sick.As a consequence，he gave up the chance to go abroad.
②如果出了什么事，我愿承担后果。
If anything goes wrong，I will answer for the consequences.
(2)Many houses were completely destroyed in the hurricane.
，the victims had to live in the temporary shelters offered by the Red Cross.
A.As a result of
B.As a consequence
C.As usual
D.As for
答案 B
解析 句意为：许多房子在飓风中被完全破坏。因此，受害者不得不住在红十字会提供的临时庇护所。as a consequence因此，符合句意。
2
[多词一义] in brief，briefly (speaking)，to be brief
in brief简言之
in short总之，综上所述
to be brief简言之
briefly speaking简言之
brief and to the point简明扼要
(1)She once made a brief appearance on television.
她曾经在电视上短暂露面。
(2)The professor doesn’t remember the comments he or she wrote on your individual piece of work—though he or she will be able to recall them after just a brief glance at your work.
教授记不住他/她在每个学生作业上的评语——尽管他/她稍微瞥一眼就能回忆起来。(2015·浙江)
(3)To be brief，she was happy with that result.
简而言之，她对那个结果感到满意。
多维训练
(1)完成句子
①His remarks were brief and to the point(简明扼要).
②To be brief/In brief/Briefly speaking (简言之)，I hate asking any favors of her.
(2)Apart from the use of alcohol，there are actually healthier ways that can work just as
.
A.briefly
B.slowly
C.suddenly
D.effectively
答案 D
解析 句意为：除了用酒精，事实上还有一些更健康和有效的方法。briefly简要地；slowly慢慢地；suddenly 突然地；effectively 有效地。所以选D。
3
[应试指导] 写作高分句式：It is/has been confirmed that...
1confirm sb.in sth.使某人确信某事
confirm sb.as...批准某人担任……
confirm that...证实……
It is/has been confirmed that...已经证实/确定……
2confirmation n.确认，证实
(1)The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County，Ohio，in 1900.
最后一只被证实的美国野鸽在1900年被俄亥俄州派克县的一名男孩射杀。
(2)The president confirmed him as secretary of state.
总统任命他为国务卿。
(3)Therefore，we cannot confirm that food from cloned animals is really safe for humans to eat.
所以，我们不能确保来自克隆动物身上的食物吃起来真的安全。
(4)It has been confirmed that teachers’ salary will be closely connected with their performance.
已经得到证实教师的工资将会与他们的业绩挂钩。
多维训练
(1)完成句子
①It has been confirmed that(已经得到证实) the 31st Olympic Games will be held in Brazil.
②The latest information confirms me in(使我确信) the belief that he is to blame for the accident.
(2)Two horrible accidents in Jilin Province in 2017
our belief that stronger safety regulations are needed.
A.confirm
B.combine
C.conduct
D.confuse
答案 A
解析 句意为：2017年吉林省的两次重大事故使我们坚信需要制定更强有力的安全法规。所以选A。
4
[应试指导] 写作高频词汇in favour of
ask a favour of sb.求人帮一个忙
do a favour for sb.＝do sb.a favour帮某人一个忙
in favour of赞成，主张
in one’s favour对某人有利
out of favour失宠的；不流行的
(1)I asked a favour of him once，but he refused pointblank.
我求过他帮一个忙，但他断然拒绝了。
(2)He’s going to do John a favour.＝He’s going to do a favour for John.
他准备给约翰帮个忙。
(3)The exchange rate is in our favour for the time being.
汇率暂时对我们有利。
多维训练
(1)完成句子
①Fortunately，the situation is in our favour(形势对我们有利) at the moment，so we are (sitting) on top of the world.
②Was he in favour of or against the plan(支持还是反对这个计划)?
(2)We need to repair our possessions
throwing them away.
A.by
B.in favour of
C.after
D.instead of
答案 D
解析 句意为：我们需要修复我们的财产而不是丢弃。instead of而不是，所以选D。
(3)Most of them were
my opinion while David was against it.
A.in honour of
B.in favour of
C.in search of
D.in memory of
答案 B
解析 句意为：他们中大多数人支持我的看法，然而大卫却反对。in favour of支持，赞成，与against相对。所以选B。
5
push ahead with/push forward with努力推进
push aside把……搁置一边，不考虑
push one’s way through挤过去
push over推翻，推倒
push up增高，提高
(1)While cloning human embryos is not legal in many countries，some scientists are already pushing ahead with research in order to produce a cloned human baby.
尽管克隆人类胚胎在一些国家不合法，一些科学家为了克隆出人类婴儿已经在推进研究工作。
(2)Schools should push ahead with education for allround development.
学校应该推行素质教育。
(3)You must push these negative thoughts aside to better cooperate with your team members.
为了更好地与队员合作，你必须抛开消极的想法。
(4)We had to push our way through the crowd.
我们必须从人群中挤过去。
多维训练
(1)他们开始推行新政策。
They began to push ahead with the new policy.
(2)我们有信心能够排除一切困难。
We are confident that we can push over all difficulties.
(3)一些分析师说销售额的公布帮助推高了房地产市场的售价。
Some analysts said the announcements of the sales helped push up prices in the property market.
6
[多词一义] be burnt out，be tired out，be worn out，be exhausted
burn...to the ground把……烧成平地
burn down把……烧毁；渐渐烧完
be burning to do sth.热切盼望做某事
burn oneself/sb.out耗尽体力；累垮
(1)By the age of 25 she was completely burnt out and retired from the sport.
她到25岁时就已体力不支，退出了体坛。
(2)But one thing’s for sure—if you don’t like the feeling of a burning tongue，this festival isn’t for you!
但是有件事很确定——如果你不喜欢舌头火辣辣的感觉，这个节日就不适合你！(2015·福建)
(3)Rumor has it that the factory was burned down.
谣传那家工厂被大火烧毁了。
多维训练
(1)用适当的介、副词填空
①You’ll burn yourself out if you work so hard.
②She felt colder as the fire burned down.
③The house was burnt to the ground.
(2)同义句改写
He is eager to tell us his great success.(用burn短语改写)
He is burning to tell us his great success.
7
up to＋数字/n.多达/达到；胜任工作
sth.be up to sb.某事由某人决定
sb.be up to sth.某人忙于某事
(1)Legs can be made up to 8 cm longer.
腿可以被拉长长达8厘米。
(2)It is up to you to decide where we will go for an outing.
去哪儿郊游取决于你。
(3)The work isn’t up to the standard I require.
工作没达到我要求的标准。
(4)—What are the boys up to at the back of the yard?
—They are up to no good.
——那些男孩们在院子后面搞什么鬼？
——他们干不了好事。
多维训练
(1)写出下列句中up to的汉语意思
①I can take up to four people in my car.多达
②As a doctor，he is not up to Mr Smith.比得上
③It’s up to you whether we accept the present or not.取决于
④Is their spoken English up to the company’s standard？达到
(2)Though good at acting，he is not
the part of Hamlet.
A.down to
B.in to
C.up to
D.on to
答案 C
解析 句意为：尽管擅长表演，但他也不能胜任哈姆雷特的角色。up to胜任，符合句意。
8
take...into consideration认真考虑；把……考虑在内
[应试指导] (1)consider后接非谓语动词的考查 (2)写作高分句式：It is considered that...，sb.be considered＋不定式
1consideration n.仔细考虑；体谅，顾及；必须考虑的因素
under consideration在考虑中
2considerate adj.考虑周到的；为他人着想的；体谅的，体贴的
3consider v.认为；考虑
4considerable adj.值得考虑的；相当多的
5considering prep.考虑到；鉴于
(1)You must take my plan into consideration.
你必须对我的计划加以考虑。
(2)It was considerate of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.
Michael通知我们他要迟一会儿以防我们担心，想得真周到。(2015·福建)
(3)Considering this，you might expect the book to be a dry recitation of facts.
鉴于此，你也许会料定这本书就是干巴巴地描述事实。(2015·湖北)
多维训练
(1)用consider的适当形式填空
①What a pity! Considering his ability and experience，he might have done better.
②I’ve always understood one should try to be considerate of other people.
③He said there should be careful consideration，of the future role of the BBC.
④Everything taken into consideration，it’s practical.
(2)同义句改写
He is considered to have invented the telephone.(用it作形式主语改写)
It is considered that he invented the telephone.
9
多维训练
(1)用exact的适当形式填空
①The twins were wearing exactly the same clothes.
②Please give me your exact age and address.
③It happened late last century in 1998，to be exact.
(2)—So you gave her your phone?
—
，she said she’d return it to me when she could afford her own.
A.My pleasure
B.Not exactly
C.No doubt
D.All right
答案 B
解析 句意为：——如此看来，你把你的手机给了她？——也不完全是这样，她说她能买上自己的手机时就把它还给我。my pleasure(对别人表示感谢时的一种礼貌回答)不客气，很乐意效劳；not exactly(纠正对方刚说过的话)不完全是这样；no doubt毫无疑问；all right好吧。
10
多维训练
(1)用adopt的适当形式填空
Tom was adopted by Mr.Black，so we can say Tom was Mr.Black’s adopted son and Mr.Black was Tom’s adoptive father.
(2)Considering the advantages of the method，they decided to
it.
A.arrange
B.possess
C.adopt
D.adapt
答案 C
解析 句意为：考虑到这个方法的优势，他们决定采用。所以选C。
11
多维训练
用适当的介词填空
(1)She helps to transform literature into braille(盲文) for the blind.(2017·天津)
(2)These efforts have transformed the bald hill into one covered with green trees all over.
(3)That country is transforming from backward agricultural country into an advanced industrial one.
12
多维训练
(1)完成句子
①你会考虑演员之外的职业吗？
Would you consider a profession outside of acting?
②他是个好作家，尽管不是职业作家。
He is a good writer，although he is not a writer by profession.
(2)She has just graduated from a nursing school，and is going to enter the nursing
.
A.performance
B.presentation
C.profession
D.preference
答案 C
解析 句意为：她刚刚从卫校毕业，即将迈入护理行业。故选C。
13
多维训练
(1)他告诉我他已经取得突破。
He told me he had had a breakthrough.
(2)六方会谈为何难以取得突破？
Why does it seem difficult to make a breakthrough at the six Party Talks?
14
[图解助记]
多维训练
(1)We live in a country where women are in the majority(占大多数).
(2)同义句改写
I’m a history major.
①My major is history.(major作主语)
②I major in history.(major v.)
(3)It is reported that
the young with their parents working in distant cities，suffer from a sense of loneliness.
A.the most of
B.the majority of
C.the number of
D.a large amount of
答案 B
解析 句意为：据报道，那些父母在遥远的城市工作的年轻人大部分都有孤独感。所以选B。
(4)Onethird of the country
covered with trees and the majority of the citizens
black people.
A.is；are
B.is；is
C.are；are
D.are；is
答案 A
解析 句意为：这个国家的森林覆盖面积占国土面积的三分之一，并且大多数市民都是黑人。“分数/百分数＋名词”作主语时，其谓语动词的单复数取决于名词的形式；“the majority of＋名词”作主语时，其谓语动词的单复数也取决于名词的形式。故本题选A项。
15
On the one hand，some scientists point out that if you clone an embryo，you can produce valuable human tissues—such as bone or lung tissue—that could be used to save human lives.On the other hand，...
一方面，一些科学家指出如果克隆人类胚胎，就可以制造出宝贵的人体组织——如骨组织或肺组织——它们可以用来拯救人类的生命。另一方面，……
on the one hand...on the other (hand)...一方面……另一方面……
on the other hand另一方面
for one thing...，for another...一则……；二则……
[特别提醒]
on the one hand...on the other (hand)...常表达相矛盾的两方面；for one thing...，for another...陈述的两方面情况常一致。
(1)On the one hand I admire his gifts，but on the other I distrust his judgement.
一方面我羡慕他的才华，而另一方面我却怀疑他的判断力。
(2)On the one hand，I want to go to the party，but on the other hand I ought to be studying.
一方面，我想去参加聚会，但另一方面，我应该学习。
(3)He is fit for the job.For one thing，he is good at English；for another，he knows how to use a computer.
他能胜任那份工作。一则他擅长英语；二则，他会用电脑。
多维训练
(1)翻译句子
①一方面我们应该呼吁公众提高认识，另一方面我们应该立即行动。
On the one hand，we are supposed to appeal to the public to deepen the understanding，but on the other hand，we ourselves should do it immediately.
②我不去。一则我已经看过这部电影，二则今晚我有一个重要会议要参加。
I won’t go.For one thing，I have seen the film；for another I have an important meeting to attend tonight.
(2)I would like a job which pays more，but
I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment.
A.in other words
B.on the other hand
C.for one thing
D.as a matter of fact
答案 B
解析 句意为：我想找个工资更丰厚的工作，但另一方面，我又喜欢现在做的工作。所以选B。
16
Nowhere is this truer than with genetically modified GMfood.转基因食品就是最好的例子。
(1)Nowhere...truer...“没有比这更好的了(这是最好的)”。此处是否定词和比较级连用表达最高级的意义。
(2)最高级意义的多种表达法：
①比较级＋than＋
②否定词＋so/as＋形容词(副词)原级＋as
③否定词＋形容词(副词)比较级(＋than)
④The＋形容词(副词)最高级
(1)Nothing is easier than this.＝Nothing is so easy as this.这是最容易的事。
(2)No film character has ever been more widely enjoyed than her.
没有哪个电影角色比她更受欢迎了。
(3)—Do you think our basketball players played very well yesterday?
—They couldn’t have done better.
——你认为我们的篮球队员昨天打得很好吗？
——他们打得再好不过了。
多维训练
(1)一句多译
汤姆是他班上最聪明的学生。
①Tom is more intelligent than any other student in his class.
②Tom is more intelligent than any of the other students in his class.
③Tom is more intelligent than all the other students in his class.
④Tom is more intelligent than anyone else in his class.
⑤No one is as intelligent as Tom in his class.
⑥No one is more intelligent than Tom in his class.
⑦Tom is the most intelligent student in his class.
(2)—What do you think of the hotel?
—Wonderful.You couldn’t have found
.
A.the good one
B.a better one
C.a best one
D.the best one
答案 B
解析 答句中对宾馆评价很好。所以应该是“你不可能找到比这个更好的宾馆了。”故选择B。
微写作
写作素材 (关于科学)
1.科学家已在遗传学方面取得突破。
2.他们已获得准确的科学数据，这对人类是有益处的。
3.医师们希望在不久的将来人们能活得更久更快乐。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。
连句成篇 (将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
Scientists have made a breakthrough in genetics.They have gained accurate scientific data，which are beneficial to human beings.Physicians hope that in the near future people can live longer and happier.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1.Life can be tough sometimes，but the elderly always tell us that we can
the bad into the good with efforts and wisdom.
A.transform
B.exchange
C.transport
D.consume
答案 A
解析 考查动词辨析。transform...into...把……转变为……，符合题意。
2.Don’t try to persuade my parents；they won’t have the
of forgiving me.
A.intention
B.attention
C.inspiration
D.attraction
答案 A
解析 考查名词辨析。句意为：不要试图说服我父母，他们不打算原谅我。intention意图，目的，符合句意。故选A项。
3.The two Chinese scientists have made a great discovery，which marks a major
in the basic research in the field.
A.identity
B.approach
C.arrest
D.breakthrough
答案 D
解析 考查名词辨析。句意为：这两个中国科学家做出了重大发现，这一发现标志着在这个领域的基础研究的重大突破。故D项符合句意。
4.The party will be held in the garden，weather
.
A.permitting
B.to permit
C.permitted
D.permit
答案 A
解析 句意为：如果天气允许的话，聚会将在花园里举行。weather permitting是独立主格形式，相当于if引导的条件状语从句，即if weather permits。所以选A。
5.—You mean somebody in the room must be the murderer?
—
.
A.Completely
B.Exactly
C.Precisely
D.Surprisingly
答案 B
解析 考查情景对话。exactly表示完全同意别人的观点。所以选择B。
6.When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster，many teachers would prefer to see him step aside
younger men.
A.in terms of
B.in need of
C.in favour of
D.in praise of
答案 C
解析 句意为：当被问及他们对校长的意见时，许多老师都希望看到他让位给年轻人。in terms of谈及，就……而言；in need of需要；in favour of支持，赞同；in praise of歌颂。根据句意可知应选C项。
7.His suggestion has been
by people in many parts of the world.
A.adopting
B.adopted
C.adapted
D.adapting
答案 B
解析 句意为：他的建议被世界许多地方的人所采纳。主语和动词之间是被动关系，排除A、D两项，“采纳”是adopt，故正确答案为B。
8.He had been ill for a long time and
he missed many classes.
A.however
B.otherwise
C.consequently
D.despite
答案 C
解析 句意为：他病了很长时间所以落下了许多课。consequently因此，所以，结果，符合句意。
9.This treatment is not available in
of hospitals.
A.most
B.majority
C.the most
D.the majority
答案 D
解析 句意为：大多数医院不采用这种治疗法。the majority of hospitals＝most of the hospitals。所以选择D。
10.Please bring something with you that
your identity.
A.confirms
B.says
C.explains
D.desires
答案 A
解析 句意为：请带上能证明你身份的东西。confirm证明，证实，符合题意。所以选择A。
11.Tell me
how it came about that you were 20 minutes late for class.You needn’t go into details.
A.in advance
B.in vain
C.in total
D.in brief
答案 D
解析 in advance提前，事先；in vain徒劳；in total总共；in brief简洁地。句意为：简洁地告诉我你迟到20分钟是怎么回事。你不需要说得很详细。in brief简言之，以简洁的形式，故选D。
12.You must take everything into
when you want to do a difficult task.
A.observation
B.regard
C.counting
D.consideration
答案 D
解析 句意为：当你想完成一项困难任务的时候，你必须把一切考虑在内。take...into consideration把……考虑在内。所以选择D。
13.What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has been
？
A.given out
B.put out
C.held up
D.used up
答案 D
解析 句意为：当世界上所有的石油都用完时，我们会用什么作为能源呢？use up用完，符合句意。give out分发；put out扑灭；hold up支撑，延迟。
14.
I wish to go to the party together with you，
I’ve got a report to finish tonight.
A.Although；but
B.Though；however
C.On the one hand；but on the other hand
D.However；but
答案 C
解析 句意为：一方面，我想和你一起去参加聚会，但另一方面我有报告今晚要完成。故C项符合。
15.Everybody said it was a perfect marriage；no one had ever known
couple.
A.the happier
B.a happier
C.a happiest
D.the happiest
答案 B
解析 句意为：大家都说那是一桩美满的婚姻，没有人认识(比他们)更幸福的一对了。根据句意，可知设空处应该用比较级，故排除C、D两项；“定冠词＋形容词比较级”表示“两者当中较……的”，所以A项不合题意；而“不定冠词＋形容词比较级”表示“更……的一个”，故B项符合题意。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
If Tu’s winning of the Nobel Prize is taken as an achievement of the TCM(Traditional Chinese Medicine)，it may do more harm than good to TCM.
Chinese scientist Tu Youyou，together with Irishborn William Campbell and Japan’s Satoshi Omura，won the 2015 Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine.While it marks the international recognition of the country’s scientific accomplishments，some people have wrongfully attributed Tu’s feat to Traditional Chinese Medicine.
Admittedly，Tu won the prize mainly for her success in obtaining the pure substance of qinghaosu，later known as artemisinin (now a standard drug for malaria) from sweet wormwood，a traditional Chinese herbal medicine.But since its extraction method is poles apart from the typical TCM methodology of mixing various herbals，it can hardly be seen as an achievement of TCM.In other words，TCM practitioners may still use dried sweet wormwood to treat malaria patients today，but few of them would consider using artemisinin.
However，TCM methodology certainly contributed to Tu’s findings.Tu said she drew inspiration from the fourthcentury Chinese pharmacist Ge Hong，who suggested in a book that drinking the juice obtained from sweet wormwood soaked in water can treat malaria.
“It occurred to me that high temperatures could have destroyed the (antimalaria) activity，” Tu told the Associated Press.
Before Tu，researchers had tried to extract something from the same herb to treat malaria，but failed since they had done that at high temperatures.Tu switched to using ether (乙醚)at lower temperatures and succeeded in extracting artemisinin.
Despite this，extracting artemisinin is purely modern pharmaceutical method and the product is no different from other chemical medicines in terms of production methodology.
Some people may have attempted to promote the role of TCM by attributing Tu’s findings to it and portraying her winning of the Nobel Prize as a sign of its international recognition.While it is understandable，such a stance will only backfire and do harm to the healthy growth of TCM.
TCM is starkly different from modern medicine in terms of both analytical methodology and medicines used for treatment.Primarily，it aims to restore the inner physical balance of a patient instead of killing any specific viruses or illnesses (the modern way of treatment).For patients with the same illnesses，TCM practitioners may prescribe very different medicines because the causes，according to the TCM theories，may differ.Generally，a group of herbs are used in TCM treatment to bring out the combined force of the mixture.
For many trained physicians of modern medicine，such a methodology is hard to understand.They often shrug it as a proof of the irrationality and even absurdity of the TCM.
But for patients，it is always a treatment’s effectiveness that matters the most.There have been reports and medical records of cases in which some experienced TCM practitioners have successfully cured some chronic diseases and even fatal diseases，such as cancer，that are seen as incurable using modern medicine.
How can TCM practitioners achieve this? It is a consensus among TCM practitioners that it is not because of any single magical herb，but because of the proper mixing of herbs in accordance with classical TCM theories.
There are many advocates in China for the modernization of the TCM.They argue that TCM should be reformed by using modern medicine methodology.The country has spent a lot of money on that drive in the past decades，which mainly involves the exploration and extraction of effective ingredients from the various herbs and the standardization of TCM prescriptions so that TCM can be utilized in a “scientific” way.The idea sounds attractive，but it has turned out to be largely ineffective in curing diseases.
If Tu’s winning of the Nobel Prize is taken as an achievement of the TCM，as some have recklessly interpreted，it may do more harm than good to TCM，since there would be more people pushing for modernizing the TCM，possibly leading to the loss of its unique analytical and treatment methodologies，without which TCM would no longer be as effective in curing diseases.
16.What does the underlined phrase “is poles apart from” probably mean in the 3rd paragraph?
A.Is similar to.
B.Is different from.
C.Is due to.
D.Is rooted in.
答案 B
解析 词义猜测题。由画线部分所在句尤其是since后的原因所导致的结果是“it can hardly be seen as an achievement of TCM”可知，“extraction method”与把各种中药混合在一起的典型的中药方法不同。故选B。
17.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A.Tu succeeded in obtaining artemisinin by employing TCM production methodology.
B.TCM aims to restore the inner physical balance of a patient by killing any specific viruses or illnesses.
C.The difference between Tu’s treatment and TCM practitioners’ lies in the fact that they use different raw materials.
D.When it comes to Tu’s success，she was in fact inspired by TCM.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Tu said she drew inspiration from the fourthcentury Chinese pharmacist Ge Hong，”可知屠呦呦的成功，实际上是从中医当中得到了灵感。故选D。
18.Why is not proper to take Tu’s success as an achievement of the TCM according to the author?
A.Because Tu used a different method to extract artemisinin.
B.Because TCM would no longer be as effective in curing diseases.
C.Because TCM will be more urged to get modernized.
D.It will discourage more scientists from trying to make great achievements.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中“But since its extraction method is poles apart from the typical TCM methodology of mixing various herbals，it can hardly be seen as an achievement of TCM.”据此可知把屠呦呦的成功当作是中医的成功不恰当，因为屠呦呦使用了一种不同于中医的方法来提取青蒿素。故选A。
19.In the eyes of many trained physicians of modern medicine，TCM
.
A.may be used to cure diseases that are seen as incurable using modern medicine
B.is a complete different methodology
C.sounds unscientific and even absurd
D.is impossible to get internationally recognized
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第十段“For many trained physicians of modern medicine，such a methodology is hard to understand.They often shrug it as a proof of the irrationality and even absurdity of the TCM.”可知在现代的许多训练有素的医生看来，中药听起来很不科学，甚至有点荒谬。故选C。
20.What conclusion can we draw from the article?
A.TCM is actually superior to modem medicine.
B.If modernized，TCM will lose its effectiveness.
C.TCM shouldn’t be developed in a scientific way.
D.We should try to promote TCM and modern medicine using different methodologies.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。这篇短文主要谈到了屠呦呦的获奖以及中医在发展中遇到的一些问题，文章分析了我们为什么不能把屠呦呦的获奖归功于中药的原因，以及中医在发展中的一些不恰当的做法。由此我们可以推断出我们应该尽力用各种方法促进中医和现代医学。
21.What does the writer want to convey through this passage?
A.Tu Youyou’s success has nothing to do with TCM.
B.Tu’s winning of the Nobel Prize is a great honour of Chinese people.
C.Tu’s winning of the Nobel Prize shouldn’t be taken as an achievement of the TCM.
D.It’s unwise for us to attribute Tu’s achievement to Traditional Chinese Medicine and thus try to improperly modernize TCM.
答案 D
解析 主旨大意题。这篇短文主要谈到了屠呦呦的获奖以及中医在发展中遇到的一些问题，文章分析了我们为什么不能把屠呦呦的获奖归功于中药的原因，以及中医在发展中的一些不恰当的做法。故选项D符合本文主题。
Ⅲ.书面表达
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
John was traveling by ship to Europe when a terrible storm came.A great leak was filling the ship with water.No matter how hard the sailors and passengers worked at the pumps，the water was still rising.The ship was sinking fast.There seemed to be no hope.But the captain told them not to give up hope.He said that there was hope so long as the ship remained above water.He promised that if they didn’t give up hope，he would land them safely.The captain’s powerful will moved them all.In the end he did land them safely.
After they landed，John found the captain to show his appreciation.But to his surprise，the captain said to him that he was the boy of 30 years ago who bought a geography book in his bookstore.John suddenly thought of the boy.At that time the boy didn’t have enough money，but he had gone from shop to shop and believed he could get what he wanted.Finally，he made it.Now，it was the same willpower of him that saved the lives of all the passengers.
写作内容
在一次课外阅读中，你读了上面的故事，决定写篇文章针对“毅力与成功”发展自己的看法。内容要点包括：
1.用约30个词概括故事的内容要点；
2.就“毅力与成功”的话题发表你的看法，内容包括：
(1)叙述你或你的同学凭借毅力取得成功的事例；
(2)你认为取得成功，主要是靠毅力还是智力？
写作要求
1.你可以使用实例或者其他论证方法支持你的观点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但是不得直接引用原文中的句子；
2.文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
评分标准
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
参考范文
In the story，a captain always insisted on doing something，even when he was a little boy.In one voyage，it was just his willpower that made him save all the passengers’ lives.
The story reminds me of my classmate，Linda.In study，she lagged far behind us，but she did not give up.Instead，she kept a notebook in her pocket，and took it out to read on the bus，at the school gate and in the queue before the dining hall.
Unluckily，her English did not improve much.She took up this challenge and worked even harder.Besides，she kept turning to the teacher for help.Finally she made great progress.
Many elements contribute to success，of which the most important is willpower.A man of strong will never gives up before any difficulty，nor does he lose heart whatever happens.So I think willpower is more important than intelligence on the road to success.