2016届高考英语阶段效果检测：23（含解析）

　　Ⅰ. 单项填空

　　1. —Have you received Jack’s plan?

　　—Yes, but I don’t think his plan is　.

　　A. worth being considered　B. worthy to be considered

　　C. worthy of considering

　　D. worth to be considered

　　2. (2017·金华模拟)With the husband laid off, the couple had to save every penny tothe hard time.

　　A. surviveB. removeC. deliverD. tolerate

　　3. (2017·海口模拟)—Why not meet Diana today?

　　—I am sorry to tell you that she has been　from our company.

　　A. removed B. employed

　　C. explored

　　D. interrupted

　　4. Evidence has been found by the investigation team　the driver’s sleeping was the main cause of the accident.

　　A. why B. how

　　C. whether

　　D. that

　　5. The bomb　the moment the police arrived there.

　　A. exploded B. explored

　　C. expected

　　D. explained

　　6. The information that the first wild-grown panda had “graduated” from wildlife training　to be true.

　　A. was proving B. proved

　　C. was designing

　　D. designed

　　7. (2017·哈尔滨模拟)An excellent teacher is believed to be one who devotes himself to the children but asks for nothing　.

　　A. in turn B. in advance

　　C. in short

　　D. in return

　　8. (2017·厦门模拟)The novel has been adapted for movie more than once since its exciting story　Hollywood producers as much as it does to readers.

　　A. appeals to B. turns to

　　C. belongs to

　　D. sees to

　　9. (2017·成都模拟)After the landslide, the survivors went out　what had been left.

　　A. to search B. in search for

　　C. in search of

　　D. in the search of

　　10. Young as she is, our English teacher is very experienced and　by all of us.

　　A. thinks highly of B. highly thought of

　　C. thinks high of

　　D. high thought of

　　11. (2017·长沙模拟)Old as she was, she still　herself to be young and beautiful.

　　A. pictured B. regarded

　　C. fancied

　　D. hoped

　　12. (2017·合肥模拟)I can never forget the day　we worked together and the day　we spent together.

　　A. when; which B. which; when

　　C. what; that

　　D. where; which

　　13. —How do you find the match between Spain and Switzerland?

　　—It’s　! Powerful Spain lost the game by 0∶1.

　　A. puzzling B. amazing

　　C. tiring

　　D. annoying

　　14. The farmer used wood to build a house　to store grain.

　　A. with which B. in which

　　C. which

　　D. where

　　15. (2017·南昌模拟)　the writer says in his book makes the readers upset.

　　A. That B. Which

　　C. What

　　D. Whether

　　Ⅱ. 阅读理解

　　(2017·福州模拟)

　　Several animal species including gorillas in Rwanda and tigers in Bangladesh could risk dying out if the influence of climate change and extreme weather on their habitats is not stressed, a UN report showed on Sunday.

　　Launched on the sidelines of global climate negotiations(会谈)in Durban, the report by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization shows how higher temperatures, the rise in sea levels, deforestation(砍伐森林)and excessive land use have damaged the habitats of certain species, especially in Africa.

　　“Many ecosystems(生态系统)have already been stressed by increasing population, historical and recent deforestation, unsustainable management practices and even invasive(外来的)species, ” Eduardo Rojas-Briales, assistant director general at the FAO’s forestry department, said at the launch of the report.

　　The most affected areas include mountains, isolated islands and coastal areas, which limit the possibilities for animals to migrate elsewhere and create new habitats.

　　“The remaining populations become enclosed in very small ecosystems, they have inbreeding(近亲交配)problems. . . and at the end these species may disappear, ” he added.

　　Other examples of affected animals included elephants in Mali, lions in the Serengeti and crocodiles in Malawi.

　　The report said an estimated 20-30 percent of plant and animal species will be at higher risk of extinction due to global warming and a significant proportion of local species may become extinct by 2050 as a consequence.

　　Other consequences could include the spread of invasive species and infectious diseases, it said.

　　The report urges more focus on restoration of damaged ecosystems, especially those keys to tackling(应对)climate change such as mangroves(红树林), inland waters, forests, savannahs(大草原)and grasslands.

　　The FAO also called for the creation of migration corridors for animals in areas where their movements were constrained.

　　The organization said while more resources were flowing to biodiversity conservation, more action at the government and policy level was needed.

　　It also urged local communities to develop projects that mitigate the impact of climate change on wildlife, naming eco-tourism activities as an example. (330W)

　　1. Why are mountains, isolated islands and coastal areas becoming the most affected areas, according to the passage?

　　A. Because animals there are more likely to migrate to other places and create new habitats.

　　B. Because of higher temperatures and the rise in sea levels there.

　　C. Because it is less possible for animals to move to other places and create new habitats.

　　D. Because of the spread of invasive species and infectious diseases.

　　2. What does the underlined word “mitigate” in the last paragraph mean?

　　A. Making something become less serious.

　　B. Making use of.

　　C. Developing.

　　D. Moving from one place to another.

　　3. All of the following are true EXCEPT “　”

　　A. The increasing population, historical and recent deforestation, unsustainable management practices and even invasive species have put great pressure on the ecosystem.

　　B. We should pay more attention to the restoration of damaged ecosystems.

　　C. All the plants and animal species will be at higher risk of extinction due to global warming by 2050.

　　D. For animals living in areas where their movements were limited, we should create migration corridors for them.

　　4. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?

　　A. There are no resources available to conserve the biodiversity.

　　B. It is the local communities rather than the government that should take measures to protect the species from extinction.

　　C. It is better for the local communities to restrict ecotourism activities.

　　D. The government should take some measures and some policies should be made to protect the biodiversity though more resources were being used for it.

　　5. What is the best title for the passage?

　　A. Animals at risk

　　B. Global warming and its consequences

　　C. Solutions to animal extinction

　　D. Animals at risk due to climate change

　　Ⅲ. 阅读第二节

　　下面文章中有5处(第1~5题)需要添加小标题。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E和F)中选出符合各段意思的小标题。选项中有一项是多余选项。

　　A. A careful analysis biologically

　　B. What is global warming

　　C. Solution to the terrifying result

　　D. Greater danger of extinction

　　E. Many shocking things were found

　　F. A shocking report

　　1. 　 

　　The earth is getting warmer. People burn coal, oil and gas and this produces carbon dioxide, methane(沼气)and nitrous oxide. These gases, called “greenhouse gases” , prevent the heat of the sun from leaving the earth’s upper atmosphere and this makes the earth warmer.

　　2. 　 

　　A few weeks ago a group of scientists produced a report about global warming and the natural world. They wanted to find out if global warming was dangerous for plants and animals. According to what they found, the scientists say that during the next 50 years about 25% of land animals and plants will become extinct. More than a million plant and animal species will be extinct by 2050.

　　3. 　 

　　More than 10% of all plants and animals will become extinct. It is too late to save many plants and animals because of the greenhouse gases that are already in the atmosphere. But the scientists say if we control greenhouse gases now, we could save many more plants and animals from extinction.

　　4. 　 

　　The scientists studied some regions of the world with a very rich biology. These were Europe, Australia, Central and South America, and South Africa. Their studies showed that species living in mountainous areas had a better chance of survival because they could move uphill, to get cooler. In flat areas, such as deserts, plants and animals would have to move a very long distance to get cooler, so they are in greater danger of extinction.

　　5. 　 

　　The scientists found that half of the 24 species of butterflies they studied in Australia would soon become extinct. 60% of the species in the Kruger National Park in South Africa would also die out, and more than 10% of the 300 South Africa plant species they studied would also become extinct. One of the plants in danger of extinction is the national flower of South Africa, the King Protea. They studied 163 tree species in the Cerrado region of Brazil and found that 70 would become extinct. Many of the plants and trees that live in the region live nowhere else in the world. In Mexico, they studied 1, 870 species and found that more than 30% of these were in danger of extinction.

　　【语篇随练】

　　1. 根据阅读理解分析句子

　　(1)Launched on the sidelines of global climate negotiations(会谈)in Durban, the report by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization shows how higher temperatures, the rise in sea levels, deforestation(砍伐森林)and excessive land use have damaged the habitats of certain species, especially in Africa.

　　【译】联合国粮农组织在德班举行的全球气候会议上提出一项报告, 并在这项报告中提出气温的升高, 海平面的上升, 森林被破坏和过度使用土地已经给某些物种, 尤其是在非洲的一些物种的栖息地造成了损害。

　　【析】Launched on the sidelines of global climate negotiations是过去分词短语在句中修饰说明; 谓语动词shows后接了一个较为复杂的宾语从句, 其主语为。

　　(2)The most affected areas include mountains, isolated islands and coastal areas, which limit the possibilities for animals to migrate elsewhere and create new habitats.

　　【译】受影响最严重的地区包括山地, 独立的岛屿和沿海地区, 这些限制了动物向其他地方迁徙并创设新的栖息地的可能性。

　　【析】句中过去分词短语most affected作_____, 修饰areas; which引导的非限制性定语从句, 修饰说明。

　　2. 用30个词左右概括阅读理解大意

　　Ⅰ. 1.【解析】选B。考查worth和worthy的用法辨析。表示 “值得做……” 时, worth的句型:be worth doing; worthy的句型:be worthy to be done或be worthy of being done, 故选B。

　　2.【解析】选A。句意:由于丈夫下岗, 这对夫妇不得不节省每一分钱, 度过艰难时期。survive sth.

　　“从……中挺过来” , 符合句意, 故A项正确。

　　3.【解析】选A。句意:——今天怎么没见Diana?——我很遗憾地告诉你她已被我们公司开除了。remove移动; 除掉; employ雇用; explore探索; 探险; interrupt打断。由句意可知应选A项。

　　4.【解析】选D。考查名词性从句。句意:调查组已经找到证据表明司机在驾车时睡觉是事故的主要原因。句中that引导的是同位语从句, 修饰evidence, 从句中不缺少任何成分, 应用that引导, 故选D。

　　【知识拓展】英语中常考的两种分隔现象

　　(1)同位语从句和先行词的分隔。例如:

　　A story goes that Elizabeth-Ⅰof England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.

　　句中的 “Elizabeth-Ⅰof England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. ” 是主语A story的同位语。由于该同位语较长而谓语较短, 为保持句子平衡, 谓语动词goes放在了主语与同位语从句之间, 造成了同位语从句与主语的分隔。

　　(2)定语从句和先行词的分隔。例如:

　　The film brought the hours back to me when I was taken good care of in that faraway village.

　　句子的主体结构为 “The film brought the hours back to me. ” 。它语意清晰, 结构紧凑, 同时也避免了出现类似于when I was taken good care of in that faraway village这样太长的定语, 那样易造成句子失去平衡, 而且把宾语hours与其补足语back to me分隔开来也会造成理解困难。

　　5.【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:警察一到那里炸弹就爆炸了。explode爆炸; explore探险; expect期望; explain解释。

　　6.【解析】选B。考查动词用法和词义辨析。句意:第一个野生成长的熊猫已完成野生训练的信息被证明是真的。prove(to be)+adj. “证明……” , prove在这里为系动词; design “设计” , 不符合句意。

　　7.【解析】选D。考查介词短语辨析。句意:人们相信一名优秀的教师是全身心投入到孩子身上并且不求回报的人。in return表示 “作为(对……的)回报” 。前三项分别表示 “依次”

　　“提前”

　　“简言之” , 都不符合句意。

　　【变式备选】

　　The company gives him chances, and he gives his skills　.

　　A. in all B. in fact

　　C. in short

　　D. in return

　　【解析】选D。考查含有in的词组辨析。句意:公司给他提供机会, 作为回报他为公司付出他的技术。in all共计; in fact实际上; in short简而言之; in return作为回报。故选D。

　　8.【解析】选A。考查短语辨析。句意:由于令人兴奋的故事情节不仅吸引了读者也吸引了好莱坞的电影制造商, 这部小说不仅一次被改编成电影。appeal to “吸引” 与句意相符。

　　9.【解析】选C。考查search的短语搭配。句意:泥石流之后, 幸存者出去寻找剩下来的东西。in search of=in one’s search for。

　　10.【解析】选B。此处表示被动意义, be highly thought of意思是 “受到高度评价” 。

　　11.【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。句意:尽管她年纪大了, 她仍旧认为自己还年轻漂亮。picturevt. “认为; 想象” , 但没有picture oneself to be结构; regard. . . as, 但此时as不能换成to be; hope也没有hope sb. to do结构。fancy sb. /sth. as/to be “认为某人/物是……” , 所以C项符合题意。

　　12.【解析】选A。分析句子结构可知, 两个the day后接的都是定语从句。第一个从句中不缺主语或宾语, 缺时间状语, 故第一个空用when; 第二个从句中spent后缺宾语, 故第二个空用that或which。

　　13.【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。根据问句 “你觉得西班牙队和瑞士队的比赛怎样?” 和答语中的 “强大的西班牙以0∶1输了” 可知, amazing “令人惊讶的” , 符合句意。

　　14.【解析】选B。在英语中 “介词+关系代词+不定式” 相当于定语从句的缩略结构, 如本句中的in which to store grain就相当于in which he could store grain。在该结构中,

　　“介词+关系代词” 不可以用关系副词替换。

　　15.【解析】选C。考查主语从句。句意:作者在他书中所说的话让读者不安。what引导的是主语从句, 且what在主语从句中作宾语。故选C项。

　　【知识拓展】what与名词性从句

　　(1)what在从句中的意义有三种情况。

　　“所……” ; “……的样子” ; “比如, 好比” 。

　　(2)其引导的从句可以转化成:先行词+定语从句的形式或all that+定语从句的形式, 例如, 上面题干可以转换为:

　　The word that the writer says in his book makes the readers upset.

　　(3)在语法上, what引导的名词性从句常当作名词性的短语, 故介词后的名词性从句常使用what作为引导词。

　　In front of what remained of his old house, he had some photos taken.

　　在老房子的断壁残垣前面, 他拍了几张照片。

　　Ⅱ.

　　气候变化给野生动物带来极大的影响, 因此有必要采取措施减轻气候变化。

　　1.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段 “The most affected areas include mountains, isolated islands and coastal areas, which limit the possibilities for animals to migrate elsewhere and create new habitats. ” 可判断选C项。

　　2.【解析】选A。词义猜测题。要求当地发展项目来减轻气候变化对野生动物的影响, 由此可推断画线词意应为 “使某事物变得更不严重” , 故选A项。

　　3.【解析】选C。细节理解题。C项内容与文中 “The report said an estimated 20-30 percent of plant and animal species will be at higher risk of extinction due to global warming and a significant proportion of local species may become extinct by 2050 as a consequence. ” 不符合, 故选C项。

　　4.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据 “The organization said while more resources were flowing to biodiversity conservation, more action at the government and policy level was needed. ” 可判断D项正确。

　　5.【解析】选D。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍气候变化给野生动物带来面临灭绝的影响, 故正确答案选D项。

　　Ⅲ. 答案:1~5. BFCAE

　　1. (1) the report

　　higher temperatures, the rise in sea levels, deforestation and excessive land use

　　(2)定语主句

　　2.Several animal species including gorillas in Rwanda and tigers in Bangladesh could risk extinction if the impact of climate change and extreme weather on their habitats is not addressed.