2016届高考英语二轮短文改错专项突破：短文改错集训（3）

　　2016高考英语-短文改错集训（三）

　　【专项突破】短文改错

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同学写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（）,并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

　　It was for Alice to attend a chemistry class on Monday. Unluckily, she was not on time for school in this morning. She looked little tired when she met her chemistry’s teacher, Miss Green. She apologized for her being lately. Miss Green asked her if there was something wrong with her. The girl said that he was all right, so she didn’t have much sleep last night. She went to a football game and took some pictures. After she came home, she was busy developed them. She stayed up till midnight. Miss Green told her to get more sleep at night. Alice promises not to do that again. Then Alice showed Miss Green her beautiful picture.

　　Passage 2

　　Nowadays, mobile phones are more and more popular in our society. Even many students of high schools have got their own mobile phone. The mobile phone does offer a lot convenience to us. With a mobile phone, we can call the others not matter where we are. We can also send short messages. But, the mobile phone brings trouble as well. The signals of the phone disturbed our living space too much. Sometimes it will be unsafe or impolite to use a mobile phone. What’s more, it can be bad for the students who pay too more attention to it. It seems it’s not necessary for our middle school students to have a phone. In a word, if they use the mobile phone in a proper way, it can help us a lot without bring us troubles.

　　Passage 3

　　An advertisement is really playing an important role in our daily life or not? We can see advertisement here and there. TV, radios, lifts, buses, newspapers, magazines, and even the cars carrying the information of the products and services to a wide audience. Advertisements are delivered your hands, your shopping bags, your mailboxes, your house, etc. They are there you are. The advertisements have brought greatly convenience to people. If someone wants the information of a product, he doesn’t have to go in personal to the shop. What he needs to do is to look at the ads which he can find them everywhere. Sometimes, however, some ads misleads the consumers, for they exaggerate the benefits of their products. So far as the consumers are concerning, they had better have their own judgment and not were puzzled by ads.

　　Passage 4

　　More and more families are now rich enough to have their own cars. Cars do benefit the families as well the society in many ways. With a car, it is convenient for the family members to travel to or from work. They can also drive to the countryside on the weekends. At the same time, the development of motor industry will sure give a push to many other related industries, it is obviously beneficial to the social economy. In the other hand, the boom of private cars is also causing traffic and environmental problem. Waste gases from cars are causing serious pollution to the air, which do great harm to people’s health. With an increased number of cars on the roads, the traffic has become very heavily.

　　Passage 5

　　Throughout history man has changed their physical environment in order to improve his way of life. With the tools of technology that he has changed many physical features of the earth. But, man’s changes to the physical environment has not always had beneficial results. Today, pollution of the air or water is a increasing danger to the health of the planet. As we know, massive destruction of environment has brought in negative effects and even poses a great threat to man’s existence. Therefore, effective measure should be taken and laws pass to conserve environment. Otherwise, man is certain to suffer the serious consequences causing by this lack of care for his living surroundings.

　　Passage 6

　　In recent years, studying abroad has been popular. Many students are trying his best to go abroad. There are many advantages in attending schools in abroad. First, students study abroad can make friend with people of different cultures. Second, they can learn many more advanced knowledge of science and technology from foreign countries. Third, they can learn foreign language more quickly. But mostly of the students are so young to live by themselves without any living experience. However, it is the first time for the most of them to leave the main land. Be far away from their motherland, they may feel lonely and homesick.

　　2016高考英语-短文改错集训（三）答案与解析

　　本文是一篇以第三人称记述的记叙文。文中讲述了一位和蔼可亲的化学老师Miss Green，对待学生细心、体贴，她能够科学地去培养学生的学习兴趣和有效地去挖掘学生的学习潜能，使现代新型师生关系处理得更加融洽和至亲。

　　1. 去掉in。考查介词的误用。句子Alice was not on time for school in this morning中的in this morning前面的in是多余的，因为this morning固定习语前本身就不用介词来再次强调时间。

　　2.looked后加a 。考查固定习语的用法。句子She looked little tired when she met…中的形容词tired前面，应用a little来修饰，表示“一点儿”，作状语，强调程度。但是a little和little还可以与不可数名词连用，表示量的多少。

　　3.chemistry’s→chemistry。考查名词所有格的误用。句子… tired when she met her chemistry’s teacher…中chemistry’s不能用所有格来表示“……科目的老师”，因为学科名称的名词可以直接定语，放在被修饰的名词前。

　　4.lately→late。考查形近词的误用。句子…She apologized for her being lately中的lately与late是形近词，其区别是：lately，副词，意为“近来；最近”，相当于recently。而late，作形容词或副词，意为“迟地；晚地‘。由此可见late符合语境意义。

　　5.he→she。考查逻辑关系。句子The girl said that he was all right中的he自然要与the girl在语篇逻辑关系中采用对应形式。

　　6.so→but。考查逻辑关系。句子The girl said that he was all right, so she didn’t have much sleep last night中的so根据语境语义来推断，此处应为转折关系，表示作者昨晚睡眠不足。

　　7.→went/got/reached。考查。句子After she

　　home, she…中的动词8.developed→developing。考查特定句式的用法。句子she was busy developed them…中的特定句式为be busy doing something或be busy with something，表示忙于做……。

　　9.promises→promised。考查动词时态的用法。句子…Alice promises not to do that again…中的谓语动词promises应与语篇的背景时间保持一致，须用一般过去时。

　　10.picture→pictures。考查考查名词数别的辨别。句子Then Alice showed Miss Green her beautiful picture中的picture，从 文中She went to a football game and took some pictures里完全可以看出，作者拿给自己老师看的照片不止是一张。

　　本文是一篇议论文。全面论述了中学生使用手机给其带来的利与弊。

　　1.phone→phones。考查名词数别的辨别。句子Even many students of high schools have got their own mobile phone中的phone，从文中many students里完全可以看出，所使用的手机不止是一部。

　　2.lot后加of。考查同义习语的辨析。句子The mobile phone does offer a lot convenience to us…中的a lot不能与名词convenience连用，因为习惯搭配为a lot of +名词。

　　3. 去掉the。考查特定句式的用法。根据语意判断，句子With a mobile phone, we can call the others…中的others前不能与the连用，因为此处强调：不管学生身在何处，只要有手机，都能联系得到对方。中心突出了“另外一些人……”。

　　4.not→no。考查从属连词的误用。根据语意判断，句子With a mobile phone, we can call the others not matter where we are中的not matter where引导让步状语从句，其固定搭配为no matter + wh-结构。

　　5.But→However。考查同义词辨析。根据整个语篇来分析，作者通过正反两方面来论证中学生是否可以带手机。句子But, the mobile phone brings trouble as well中的but，不能单独使用，必须与单句连起来，而however则必须单独使用，即与用逗号单句分开。

　　6.disturbed→disturb。考查动词时态的用法。句子The signals of the phone disturbed our living space too much中的谓语动词disturbed应与语篇的背景时间保持一致，须用一般现在时。

　　7.for→to。考查介词搭配结构的用法。句子it can be bad for the students who pay …中的结构搭配be bad for sth.表示“对……不利”，后常跟物或事件，而be bad to sb.表示对某人不利，由此可见，此处to是对的。

　　8.more→much。考查形容词比较级的误用。句子…the students who pay too more attention to it …中的比较级more前面不能与too连用，况且此处并不含有程度的递增或减弱的隐含信息，所以将more退回其原级much与too合起来修饰名词attention。

　　9.they→we。考查逻辑关系。句子In a word, if they use the mobile phone in a proper way, it can help us a lot中的they必须与us在语篇逻辑关系中采用对应形式。

　　10.bring→bringing。考查动名词的用法。句子it can help us a lot without bring us troubles中的without是介词，其后跟动词或动词短语作宾语时，必须用动词-ing形式。

　　本文是一篇论说文。全面论述了广告给人们工作、学习和生活所带来的便捷与困扰。

　　1.advertisement→advertisements。考查名词数别的辨别。句子We can see advertisement here and there中的advertisement是可数名词，根据语境语意判断，其须用复数形式。

　　2.carrying→carry。考查谓语动词的确立。根据句子… even the cars carrying the information of the products结构分析，该句是一个简单句，the cars作主语，the information of the products作动词carrying的宾语，但是，carrying形式不能单独作谓语，须将其复原成原形动词，然后依据语境关系来确立谓语动词的形式，即一般现在时carry正确。

　　3.and→or。考查逻辑关系。依照句子… the information of the products and services to a wide audience的语境意义判断，应是广告给大众提供了产品的信息或者是服务的信息。因此，此处应为or才符合语境要求。

　　4.deliveredinto。考查动词固定搭配的用法。句子Advertisements are delivered your hands, your shopping bags …中的固定搭配be delivered into…表示“被送到……”。

　　5.there→where。考查名词性从句引导词的误用。根据句子结构分析，本据They are there you are中的there处是一个表语从句引导词，而不是副词，表示“在……地方”，在从句中作状语，表示地点。由此可见，此处应为where。

　　6.greatly→great。考查副词的误用。根据句子结构分析，该句The advertisements have brought greatly convenience to people是一个简单句，其中convenience是名词，前面应用形容词作定语，可是，greatly是副词，只能作状语，由此可见，此处应为形容词great。

　　7.personal→person。考查形容词的误用。根据句子结构分析，该句he doesn’t have to go in personal to the shop是if复合句中的主句，其中介词短语in personal 作状语，修饰动词go，但介词短语中的personal 是形容词，不能与介词连用且构成介词短语，所以，此处应为名词person才吻合与介词短语的要求。

　　8. 去掉them。考查定语从句的用法。根据句子结构分析，本句What he needs to do is to look at the ads which he can find them everywhere中的What he needs to do作主语，is to look at the ads是系表结构，which he can find them everywhere是由关系代词which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词ads，但which在从句中，作find的宾语，指代先行词的内容，由此可见，此处them重复。

　　9.concerning→concerned。考查固定句式的用法。句子So far as the consumers are concerning, they had better have…中的So far as the consumers are concerning表示“就……而言；依……来看”，其搭配结构应为so far as sb./sth is concerned。

　　10. were →be。考查情态动词的用法。句子…they had better have their own judgment and not were puzzled by ads中的情态动词结构是had better do sth.，然而，本句中的后一部分省略了had better，然后用and连接了not were puzzled by ads，因此断定，not be puzzled by ads才是正确的表述。

　　本文是一篇论说文。全面论述了：随着经济社会的快速发展和生活水平的迅速改善，人们拥有越来越多的私家车，其不仅带来了出行的方便而且也推动了汽车工业的发展。但是，同时也造成了环境的污染和交通的压力。

　　1.well后加as。考查连接词固定搭配的用法。根据句子Cars do benefit the families as well the society in many ways语义判断，the families 和the society在句中是并列结构，应用其固定搭配as well as，意为“也……，和……”。

　　2.or→and。考查逻辑关系。根据句子With a car, it is convenient for the family members to travel to or from work的语境意义推断：汽车给人们在出行和上班方面均带来了方便。因此，此处的逻辑关系应为并列关系。

　　3.on the weekends去掉the。考查冠词的误用。句子They can also drive to the countryside on the weekends中的on the weekends表示“周末”，其习语应为on weekends，冠词多余。

　　4.sure→surely。考查形容词的误用。根据句子结构分析，句子… the development of motor industry will sure give a push to many other related industries中的sure是形容词，不能修饰谓语动词will give，所以，此处应为副词surely才符合词法要求。

　　5.it→which。考查非限制性定语从句的用法。从句子结构来看，句子give a push to many other related industries, it is obviously beneficial to the social economy中，第一个分句后跟了it is obviously beneficial to the social economy一个非限制性定语从句来起补充或说明作用，应用关系代词which来引导，指代整个主句的内容。

　　6.In→On。考查固定结构的用法。根据语义推断：句子In the other hand, the boom of private cars is also causing traffic and environmental…中的In the other hand应是固定结构，意为“另一方面……”，用作插入语，其搭配应为on the other hand。

　　7.problem→problems。考查名词数别的判断。依据语意判断：句子the boom of private cars is also causing traffic and environmental problem中的traffic 和environmental 在这两方面都带来了不利，所以文中的problem必定是复数形式。

　　8.do→does。考查主谓一致的用法。依据语句结构分析：句子Waste gases from cars are causing serious pollution to the air, which do great harm to people’s health中的which引导的非限制性定语从句中，从句中的谓语动词do应与其先行词在人称和数上取得一致。但本定语从句中，其先行词应是前面主句的整个内容，视作一个整体，谓语动词应用单数形式。

　　9.increased→increasing。考查分词作定语的用法。句子With an increased number of cars on the roads, the traffic has become… 中的increased根据语义判断，应表示“还在增长的……”，作定语，修饰number，所以，此处应用increasing形式才吻合句意。

　　10.heavily→heavy。考查副词的误用。根据句子结构分析，句子…number of cars on the roads, the traffic has become very heavily中的heavily是副词，在此处不能放在has become后作表语，根据语意要求，应用heavily的形容词形式heavy才算吻合语境关系。

　　本文是一篇论说文。全文论述了生态环境对人类生存所具有的重要性。文中阐明：人类自有史以来一直不断地改变着自己的自然环境,并且以此而来改善自己的生活方式。但是，人类一味地改造环境，改善条件，这势必给人类赖以生存的地球加重了负担，况且现在给地球已经带来了巨大的污染和严重的威胁，如果人类将再不关心地球，保护环境，自己必将自食恶果。

　　1. 去掉technology 后that。考查定语从句的误用。根据句子结构分析，句子With the tools of technology that he has changed many physical features of the earth中的that没有任何语法功能，不能看作定语从句，因为没有主句，所以，that是多余的。

　　2.But→However。考查同义词辨析。根据整个语篇来分析，作者通过利弊两方面来论证自然环境改造的结果。句子But, man’s changes to the physical environment中的but，不能单独使用，必须与单句连起来，而however则必须单独使用，即与单句用逗号分开。

　　3.has→have。考查主谓一致的用法。依据语句结构分析：句子… man’s changes to the physical environment has not always had beneficial results中的changes… 在句中作主语，其谓语动词在人称和数上必须取得一致。

　　4.or→and。考查逻辑关系。根据句子Today, pollution of the air or water is…的语境意义推断：空气与水都受到了污染。因此，此处的逻辑关系应为并列关系。

　　5.a→an。考查冠词a(n)的用法。依照句子…water is a increasing danger to the health of the planet的语境意义悉得：空气与水形成的污染就是一种巨大的危险。因为increasing是以元音音素开头的词，应与不定冠词an连用。

　　6.in→about。考查动词短语的用法。依照句子…massive destruction of environment has brought in negative effects and even poses a great threat to man’s existence的语境意义悉得：环境的破坏已经造成很大的负面影响。句中bring所在的短语应为表示“产生；导致”，即bring about符合语义，而bring in意为“引进；拿进来”与句意不符。

　　7.measure→measures。考查名词数别的判断。依据语意判断：句子Therefore, effective should be taken and中的measure与take连用，意为“采取措施” ，是固定搭配，其中的measure须用复数。

　　8.pass→passed。考查省略结构的判断。依据结构分析：句子effective measure should be taken and laws pass to conserve environment中的law 后面省略了should be，因为中间用and来连接，而law和动词pass又是动宾关系，其须与前面的结构保持对应。

　　9.suffer后加from。考查同义词的辨析。依照句子Otherwise, man is certain to suffer the serious consequences…的语境意义悉得：人类必定遭受……之苦。动词短语suffer from是不及物动词，意为“遭受……带来的苦，受损失，受损害”，表示外界因素而造成痛苦。 而suffer则为及物动词，其后直接跟宾语，意为“遭受，受到”，表示本身深受的苦。

　　10.causing→caused。考查分词短语作定语的用法。句子… the serious consequences causing by this lack of care for his living surroundings 中的causing，根据结构判断，consequences和cause有着逻辑上的动宾关系，况且还有by短语的限制，应须用过去分词caused。

　　本文是一篇说明文。文中介绍了当今社会的中国学子去国外留学的种种优点。但是，也暴露出了各位学子横越大洋，远离家乡所承载的精神负担。

　　1.his→their。考查逻辑关系。根据句子Many students are trying his best to go abroad的语境意义推断：文中的his应与其主语Many students取得逻辑关系的对应。

　　2. 去掉abroad 前面in。考查介词的误用。依据句子There are many advantages in attending schools in abroad中的abroad，是副词，意为“在国外”，作状语。可是，其前面的in是介词，不能与副词连用。

　　3.study前加whostudy→studying。考查关系代词的用法。根据句子First, students study abroad can make friend with people of different cultures结构来分析：students是先行词，study abroad在从句中作谓语，can make是主句中的谓语，由此看来，从句中的谓语前缺少关系词，且由其来引导限制性定语从句。

　　4.friend→friends。考查名词固定搭配的用法。句子…can make friend with people of different cultures结构中的make friend with是固定搭配，其中的friend须用复数形式，意为“与……交朋友”。

　　5.many→much。考查同义词的辨析。句子…they can learn many more advanced knowledge of science and technology结构中的knowledge是不可数名词，其前面的形容词须用much来修饰。

　　6.language→languages。考查名词数别的判断。依据语意判断：句子Third, they can learn foreign language more quickly中的language，应与句子主语they数别保持一致。

　　7.mostly→most。考查副词的误用。依据结构来分析： But mostly of the students are so young to live by themselves without any living experience中的mostly在句中常用作状语，不能作主语。但是，应用名词most在句中作主语，表示“大多数人“。

　　8.so→too。考查特定句式的用法。依据句子：the students are so young to live by themselves without any living experience语意来判断，该句应用too…to…结构，意为“太…而不能…”表示去国外留学大部分学生缺乏生活经验，加上年龄太小而使自己不能独身在国外生活。

　　9.However→Besides。考查逻辑关系。根据文中最后的语境判定：年龄小，生活经验不足，同时还有…….，很明显应为逻辑上的递进关系，即besides，副词，意为“还有；此外；另外”。

　　10.e→Being。考查动词-ing形式作状语的用法。根据语篇末句语意悉得：除此以外，还就是留学生远离祖国才使他们深感孤独和想家。句子be far away from their motherland, they may feel lonely and homesick中的be far away应为现在分词being far away…短语作状语，表示原因，相当于原因状语从句。