非谓语动词
Passengers are permitted _______ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.
A. to carry
B. carrying
C. to be carried
D. being carried
The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang，who was reported _______the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race.
A. breaking
B. having broken
C. to have broken
D. to break
A few days after the interview, I received a letter _______ me admission to the university.
A. offering
B. offered
C. having offered
D. to be offered
Recently a survey _______ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.
A. compared
B. comparing
C. compares
D. being compared
_______ for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.
A. Blaming
B. Blamed
C. To blame
D. To be blamed
____ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.
A. Being encouraged
B. Encouraging
C. Encouraged
D. Having encouraged
The sick child requires ____.
A. being looked after
B. to look after
C. to be looked after
D. look after
The flowers haven’t been watered for five days. They want ____.
A. water
B. being watered
C. watered
D. to be watered
Please do me a favor — ______ my friend Mr. Smith to Youth Theater at 7:30 tonight.
A. to invite
B. inviting
C. invite
D. invited
______with farmers in the country in your summer vacation, and you will learn a lot about farming
A. Work
B. Working
C. To work
D. Having worked
His first book ________next month is based on a true story.
A. published B. to be published
C. to publish D. being published
It’s reported that the bridge _______ next year will be very long.
A. being built
B. building
C. to be built
D. built
________ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.
A. Having suffered
B. Suffering
C. To suffer
D. Suffered
Dina, _____for months to find a job as a waitress，finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
A. struggling
B. struggled
C. having struggled D. to struggle
The question is very difficult _______.
A. to answer
B. to be answered
C. answered
D. answering
The picture on the wall in his room is really pleasant_______ .
A. looking at
B. to be looked at
C. looked at
D. to look at
I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise________.
A. going on
B. goes on
C. went on
D. to go on
—Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.
—Sorry. With so much work_______my mind，I almost break down.
A. filled
B. filling
C. to fill
D. being filled
Listen! Can you hear a baby ________?
A. cry
B. to cry C. crying D. cries
He looked around and caught a man _______ his hand into the passenger’s pocket.
A. put
B. to be putting
C. to put
D. putting
The machine doesn’t work. I will get it _______.
A. repaired
B. repairing
C. to be repaired
D. repair
He managed to make himself ________ at the meeting yesterday.
A. understanding
B. to understand
C. understood
D. to be understood
that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.
A. Not realized
B. Not to realize
C. Not realizing
D. Not to have realized
the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.
A. Approaching
B. Approached
C. To approach
D. To be approached
We have no choice but ____ their offer.
A. accept
B. to accept
C. accepting
D. accepted
He desired nothing except ___ have a wonderful supper with them after work.
A. to have
B. having
C. have
D. had
from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees .
A. Seen
B. Seeing
C. Having seen
D. To see
______ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.
A. Translating
B. Translated
C. To translate
D. Having translated
The professor spoke very clearly to make his speech easy_______.
A. to understand
B. understand
C. understood
D. understanding
We were astonished _____ the temple still in its original condition.
A. finding
B. to find
C. find
D. to be found
“You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, _______away.
A. run
B. running
C. to run
D. ran
My cousin came to see me from the country, _______ me a full basket of fresh fruits.
A. brought
B. bringing
C. to bring
D. had brought
_____ the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.
A. Completing
B. Complete
C. Completed
D. To complete
All of them try to use the power of the workstation
information in a more effective way.
A. presenting
B. presented
C. to present
D. being presented
Qian Xuesen, a key leader of New China’s nuclear, missile and space programs, passed away,
our country lose one of the greatest scientists.
A. being made
B. made
C. to make
D. making
After the Shenzhou VI capsule（）touched down, two astronauts succeeded in traveling around the earth, thus
again China is a global space power.
A. proving
B. to prove
C. to have proved
D. being proved
Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper _______ it closely.
A. followed
B. following
C. to follow
D. follows
Mr Jones, a new teacher, stood in front of the students, his body _______ with fear.
A. trembling
B. trembled
C. was trembling
D. was trembled
The meeting, _______ by over five thousand people，welcomed the great heroA. to be attended
B. being attended
C. attended
D. having attended
The first textbooks _______ for teaching English a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
A. having written
B. to be written
C. being written
D. written
He hurried to the booking office, only _______ that all the tickets had been sold out.
A. to tell
B. to be told
C. telling
D. told
The teacher came into the classroom, only_______ of the students in it.
A. to find none
B. finding no one
C. to find no one
D. finding some
______in the leg made it impossible for me to walk as fast as usual.
A. Being injured
B. To be injured
C. Having injured
D. Injured
The silence of the library is sometimes broken by a sudden cough or the sound of pages______.
A. turning
B. turned
C. being turned
D. having turned
_______at my classmates' faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.
A. Looking
B. Look
C. To look
D. Looked
_______ their hats into the air，the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.
A. To throw
B. Thrown
C. Throwing
D. Being thrown
_______ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she’d like that little doll on her bed.
A. Seeing
B. To see
C. See
D. Seen
_______to the right，you will find the house you are looking for. You cannot miss it.
A. Turned
B. Turn
C. To be turning
D. Turning
The flowers his friend gave him will die unless
every day.
A. water
B. watering
C. watered
D. to water
When
again, the suspect(嫌疑人) had to admit that he had kidnapped a child and sold him.
A. question
B. questioned
C. questioning
D. to question
A
详解：句意为“旅客只可以随身携带一件行李登机。”permit sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事，句中是被动语态，passengers是carry的逻辑主语，用主动式，故选A。C
详解：Sb./Sth.is reported to do sth.为常用的表达方式。“破世界记录”发生在“was reported”之前，故用不定式的完成式。
A
详解：考查现在分词作定语。此处a letter与offer之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。注意：having offered不能作定语。
B
详解：句意为“最近一项调查引起了市民们的激烈讨论，该调查是比较在两个不同超市里的相同商品的价格。”句子的主语是a survey，谓语动词是has caused，宾语是heated debate。由此可见，原句不缺主干成分，“ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets”该部分是来修饰survey的，做后置定语。排除C作谓语动词的选项。由于prices与compare之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词的主动形式。
B
详解：分词位于句首作原因状语，blame与主语 Alice是被动关系而且blame的动作发生在谓语动词was in low spirits之前，所以用过去分词表被动、完成。
C
详解：encourage作状语，tin 与use之间是被动关系而且encourage的动作发生在谓语动词have set up的动作之前，所以应用过去分词encouraged。 C
详解：sb./sth. want/need/require doing/ to be done。某人或某物需要被…….。这三个动词都是“需要的”意思，主语与谓语动词后的非谓语动词之间是被动关系，这时要用动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式表示被动意义。这里child与look after之间是被动关系，所以look after应用looking after或to be looked after。
D
详解：sb./sth. want/need/require doing/ to be done。某人或某物需要被…….。这三个动词都是“需要的”意思，主语与谓语动词后的非谓语动词之间是被动关系，这时要用动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式表示被动意义。这里they(the flowers)与water之间是被动关系，所以water应用watering 或to be watered。
C
详解：句意为：请帮我个忙——邀请我的朋友史密斯先生今晚7点半到青年剧院。破折号后是一个祈使句。
A
详解：考查句型“祈使句+and+陈述句”。
B
详解：句意为：他的第一本书将下个月将出版，这本书基于一个真实的故事写成。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。book与publish在逻辑上为被动关系，故排除C项；A项表完成；B项表将来；D项表正在进行。根据时间状语next month 可知事情将要发生，故正确答案为B项。
C
详解：build作定语修饰bridge，根据next year可知，build要用不定式的形式；因为bridge与build之间是被动关系，所以build要用不定式的被动语态。
A
详解：根据句意可知, suffer作原因状语，排除C（不定式放在句首作目的状语或主语）；suffer与其逻辑主语the river之间是主动关系，排除D；already一词已经表明suffer的动作已经发生，即发生在谓语动词的动作may be too late之前，所以应用现在分词的完成式。句意为：这条河流已经遭受很重的污染，现在要清理也许为时太晚了。
C
详解：句意为：几个月以来，Dina 一直努力想找一份女服务员的工作，最终她在当地一家广告代理处谋到了一个职位。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。设空处与句子主语为逻辑上的主谓关系，故排除B项；不定式作状语一般表示目的，故排除D项。struggle的动作发生在谓语动词took的动作之前，所以struggle应用现在分词的完成式having struggled。
A
详解：主语+be+adj.+to do.为一个句型。在这个句型中，主语与不定式之间是被动关系，大要用主动形式表示被动意义。
D
详解：主语+be+adj.+to do.为一个句型。在这个句型中，主语与不定式之间是被动关系，大要用主动形式表示被动意义。
A
详解：考查“with+宾语+宾补”的用法。go on与 noise之间是主动关系而且go on的动作正在进行，所以用现在分词。
B
详解：考查“with+宾语+宾补”的用法。此处so much work与fill之间为主动关系，并且强调此状态，故用现在分词短语作宾补。
C
详解：由Listen!可知，hear后应接现在分词作宾补，表示动作正在进行。
D
详解：此处考查catch sb doing sth.撞见某人正在做某事。
详解it(the machine)与repair之间是被动关系，所以repair用过去分词repaired。
详解：himself与understand之间为被动关系，所以understand用过去分词understood。
C
详解：realize作原因状语，与句子的主语Eric与句子的主语构成主谓关系，而且realize的动作与谓语动词walked的动作同时发生，故选C。
A
详解：approach作时间状语，与句子主语we之间是主动关系而且表示的动作与谓语动词saw的动作同时发生，所以approach应用其现在分词一般式的主动式。
B
详解：当介词but, except 或besides之前有实义动词do的某种形式，其后的不定式不带to；如果没有实义动词do的某种形式，不定式则带to。
A
详解：当介词but, except或besides之前有有实义动词do的某种形式，其后的不定式不带to；如果没有实义动词do的某种形式，不定式则带to。
A
详解：see作条件状语，与句子主语the south foot of the mountain之间是被动关系，所以see应用过去分词形式。
详解：translate作时间状语，与句子主语the sentence之间存在着被动关系，故用过去分句。句意为：翻译成英语后，发现这个句子的词序全变了。
A
详解：easy 是形容词，后面要接不定式作它的状语。
B
详解：astonished是形容词，后面要接不定式作它的状语；又因为find 与we是主动关系，所以find要用不定式的主动形式to find。
B
详解：running away在此作shouted的伴随状语，由Janet发出这一动作，故用现在分词形式。
B
详解：bringing与主语my cousin为主动关系，所以用现在分词作伴随状语。
D
详解：句意为：为了按计划完成工程，我们不得不每天多工作两个小时。此处用动词不定式作状语，表示目的。C
详解：句意为：他们都试图使用工作站的力量来为了以一种更有效的方式展示信息。此处用动词不定式作状语，表示目的。
D
详解：make作状语，表示意料之中的结果，所以make要用其现在分词的形式making。
A
详解：prove作状语，表示意料之中的结果，所以prove要用其现在分词的形式proving。
B
详解：copper _______ it closely是独立主格作状语，起补充说明的作用，因为copper与follow之间是主动关系，所以follow要用其现在分词following。
A
详解：his body _______ with fear是独立主格作伴随状语，因为his body与tremble之间是主动关系，所以tremble要用其现在分词trembling。
C
详解：过去分词作定语和被修饰词the meeting为逻辑上的被动关系而且表示动作的完成。
D
详解：“教科书”与“写”之间是被动关系，排除A；“写”的动作发生在谓语动词“出版”之前，所以应用过去分词（表被动、完成）。
B
详解：根据句意，tell作状语，表示意想不到的结果，要用不定式的形式，排除C 、D；逻辑主语he与tell之间是被动关系，所以应用不定式的被动语态。注意：不定式作结果状语时，往往在其前加上only来加强语气。
A
详解：find作结果状语，而且这种结果是意想不到的，find要用不定式的形式，排除BD; none能与of 连用，而no one不能与of连用，所以选A。注意：不定式作结果状语时，往往在其前加上only来加强语气。
A详解：空格处是非谓语动词作主语，排除D ，因为过去分词不能作主语，只有不定式和动名词可以；injure与其逻辑主语us之间是被动关系，所以排除C；动名词作主语表示一般性的行为，不定式表示将来的行为，根据句意，应选动名词作主语，所以答案为A。
C
详解：turn作定语修饰pages，pages与turn之间是被动关系，而且turn的动作正在进行，所以turn要用其现在分词的被动形式。
A
详解：非谓语动词作时间状语，look与句子主语I为主动关系，因此用looking。
C
详解：_______ their hats into the air作时间状语，而且throw与the fans之间为主谓关系，故throw用现在分词throwing。
A
详解：see作时间状语，see与主语“I”为主动关系，所以用现在分词seeing。
D
详解：turn作时间状语或条件状语，而且turn与主语you为主动关系，所以turn应用现在分词turning。
C
详解：unless，if，when，though等引导状语从句时，如果主从句的主语一致而且从句中含有be动词时，可把主语和be动词省略。此处应为unless they are watered。
详解：unless，if，when，though等引导状语从句时，如果主从句的主语一致而且从句中含有be动词时，可把主语和be动词省略。此处应为When they he was questioned。