Ⅰ.核心单词→识记·思考·运用
一、单词拼写
1．(2015·湖北，阅读D) Without gravity to help ________(循环)air，the carbon dioxide you exhale has a tendency to form an invisible cloud around your head.
2．She is continually ________(滥用)her position by getting other people to do things for her.
3．The ________(根本的) cause of his success is his hard work.
4．*(2017·山东，10)A company whose profits from home markets are declining may ________(寻找) opportunities abroad.
5．In China we are carrying a nine－year ________(义务的) education movement.
6．Lacking money，they had to ________(推迟) their plan.
7．I engaged a young woman as a ________(临时的) secretary.
8．They've promised a ________(详尽的)inquiry into the plane crash.
9．*Their position in international trade rapidly ________(下降)．
10．(2017·湖北，24)The old rules have to be revised because they only applied to the ________(情况) that existed when they were made a hundred years ago.
答案 1.circulate 2.abusing 3.fundamental 4.seek 5.compulsory
6．postpone 7.temporary 8.thorough 9.declined 10.circumstances
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1．(2017·浙江，阅读B)And as far as your body is ________(concern)，it's“use it or lose it”！
2．From now on any ______(violate) of the regulation must be cruelly punished.
3．Tomorrow is the last date for ________(submit) of entries for the competition.
4．Hard work keeps away poverty.________(tolerate) keeps away violence.
5．We ________(prohibition)air guns and the weapons that might wound someone.
6．This is a modern，bright and well ________ hospital，and its ________ is of the first level.(equip)
7．Several ________ ________ the bank of an enormous sum of money，making the largest ________ of this city in the last decade.But they were soon caught by the police.(rob)
8．As we all know，an ________ meeting is held ________．(annual)
答案 1.concerned 2.violation 3.submission 4.Toleration 5.prohibit
6．equipped；equipment 7.robbers robbed；robbery 8.annual；annually
三、开心词场
It is reported that the building of the factory was postponed，because the villagers living near opposed it.They prohibited the workers from going on their work，for they couldn't tolerate the big noise.It was known to people that the factory was responsible for it.However，the factory didn't want to submit to the villagers. They were seeking good solutions to the matter.
【联想·积累】
表示“寻找，搜寻”的词汇
①look for 寻找
②search for 搜寻
③seek for 寻找
④hunt for 搜寻，寻找
由decline所想到的
①表示“增加”：rise，increase，go up
②表示“减少”：fall，drop，decrease，decline，go down
词汇拓展
①oppose vt.反对→opposite adj.相反的；反对的 n．反义词→opposition n．反方；对立面→opposed adj.相反的，对立的
②faith n．信心→faithful adj.守信的；忠实的→faithfully adv.忠实地，真诚地
③fortune n．大笔钱财；巨款 →fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortunately adv.不幸地
④concern n．担心，担忧→concerned adj.担心的；有关的→concerning prep.关于
Ⅱ.重点短语→识记·思考·运用
一、补全短语
1．*straight ________ 立刻，马上
2．stop sth ________ its tracks 终止；消
3．________ any rate 无论如何；至少
4．________ random 随便地，随意地
5．________ all costs 不管多大代价
答案 1.away 2.in 3.at 4.at 5.at
二、短语填空
wipe out；rob...of；*get down to；bring up；get through；clear up；put off；miss out；focus on；in vain
1．I was ____________ my wallet in front of the hotel.
2．The noise made it hard for me to ____________ my work.
3．It is raining now，but I think it will ____________ soon.
4．He will ____________ the marks with an eraser.
5．It's not an easy task for you to ____________ a small child on your own.
6．I tried to make his peace with her，but ____________．
7．It's time I ____ thinking about that essay.
8．They have decided to ____________ handing in their reports.
9．Had the boy worked harder，he would have ____________ the exams.
10．I'll just read through the form again to make sure I haven't ________ anything ________．
答案 1.robbed of 2.focus on 3.clear up 4.wipe out 5.bring up 6.in vain 7.got down to 8.put off 9.got through 10.missed；out
【联想·积累】
①immediately adv.立即，即刻
②instantly adv.即刻，马上
③at once 立即
④in no time 立刻，马上
⑤in a flash 即刻
⑥right now/away 立刻
⑦straight away 立刻
表示“开始/着手做某事”的短语精选
①get down to doing sth
②set out to do sth
③set about doing sth
④settle down to sth
⑤start/begin doing/to do sth
Ⅲ.经典句式→识记·思考·运用
1．It is compulsory for winners to be tested but other participants are only tested at random.(it作形式主语)
获胜者要强制性地进行检查，而其他参与者只是随意地检查。
[仿写]________________ a key university with such a low score.
这样低的分数被重点大学录取是不可能的。
2．The Olympic spirit—the spirit of competition which emphasises taking part rather than winning—has been violated by the desire to succeed at all costs.(rather than而不是)
人们不惜任何代价想获胜的愿望违背了重在参与而不是获胜的奥林匹克精神。
[仿写]As students，we should try to get good results by studying hard ________________．
作为学生，我们应当通过努力学习而非
3．*Having killed up to 50 million people in 18 months，with a tendency to strike the young and fit rather than the old，the Spanish Flu is believed to have been the most acute epidemic in history.(sb/sth be believed to...某人或某物被认为是……)
西班牙流感在18个月内使多达5千万人丧命，并且发病的倾向为年轻力壮的而不是老年人，它被认为是历史上最严重的流行性传染病。
[仿写]The book ________________ several foreign languages.
这本书据说已被翻译成了好几种外国语言。
答案 1.It is impossible to be admitted to 2.rather than cheating in exams
3．is said to have been translated into
【联想·积累】
“sb/sth is/was believed＋to be/do”用法小结
(1) “sb/sth is/was believed＋to be/do”为固定结构，意为“人们认为(相信)……，被认为是/做……”，其中的不定式作主语补足语。常用于这种句型的动词有say/hope/think/report/know等。动词用/希望/认为/报道/众所周知……”。
(2)当动作发生在谓语动词动作之前时，不定式用完成式；强调动作正在进行时，不定式用进行式。
(3)sb/sth be believed/said/thought/reported...to be/do...句型可转化为People believe/say/think/report...(that)．../It is believed/said/thought/reported...that...“人们相信/说//报道……”。
Ⅳ.单元语法→识记·思考·运用
条件句与混合条件句
用所给词的适当形式填空
1．If Mother ________(tell) me the truth when I was young，I would not make such mistakes so often now.
2．You could answer most of the questions now if you ________(review) the lessons last night.
3．If you had studied hard before，you ________(be) a college student now.
4．*I didn't hear the phone.I must (be) asleep.
5．*I could ________(work) out the problem，but I was too nervous.
答案 1.had told 2.had reviewed 3.would be 4.have been 5.have worked
【联想·积累】
混合条件句
当条件状语从句所表示的行为和主句所
If you had taken the doctor's advice，you would be better now.
如果你接受了医生的建议，你现在就会好多了。
[单 词 点 睛]
1．seek (sought，sought)vt.寻找，寻求；追求；探求；探索；试图
[高考例句](2015·重庆，阅读B)Besides，businesses seek to appeal to customers' senses.
此外，商业公司寻求吸引顾客们的感官。
seek sth from sb 向某人请求/寻求某物
seek after/for sb(sth) 寻求某人(某物)
seek one's fortune 寻找成功(致富)的机会
seek out 找出；寻出
seek to do sth 试图做某事
①They sought ________ a handy spot where they might sit down and rest.
他们找到了一个可以坐下休息而且方便的地方。
②He told us that he was going to Beijing ____________ (seek)his fortune and I suggested that he should seek advice ____________ his teacher and shouldn't seek ________ comfort，personal fame or gain.
他告诉我们他要去北京碰碰运气，我建议他这件事情他应该请教他的老师，不要一味地贪图安逸，追名逐利。
答案 ①out ②to seek；from；after/for
2．oppose vt.& vi.反对；反抗
[教材原句]Gene－therapy is very controversial and many people oppose further research into it.
基因治疗有很多争议，许多人反对进一步研究。
(1)oppose doing sth 反对做某事
oppose sb's doing sth 反对某人做某事
(2)opposed adj.相反的；对立的
be opposed to (doing) sth 反对(做)某事；与(做)某事对立
①Her wealthy parents opposed/were opposed to ________(she)marrying a boy from a poor family.
她那富有的父母反对她同贫寒家庭的孩子结婚。
②We all strongly oppose ________(drive)after drinking. 我们都强烈反对酒后驾驶。
答案 ①her ②driving
3．postpone vt.推迟；延期
[教材原句]I decided not to postpone studying (as I normally do！) and got up early every morning to get down to work straight away.
我决定不推迟学习(就像我平常那样！)，而是每天早上早点起床立刻开始学习。
postpone doing sth 延缓做某事，推迟做某事
postpone sth until/to...把某事推迟到……
①We are postponing our trip ________ the weather is fine. 我们推迟旅行直到天气晴好。
②Our school has decided to postpone ________(hold)the sports meeting because of the heavy rain.
我们学校已决定推迟举行运动会，因为雨太大。
答案 ①to/until ②holding
4．prohibit vt.禁止
[教材原句]Since the SARS epidemic ended，scientists have been doing trials on treatments to prohibit any future outbreaks.
“非典”疫潮结束后，科学家们就在做医学实验以预防将来再次爆发。
(1)prohibit (doing) sth 禁止(做)某事
(2)禁止某人做某事
(3)prohibition n. 禁止；禁令
①14 departments are working together ________(prohibit)the hunting of wild animals in the province.
14个部门正在共同努力禁止在全
②Some people think that it's necessary to prohibit people's using mobile phones in some places.
＝Some people think that it's necessary to prohibit people ________(use) mobile phones in some places.
一些人认为有必要禁止人们在一些场合使用手机。
答案 ①to prohibit ②from using
【联想归纳】类似于“prohibit sb from doing sth”的表达法：
阻止某人做某事
protect sb from...保护某人不受伤害……
5．decline vi.& vt.下降；衰退；谢绝 n．下降；衰退
[高考例句](2015·天津，完形)Although her description sounded wonderful，the price was beyond our range，so we declined.
尽管她的描述听起来很精彩，但这所房子
写出下列句中decline的词性和含义
①I invited her to my wedding，but she declined my invitation.____________
②The company reported a small decline in its profits.
____________
③The number of tourists to the resort declined by 10% last month.
____________
④Industry in Britain has been in decline since 1970s.
____________
(1)decline to do sth 婉拒做某事
(2)decline in/of sth 在某方面减少/下降
on the decline 走下坡路，在衰退中
fall/go into (a) decline 开始衰落，陷入衰退
⑤The number of people who run the red light has been ________ the decline since the new traffic regulations came into effect.
自从
⑥The intense competition from overseas has caused the cotton industry fall ________ a decline.
来自海外的激烈竞争导致国内棉花产业的衰退。
答案 ①v.谢绝 ②n.下降 ③v.下降 ④n.衰退 ⑤on ⑥into
6．equip vt.使有准备；配备；装备
[牛津例句]The boys equipped themselves with torches and rope，and set off.
男孩们带上火把和绳索出发了。
(1)equip...with...用……装备……
equip...for sth/to do sth 为了……而装备……
be equipped for/to do sth 为……装备好；做好准备
(2)equipment [U]n.设备，设施
①(2017·辽宁，阅读D)Now it means a small piece of ________(equip) that people use for listening secretly to others' conversations.
现在它意味着它是人们用来偷听他人的谈话秘密的一小件设备。
Your education will equip you ________ your future life. 你所受的教育将使你能适应今后的生活。
答案 ①equipment ②for
7．submit vt.提交；递交vi.& vt.服从，屈服
[教材原句] You were supposed to submit it on the 14th June.
你本应该在6月14日提交它(文章)。
submit...to...把……提交给……；向……提出
submit sb/oneself to 使某人/自己甘受，服从
submit to 服从于，屈服于
①They had to submit ________(they)to his judgement. 他们不得不服从他的判决。
②He submitted ________ the headmaster's order finally that all teachers ________(submit)that report to the headmaster.
他最终服从了校长的命令——所有的老师都应将那份报告呈交给校长。
答案 ①themselves ②to；should submit
【名师指津】 在submit...to...短语中，submit是及物动词，意为“呈交，提交”；而在submit to 短语中，submit是不及物动词，意为“服从，屈服”。
[短 语 点 拨]
1．at all costs 不惜代价地，无论如何
[教材原句]The Olympic spirit—the spirit of competition which emphasises taking part rather than winning—has been violated by the desire to succeed at all costs.
人们不惜任何代价来获胜的愿望违背了重在参与而不是获胜的奥林匹克精神。
(1)at the cost/expense of...丧失，牺牲；以……为代价
at a cost of...以……的费用/价格
at any cost 以任何代价
(2)cost sb sth 花某人……，使某人付出/丧失
①We are determined to obtain our rights at ________cost.
我们决定要不惜一切代价获取我们的权利。
②The hero saved the boy's life out of the burning library at ________ cost of his own life，which was put up at ________ cost of one million dollars last year.
英雄牺牲了自己的生命从燃烧着的去年耗资100万美元建起来的图书馆里救出了那个男孩。
答案 ①any ②the；a
2．wipe out彻底毁灭；全部摧毁
[教材原句]Epidemics can wipe out up to half of the population in urban areas.
流行病可以毁灭居住在城市的多达一半的人口。
wipe away 擦掉，清除掉
wipe sth off/from...从……上擦去某物
wipe down/up 彻底揩/擦干净
①I hastily wiped ________ the milk I had spilled.
我连忙把洒出来的牛奶擦干净。
②Your arms are my castle; your heart is my sky.They wipe ________ tears that I cry.
你的手臂就是我的城堡，你的心就是我的天空。他们擦去我哭泣的眼泪。
答案 ①up ②away
[句 式 透 析]
1．[教材原句]It is compulsory for winners to be tested but other participants are only tested at random.
获胜者要强制性地进行检查，而其他参与者只是随意地检查。
(1)It is compulsory for...为“It is＋adj./n.＋for sb to do...”结构，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式短语。此结构中for前面的形容词是指事物怎么样，如impossible，important等。
①It's important ________ you to arrive there on time.
重要的是你们能准时到达那儿。
(2)It is＋adj.＋of sb to do...中of前面的形容词是指人的性质或特征，如nice，kind等。
②It is careless ________ Kate to lose so many things.
凯特丢了这么多东西，真是太粗心了。
答案 ①for ②of
2．[教材原句]The Olympic spirit—the spirit of competition which emphasises taking part rather than winning—has been violated by the desire to succeed at all costs.
人们不惜任何代价想获胜的愿望违背了重在参与而不是获胜的奥林匹克精神。
(1)rather than为并列连词，意为“而不是，与其……不如……”，这一表达方式通常用在平行结构中，连接相同的句rather than前后两部分在成分和形式上应当一致。
①If you are one of them，I would say the only way to change things is by doing rather than ________(complain)．
如果你是他们中的一员，我想说改变事情的唯一方式是做，而不是抱怨。
(2)常用句型
②She preferred ________(stay)at home rather than ________ (go)shopping with him.
她宁愿待在家里，而不愿与他去购物。
(3)rather than连接两个名词或rather than前面的词在人称和数上保持一致。
③Mary，rather than you，________ (blame) for not finishing the work on time.
是玛丽而不是你应为没有按时完成工作而受责备。
答案 ①complaining ②to stay；go ③is to blame
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Nobody can tolerate ________(cheat)，and that's why he has no friend.
2．________(equip) with new scientific farming methods，they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.
3．It was an unpopular decision to postpone ________(build) the new school.
4．I am very much opposed to ________(permit) him to go alone.
5．It is my finances that prohibit my ________(go) to college.
6．________ is necessary for us to examine the papers before handing them in.
7．You rather than anyone else ________ (be) to blame for the mistake.
8．He is said ________(study) in the US now.
9．If you had studied hard before，you ________(be) a college student now.
10．It's clever ________ you ________ (work)out the math problem in such a short time.
答案 1.being cheated 2.Equipped 3.building4．permitting 5.going 6.It
7.are 8.to be studying9．would be 10.of；to work
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Mary，rather than you，are responsible for the work.____________
2．Strangely，Mr.Green，also opposes to the new policy，made no remark in the discussion.____________
3．They are urgently seeking out the post where they are well paid.____________
4．I like reading books rather than watch TV.____________
5．It is nice for you to give us so much help.____________
6．She saved him from drowning，but only at the cost of her own life.____________
7．Thankfully，this is a disease that is now in the decline.____________
8．The law prohibits tobacconists selling cigarettes to children.____________
答案 1.are→is 2.opposes→opposed 3.out→after/for 4.watch→watching 5.for→of 6.drowning→being drowned 7.in→on 8.selling前加from
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．Li Na ________________(被认为是)one of the best players of China.
2．The sweater she bought was beautiful ______________(而不是) cheap.
3．If there hadn't been the war，people ________________(会生活得更好) then.
4．________________(他很自私) not to do anything for the orphans.
5．It is not good for young ladies to keep slim ________________(以牺牲她们的健康为代价)．
答案 1.is considered to be 2.rather than 3.would have lived a better life 4.It is selfish of him 5.at the cost of their health
Ⅳ.单元考点作文串记
一、根据提示翻译句子
1．据说昨日三名强盗抢劫了一家银行的一笔巨款。
(It be said that...，rob...of...)
______________________________________________________________________
2．警方迅速封锁(block)主要道路，并禁止可疑车辆通行。(prohibit...from...)
______________________________________________________________________3．对这样的犯罪行为，警方必须不惜任何代价清除。(wipe out ，at all costs)
______________________________________________________________________
4．目前，他们正在搜寻有关信息。(seek)
______________________________________________________________________
答案 1.It was said that three robbers had robbed a bank of a large fortune yesterday.
2．The police immediately blocked the main roads and prohibited the suspect cars from passing.
3．The police must wipe out them at all costs as for such crimes.
4．At present，the police are seeking the information.
二、加入适当过渡词，连句成篇
【参考范文】
It was said that three robbers had robbed a bank of a large fortune yesterday.Therefore ，the police immediately blocked the main roads and prohibited the suspect cars from passing.The police must wipe out them at all costs as for such crimes.At present，the police are seeking the information.
基础训练
Ⅰ.用适当的介词或副词填空
1．A volcanic eruption nearly wiped ________ the small island of Montserrat in 1997.
2．I have asked that his proposal be submitted ________ a special committee.
3．I fear that a prior engagement will prohibit me ________ joining you in dinner.
4．All classes in the school are equipped ________ modern equipment.
5．You should seek advice ________ your lawyer on this matter.
6．I am opposed ________ going shopping with others.
7．Some students have not yet submitted their essays ________ their tutors.
8．Pop music is now ________ decline，while country music catches on.
答案 1.out 2.to 3.from 4.with 5.from 6.to7．to 8.in
Ⅱ.完成句子
9．They tried their best to make her happy but ________________ (徒劳)．
10．The librarian took a book ____________(随便地) from the shelf.
11. One failure after another ____________(彻底毁灭) his ambition for fame.
12．Nowadays ________________(对我们学生来说很重要) to master a foreign language.
13．If you had stayed calm yesterday，everything ________________(会很顺利的)．
答案 9.in vain 10.at random 11.wiped out 12.it is important for us students 13.would have gone smoothly
Ⅲ.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Life comes in a package.This package includes happiness and sorrow，failure and success，hope and despair.Life is a learning process.__14__ With each passing day we learn to handle various situations.
1．Love
Love plays a key role on our life.__15__ In the early stage of our life，our parents are the ones who shower us with unconditional love and care，they teach us about what is right and wrong，good and bad.But we always tend to take this for granted.It is only after marriage and having kids that a person understands and becomes sensitive to others' feelings.
2．Happiness and Sorrow
Materialistic happiness is short－lived，but happiness achieved by bringing a smile on others' face gives a certain level of fulfillment.Peace of mind is the main link to happiness.__16__ We realize the true worth of happiness when we are in sorrow.Sorrow is basically due to death of a loved one，failure and despair.
3．Failure and Success
__17__ It helps us to touch the sky，teaches us to survive and shows us a specific way.Success brings in money，fame，pride and self－respect.Here it becomes very important to keep our head on our shoulder.
4．Hope and Despair
Hope is what keeps life going.Parents always hope their children will do well.Hope makes us dream.Hope builds in patience.__18__ Because after every night there is a day.Nothing remains the same.
A．Failure is the path to success.
B．No mind is happy without peace.
C．Life teaches us not to regret over yesterday.
D．Without love a person could become fierce and cruel.
E．Life teaches us not to despair even in the darkest hour.
F．Experiences in life teach us new lessons and make us a better person.
G．The only choice is work hard today so that we will enjoy a better tomorrow.
答案
14．F [空格前面的句子Life is a learning process.说明生活是学习的过程，空格后面的句子With each passing day we learn to handle various situations.说明，随着每一天的过去，我们学会了处理各种各样的问题。由此可知，空格处的句子内容应该说明我们从F。]
15．D [本段标题为Love.选项D意为“没有爱，一个人将变得凶暴、残忍。”与标题相关。故选D。]
16．B [空格前面的句子Peace of mind is the main link to happiness.说明了心灵的平静与快乐之间的关系，选项B也是说明快乐与平静之间的关系的。故选B。]
17．A [本段标题为Failure and Success.选项A正是说明失败与成功之间的关系的。故选A。]
18．E [本段标题为Hope and Despair.选项E中的关键词not to despair与标题内容一致。故选E。]
Ⅳ.课文浓缩短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作业，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
The Olympic spirit has been violated by the desire to succeed at all costs.Now records have fallen track and field due to better equipment，training and diet since the first Olympic Game.And we come across the issue of performance－enhancing drugs，which is known for doping.Some athletes who abuses the drugs risk facing seriously health problems in later life.They seek to achieve beyond their natural limits.It is compulsory of winners to be tested but other participants are only tested at random.What's more，“gene－therapy” will be the next big threat.In future，athletes who have their genes change might be able to do well than they should be so if doping and gene－therapy continue to affect the outcomes of major sporting events，the word “hero” will have lost all meaning.
答案
The Olympic spirit has been violated by the desire to succeed at all costs.Now records have fallen track and field due to better equipment，training and diet since the first Olympic . we come across the issue of performance－enhancing drugs，which is known
doping.Some athletes who
the drugs risk facing
health problems in later life.They seek to achieve beyond their natural limits.It is compulsory
winners to be tested but other participants are only tested at random.What's more，“gene－therapy” will be the next big threat.In
future，athletes who have their genes
might be able to do
than they should be so if doping and gene－therapy continue to affect the outcomes of major sporting events，the word “hero” will have lost all meaning.
能力提升
Ⅰ.完形填空
体裁：夹叙夹议 话题：友谊 词数：327 时间：17′
It was well after mid－night，I stood silently staring out the ninth floor window of the New York hospital.At nine a．m.，I was __1__ into an operating room.After an eleven－hour __2__ I was put into a recovery room.It was then that I first __3__ him.He was so __4__ and stood in the doorway of the recovery room.He sent out sympathy and __5__ to me.
The man would be standing in the doorway，__6__ and nodding as I would pass with one or more members of my family.On the fourth week I was allowed to walk up the corridor __7__．As I passed his room，I stopped a minute to __8__．He introduced me to his wife and his son who was __9__
in a hospital bed.He explained that he and his wife had brought their __10__ to this hospital of hope from Iran.They were still __11__ but things were not going well.For three more weeks we continued our __12__，each giving the other the gift of caring and friendship.
There did come a day when the doctor told me I would be __13__ the following morning.The next morning he came to my room.I told him I would pray for his son.He __14__ me but shrugged his shoulders indicating the hopelessness.This man in his sorrow was so __15__ for me.I could feel his __16__．As I turned to walk down the corridor to the elevator，he was so __17__ and stood in the doorway，smiling，nodding and giving his blessing.
Fifteen years passed and I think of him __18__ and he is always in my heart as I feel I am in his.I think it is because when we face the __19__，our hearts and souls are open to those around us and we are able to accept the love and __20__ of others，almost freely and thankfully as children accept love.
1．A.dragged
B．pulled
C．wheeled
D．pushed
答案 C [根据语境可知，在早晨9点钟，作者被推进手术室接受手术。其他选项不符合
2．A.operation
B．experiment
C．practice
D．argument
答案 A [根据上句into an operating room可知，作者的手术做了11个小时，手术后作者回到了恢复室。]
3．A.discovered
B．observed
C．understood
D．saw
答案 D [作者是在手术后回到恢复室的时候第一次见到这个人的。其他选项不符合语境。]
4．A.curious
B．worried
C．funny
D．confident
答案 B [看到作者被推进手术室，11个小时的手术后又被推进恢复室，根据He sent out sympathy可知，这个人站在恢复室的门口应该是担心的。]
5．A.encouragement
B．curiosity
C．confusion
D．sorrow
答案 A [看到作者在手术后回到了恢复室，这个人对作者表示了同情和鼓励。]
6．A.singing
B．dancing
C．smiling
D．crying
答案 C [根据第三段最后的and stood in the doorway，smiling，nodding and giving his blessing.可知选项C正确。]
7．A.carefully
B．independently
C．bravely
D．patiently
答案 B [作者手术后开始由一到几个家人陪同练习走路，后来得到医生允许独立地走路。]
8．A.rest
B．breathe
C．recover
D．chat
答案 D [根据He introduced me...以及He explained that...可知，作者在经过这个人的病房时停下来和他交谈。]
9．A.playing
B．studying
C．lying
D．jumping
答案 C [因为这个人的儿子有病，所以他静静地躺在病床上。]
10．A.daughter
B．son
C．father
D．mother
答案 B [根据上面一句He introduced me to his wife and his son...的提示可知选项B正确。]
11．A.dreaming
B．imagining
C．managing
D．hoping
答案 D [尽管儿子的情况不容乐观，但这个人和他的妻子仍然充满希望。]
12．A.conversations
B．games
C．journeys
D．challenges
答案 A [三个多星期以来，作者和这个人持续交谈，给对方关心和友谊。]
13．A.transferred
B．discharged
C．delivered
D．shifted
答案 B [根据本段内容可知，作者被医生告知要出院了。]
14．A.thanked
B．encouraged
C．comforted
D．amused
答案 A [因为作者告知这个人会为他的儿子祈祷，所以这个人对作者表示谢意。]
15．A.strange
B．special
C．happy
D．important
答案 C [因为作者康复出院，所以这个人为作者高兴。]
16．A.courage
B．bravery
C．strength
D．love
答案 D [因为这个人的儿子生病，情况不容乐观，他很悲痛，但因为作者康复出院他很高兴，所以作者感受到了他对自己的爱。]
17．A.tired
B．delighted
C．lucky
D．helpful
答案 B [本空用delighted显示这个人因
18．A.finally
B．immediately
C．slowly
D．frequently
答案 D [尽管15年过去了，但作者还在时常想起这个人。]
19．A.anxiety
B．responsibility
C．disaster
D．failure
答案 C [作者和这个人的儿子都生病住院，这对人生来说应该是一种灾难。其他选项不符合语境。]
20．A.kindness
B．instruction
C．criticism
D．shortcoming
答案 A [本空用kindness与空格前面的love相对称。]
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
体裁：说明文 话题：建筑 词数：278 6′
When the Normans built their first simple wooden castles in England，they built them on the top of small hills.The first permanent castles were made of stone and built with thick walls.The main building was usually surrounded by walls which overlooked the moat (护城河)．
The entrance to the castle was usually over a drawbridge (吊桥) leading to the main gatehouse.The drawbridge could be raised or lowered and an iron grille (栅栏) could be lowered to shut off the entrance to the gatehouse.
As time went on，the castle builders became more advanced in their techniques.Instead of building a strong central building and surrounding it with walls of lesser strength，they thought out the idea of surrounding a central area with huge walls which could contain all the main rooms of the castle.These walls usually had many towers and these towers were really a series of main buildings along the castle walls.In building these castles they used hill sites whenever possible in order to give the castle a better position.Because the outside world was shut off by a barrier or curtain of defences，they are called “curtain wall” castles.
With the passing of time there was less need to build strong castles and nobles built manor (庄园) houses.These manor houses often had battlements and iron grilles，but they were built more for comfort and included many of the conveniences and luxuries of the large houses which were being built in the towns.
Unfortunately，many English castles were damaged or destroyed completely during the Civil Wars of the 1600s.
【语篇解读】 英国有许多历史悠久的城堡。但随着时代的变迁，城堡的作用也发生了改变，本文将向你介绍英国城堡的变迁史。
21．What is the best title for this passage?
A．How to build castles. B．How to protect castles.
C．The history of English castles.D．The structure of English castles.
答案 C [主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了从最简单的城堡到永久性的城堡，一直到后来作为庄园的城堡，因此主题应该是“英国城堡的历史”。故C作标题合适。]
22．It can be known from the passage that ________．
A．the first simple castles in England were made of wood
B．old castles in England were all built on the top of hills
C．the iron drawbridge was the only way to reach the main gatehouse
D．“curtain wall” castles used curtains as their walls
答案 A [细节判断题。根据短文第一段第一句话可知答案。]
23Which of the following was used not to let others enter the gatehouse of a castle?
A．A moat.
B．An iron grille.
C．A drawbridge.
D．A central keep.
答案 B [细节判断题。根据第二段中的an iron grille(栅栏) could be lowered to shut off the entrance to the gatehouse可知应该选B。]
24．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．Most of English castles became manor houses now.
B．The Civil Wars left many English castles in ruins.
C．English castles were too strong to be destroyed.
D．Nobles built manor houses in order to defend their fortune.
答案 B [推理判断题。根据最后一段可以推断，内战使得许多英国城堡变为废墟。]
B
体裁：应用文 话题：俱乐部 词数：305 时间：6′
International Kids Club in Switzerland
Lovell Camps Kids Club
Lovell Camps runs a daily Kids Club.This is an English language Montessori style club for children ages 2 to 5 years old.Kids Club is open from December through March and in July and August.Children will be a part of a wonderful and safe learning experience which includes language activities，cooking，arts and crafts，citizenship，song，dance，etc.Learning outside the classroom plays an essential role at Lovell Camps，enabling children to experience the outdoors and grow as individuals.So if you are a parent looking for information about what our club can offer your children，then you will find all the information you need right here.
Admission
Lovell Camps offer Kids Club sessions for a period of one or more weeks，half or full day reservations and optional daily skiing lessons during the winter season.
What Transportation to take?
Our club works closely with the Flight Centre，a highly reputable company able to offer great deals on international flights.They will work with your family to find the best flight route for your children and advise on arrangements for your children.Your children will be met by a club counsellor upon arrival to Switzerland.
What's Included
•Fees include healthy snacks，school supplies，equipment，hikes.If choosing the skiing option fees include transportation to and from the ski hill，professional ski instruction，ski pass，ski snack.
•Fees do not include：ski rentals and equipment，camp T－shirts and long sleeve shirts，baseball hats，transportation to and from Kids Club to home，medical insurance.
What Do You Do Next?
The first thing you need to do is register your interest online by clicking on the register button，or call our office on 01383 435 991 and speak to a member of our placement team.
25．Where do you probably read the article?
A．In a science fiction. B．In a newspaper.
C．In a medical magazine.D．In a guidebook.
答案 B [推理判断题。这个短文介绍了瑞士的一个国际儿童俱乐部，是一篇广告，因B。]
26．What might be the author's purpose in writing the text?
A．To give information about an international club.
B．To show the benefits of the club for kids.
C．To teach kids how to choose a club.
D．To tell parents how to care about their kids.
答案 A [作者意图推测题。根据文章的标题以及文章内容可知，这篇短文介绍的是瑞士的一个国际儿童俱乐部的有关信息。故选项A正确。]
27．Which means of transportation can take kids to the club?
A．Car.
B．Subway.
C．Airplane.
D．Bus.
答案 C [细节判断题。根据What Transportation to take？标题下的Our club works closely with the Flight Centre可知，孩子们乘飞机到达俱乐部。]
28．What do you know about the club?
A．It is free completely.B．It only opens in winters.
C．It is for children of all ages.D．It provides various activities for kids.
答案 D [细节理解题。根据短文第一段中的Children will be a part of a wonderful and safe learning experience which includes language activities，cooking，arts and crafts，citizenship，song，dance，etc.可知，这家俱乐部为孩D。]
Ⅲ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作业，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
As is known to us all，drunk driving can cause a great damage.Drunk driving will direct threaten the safety of drivers，passengers and pedestrians，resulting from traffic accidents，injuries and even deaths.What's more，treat the injured and repairing broken cars mean a great waste of money，time and resource.
In order to prevent drivers from drunk driving，effective measures must taken before things get worse.Firstly，it is essential whether laws and regulations should be strengthened to punish those who performs drunken driving.Secondly，drivers must strengthen our awareness of public safety.
For the sake of safe of yourself and for the happiness of your family，never do drunk driving in your life!
答案
As is known to us all，drunk driving can cause great damage.Drunk driving will
threaten the safety of drivers，passengers and pedestrians，resulting
traffic accidents，injuries and even deaths.What's more the injured and repairing broken cars mean a great waste of money，time and .
In order to prevent drivers from drunk driving，effective measures must
taken before things get worse.Firstly，it is essential
laws and regulations should be strengthened to punish those who
drunken driving.Secondly，drivers must strengthen
awareness of public safety.For the sake of
of yourself
and
for
the
happiness
of
your family，never do drunk driving in your life!
Ⅳ.书面表达
假如你是李华，你的笔友小同给你来信，反映他学习中有很大的压力。
1．参加各种各样的课外活动；
2．阅读有趣的书籍；
3．与他人多交往。
注意：词数：100左右。
【参考范文】
Dear Xiao Tong，
I have known that you have much pressure in your study.Here are my suggestions to get rid of it.
Firstly，it is necessary for you to take part in a variety of interesting out－of－class activities，which make your school life colorful.Secondly，you should get out of the classroom，see the outside world and talk to others as much as you can.Thirdly，you can read what you are interested in.You can go to the library or surf the Internet for various kinds of information.In a word，if you
are the master of your studies，you'll feel very happy.
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua