(一) 祈使句 1. 祈使句的否定式和强调式 (1) 祈使句的否定式是在整个结构前加don’t或
never。 e.g. Never come late.
Please don’t forget to take your medicine. 祈使句、感叹句 注意: 以let开头的祈使句的否定形式通常是在let’s或let us/me后加not。 e.g. Let’s not waste our time arguing about it! (2) 祈使句的强调式是在整个结构之前加do。 e.g. Do give my regards to your parents! 2. 祈使句表假设的情况 祈使句常用于固定句式“祈使句+and/or/otherwise+一般将来时陈述句”,若前后表顺承关系,用and;若前后表转折关系,用or或otherwise,祈使句则相当于一个条件状语从句。 (1) 祈使句+and+陈述句=名词短语+and+陈述句=if条件状语从句+主句 e.g. Have a little patience and we’ll look into it
soon.
=Just a little patience and we’ll look into it
soon.
=If you have a little patience, we’ll look
into it soon. (2) 祈使句+or+陈述句=if...not...+主句 e.g. Work harder,or you’ll fail.
=If you don’t work harder, you’ll fail. (二) 感叹句 表示强烈情绪(喜、怒、哀、乐、惊、恐等)的句子叫感叹句,通常由what或how引导。 1. 基本形式 (1) What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓
语! e.g. What a clever boy he is!
What wonderful ideas you have! (2) How+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+主语+谓语
e.g. How difficult a problem it is! (3) How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!
e.g. How clever the boy is! 2. 其他形式的感叹句 (1) how直接修饰谓语动词:How+主语+谓
语!
e.g. How (much) we love our motherland! (2) 常见的其他形式
e.g. How can you be so silly!
The designs and the colours!