1.traditional adj.传统的，惯例的
In traditional Chinese culture，marriage decisions were often made by parents for their children.
在传统的中国文化中，父母常常为儿女操办婚姻。
考点提示：
tradition n． 传统，常规，惯例
follow/keep up the tradition
遵循传统
break the tradition
打破传统
according to tradition
据传统
There's a ________ in our office that when it's somebody's birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share.
tradition
B．balance
C．concern
D．Relationship
完成句子：
(1)The MidAutumn Day is a ________(传统的)festival of China.
(2)“When in Rome，do as the Romans do”means we should follow the________(传统，惯例)of a country.
2.include vt.
(1)包含，包括
Your responsibilities will include making appointments on my behalf.你的职责包括替我安排预约。[剑桥高阶]
The price includes postage charges.
这个价钱包含邮资。
(2)把……列在里面，算入，计入
include...in/on/among...
He includes me among his friends.他把我当作朋友。
I include eggs on the list of things to buy.
我把鸡蛋列入购物单中。
考点提示：
(1)including(介词)包含、包括(置于名词前)
Seven people died in the accident，including a baby.
七人在事故中丧生，包括一个婴儿。
(2)included adj.(置于名词之后)
Many people went to the party，me included(＝including me)．许多人参加了聚会，包括我在内。
contain/include辨析
(1)contain指作为组成部分而被“含有”或“容纳”在内，是内容物的包括。
(2)include指作为整体中的一部分而被包括进去，是范围的包括。
(1)This atlas(地图册)________40 maps，________3 of the Great Britain.
A．contains；including
B．includes；containing
C．contains；containing
D．includes；including
(2)At least twenty people were injured in the car accident，three children________.
A．contained
B．including
C．were included
D．included
3.celebrate vt.&vi.庆祝
How do people celebrate New Year in your country?
你们国家的人怎样庆祝新年？
考点提示：
celebration n． 庆祝；典礼；庆祝会
celebrate Christmas/one's birthday
庆祝圣诞节/某人的生日
have/hold a celebration
举行一个庆祝会
in celebration of...
为了庆祝……
congratulate sb on
sth /doing
sth
祝贺某人某事/做某事
congratulations to sb on
sth /doing
sth
祝贺某人某事/做某事
congratulate/celebrate辨析
(1)congratulate的意思是“祝贺”，其宾语必须是人，使用congratulate sb on
sth 结构；也常用其复数形式congratulations。
(2)celebrate的宾语是物，如节日、结婚纪念日、生日等令人欢乐的事情或日子。
用congratulate，celebrate填空
(1)We held a party in________of this victory.
(2)I offered my________on his success.
(3)We held a________to________his birthday.
(4)In the________，we________him on his promotion.
4.darkness n．黑暗
I can see nothing in the darkness.在黑暗中我什么也看不见。
The city centre was plunged into darkness by the power cut.市中心因停电变得一片漆黑。
darkness/dark辨析
darkness与dark没有绝对的区别。但darkness常指一时的黑暗；dark表示经常或长时间的黑暗，用时须加the，另外它与介词at，before，after连用表示“黄昏”“傍晚”。
keep
sth in the dark 暗中做某事
keep
sth dark
对某事保密
keep sb in the dark
对某人保密
用dark的有关短语填空
(1)They all knew the truth.Only I was ________ ________ ________.
(2)It's wrong for them to keep it ________ ________ ________.
5.destroy v．破坏，毁坏
The building was completely destroyed by fire.
这个建筑物被大火彻底焚毁了。
All my hopes were destroyed by his letter of refusal.
他回信拒绝，我的希望完全破灭。
They have destroyed all the evidence.
他们销毁了一切证据。
考点提示：
destruction n． 破坏，摧毁
destructive adj.
造成毁灭或严重破坏的
destroy/damage/harm辨析
(1)destroy常指毁灭性的破坏。
(2)damage可指不同程度的损害、破坏。
(3)harm一般指身心、健康、名声的损害。
(1)The noises not only make it difficult to sleep，but they are ________ damage to our houses and shops.
A．doing
B．making
C．putting
D．raising
(2)The heavy rain________the hope of a picnic.
A．damaged
B．destroyed
C．harmed
D．hurt
(3)He was lucky enough to escape being killed in the accident，but his car was completely________.
A．damaged
B．struck
C．failed
D．destroyed
6.serve
(1)vt.为……服务，效力
We should serve the people heart and soul.
我们应该全心全意为人民服务。
(2)vt.接待，招呼(顾客等)
The shop assistant is serving a customer.
商店服务员正在接待一位顾客。
First come，first served.先来者先被接待。(先来后到)
(3)vt.端上(饭菜)，供应饮食
serve sb with
sth 拿……来招待某人；供应……
The waiter served us with wine.服务生给我们倒酒。
(4)vt.&vt.服刑，服役，担任职务
The soldier has served in the army for 3 years.
那个士兵已服3年兵役。
The man served a long sentence in prison for his crime.
那个人为他犯的罪要长期服刑。
(5)serve as 担任(某职务)，充任；权当，当……用
He served two terms as president.他担任过两届总统。
When they slept in the open，dry leaves served as blanket.
当他们在野外睡觉时，干树叶就当毛毯用。
翻译句子:
(1)他服侍主人多年。
______________________________________________________
(2)他拿出水果来招待我们。
______________________________________________________
7.swallow
(1)vt.& vi.吞；咽
He had a sore throat and found it difficult to swallow.
他嗓子疼，觉得咽东西困难。
(2)vt.吞没；吞噬
The waves swallowed up the boat.浪涛吞噬船只。
(3)n.吞；咽
Take the medicine at one swallow.一口把药吞下。
(4)n.燕子
One swallow does not make a summer.
一燕不成夏。(谚语)
完成句子:
(1)It's difficult for you to ________(吞下整个鸡蛋)．
翻译句子:
(2)洪水吞没一切挡在它路上的东西。
______________________________________________________
8.mess n．混乱
考点提示：
in a mess乱七八糟
make a mess
搞乱
Your books and magazines are almost in a mess; go and put them in order.
你的书和杂志简直乱七八糟，去把它们整理一下。
Margie's bedroom was in a ________， with books and papers covering every possible surface.
A．litter
B．disorder
C．mess
D．rubbish
9.adopt
v．采纳；收养
Our school has adopted a new teaching method.
我们学校采用了一种新的教学法。
They are not my real parents; I am adopted.
他们不是我的亲生父母，我是被收养的。
Those children had to ________ their parents' suggestion.
A．admit
B．adopt
C．adapt
D．add
10.honour n．荣誉 v．给予某人荣誉
an honour to sb 给予某人荣誉
have the honour to do
sth ＝have the honour of doing
sth
有做……的荣幸
in honour of sb / sth
向……表示敬意；为纪念……
Will you honour me with a visit？可否请您光临？
He was honoured as a man of courage.他被尊为勇者。
She is an honour to our school.她是我校的光荣。
May I have the honour of dancing with you?
我有荣幸与你跳舞吗？
(1)I feel greatly honoured ________ into your group.
A．to welcome
B．welcoming
C．to be welcomed
D．welcomed
(2)The street was named after a great man________ his great contributions to the city.
A．in honour of
B．instead of
C．in case of
D．in need of
答案：1.A [句意：我们办公室有这样一个惯例，那就是当有人过生日的时候，他们会带块蛋糕来和我们一起分享。tradition 传统；balance 平衡；concern 关心，担心；relationship 关系。]
(1)traditional (2)tradition
2.(1)A (2)D
3.(1)celebration (2)congratulations (3)celebration；celebrate (4)celebration；congratulated
4.(1)in the dark (2)in the dark
5.(1)A (2)B (3)D
6.(1)He has served his master for many years.
(2)He served us with fruit.
7.(1)swallow a whole egg (2)The flood swallowed everything in its way.
8.C [句意：麦奇的卧室乱七八糟，书和纸弄得到处都是。mess意为“零乱状态”；litter意为“废纸屑，垃圾，破烂”；disorder意为“杂乱，混乱，无秩序”；rubbish意为“垃圾，废物”。]
9.B [句意：那些孩子不得不采纳父母的建议。admit 承认；adopt 采纳；adapt 适应；add添加。]
10.(1)C [句意：受到你们组的欢迎是我莫大的荣幸。welcome 与I之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故welcome 须用被动语态形式。]
(2)A [句意：那条街以一个伟人的名字命名的，是为了纪念他对这个城市所作的巨大贡献。]