2016届高考英语阶段效果检测：21（含解析）

　　Ⅰ. 单项填空

　　1. (2017·宁波模拟)　to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may influence genes in human bodies.

　　A. Exposed　B. Being exposed

　　C. To expose

　　D. Having exposed

　　2. When he came back three hours later, they were still sitting on the sofa, ________ in conversation.

　　A. absorbing

　　B. absorbed

　　C. to absorb

　　D. to be absorbed

　　3. (2017·西安模拟)The idea of traveling abroad really　a lot of Chinese people. That’s why every year witnesses more people applying for passports.

　　A. sticks to B. contributes to

　　C. attends to

　　D. appeals to

　　4. (2017·吉林模拟)You’d better give up smoking, Tom, for many diseases areto smoking, you know.

　　A. linked　B. ledC. exposedD. blamed

　　5. The doctoryou for your cough is sure toit.

　　A. curing; treat B. cures; treating

　　C. treating; cure

　　D. treats; cure

　　6. It was the boy, rather than his teachers, thatfor what the boy had done.

　　A. were to blame B. were to be blamed

　　C. was to blame

　　D. was to be blamed

　　7. I think you need some outdoor exercise. Plenty of fresh air will　good health.

　　A. contribute to B. devote to

　　C. apply to

　　D. adjust to

　　8. (2017·东北三校模拟)—What are the workers talking about?

　　—They are discussing the idea the old worker　at the meeting yesterday.

　　A. put forward B. came up

　　C. set off

　　D. brought out

　　9. The individual word may　, but the sentence as a whole makes no sense.

　　A. take effect B. make sense

　　C. leave behind

　　D. let down

　　10. (2017·杭州模拟)　providing entertainment, the website also turns out to be a helpful learning tool.

　　A. Far from B. Apart from

　　C. Instead of

　　D. Regardless of

　　11. (2017·吉林模拟)I suggested not only　to the meeting but also give a speech there.

　　A. did he go B. his going

　　C. should he go

　　D. he should go

　　12. After all things had been discussed, the meeting waswith the applause.

　　A. completed B. contained

　　C. constructed

　　D. concluded

　　13. Don’t stop　you come to a word or a phrase you don’t know.

　　A. for the first time B. because

　　C. every time

　　D. since

　　14. As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine, we must send for an engineer tothe problem.

　　A. handleB. raiseC. faceD. present

　　15. (2017·唐山模拟)Her uncle made a film　his story in his childhood.

　　A. based on B. was based on

　　C. basing on

　　D. to base on

　　Ⅱ. 完形填空

　　(2017·三明模拟)

　　This is a story that can teach us a good lesson. One day, a man in rags begged from door to door along the street. With an old wallet in his hand, he was asking for a few coins to buy something to eat. He kept complaining about his bad fortune and kept　1　why those who had so much money were never　2　and were always desiring more.

　　“As far as I’m concerned, if I had only enough to　3　and to wear, I would not want anything more. ”

　　Just at that moment Goddess of Fortune, who came down the　4　saw the beggar and said to him,

　　“Hi, I have wished to　5　you for a long time. Now, open your　6　and I will pour my gold into it. But I will do that only on this　7　:All that falls into the wallet will be pure gold; but every piece falling upon the　8　shall become dust. Do you understand?”

　　“I see. ” said the beggar.

　　“Then you should　9　! It’s obvious that your wallet is a(n)　10　one, so don’t load it too heavily, ” said the Goddess of Fortune.

　　The excited beggar could hardly　11　to have gold. He quickly opened his wallet, and a　12　of yellow coins was poured into it. The wallet grew heavier and heavier.

　　“Is that enough? Isn’t it cracking?” asked Goddess of Fortune.

　　“Never　13　. It’s still strong enough now. ” answered the beggar.

　　The wallet was filled with so many coins that the beggar’s hands began to　14　. “Ah, if only the golden stream would　15　forever! Just a little more, ” said the beggar,

　　“　16　just a handful or two. ”

　　“There! It’s full. The wallet will　17　. ” warned the Goddess of Fortune, but the beggar requested,

　　“It will　18　a little more, just a little more. ”

　　One more piece was added and the wallet split. The　19　fell upon the ground and became dust. The greedy beggar now had　20　but his broken wallet. (338W)

　　1. A. showing　B. explaining

　　C. proving

　　D. wondering

　　2. A. relaxed

　　B. satisfied

　　C. worried

　　D. depressed

　　3. A. learn　B. watch　C. eat　D. play

　　4. A. street

　　B. bridge

　　C. yard

　　D. forest

　　5. A. praise

　　B. forgive

　　C. help

　　D. comfort

　　6. A. coat

　　B. pocket

　　C. box

　　D. wallet

　　7. A. occasion

　　B. suggestion

　　C. situation

　　D. condition

　　8. A. hand

　　B. feet

　　C. ground

　　D. street

　　9. A. look out

　　B. look after

　　C. look up

　　D. look down

　　10. A. small

　　B. empty

　　C. worn

　　D. full

　　11. A. stand

　　B. wait

　　C. breathe

　　D. think

　　12. A. stream

　　B. piece

　　C. pair

　　D. variety

　　13. A. stop

　　B. request

　　C. fear

　　D. insist

　　14. A. spread

　　B. close

　　C. loose

　　D. shake

　　15. A. pour

　　B. end

　　C. dry

　　D. melt

　　16. A. take

　　B. add

　　C. lend

　　D. send

　　17. A. flow

　　B. burst

　　C. disappear

　　D. change

　　18. A. attract

　　B. permit

　　C. include

　　D. hold

　　19. A. present

　　B. food

　　C. treasure

　　D. metal

　　20. A. nothing

　　B. anything

　　C. everything

　　D. something

　　Ⅲ. 阅读理解

　　Linus Pauling, the only person who has won two undivided Nobel Prizes, was born in Portland, Oregon. He attended Washington High School but because of an unimportant detail he did not receive his diploma until 1962, long after he had received his Bachelor’s degree in chemical engineering from Oregon State College in 1922. He had chosen to study his major because he could get a good job with it.

　　He won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1954 for his research into the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the explanation of the structure of complex substance. His interest in the “behavior” of molecules(分子)led him from physical chemistry to biological chemistry, especially of the human body. He began with proteins and their main parts, the amino acids(氨基酸), which are called the “building blocks of life” . In 1950, he constructed the first satisfactory model of a protein molecule, a discovery very important to the understanding of the living cell.

　　During World WarⅡ, Pauling was a member of the Research Board for National Security, for which he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Merit in 1948. However, the use of the atomic bomb near the end of the war turned Pauling in a new direction. Having long worked on the structure of molecules, he took an immediate interest in the deadly effects of nuclear fallout on human molecular structures.

　　From then on, Pauling protested the production of the hydrogen bombs and supported the prevention of the spread of nuclear weapons. Through his efforts, The Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, declaring all nuclear tests to be illegal except underground ones, came into effect on October 10, 1963, the same day Linus Pauling was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace. (315W)

　　1. From the first Paragraph, we learn that Linus Pauling.

　　A. didn’t study hard while in Washington High School

　　B. is the only scientist who has won two Nobel Prizes

　　C. was once badly treated in Washington High School

　　D. chose to study chemical engineering to earn his living

　　2. Which of the following things did Pauling pay much attention to at first?

　　A. The “behavior” of molecules.

　　B. Physical chemistry.

　　C. Biological chemistry.

　　D. The human body.

　　3. During World WarⅡ, Linus Pauling.

　　A. had to stop his research because of the war

　　B. made great contributions to the safety of the country

　　C. joined the army to fight for the safety of the country

　　D. took part in researching nuclear bombs

　　4. Which of the following is legal according to The Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty?

　　A. The use of nuclear weapons.

　　B. Testing hydrogen bombs on the ground.

　　C. Testing hydrogen bombs under the surface of the ground.

　　D. The production of the hydrogen bombs.

　　5. The main idea of the passage is to show.

　　A. Linus Pauling’s attitude towards nuclear weapons

　　B. Linus Pauling’s contributions to the world

　　C. Linus Pauling’s research on the structure of molecules

　　D. Linus Pauling’s getting the Nobel Prize for Peace

　　【语篇随练】

　　Ⅰ. 根据完形填空, 写出下面单词或短语的含义

　　1. in rags2. fortunen.

　　_________________

　　3. depressedadj.

　　_________________

　　4. load vt.

　　_________________

　　Ⅱ. 根据阅读理解, 翻译下列句子

　　Through his efforts, The Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, declaring all nuclear tests to be illegal except underground ones, came into effect on October 10, 1963, the same day Linus Pauling was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace.

　　Ⅲ. 用30个词左右概括阅读理解大意

　　Ⅰ. 1. 【解析】选B。考查expose的用法。句意:暴露于核辐射下哪怕很短的时间也可能影响到人体内的基因。be exposed to暴露于, 在句中用作主语, 故用动词-ing形式。

　　2.【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意:当他三个小时后回来时, 他们仍坐在沙发上, 聚精会神地交谈。be absorbed in为固定搭配, 意为 “专心于” , 所以此处应用absorb的过去分词形式, 作伴随状语。

　　3.【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意:出国旅游的想法的确吸引了许多中国人。这就是为什么每年都有更多的人申请护照的原因。appeal to对……有吸引力, 符合句意。stick to坚持; contribute to捐献, 促成, 为……作贡献; attend to处理, 对付, 照料。

　　【变式备选】

　　I always have so many things towhen I come back to the company after a trip abroad.

　　A. add to

　　B. stick to

　　C. attend to

　　D. appeal to

　　【解析】选C。句意:当我每次出国旅行回到公司时, 我总有很多事要处理。attend to处理。add to增加; stick to坚持; appeal to恳求, 请求; 吸引……, 这三项都不符合句意。

　　4.【解析】选A。句意:你最好把烟戒掉, 汤姆, 你应该知道, 很多疾病都与抽烟有关系。be linked to sth. 与某物有联系, 符合句意。lead to “导致” , 一般不用于被动语态; blame多用于be to blame结构, 表示 “应该受到指责” 。

　　【变式备选】

　　You can see programs broadcast by any station because television stations around the country areby satellite.

　　A. linked

　　B. combined

　　C. attached

　　D. associated

　　【解析】选A。link意为 “连接; 联系” , 表示 “全国的电视台通过卫星联系在一起” 。combine意为 “(使)联合, (使)结合” ; attach意为 “使附属, 使隶属” ; associate意为 “使联合” 。

　　5.【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:给你治疗咳嗽的那个大夫保证给你治好病。treat治疗; cure治愈; treating you for your cough现在分词短语作定语。

　　6.【解析】选C。be to blame表示 “应该受责备” , 从结构分析主语应当为the boy, 因此选C。

　　7.【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意:我认为你需要些户外锻炼, 足够的新鲜空气有利于健康。contribute to有助于, 导致; devote to奉献; apply to适用; adjust to调节以适应。

　　8.【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意:——工人们在谈论什么?——他们在讨论那位老工人昨天在会上提出的想法。put forward提出, 符合句意。come up被提及, 发生; set off出发, 引起; bring out取出, 出版。

　　【变式备选】

　　The workers will go on strike if the demands theyare turned down.

　　A. put aside

　　B. put through

　　C. put forward

　　D. put away

　　【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意:如果工人们提出的要求被拒绝的话, 他们会继续罢工。put forward提出(主意、计划等), 符合句意。put aside把……放在一边; put through给……接通电话; put away把……收起来, 均不符合句意。

　　9.【解析】选B。句意:单个的单词可能有意义, 但是整个句子没有意义。make sense有意义, 讲得通, 符合句意。take effect生效; leave behind忘带, 留下; let down放下, 使失望。

　　【变式备选】

　　—What’s the main idea of the passage, Bob?

　　—Sorry, I can’t makeof it. It’s beyond my ability.

　　A. judgement

　　B. understanding

　　C. idea

　　D. sense

　　【解析】选D。句意:——Bob, 这篇文章的中心思想是什么?——对不起, 我看不懂(这篇文章)。它超出我的能力范围了。make sense of明白, 理解。

　　10.【解析】选B。考查短语辨析。句意:除了提供娱乐的内容外, 该网站还是一个有用的学习工具。apart from在此处表示 “除……之外(还有)” 。far from远离, 远非; instead of代替, 而不是; regardless of不管, 不顾。

　　11.【解析】选C。考查suggest的用法和倒装句。句意:我建议他不但要参加这次会议, 而且还要在那儿作报告。not only. . . but also. . . 连接两个并列句子时, not only引导的句子要倒装。再根据前面主句是 “I suggested. . . ” 可以排除A项。因此C项为正确答案。

　　【变式备选】

　　Jane’s pale face suggested that sheill, and her parents suggested that she _______ a medical examination.

　　A. be; should have

　　B. was; have

　　C. should be; had

　　D. was; has

　　【解析】选B。句中第一个suggest意为 “表明” , 从句不用虚拟语气, 应用过去时态; 第二个suggest意为 “建议” , 从句应用虚拟语气, 本句省略了should。

　　12.【解析】选D。conclude意为 “结束” , 指彻底结束、关闭, 可用于讲话、写作、会议、条约甚至生意的正式结束, 有时也可指以任何方式结束; complete意为 “完成” , 表示 “使完整” ; contain意为 “包含, 容纳” ; construct意为 “建造” 。

　　13.【解析】选C。考查连接词的用法。按照句意此处需要一个连词来连接时间状语从句, C项符合。A项介词短语不用来连接从句; B项表示原因; D项表示原因、条件, 均不合适。

　　14.【解析】选A。句意:因为这儿没人知道机器出了什么故障, 所以我们必须派人去请一个工程师来解决这个难题。handle处理, 解决; raise提出; face正视; present介绍, 呈现, 呈递。由句意可知A项正确。

　　15.【解析】选A。句意:她叔叔制作了一部以他自己童年的经历为基础的电影。分析句子结构可知, film后为非谓语动词作定语, 相当于定语从句which was based on his story in his childhood, 故用过去分词形式。

　　Ⅱ.

　　一个沿街乞讨的乞丐遇到了财富女神, 财富女神给了乞丐许多金币, 同时告诫乞丐, 金币掉到地上则化为灰尘。贪婪的乞丐不听劝告, 导致金币撑破钱包化为灰尘, 乞丐又变得一无所有。故事告诫人们面对金钱不要贪得无厌。

　　1.【解析】选D。根据第一段最后一句 “为什么那些人如此有钱却从不满足, 还想得到更多。” 可知乞丐对此百思不得其解,

　　“keep wondering” (一直想知道)符合句意。

　　2.【解析】选B。还想得到更多, 所以不满足, B项符合句意。

　　3.【解析】选C。由常识可知, 乞丐最重要的是要解决吃和穿的问题。eat(吃)对应下面提到的 “穿” , 符合语境。learn学习; watch看, 观察; play玩, 均不符合语境。

　　4.【解析】选A。根据第一段, 乞丐在沿街乞讨, 所以财富女神降落到大街上才能看到乞丐。street(街道)符合语境。bridge桥; yard院子; forest森林, 均不符合语境。

　　5.【解析】选C。根据下文,

　　“打开你的钱包, 我要给你一些金子” , 可知财富女神在帮助乞丐。所以选help, 意为 “帮助” 。praise表扬; forgive原谅; comfort安慰, 均不符合语境。

　　6.【解析】选D。根据第三段中的 “All that falls into the wallet will be pure gold” (所有进入你钱包的都是纯金)可知乞丐打开的是一个钱包, 所以选wallet, 意为 “钱包” 。

　　7.【解析】选D。只有在这种条件下,

　　“我” 才会去做。 “All that falls into the wallet will be pure gold; but every piece falling upon the　shall become dust. ” 指上文提到的这种条件。condition条件、状况, 符合句意。

　　8.【解析】选C。句意:每一枚金币掉到地上都会变成尘土。ground(地面)符合语境。

　　9.【解析】选A。根据下文财富女神告诫乞丐不要装得太重, 提醒乞丐注意、当心。所以选look out。look after照顾; look up仰视, 向上看; look down俯视。

　　10.【解析】选C。上文中 “With an old wallet in his hand” 表明这是一个旧钱包, 所以选worn, 意思是:用旧的。

　　11.【解析】选B。could hardly wait to do sth. 意为:迫不及待做某事。句意:激动的乞丐早已迫不及待地想拿到金子。

　　12.【解析】选A。根据倒数第三段中提到的 “golden stream” 可知答案。

　　13.【解析】选C。通过乞丐告诉财富女神钱包现在还很结实, 可知不要为钱包担心。Never fear. 不要害怕。

　　14.【解析】选D。句意:钱包装了如此多的金币, 乞丐的手开始发抖。shake(发抖)符合语境。spread伸展; close关闭; loose放松, 均不符合语境。

　　15.【解析】选A。乞丐希望金子源源不断地流出, 四个选项中只有pour(流出)能形象地描绘出乞丐的贪婪。

　　16.【解析】选B。对应前文的 “Just a little more, ” 可知, 这里表达的意思是:贪婪的乞丐想再往钱包中多装一两把金子。add(添加)符合句意。take拿, 携带; lend借出; send发送, 均不符合语境。最后一段第一句话也有原词复现:One more piece was added and the wallet split. 。

　　17.【解析】选B。钱包已经装满了, 而且是一个旧钱包, 继续装可能会裂开。所以选burst “破裂” 。下文中的 “split” 为同义词复现。

　　18.【解析】选D。贪婪的乞丐认为钱包还能多装一点。hold “容纳” , 符合语境。

　　19.【解析】选C。treasure(财宝)这里指代金币。钱包破裂后金币自然会掉到地上。present礼物; food食物; metal金属, 均不符合句意。

　　20.【解析】选A。句意:贪婪的乞丐现在除了破裂的钱包一无所有。nothing什么也没有。

　　Ⅲ.

　　本文主要介绍了Linus Pauling一生的成就及其对世界所做出的杰出贡献。他是唯一一位两度独立获诺贝尔奖的科学家。

　　1.【解析】选D。细节理解题。从第一段最后一句话 “He had chosen to study his major because he could get a good job with it. ” 可以得出正确答案为D选项。

　　2. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。从第二段第二句话 “His interest in the‘behavior’of molecules led him from physical chemistry to biological chemistry, especially of the human body. ” 我们可以看出, Pauling的兴趣发生了变化, 从physical chemistry转到了biological chemistry上, 所以正确答案为B选项。

　　3. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话 “During World WarⅡ, Pauling was a member of the Research Board for National Security, for which he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Merit in 1948. ” 可以得出正确答案为B选项。

　　4. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句话 “Through his efforts, The Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, declaring all nuclear tests to be illegal except underground ones, came into effect on October 10, 1963, the same day Linus Pauling was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace. ” 可以得出正确答案为C选项。

　　5. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了Linus Pauling一生的成就及其对世界的贡献, 所以应该选择B选项。

　　【语篇随练】

　　Ⅰ. 1.衣衫褴褛

　　2.财富; 命运

　　3.沮丧的, 意志消沉的

　　4.装, 填; 使担负

　　Ⅱ.在他的努力下, 《禁止核试验协定》于1963年10月10日生效, 该协定宣布:所有核试验都要在地下进行, 否则就是非法的。就在同一天Linus Pauling获得诺贝尔和平奖。

　　Ⅲ. This passage is mainly about Linus Pauling’s achievements through his life and his great contributions to the world. He is the only person who has won two undivided Nobel Prizes.