专题四 介词和介词短语
2015～2011年各省市高考题(改编)
用适当的介词或介词短语填空
(2015·江苏)The university started some new language programs to cater
the country's Silk Road Economic Belt.
解析 句意：大学开始开设一些新的语言项目以迎合中国的丝绸之路经济带。固定表达cater for 迎合满足所需。
答案 for
(2015·江苏)The whole team count
Cristiano Ronaldo, and he
seldom lets them down.
解析 句意：整个团队依靠Cristians Ronaldo他很少让他们失望。固定表达count on依靠指望。
答案 on
(2015·江苏)Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around but
Thomas Edison.
解析 句意：如果没有托马斯·爱迪生的话我们现在所受益的许多东西是不会出现的。but for如果没有的话。
答案 for
(2015·浙江)Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes
animals
both on land and sea?
解析 句意：你听说过既可生长在陆地上又可生长在海里的可作为动物家园的树吗？固定表达home to...是……的家园或故乡。
答案 to
(2015·浙江)Most people work because it's unavoidable.
contrast,
there are some people who actually enjoy work.
解析 句意：大多数人工作是因为无法避免相比之下也有一些人真的喜欢工作。固定表达by contrast相比之下。
答案 By
(2015·浙江)We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or
appeal
our emotions than for straight facts.
解析 句意：我们倾向于对令感官兴奋的或吸引我们情感的东西记忆深刻。固定表达appeal to对……有吸引力。
答案 to
(2015·浙江)These comments came in response
specific questions
often asked by local newsmen.
解析 句意：这些解释是对当地记者经常询问的特定问题的回应。固定表达in response to作为对……的回答作为对……的反应。
答案 to
(2015·湖北)This meeting room is a non－smoking area.I would like to warn you
advance that if you smoked here you would be fined.
解析 句意：这个会议室是禁烟区。我想提前警告你如果你吸烟你会被罚款的。固定表达in advance预先提前。
答案 in
(2015·重庆)Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature
0.68 ℃
the average.
解析 句意：去年是有记录以来最热的一年比全球平均气温高0.68度。above 高于在……之上符合句意。
答案 above
(2015·陕西)The little pupil took his grandma
the arm and walked
her across the street.
解析 句意：这个小学生挎着奶奶的胳膊扶着她穿过了马路。考查介词。动词＋sb＋介词＋the＋人体部位是惯用法根据身体的不同的部位变化介词如：pat sb on the head等。
答案 by
(2015·安33)They believe that there are transport developments
the
corner that will bring a lot of changes for the better.
解析 句意：他们认为即将到来的交通发展将会带来很多好的方面的变化。 考查介词短语搭配即将来临。
答案 around
(2015·福建)A common memory they all have
their school days is
the school uniform.
解析 句意：在他们上学的日子中一个共同的记忆就是校服。考查介词。of表示“在……其中的。”
答案 of
(2015·福建，32)Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way
for us to survive is to live
harmony with nature.
解析 句意：人类被认为是自然的一部分同样我们要生存下去的唯一方式就是要与大自然和谐相处。考查介词短语。in harmonious with与……和谐。
答案 in
(2017·江西)It is unbelievable that Mr.Lucas leads a simple life
his
great wealth.
解析 由关键词“unbelievable”、“simple”和“great wealth”可知这里表达“让步”关系。despite(尽管)与语境吻合。
despite
15.(2017·北京)Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves
half an hour.
解析 句意：简匆匆忙忙的因为去往机场的火车半个小时之后就开了。in加上一段时间和一般将来时连用表示的是一段时间以后。
答案 in
(2017·陕西)The Scottish girl
blue eyes won the first prize in the
Fifth Chinese Speech Contest.
解析 考查介词。句意：这位蓝眼睛的苏格兰女孩在第五届汉语演讲大赛中获得了一等奖。with表示“有”。
答案 with
(2017·浙江)People won't pay attention to you when they still have a lot of
ideas of their own crying
expression.
解析 考查介词用法。句意：当人们仍有自己的想法想表达出来时他们不会注意到你的。此处的for表目的。
答案 for
(2017·大纲全国)September 30 is the day
which you must pay your
bill.
解析 句意：9月30日这一天之前你必须要付清账单。the day在定语从句中作时间状语意为“到这一天为止”故用by。
答案 by
(2017·天津)In addition
the school，the village has a clinic，which
was also built with government support.
解析 句意：除了学校之外这个村子也有诊所也是政府资助建设的。根据上下文内容尤其是“also”提示可知用in addition to。
答案 to
(2017·新课标全国)It was a real race
time to get the project
done.Luckily，we made it.
解析 句意：完成这项任务真是一场与时间的赛跑值得庆幸的是我们做到了。与时间赛跑显然是对抗用。
答案 against
(2017·山东)The Smiths are praised
the way they bring up their
children.
解析 考查介词的用法。句意：史密斯夫妇因为他们教育孩子的方法而受到了称赞。be praised for...为固定搭配此处表示原因符合句意。
答案 for
(2017·北京)I have an appointment
Dr.Smith, but I need to change it.
解析 句意：我跟史密斯医生有个约会但我得改了。have an appointment with sb是固定短语意思是“与某人有约会”。
答案 with
(2017·辽宁)
behalf of everyone
here，I wish you a pleasant journey
back to your country.
解析 句意：我谨代表大家衷心祝愿你归国旅途愉快。on behalf of代表。
答案 On
(2017·江西)He seems to be giving the impression that he didn't enjoy himself
in Paris.
the contrary，he had a wonderful time.
解析 句意：他给人的印象似乎是在巴黎玩得不开心。与此相反他在那儿非常愉快。on the contrary与此相反正相反。
答案 On
(2011·山东)I'm sorry I didn't phone you, but I've been very busy
the
past couple of weeks.
解析 句意：对不起我没有给你打电话但是在过去的两周里我一直非常忙。在过去的两周里是常用搭配。
答案 over/in
介词的考查主要考查单独的介词或介词短语前几年考查介词较多近年则偏
重考查介词短语；
题目设置角度逐步趋于细微化题干主句结构呈现复杂化的特点；
从“注重语言应用”的角度未来高考对于介词及介词短语固定搭配的测试题
目将呈上升趋势。