2016届高考英语三轮冲刺检测题：31

　　检测题31

　　Ⅰ. 阅读理解

　　A

　　I’ve spent over a year in India, and in those 365 plus days, I’ve learned a lot about getting around Indian cities. My biggest lessons have been learned through being cheated, particularly by taxi and rickshaw(人力车)drivers, but that doesn’t mean those are bad ways to travel, as long as you know what you’re doing. Below are the best ways to get around the city of Delhi, India, and tips for how to keep from being the victim of scams(欺诈).

　　Taking taxis is a great way to get around the city of Delhi and chances are, if you arrive in Delhi by plane, as soon as you make it through customs, you’ll be swarmed by Indian taxi drivers. At the Delhi airport, be sure to arrange for a taxi to your hotel at one of the two Delhi Traffic Police Taxi Booths. One is inside the airport, and one is outside. The key is to make sure to go to a booth run by the police, rather than by independent taxi drivers.

　　Rickshaws are one of my favorite ways to get around Indian cities, in part because it’s how the locals often travel. Auto-rickshaws are more common, but bicycle rickshaws are still used in Old Delhi. If you do have a chance to take a bicycle rickshaw, you should do it at least once for a unique experience that should only set you back about 15 rupees. Auto-rickshaw rates around Delhi range between 30 and 80 rupees, depending on distance.

　　If you really want to travel around Delhi like the locals, take a public bus. Indian buses become very crowded and most do not have air conditioning. They are, however, very cheap. A bus trip won’t set you back any more than 15 rupees, as long as you stay within the city limits. Since Indian buses get so crowded, try to board the bus at the start of the route so you can get a seat.

　　The train is a great way to get around within the city of Delhi. Fares are reasonable, between 6 and 22 rupees. All departure announcements are in both Hindi and English, and tokens can be purchased for between 6 and 22 rupees.

　　【文章大意】本文作者对于在印度德里旅行时提出了几点交通方面的建议。

　　1. The author is trying to　in Delhi through this passage.

　　A. give some advice on traveling

　　B. expect us to travel around

　　C. show his/her experiences

　　D. explain the difficulties of traveling

　　【解析】选A。推理判断题。通读全文, 我们可以看出, 作者在本文中给读者提出了一些建议, 告诉读者在德里旅行时应注意的几点。因此, 本文的写作目的也就是要给读者提出建议。

　　2. To avoid being cheated, you ought to　if you want to take a taxi at the Delhi airport.

　　A. pay more to the driver to keep safe

　　B. show your ticket to the driver

　　C. go to a police-run booth

　　D. go out of the airport

　　【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句, 我们可以知道, 在机场搭乘出租车时, 应到警察经营的摊位。

　　3. The author suggests taking a rickshaw in order to　.

　　A. save some money

　　B. enjoy the comfortable trip

　　C. gain a unique experience

　　D. help the local rickshaw drivers

　　【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段的第三句, 我们可以知道, 作者建议乘坐人力车以获得一种独特的体验。

　　4. What can we infer from the passage?

　　A. You won’t have to pay much if you travel around by bus in India.

　　B. It will be difficult for you to get a seat if you get on the bus halfway.

　　C. A rickshaw driver only charges whatever amount you give him.

　　D. You’ll have to speak English if you travel around in India.

　　【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第四段的最后一句, 我们可以知道, 为了上车后能有一个座位, 作者建议最好从起点站上车。这就意味着如果中途上车的话, 就很难有座位了。

　　B

　　When Peng Liyuan stepped off the plane in Moscow, the whole world wanted to know who dressed the elegant first lady. The reporter released the secret—Ma Ke.

　　Peng Liyuan has been wearing Ma Ke’s designs for more than a decade, a fact that was only highlighted recently when she was on her first state visit, accompanying her husband—President Xi Jinping. The elegant and attractive Peng, formerly a popular singer, has been compared with the US’ first lady Michelle Obama and France’s Carla Bruni-Sarkzy, since stepping off the airplane in Moscow on March 22. Suddenly, everyone was curious to know more about the first lady’s wardrobe.

　　Even so, Ma prefers a low-key approach. “If you eat a tasty egg why would you want to see the hen? ”she says of all the media attention.

　　Ma’s relationship with Peng began 10 years ago after a concert in Guangzhou when a reporter told Peng she knew the designer behind the label Exception de Mixmind. Peng asked for an introduction because she was a fan of Ma’s designs and had been wearing them for years.

　　The two naturally became friends. Ma says, “The painting reflects the painter, and clothes reflect both the designer and the wearer. Someone desires fame and wealth, or love and sympathy; what you have in your heart is reflected in the design. Those who don’t share my philosophy won’t buy my clothes. Peng is a caring person, devoted to charity and environmental protection, which is exactly what I’m doing now. ”

　　However, regardless of the brand, Peng’s support of Chinese labels has surprised millions of Chinese who favor foreign fashion brands.

　　“Instead she presented a vision of Chinese fashion, desiring to bring Chinese designers to the world stage, ”says a western designer.

　　The first lady’s double-breasted coat and her black leather handbag aren’t available at any of Exception’s shops, though Exception’s physical stores do have seen a rising number of visitors.

　　【文章大意】第一夫人彭丽媛第一次陪同习主席出国访问, 她一身高贵优雅的服装吸引了世人的目光, 服装设计师马可也从幕后走了出来。

　　5. The passage mainly discusses　.

　　A. the designer of the first lady Peng Liyuan’s dress, Ma Ke

　　B. the friendship between Peng Liyuan and her designer

　　C. Peng Liyuan’s clothes on her first state visit

　　D. the reactions to Peng Liyuan’s first visit to Moscow

　　【解析】选A。主旨大意题。本题的答案主要依据文章第一段, 因为此为资讯类题材, 其主旨或标题不在概括全文, 而是最吸引人的部分, 尤其是最后一句The reporter released the secret—Ma Ke. (记者揭开了主设计师马可的面纱), 此句由reporter亦可判断是一则资讯。

　　6. In the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 Ma Ke mentioned“an egg and the hen”to show　.

　　A. it is hard to explain“which came first, the egg or the hen? ”

　　B. paying such great attention to her was unnecessary

　　C. the outcome was more important than the process

　　D. her dissatisfaction with the media attention on her dress

　　【解析】选B。推理判断题。在第三段提到马可说的这句话, 再结合前一句中Ma prefers a low-key approach可以看出马可是一个低调的人, 即对应答案B。选项A说鸡和蛋谁先出现, 属于无关选项, 可排除; 选项C说结果比过程重要, 和马可的为人不符合, 也不能推出; D说表达不满, 不合文意。

　　7. In the passage, Peng Liyuan　.

　　A. often reflects on what she has in her heart before choosing clothes

　　B. is sympathetic and has a strong environmental consciousness

　　C. always desires the exceptional charm of the brand

　　D. is knowledgeable in philosophy

　　【解析】选B。推理判断题。第五段中Peng is a caring person, devoted to charity and environmental protection正好对应选项B中的有同情心的和强烈的环保意识。

　　8. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

　　A. Peng wears the dress designed by a Chinese designer probably to support Chinese brands.

　　B. Many citizens found Peng Liyuan’s choice quite unexpected.

　　C. Black leather handbags like Peng’s are widely sold in bag stores in big cities.

　　D. After Peng Liyuan’s visit to Moscow Ma Ke’s clothes became more popular.

　　【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段中The first lady’s double-breasted coat and her black leather handbag aren’t available at any of Exception’s shops可知选项C是错的, 即应选C。

　　Ⅱ. 完形填空

　　Have you ever wondered why some people are able to have confidence to spare when it comes to taking risks such as starting their own business or taking a year off to travel without an enormous safety net? The answer is that they’ve　1　the art of optimistic thinking. The good news is that　2　some people are simply born to be optimistic, anyone can　3　to take a more positive approach towards their life.

　　Optimists look for　4　outcomes. This doesn’t mean that optimists always jump into things carelessly and hope for　5　, rather that they do not let potential negative outcomes　6　the potential positive outcomes. By hoping so and having　7　that they can handle any negatives, optimists are　8　to take advantage of opportunities that come their way.

　　Optimists believe that their actions can make a　9　. They do not see their own efforts as being　10　. They understand that they do have the power to make things happen and take steps to make their dreams a reality. 　11　, pessimists have a difficult time believing that what they do will make any difference and find it　12　to make any changes or take any action towards achieving a goal. They find　13　why something that has worked for others will not work for them and believe that anything they do is certain to　14　. This makes it difficult for them to get out of situations that make them　15　, such as a dead-end job that makes them miserable.

　　Optimists do not internalize(使内在化)failure. When things don’t　16　for them, they don’t beat themselves up over it. They are able to accept failure as a part of life and try　17　with a positive attitude. They are often better able to learn from their　18　. When pessimists do take chances and fail, they have a hard time not　19　themselves and concluding that this is the way that it has to be. One　20　can leave them with a sense of being unworthy or completely at the mercy of others.

　　That’s why optimists become successful!

　　【文章大意】为何一些人在进行创业等冒险性活动时充满自信呢? 答案在于他们掌握了乐观思考的艺术。

　　1. A. understood

　　B. mastered

　　C. studied

　　D. found

　　【解析】选B。前后照应题。此句回答了文章首句“为何一些人很自信”。因为他们掌握了乐观思考的艺术。master意为“精通, 掌握”。

　　2. A. if B. because

　　C. unless

　　D. while

　　【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。好消息是尽管(while)有些人天生就很乐观/自信, 但是任何人通过个人努力都会学会以积极的态度应对个人生活。

　　3. A. respond B. continue

　　C. learn

　　D. return

　　【解析】选C。前后照应题。既然有些人天生不很自信, 要想成为自信者, 必须通过后天的学习才能如愿。

　　4. A. positive

　　B. possible

　　C. different

　　D. particular

　　【解析】选A。词汇复现题。根据后面的positive outcomes可得到暗示。

　　5. A. the worst B. the least

　　C. the best

　　D. the most

　　【解析】选C。前后照应题。这并不意味着乐观者总是粗心做事, 只往好处想(hope for the best)。

　　6. A. overcome B. overlook

　　C. overload D. overtake

　　【解析】选D。前后照应题。相反, 乐观者不会让潜在的消极结果压倒(overtake超过)积极的结果。

　　7. A. faith B. work

　　C. trouble

　　D. control

　　【解析】选A。词汇复现题。乐观者相信他们能处理任何消极的事情。have faith与后面的believe意思相同。

　　8. A. eager B. unwilling

　　C. ready

　　D. likely

　　【解析】选C。前后照应题。乐观者很乐意利用所出现的机会, 而不是像悲观者那样让机会从身边溜走。

　　9. A. change B. difference

　　C. fortune

　　D. fame

　　【解析】选B。固定搭配题。make a difference是一个常用词组。上文提到, 乐观者很自信, 所以他们相信自己的行动会有影响/起作用/有意义。这从下文的make their dreams a reality和make any difference可得到暗示。

　　10. A. endless B. precious

　　C. special

　　D. meaningless

　　【解析】选D。前后照应题。此句中的efforts与上一句actions意义相近, not. . . being meaningless与上一句make a difference相呼应。

　　11. A. In fact B. In general

　　C. In contrast

　　D. In short

　　【解析】选C。逻辑关系题。in contrast与此相反。与此相反, 悲观者很难相信他们的行为会产生任何影响。

　　12. A. rewarding B. amazing

　　C. difficult D. impossible

　　【解析】选C。词汇复现题。这从前面的have a difficult time处可得到暗示。

　　13. A. excuses B. causes

　　C. explanations D. faults

　　【解析】选A。词语辨析题。悲观者为自己的失败找借口。

　　14. A. end B. start

　　C. fail

　　D. fall

　　【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。悲观者认为自己做的任何事注定都会失败。

　　15. A. responsible B. unhappy

　　C. competitive

　　D. unclear

　　【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。从此题后面的miserable可得到暗示。

　　16. A. run out B. make out

　　C. work out

　　D. look out

　　【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。当事情发展结果不如他们预期时, 乐观者并不为此而自责。work out是平时常考的动词短语之一, 在此意为“产生结果, 成功”。

　　17. A. hard B. out

　　C. again

　　D. instead

　　【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。乐观者把失败看成生活的一个组成部分, 即使他们失败了, 他们也会以积极的态度重新尝试。

　　18. A. experience B. mistakes

　　C. friends

　　D. faiths

　　【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。乐观者善于从错误中学到东西。

　　19. A. blaming B. protecting

　　C. identifying

　　D. presenting

　　【解析】选A。词汇复现题。此处对比乐观者与悲观者对失败的态度, 从上文的they don’t beat themselves up over it可得到暗示。

　　20. A. case B. defeat

　　C. state

　　D. example

　　【解析】选B。词汇复现题。根据上文的fail可知, 悲观者的一次失败就会给他们留下没有价值的感觉。

　　【语篇随练】多练一点　技高一筹

　　写出A、B两篇阅读理解的大意。

　　Passage A: Passage B: ___________________________________________________________

　　____________________________________________________________________

　　答案: Passage A: The passage is mainly about the best ways to get around the city of Delhi, India, and tips for how to keep from being the victim of scams.

　　Passage B: The passage tells something about Ma Ke who dressed the elegant first lady.