Ⅰ.核心单词→识记·思考·运用
一、单词拼写
1．*They ________(主张) that we should establish a day－care center.
2．*(2015·江苏，阅读A) Always get rid of your rubbish properly and ________ (回收利用) waste(e.g.glass，paper) where possible.
3．(2015·新课标全国I，满分作文)You can write anything ________(相关的)so long as it's interesting and informative.
4．Watching the event on television was a poor ________(代替品)for actually being there.
5．The politics of this will be ________(艰难的)，but it was the right thing to do.
6．*(2015·天津，阅读D)They are ________(潜力)powers we possess：energy，skill，sound judgment，creative ideas.
7．(2015·福建，23)It was ________(体贴的) of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.
8．That's the most incredible ________(巧合) I've ever heard of!
9．(2015·广东，阅读C)Anderson suggests that television cannot be ________(宣判)without considering other influences.
10．(2015·江苏，阅读A)Keep to the track，where one exists，so you lessen the chance of damaging ________(脆弱的) plants.
答案 1.advocated 2.recycle 3.relevant 4.substitute 5.rough
6．potential 7.considerate 8.coincidence 9.condemned 10.fragile
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1．(2017·天津，完形)The ________(separate)between us has proved to be a blessing for me.
2．(2017·北京，阅读填句)Even in advanced ________(agriculture) societies，it took about ninety－five people on farms to feed five people in cities.
3．The schools must ________(adoption)new methods of teaching foreign languages.
4．Market is an effective means in ________(allocate) of resources.
5．Some members of the committee expressed ________(reserve) about the proposal.
6．The incident ________(threat) to ruin his chances in the election.
7．My ________(calculate) is based on notional figures，since the actual figures are not yet available.
8．Henry was forced to leave his motherland for ________(politics) reasons.
9．He always ________ the needs of others.So we can say he is quite ________．(consider)
10．I bought a ________ to ________ my pencil yesterday.(sharp)
答案 1.separation 2.agricultural 3.adopt 4.allocation 5.reservations 6.threatened 7.calculation 8.political 9.considers；considerate 10.sharp sharpener；sharpen
三、开心词场
The experts and consultants adopt the suggestion that the construction of irrigation works be built in the mountainous area after careful consideration.By coincidence，severe droughts threaten some forest reserves.Sacrifice of ecology is against our principle and advocacy.
【联想·积累】
表示“支持，拥护”的词汇
①advocate vt.提倡；拥护
②back vt.支持
③support vt.支持，帮助
④in favour of 支持，赞同
与“环境”相关的单词
①species n. 物种
②pollution n．污染
③atmosphere n．大气层
④conservation n. (自然资源的)保护
⑤resource n．资源
⑥recycle v．回收利用
识记以－al为后缀的高频单词
①arrival n．到达
②criminal n．犯罪分子；罪犯
③traditional adj.传统的
④survival n．生存，存活，幸存
⑤central adj.中心的，中央的
⑥approval n. 赞同
⑦punctual adj.准时的
词汇拓展
①reserve n．自然保护区vt.保留；预订→reserved adj.预订的，保留的→reservation n．预订；保留；保护
②finance n．资金→financial adj.财政的；金融的
③politics n．政治(活动)→political adj.政治的→politician n．政治家
Ⅱ.重点短语→识记·思考·运用
一、补全短语
1．earn one's ________ 谋生
2．________ a matter of fact 实际上
3．a number ________许多
4．________ one's control 超出……的控制，不受……的控制
5．call ________ an end to sth 要求结束……
6．________ somebody's behalf 代表……
7．*all ________ all 总的来说
答案 1.living 2.as 3.of 4.beyond 5.for 6.on 7.in
二、短语填空
carry off；break away from；look ahead；answer for；*lead to；in turn；ahead of；
apart from
1．____________the injuries to his face and hands，he broke both legs.
2．Thieves ____________ the farmer's sheep during the night.
3．____________ in the distance，and you can see the lights of the village.
4．It was his carelessness that ____________ his failure in the exam.
5．Your attitude affects others which ____________ affect you.
6．If you go on doing this，we won't ____________ the consequence.
7．I thought we'd be late for the concert，but we ended up getting there ____________ time.
8．I was encouraged to ____________ old forms and rules.
答案 1.Apart from 2.carried off 3.Look ahead 4.led to 5.in turn
6．answer for 7.ahead of 8.break away from
【联想·积累】
all短语来开会
①at all (常用于否定句和条件从句中以加强语气)
②after all 毕竟；终究
③in all 总共
④first of all 首先，第一
⑤above all 首先，最重要的是
⑥all in all 总的来说
说说表示“引起，导致”的词汇
①cause
②bring about
③lead to
④result in
⑤contribute to
Ⅲ.经典句式→识记·思考·运用
1．*Given this data，it seems that the link between human activities and rising global temperatures is not merely a coincidence.(given用作介词，表示“鉴于；考虑到；倘若”)
鉴于这些数据，好像人类活动与正在升高的地
[仿写]________________，I think Ye Shiwen has done rather well.
考虑到目前的条件，我认为叶诗文已做得相当出色。
2．The last few years have seen environmental disasters on a grand scale，and experts are predicting far worse to come.(see
近几年一些环境灾难大规模地出现，专家们预测更坏的局面即将来临。
[仿写]________________ the rapid development of China.
过去30年见证了中国的快速发展。
答案 1.Given the present conditions 2.The last 30 years have witnessed/seen【联想·积累】
given用法小结
(1) given用作介词，意为“考虑到，鉴于”，表示原因；还可以表示假设，意为“倘若，假定”。
(2)表示“考虑到……；倘若，假设……”时，given后还可接that从句。
Ⅳ.单元语法→识记·思考·运用
转述结构；被动语态(Ⅲ)
单句语法填空
1．The plan is going to ____________(carry) out next week.
2．I was made ____________(copy) ten pages of the book.
3．The film is worthy ____________(see)．
4．He said he ____________(go) to Beijing to pay a visit to his uncle the next day.
5．The living room is clean and tidy，with a dining table already ____________(lay) for a meal to be cooked.
6．*In many people's opinion，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant ____________(deal) with.
答案 1.be carried 2.to copy 3.to be seen 4.would go 5.laid 6.to deal
【联想·积累】
主动形式表示被动意义小结
主语＋be ＋adj.＋to do：不定式一般用主动式。当不定式的动词是不及物动词时，则应在其后加上适当的介词
❷be worth后常接动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。
need，want，require，deserve等动词后用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。
[单 词 点 睛]
1．trap vt.使困住；诱捕；诱骗；使陷入困境n.陷阱；圈套；捕捉器
[教材原句]Because of the greenhouse effect，the Earth is warmed by gases trapped in the atmosphere.
因为温室效应，困在大气层中的气体使得地球气温上升。
写出下列句中trap的词性和含义
①Some miners were trapped underground after the collapse.____________
②Grace lost her tail as a baby when she got caught up in a fish trap.____________
③The only thing the wolf could do was climbing up to the ground from the trap.____________
④It's no longer possible to trap a sensible man into marriage.____________
⑤The police set a trap to catch the thief.____________
(1)trap sb into (doing) sth 使某人陷入(做)某事的圈套
be/get trapped in 被困在……中
(2)fall into the trap of doing sth 落入……的圈套
set/lay a trap for 为……设圈套
⑥Don't fall ________ the trap of ________(invest)all your money in one place.
不要把你所有的钱都投资到一个地方，那样做不明智。
⑦I was trapped into ________(admit)I had done something wrong.我被诱骗承认我做错了事。
答案 ①vt.使困住 ②n.捕鱼器 ③n. 陷阱 ④vt.诱骗 ⑤n. 圈套 ⑥into；
investing ⑦admitting
【联想归纳】表示“被困于……中
①be/get locked in ②be/get caught in
③be/get stuck in ④be/get blocked in
2．reserve vi.储备；保存；保留；预订n.保护区；储备
[高考例句](2017·广东，阅读A)The power of imagination need not be reserved for children only.
想象的力量不必仅仅为儿童保留。
(1)a nature reserve 自然保护区
in reserve 贮存；备用
(2)reserve sth for sb/sth 为某人/某物保留、预定……
(3)reservation n. 保留；预订(房间、座位等)
make a reservation 预订(座位、房间等)
①I'd like to reserve a table ________ three at eight o'clock.我想预订八点钟供三人用餐的桌位。
②Margaret made a ________(reserve)at/in her favorite hotel in Singapore.
玛格丽特订了她在新加坡最喜欢的饭店。
答案 ①for ②reservation
3．advocate vt.主张 n．提倡者，拥护者
[高考例句](2015·浙江，满分作文)Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behaviour.
很多专家主张对小孩的良好表现加以奖励。
(1)advocate (doing) sth 提倡/拥护/支持(做)某事
advocate that...主张……，从句谓语动词用(should＋动词原形)
(2)be an advocate of/for ……的提倡者/拥护者
①We advocated that everyone in our school ________(donate)some money to the earthquake－stricken area.
我们提倡在学校里的每个人都为地震灾区捐些钱。
②Do you advocate ________(ban) cars in this city centre？你支持禁止汽车在市中心通行这一主张吗？
答案 ①(should) donate ②banning
4．substitute vt.& vi.(用……)替代；取代n.代替品，代用品
[教材原句]After all，there's no substitute for our Earth.毕竟，地球是不可取代的。
(1)a substitute for...……的替代者
(2)substitute A for B ＝ substitute B with/by A用A代替/取代B
substitute for 代替，取代
①She is seeking ________ substitute ________ the very man whose departure made her cry.
那个男人的离去令她伤心痛哭，她正想找一个人填补空缺。
②We substitute the red balls ________ the blue ones，to see if the baby would notice.
＝We substitute the blue balls ________ the red ones，to see if the baby would notice.
我们用红色球代替蓝色球看是否能够引起宝宝的注意。
答案 ①a；for ②for；with/by
5．means n．方式，方法；手段
[高考例句](2015·重庆，写作二)In addition，we have more choices by means of wild release.
此外，通过自由分享的方式
means of(doing)sth (做)某事的方法、途径
by means of 借助……的手段
by all means 可以，当然行；尽一切办法，务必
by no means 决不，一点也不(置于句首，其后倒装)
by this means 用这种方法
①It is ________________ clear what the president can do to end the strike.
总统能做什么来结束罢工，这点完全不清楚
②Only by this means ________________ possible to persuade him.
只有用这种方法才能说服他。
③By no means ________________ be separated from practice.
学校教学决不能脱离实践。
④As is known to us all，Ye Shiwen succeeded ________________ hard working.
众所周知，叶诗文依靠刻苦训练而获得成功。
答案 ①by no means ②is it ③can teaching in school ④by means of
【名师指津】 means“方法、方式、手段”，其单复数同形，当means作主语且有every，each等表示单数意义的词修饰时，谓语动词用单数；有some，several，many，few等表示复数意义的词修饰时，谓语动词用复数。
6．adopt vt.采用，采纳，收养
[牛津例句]The courts were asked to adopt a more flexible approach to young offenders.
法庭被要求对年轻罪犯采取较灵活的处理方法。
(1)adopt one's suggestion 采纳某人的建议
the adopted son
(2)adoption n．收养；采用
①I like your methods of teaching and I ________(adopt)them in my class.
我喜欢你的教学方法，我将在我的课堂上采用。
②Having no child of their own，the couple decided ________(adopt) the orphan.
由于没有自己的子女，那对夫妇决
【名师指津】 adopt与adapt词形相近，但意思不同：adopt“采纳；采用；收养”；adapt“适应；改编；改写”，常用搭配是adapt (oneself) to，表示“适应”。
③The young couple had no children of their own and ________ an orphan.After a few months，the child came to ________ to his new life.
这对年轻夫妇没有亲生孩子，领养了一名孤儿。几个月过后这个孩子渐渐适应了他的新生活。
答案 ①shall adopt ②to adopt ③adopted；adapt
[短 语 点 拨]
1．lead to引起，导致，造成(后果)；通向
[教材原句]Global warming refers to an average increase in the Earth's temperature that，in turn，leads to climate change.
地球变暖指的是地球平均温度升高，继而导致气候变化。
lead sb to...带领……通往，引导某人去……
lead sb to do sth 使得某人做某事
lead a．..life 过着……的生活
①All roads lead ________ Rome.(谚)条条大道通罗马。
②I want to know what it was that led you ________(take)up acting as a career.
我想知道是什么让你开始从事演艺事业的。
③Ironically，this may lead to ________(do)more instead of less.
具有讽刺意
【名师指津】 lead to中to是介词，后跟名词、代词或动词－ing形式。
【联想归纳】表示“引起，导致”的词汇还有：
④________ ⑤result ________ ⑥bring ________ ⑦contribute ________
答案 ①to ②to take ③doing ④cause ⑤in ⑥about ⑦to
2．apart from 除……之外(都)；除……之外(尚有)
[教材原句]Apart from the few found in zoos，pandas live only in the central bamboo forests of Chinese mainland.
除了少数几只大熊猫在动物园里可以看到，它
apart from＝except/except for 除了……之外(都)
apart from＝besides/as well as/in addition to 除……之外(还有)
①Apart ________ Beijing and Shanghai，we also visited some other cities during the holiday.
除了北京和上海，假期里我们还参观了别的一些
②We had no trouble on the journey apart from ________(lose)some money.
除了丢了一些钱外，我们旅途中没有出岔子。
答案 ①from ②losing
[句 式 透 析]
※[教材原句]The last few years have seen environmental disasters on a grand scale，and experts are predicting far worse to come.
近几年一些环境灾难大规模地出现，专家们预测更坏的局面即将来临。
(1)句中the last few years作主语，see作谓语，意为“经历；目睹”，这种拟人修辞手法表达既简练又生动。
①The National Day of 2015 ________(witness)so many traffic jams on the expressway.
2015年的国庆节见证了高速路上大量的拥堵事件。
(2)拟人修辞手法把事物人格化，使本来不具备人的动作和感情的一些动、植物变得像人一样能说能笑。英语中使用拟人修辞手法的句子，主语通常是表示时间、地点或心爱之物，如车、船等的名词；谓语动词常为see，witness，find等。
②The two stone lions standing in front of Tian'anmen ________ many great historic events.
天安门前的这两只石狮目睹了许多重大的历史事件。
答案 ①witnessed ②saw/witnessed
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Your work must ________(finish) by tomorrow.
2．The sentence，which puzzled John，was also ________ me and we had to turn to our English teacher for help.
3．It isn't wise to spend all your salary every month.Keep some money ________ reserve，just in case.
4．Language is the carrier of culture and ________ turn it's influenced by culture.
5．The child asked his mother ________ he could go out to play tennis.
6．There is a narrow road ________ (lead)to the old house.
7．The mother sacrificed many things ________(get) her daughter a good education.
8．As teachers，we should be ________(consider) of our students' feelings.And then they will trust us.
9．March 1940 ________(find)me working in a small constructional firm.
10．________(give)that there is no traffic delay，I will be here on time.
答案 1.be finished 2.beyond 3.in 4.in 5.if 6．leading 7.to get 8.considerate
9.found 10.Given
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．For sustainable development，I advocate we should substitute coventional energy for renewable energy.____________
2．Giving his age，he has done very well.____________
3．He couldn't adopt his way of life to the company.____________
4．Only by this mean can we master English.____________
5．Schools are right to expel students who pose a threat with others.____________
6．They advocate that everyone lives a low carbon life.____________
7．“It's such a nice place，” Mother said as she sat at the table reserving for customers.____________
8．In the past few years thousands of films have produced all over the world.
____________
答案 1.for→with/by 2.Giving→Given 3.adopt→adapt 4.mean→means 5.with→to 6.lives→live
7．reserving→reserved 8.have 后加been
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．Drinking too much can ________________(导致) health problems.
2．He ________________(被困在) the crashed car and couldn't move his legs.
3．Some people ________________(提倡追求)pleasure in order to find happiness.
4．________________(要是没有交通阻塞)，I'll be there on time.
5．The old city ________________(见证了)two world wars.
答案 1.lead to/result in 2.was trapped in 3.advocate going after 4.Given that there is no traffic jam 5.has seen/witnessed
Ⅳ.单元考点作文串记
一、根据提示翻译句子
1．上周一见证了来自自然保护区的一头see，reserve，break away from，flee，lead to，panic)
______________________________________________________________________
2．据说失去控制的狮子非常危险。 (beyond control)
______________________________________________________________________
3．鉴于人们的生命受到威胁，警方主张孩子们除了乘车上学外均须待在家里。 (given that，threaten，advocate that，apart from)
______________________________________________________________________
4．最终，因为警方采用一位猎人的方法，把这头狮子困在了陷阱里。(adopt，means，trap)
______________________________________________________________________
5．要是没有这位猎人的帮助，这头狮子不会这么快被捉住。 (without，be caught)
______________________________________________________________________
答案 1.Last Monday saw a lion from the natural reserve broke away from its cage and fled the zoo.This led to a panic.
2．The lion beyond control was believed to be very dangerous.
3．Given that people's lives were threatened，the police advocated that children should stay at home apart from going to school by bus.
4．At last，because the police adopted a hunter's means，they trapped the lion in a trap.
5．Without the hunter's help，the lion couldn't have been caught so soon.
二、加入适当过渡词，连句成篇
【参考范文】
Last Monday saw a lion from the natural reserve broke away from its cage and fled the zoo，which led to a panic.The lion beyond control was believed to be very dangerous.Given that people's lives were threatened，the police advocated that children should stay at home apart from going to school by bus.At last，adopting a hunter's means，the police trapped the lion in a trap.Without the hunter's help，the lion couldn't have been caught so soon.
基础训练
Ⅰ.用适当的介词或副词填空
1．Increased production will，________ turn，lead to increased profits.
2．Apart ________ the occasional visit，what does Alar do for his kids?
3．All ________ all，it has been a pretty bad year for him.
4．________ coincidence，we arrived here at the same time.
5．You really should be more considerate ________ your neighbors so that you can get on well with them.
6．His nationality isn't relevant ________ whether he's a good teacher.
7．The boss was rough ________ him，which made him angry.
8．The criminal was condemned ________ ten years in jail.
答案 1.in 2.from 3.in 4.By 5.of 6.to 7.on8．to
Ⅱ.完成句子
9．________________(考虑到你生病了)，we'd better put off
the meeting.
10．I'm here ________________(代表) my class to give you a speech.
11．Do you ________________(提倡禁止) cars in the city centre?
12．Due to circumstances ________________(超出我们的控制范围)，the lecture was cancelled.
13．It is easy to ________________(拆钟表) but it is difficult to reassemble it.
答案9.Given that you are sick 10.on behalf of
11．advocate banning 12.beyond our control 13.take apart a clock
Ⅲ.课文浓缩语法填空
It is reported that Earth's climate is being changed and human beings will face __14__ (globe) warming.Global warming refers to __15__ average increase in the Earth's temperature __16__，in turn，leads to climate change.The global average temperature __17__ (increase) by 1℉ over the last 100 years because of human activities.If the situation __18__ (continue)，we are condemning life on Earth and should face terrible climate changes，serious diseases and bad effects __19__ some industries as well as the __20__ (rise) sea levels.So how can we stop these disasters from __21__ (happen)? Governments all over the world have a responsibility to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide __22__ (produce) by their countries.Everyone can play his __23__ by making small changes in his daily life.
答案 14.global 15.an 16.that/which 17.has increased 18.continues 19.on 20.rising 21.happening 22.produced 23.part/role
Ⅳ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作业，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Mike，
In your last letter，you told me you want to go hiking in the coming summer vacation.Like any adventure of nature，we should be prepared for your hike.The followings are my advices：
Firstly，hike with a partner for safety and leave word whether you will be traveling in case of the emergency.Secondly，carry a cell phone with you.Thirdly，be sure have the right clothing and footwear for the hike.Fourthly，carry a plenty of water because you can become quickly thirsty without it.Meanwhile，have a few snacks can give you energy，too.Fifthly，take a small first－aid box with you，particular on longer hikes in case you get injure.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
答案
Dear Mike，
In your last letter，you told me you
to go hiking in the coming summer vacation.Like any adventure of nature， should be prepared for your hike.The followings are my ：
Firstly，hike with a partner for safety and leave word
you will be traveling in case of
emergency.Secondly，carry a cell phone with you.Thirdly，be sure
have the right clothing and footwear for the hike.Fourthly，carry
plenty of water because you can become quickly thirsty without it.Meanwhile， a few snacks can give you energy，too.Fifthly，take a small first－aid box with you， on longer hikes in case you get .
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
能力提升
Ⅰ.完形填空
体裁：记叙文 话题：爱 词数：268 时间：16′
Normally in a parent－child relationship，the responsibility for care falls on the parent.But when__1__ circumstances(情况) strike，the roles can quickly be__2__．This was the case for Dan Steinberg，who was along with sister，Molly.
When Peg Steinberg was 36，she was__3__ with breast cancer.Ten and a half years__4__，it had reappeared in her skin，but she__5__ to get through it.
“Two years ago，I was examined with cancer，” Peg says.“But I now feel__6__ good，and so far，the cancer is not there.”
She remembers a time when Dan and his sister，Molly，went to the__7__ when she first had her__8__．Dan and Molly crawled in bed with her，saying，“Mom，we were young before and you wanted to__9__ us，but now we're here for you.We're__10__ and we want to know what you're feeling so we can help you，” Peg recalls.“And that was very__11__．”
“You're still my mother，Molly's mother.” Dan says.“I guess what's been hard for me is just__12__ up to the fact，I know I have to say__13__ to you and I hope that's not soon.”
Peg says that if there was anything she could change14__ her illness，it would be to have been able to give Dan more__15__ things in life，so that he would not have had the__16__ of losing his mother.
Dan says，“I love you and you have always been a role__17__ of how I should attack life，how I should__18__ life.”
“I'm very__19__ that you feel that way，and I can't__20__ having been through any of this without all of you，” Peg says.
1．A.lucky
B．excitingC．touching
D．unfortunate
答案 D [根据后面内容的叙述可知，当不幸的情况发生时，原来的角色会改变。]
2．A.acted
B．exchanged
C．moved
D．changed
答案 D [角色发生快速的改变。exchange“交换”，不符合句子意思。]
3．A.discovered
B．invented
C．disagreed
D．informed
答案 A [Peg Steinberg被发现患有癌症。]
4．A.late
B．later
C．lately
D．latter
答案 B [一段时间后面接later，表示多长时间以后。]
5．A.attempted
B．succeeded
C．pretended
D．managed
答案 D [根据to get through it和下面的内容可知，她的病好了，是指她通过努力做成了某事。attempt to do“企图做……”；succeed后面应用in doing; pretend to do“假装做……”。]
6．A.pretty
B．rather
C．even
D．ever
答案 A [pretty＝quite，表示“非常”。rather修饰一些表示“不好”的形容词。]
7．A.school
B．house
C．hospital
D．company
答案 C [根据后面的动手术可知，他们是去了医院。]
8．A.operation
B．chance
C．willingness
D．advice
答A [在医院里做第一次手术。]
9．A.prevent
B．affect
C．protect
D．persuade
答案 C [以前孩子们小，需要母亲的保护。]
10．A.students
B．adults
C．strangers
D．doctors
答案 B [此处用adults与young作对比，说明他们已经是“大人”了。]
11．A.powerful
B．terrible
C．interesting
D．impossible
答案 A [孩子说的话让母亲很感动，她认为这些话给了她战胜疾病的力量。]
12．A.looking
B．staying
C．facing
D．standing
答案 C [对孩子们来说很难“面对”他们的妈妈要死去的事实。]
13．A.no
B．yes
C．goodbye
D．hello
答案 C [孩子们认为妈妈要死去，所以只得对妈妈说再见了。]
14．A.in terms of
B．in spite of
C．in case of
D．in need of
答案 A [in terms of＝considering“考虑到”。in spite of“尽管；虽然”；in case of“以防”；in need of“需要”。]
15．A.necessary
B．important
C．astonishing
D．positive
答案 D [给孩子一些更积极向上的东西，让他们摆脱对母亲死亡的恐惧。]
16．A.fear
B．attention
C．requirement
D．cure
答案 A [面对母亲的死，孩子是害怕的。]
17．A.actress
B．model
C．waitress
D．customer
答案 B [孩子将母亲作为自己的榜样。]
18．A.form
B．educate
C．purchase
D．live
答案 D [how I live life“我该怎样生活”。]
19．A.happy
B．sad
C．disappointed
D．frightened
答案 A [母亲对孩子有这样的认识应该感到“高兴”。]
20．A.stand
B．imagine
C．bear
D．avoid
答案 B [母亲感到如果没有孩子(的鼓励)不能想象自己怎样战胜自己的病魔。]
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
体裁：记叙文 话题：人物与事件 词数：311 时间：7′
Khachamgyal's hometown in China's Qinghai Province is famous for producing learned scholars and literary legends，and the college student is determined to follow in their footsteps.
The 26－year－old，who is only the second blind person to ever be enrolled at Tibet University，has already won many awards for his poems and articles in Tibetan.“I want to achieve my dream，which is to live without needing to admire other people and without other people needing to discriminate against(歧视) me，” said the college student，who lost his sight because of illness at age 16.
Khachamgyal's native Regong County is the birthplace of famous Tibetan writer Gendun Chopel and other artists，and is known for its thangka painting，a traditional Tibetan Buddhist art.Yet，his true inspiration was a French woman known in Tibetan as Konchok Pemo.In 2005，she helped him enroll at Braille Without Borders in Lhasa.“Konchok Pemo is my benefactor(恩人)，she showed me a path of brightness in my life，” he said.
At the specialist school，he studied Chinese，Tibetan and English.He said he picked up the Lhasa dialect in weeks，and was speaking good English within six months.He went on to complete junior and senior middle school in Lhasa，and in 2017 was accepted by Tibet University，where he majors in translation.
Khachamgyal said he studies with the help from his classmates.“They take turns to read the books to me，and some books have audio versions so I can listen again and again，” he said.“As well as my classmates helping out with many things in daily life，the university gives me a sponsorship of 3，000 yuan a year，” he said.
In the past two years，he has read more than 20 books and written 16 essays，including five that have been published in magazines and newspapers.
21．What does Khachamgyal dream to be in the future?
A．A teacher.
B．An editor.
C．A translator.
D．A scholar.
答案 D [推Khachamgyal决心跟随他们的脚步，亦即在未来成为一名博学的学者。故选D。]
22．What do you know about Khachamgyal?
A．He has already won many awards while studying at Tibet University.
B．He is the only blind student who is studying at Tibet University.
C．He lost his sight in an accident when he was still a little boy.
D．He has published more than 16 essays in magazines and newspapers.
答案 A [细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的has already won many awards for his poems and articles in Tibetan.可知，在上大学期间，Khachamgyal就已经获得了许多大奖。故选A。]
23．Who truly inspired Khachamgyal in his life?
A．A famous writer.B．A French woman.
C．His classmates.D．His college teachers.
答案 B [细节理解题。根据第三段中的Yet，his true inspiration was a French woman known in Tibetan as Konchok Pemo.可知选项B正确。]
24．The story of Khachamgyal inspires people to ________．
A．face difficulties bravelyB．treasure what they have
C．help others selflesslyD．care for the disabled
答A [推理判断题。尽管Khachamgyal是个盲人，但他考取了大学，两年的时间内读了20本书，写了16篇论文，获得了许多奖项。由此可知，他的故事激励人们要勇敢地面对困难。故选A。]
B
体裁：说明文 话题：自然灾害 词数：289 时间：5′
It's a good idea for families to talk about what they would do to escape a fire.You'll want to talk about escape plans and escape routes，so let's start here.
An escape plan can help every member of a family get out of a burning house.The idea is to get outside quickly and safely.Smoke from a fire can make it hard to see where things are，so it's important to learn and remember the different ways out of your home.
If you live in an apartment building，you'll want to know the best way to the stair or other emergency exits.If you're in a room with the door closed when the fire breaks out，you need to take a few extra steps：
•Check to see if there's heat or smoke coming in the cracks(裂缝) around the door.
•If you see smoke coming under the door—don't open the door!
•If you don't see smoke—touch the door.If the door is hot or very warm—don't open the door!
•If you don't see smoke—and the door is not hot—then use your fingers to lightly touch the doorknob(门把手)．If the doorknob is hot or very warm—don't open the door!
•If the doorknob feels cool，and you can't see any smoke around the door，you can open the door very carefully and slowly.When you open the door，if you feel a burst of heat，or smoke pours into the room，quickly shut the door and make sure it is really closed.If there's no smoke or heat when you open the door，go toward your escape route exit.
【语篇解读】 如果不慎发生火灾，你将如何逃生？作者给出了逃生的5条建议。
25．The best title for the passage is ________．
A．How to make an escape plan and an escape route
B．Steps on how to escape a fire in a room with the door closed
C．The best way to find the stair or other emergency exits
D．How to deal with smoke from a fire
答案 B [主旨大意题。根据短文内容特别是第三段中的If you're in a room with the door closed when the fire breaks out，you need to take a few extra steps：可知，文章的B合适。]
26．If you are in a room where there is a fire，the writer suggests that you should ________．
A．get outside quickly and safely
B．stay in the room and wait for help
C．try to put out the fire by yourself
D．jump out of the room through windows
答案 A [细节理解题。根据短文第二段中的The idea is to get outside quickly and safely.可知答案为A。]
27．What should you do if you find heavy smoke goes into the room?
A．Escape from your room as quickly as possible.
B．Open the door very carefully and slowly.
C．Close the door as quickly as possible.
D．Find the nearest stair and run down.
答案 C [细节理解题。根据短文中的if you feel a burst of heat，or smoke pours into the room，quickly shut the door可知，发现烟进入你的房间时，应该立即关门。]
28．Where does this passage probably come from?
A．A safety guide book.B．A traffic guide book.
C．A science fiction.D．A science report.
答案 A [推理判断题。这篇文章是向读者说明发生火灾时如何逃生的，
Ⅲ.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Simple tips to help you say no with love
We say yes for many reasons.But if we're in the habit of saying yes too often，we may find ourselves overwhelmed，depressed，or angry.__29__
1．Say thanks and think it over.
Don't allow people to bully you into making quick decisions.You may feel uncomfortable，hate the other person，and make some anger towards yourself.__30__ Give them a time or date that you'll follow up with them.
2．Three breaths and two questions.
If we are in the habit of saying yes out of thinking，every question can cause stress.__31__ Then ask yourself these two questions：Am I able to? Do I want to? Just because we're able to do something it doesn't mean we should or that we need to.When we do things out of obligation it feels like a chore.When we do things out of love，they feel like a joy.
3．__32__
The actual saying no can be the hardest step because your mind's program may tell you that you're selfish or you're a bad person for saying no.This is not true.You are saying no because you value yourself，your time，and your energy.Saying no like this：I appreciate you thinking of me to watch your dog but unfortunately I'm not able to this weekend.” You can offer other dates that might work.
4．Simply say no with a smile.
__33__ When you're able to say no easily and without guilt，you might even find that you are more willing to volunteer and/or participate because when you do，it will be out of joy，not obligation.
A．What will they think if I say no?
B．Avoid this by saying you'll check your schedule.
C．Turn them down like this and offer choices.
D．It shows self－respect by being able to say no in a loving way.
E．Learning to say no protects our energy，time，and priorities.
F．Take three deep breaths before you answer which will ground you.
G．Laughing is one of the most therapeutic things you can do for yourself every day.
答案
29．E [本文介绍了一些拒绝别人的简单建议。E项说明说“不”的一些好处，属于主题段内容。故选E。]
30．B [根据空格后面的句子Give them a time or date that you'll follow up with them.可知，空格处的句子内容应该是“检查一下自己的时间安排”B。]
31．F [本段标题为Three breaths and two questions.选项F中的Take three deep breaths与标题内容相符。故选F。]
32．C [根据本段中的Saying no like this：“I appreciate you thinking of me to watch your dog but unfortunately I'm not able to this weekend.”以及You can offer other dates that might work.可知，本段标题应该是“怎么样拒绝别人并提供选项”。故选C。]
33．D [本段标题为Simply say no with a smile.选项D中的by being able to say no in a loving way与标题内容相符合。故选D。]