Ⅰ.核心单词→识记·思考·运用
一、单词拼写
1．(2015·陕西，阅读D) Other forms of parental ________(参与)，including volunteering at school and observing a child's class，also fail to help.
2．With this equipment，you can ________ (探索) a new world of adventure and underwater beauty!
3．(2015·广东，阅读C)Actually，children learn early the psychology of ________ (人物)in TV shows.
4．There was a large crowd in the square，________ (抗议) against the war.
5．Harvard University，________ (创办) in 1636，is the oldest university in the United States.
6．*(2015·天津，阅读表达)At long last，in a comfortable home，with a ________ (慷慨的)pension，he should learn to take things easy.
7．(2015·新课标全国，阅读A)________ (幸运地)，I didn't got any channels showing all－night movies or I would never have gotten to bed.
8．Officials hoped admitting fewer foreigners would ________(平定)the situation.
9.(2015·天津，2)The ________ (质量)of education in this small school is better than that in some larger schools.
10．*(2015·天津，15)The boss of the company is trying to create an easy ________(氛围) where his employees enjoy their work.
答案 1.involvement 2.explore 3.characters 4.protesting 5.founded
6．generous 7.Fortunately 8.calm 9.quality 10.atmosphere
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1．(2015·湖北，阅读A) What was his first ________ (react)when he saw a pony roll on its back?
2．*My friend John was ________(promotion) as a manager only three years after he graduated.
3．(2017·湖北，完形)They were strong and cold，rocking our little camping truck ________(violent)．
4．She speaks English so well that her friends are filled with ________(admire)．
5．In some countries black people do not have ________(equal) with white people.
6.Though suffering from both ________(disabled) and illness，he remains positive towards life.
7．After ten years of ________(struggle)，the singer finally made his mark.
8．Liu Xiang was ________ again in the game and the ________ seemed very serious.(injure)
9．Many ________ competed in the London Olympics，making it very ________．(compete)
10．As far as I'm concerned，the boy always does everything ________，for he shows strong ________ in doing everything.(confident)
答案 1.reaction 2.promoted 3.violently 4.admiration 5.equality 6.disability 7.struggling 8.injured；injury 9.competitors；competitive 10.confidently；confidence
三、开心词场
As a calm and confident athlete，Jack has a strong character and a good quality.What's more，he is always getting on well with his teammates and instructors.He has got involved with many important events and made brilliant achievements.In his opinion，the opportunity in front of everyone is equal.Having struggled for many years on his own，he became very rich.He generously donated a lot of money to the disabled.I admired him for his generosity.
【联想·积累】
❶后缀ous高频形容词
glorious 光荣的
dangerous 危险的
mountainous 多山的
humorous 幽默的
continuous 连续的
generous 慷慨的，大方的
❷表“人物特点”的形容词一览
generous 慷慨的
intelligent 聪明的
devoted 有献身精神的
energetic 有活力的
ambitious 有雄心壮志的
creative 富有创造力的
enthusiastic 充满热情的
❸盘点与“环境”相关的高频单词
species n. 物种
pollution n. 污染
atmosphere n. 大气层
conservation n．(自然资源的)保护
resource n. 资源
❹“职场”风云
appoint v．任命；委派
dismiss/fire v．开除；解雇
interview v. 面试；采访
resign v. 辞职
apply v. 申请
promote v. 升职
❺词汇拓展
skillful adj.灵巧的，熟练的→skillfully adv.熟练地→skill n．技巧
amazing adj.令人惊异的→amaze vt.使惊异→amazed adj.惊奇的，吃惊的
fortunately adv.幸运地→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortune n．运气；财富；命运
explore vt.探测；勘探→exploration n．探测；探究；探索
.重点短语→识记·思考·运用
一、补全短语
1．far ________ 太……，极为……
2．*________ my opinion 在我看来
3．________ one's own 单独地，独自地；靠自己
4．come ________ 达到某种状态
5．________ suicide 自杀
6．come ________ it 别胡扯
7．millions ________ 数百万
答案 1.too 2.in 3.on 4.to 5.commit 6.off 7.of
二、短语填空
give up；pull through；*get on with；lift off；come to an end；let out；get involved with; compete against
1．They expressed a keen interest in working on design after their tennis careers ____________．
2．I suggest to him that he should not ____________ her because she is always telling lies.
3．He was badly hurt.The doctor said he was hardly going to ____________．
4．____________ each other to reach the other end of the pool was excited for the children.
5．When an aircraft or rocket ____________，it leaves the ground and rises into the air.
6．The little girl ____________ a cry at the sight of the snake.
7．____________ smoking，he threw away his remaining cigarettes.
8．If you grow up in a large family，you are more likely to develop the ability to ____________ others.
答案 1.came to an end 2.get involved with 3.pull through 4.Competing against 5.lifts off 6.let out 7.Having given up 8.get on with
【联想·积累】
❶“依我看”表达种种
in my view/opinion
②as far as I know
③according to me
④as far as I'm concerned
⑤personally speaking
⑥from my point of view
❷get短语个个清
get across 讲清楚；(使)被领会
get around 四处走动(旅行)；(消息等)传播
get down to 开始认真(做某事)(to为介词)
get through 通过；完成；接通(电话)
get away with 侥幸逃脱
get involved with 参加，参与
.经典句式→识记·思考·运用
1．We were driving along a country lane when suddenly a car drove past us.
我们正在一个乡村车道上行驶，正在那时突然有一辆轿车超过我们。(be doing... when...正在做……这时/那时……)
[仿写]I ________________ TV ________ someone knocked at the door.
我正在看电视，这时有人敲门。
2．Jennifer was in the kitchen，with her hands in a bowl of flour，when she saw a small boy climb into a truck.(with复合结构作状语)
詹妮弗在厨房里，双手在面粉碗里，这时她看到一个小男孩爬进了一辆卡车。
[仿写]Twenty minutes later，he left ________________．
20分钟之后， 他眼里含着泪离开了。
3．*Brandi，the sisters' mother，taught her daughters at home so that they completed their high school while developing their tennis careers.(状语从句的省略)
布兰迪，这对姐妹的母亲，在家里教她的女儿们，使得她们在培养网球能力的同时也完成了高中学业。
[仿写]________________ her first space travel，female astronaut，Liu Yang became very excited.
当谈到她的首次太空之旅时，女宇航员刘洋显得很激动。
4．*Give me a challenge and I'll meet it with joy.(祈使句＋and＋陈述句)
给我一个挑战，我会欣然接受。
[仿写]________________ and I will let you go.
如果把你所有的给我钱，我就让你去。
答案 1.was watching；when 2.with tears in his eyes 3.When referring to/talking about 4.Give me all your money
【联想·积累】
❶常用省略快捷键
当时间或条件状语等从句中的主语同主句主语一致或主语是it，且从句含有动词be时，可以省略状语从句中的主语与动词be。
❷教你一招
“祈使句＋and＋陈述句” 或“名词词组＋and＋陈述句” 在这里祈使句相当于if 引导的条件状语从句(但此时去掉and)。
“祈使句＋or＋陈述句”or表示“否则”、“要不然的话”， or可用or else或otherwise替换， 从反面来预测结果。
.单元语法→识记·思考·运用
一般过去时、过去进行时与现在完成时
用所给词的适当形式填空
1．—Remember how we met for the first time，Dick?
—Of course I do.You ________(walk) to the teachers' office hurriedly and ________(not，notice) me.
2．*This is the first time we ________(see)a film in the cinema together as a family.
3．*—When shall we restart our business?
—Not until we ________(finish)our plan.
4．Bob would have helped us yesterday，but he ________(be) busy.
5．The book has been translated into thirty languages since it ________(come) on the market in 1973.
答案 1.were walking；didn't notice 2.have seen 3.have finished 4.was
5．Came
【联想·积累】
现在完成时句型小结
❶It is (has been)＋一段时间＋since从句
❷This (That/It) is the first (second...) time＋that从句
❸在条件、时间、让步状语从句中，表示将来某时以前已完成的动作。
[单 词 点 睛]
1．calm adj.镇静的，沉着的v.使平静下来；(使)镇静下来
[牛津例句]As is known to us all，it is important to keep calm in an emergency.
众所周知，在紧急情况下保持镇静是很重要的。
(1)be/keep/stay/remain calm 冷静；保持镇静
(2)calm oneself 使自己镇静下来
calm down 平息，使平静；平静下来，镇静下来
(2017·安徽，阅读B)Lucy and her assistant hid in their car until the angry bees ________________．
露西和她的助手躲在他们的车上，一直到愤怒的蜜蜂都平静下来为止。
【辨析比较】 calm/silent/quiet/still
calm “镇静的，平静的”，主要指人“沉着镇定”，也指自然界“无风无浪”
silent 主要指人“沉默的，不出声的”，但不一定无活动
quiet “安静的，宁静的”，指人时表示生性安静，不易激动；用于自然环境时，指没有干扰活动、没有喧闹声的寂静状态
still “安静的，不动的”，不指心理状态，指环境和人“静的，静止的”状态
选用以上词语完成片段
When facing danger，one should keep ________； when taken photos，one should keep ________； when someone else is asleep，one should keep ________； in class，one shouldn't keep________about the teacher's questions.
答案 had calmed down calm；still；quiet；silent
2．character n．性格，品质；特征，特性；(小说、戏剧中的)人物，角色；(汉)字，字体
[高考例句](2017·广东，阅读B)Kindness and violence can shape one's character.
善良和暴力能塑造我们的品格。
写出下列句中character的含义
Her husband was a man of good character，well－liked and respected by his colleagues.____________
At the end of the story，the main character，a young man had to leave his wife and baby.____________
Nowadays many foreigners love to study Chinese characters in China.____________
④You must get rid of the bad habit，because it can affect your character.____________
(1)be in/out of character是/不是本来的性格
(2)characteristic adj.特有的，典型的n.特征，特点
It is ________ of character for John to cheat in the exam. 对约翰来说，在考试中作弊不合乎他的性格。
答案 品质 角色 汉字 性格，品质out
【巧学助记】
3．equal adj.平等的；相等的；胜任的n.(地位等)相同的人；对手；相等的事物 vt.等于，比得上
[高考例句](2015·安徽，阅读D)In fact，when it comes to the art of war，ants have no equal.
事实上，当谈到战争的艺术时，没有能跟蚂蚁匹敌的。
(1)be equal to 等于；与……相等；胜任
be equal in 在……方面相同/相等
(2)A equal(s) B A和B相等/平等
(3)equally adv.相等地，相同地；公开地
equality n. 同等；平等
①(2017·陕西，单词拼写)Men and women must be treated ________ (equal) in education and employment.男女应该在教育和就业方面得到平等的对待。
②None of us can equal her，either ________ beauty or as a dancer.
不管是容貌还是在舞艺上我们都比不上她。
In my opinion，nobody but him is equal ________ the job，for he has good skills in it.
在我看来，除了他没有谁能够胜任这份工作，因为他在这方面有着高超的技能。
答案 equally in to
【巧学助记】
4．struggle vt.& vi.& n．斗争；拼搏；努力；挣扎
[高考例句](2017·陕西，阅读C)Why do Americans struggle with watching their weight，while the French，who consume rich food，continue to stay thin?
为什么美国人努力关注自己的体重，而法国人，他们吃油腻的食物，却能继续保持苗条的身材？
(1)struggle for...为……而斗争
struggle against/with...与……作斗争
struggle to do sth 挣扎着/努力/拼命地做某事
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
(2)It is a struggle for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事很难/费力
The wounded soldier struggled ________ his feet，but fell to the ground again.
那位受伤的士兵挣扎着站了起来，但又倒下了。
Is ________ a struggle for Lucy to keep her room tidy?
对露西来说保持她的房间整洁是很难的事情吗？
答案 to it
5．compete vi.比赛；竞争；对抗
[教材原句]He has always been very strict with his daughters，training them hard to compete against each other. 他一直都严格要求他的女儿们，努力地训练她们去互相竞争。
(1)compete for...为……而竞争
compete with/against...与……竞争
compete in...在……方面竞争
(2)competition n．竞争，竞赛
competitor n．参赛者；对手
competitive adj.竞争性的
[一言串记]As the youngest competitor，I had to compete ________ the writing contest ②________ 20 other top students ③________ the annual writing award. I must be very competitive to be the winner.
作为最年轻的比赛者，我必须和另外20个顶尖的学生在写作比赛中竞争来争夺年度写作奖。要成为获胜者我必须有很强的竞争力。
答案 in against/with for
6．promote vt.促进，提升
[教材原句]He also raised a lot of money to promote medical research into back injuries.
他募捐了大量的钱财来促进背部伤痛的医学研究。
(1)promote sth as sth 把……提升为……
promote...(from...)to...把……(从……)提升到……
(2)promoter n. 发起者，赞助者
promotion n. 提升；提拔；晋升；促进，推销
Many places of London have been promoted ____________ tourist spots because of the London Olympics.
由于伦敦奥运会，伦敦的许多地方已被提升为旅游点。
She worked hard and was soon promoted ________ a saleswoman ________ a manager.
她工作勤奋，不久就被从销售员提拔为经理了。
答案 as from；to
7．involve vt.涉及；参与
[教材原句]This is how I got involved with my charity work to improve the quality of life for all disabled people. 这就是我如何参与慈善活动，改善残疾人生活质量的情况。
(1)be/get involved in 卷入；专注于
involve...in...使……卷入……；使……专注于……
(2)involve doing sth(＝include doing sth) 包括做某事
(3)involvement n．参与；加入；沉迷
(2017·福建，31)Students should involve themselves ________ community activities where they can gain experience for growth.学生应该参与社区活动，他们能从活动中获取成长的经验。
(2017·福建，24)Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which involves ________ (spend) quite a lot of time with students.
米歇尔找到了一份中学老师的工作，(这份工作)需要和学生长时间待在一起。
答案 in spending
【名师点津】 involved adj.作前置定语时，意为“复杂的”；作后置定语时，意为“涉及的”。如： an involved sentence一个复杂的句子；the people involved所涉及的人。
[短 语 点 拨]
1．come to do something开始(认识、理解)
[教材原句]Four days after the injury，I came to understand my situation.
受伤四天后，我开始意识到自己的处境。
(1)come to
(2)when it comes to...当谈到……的时候
When he came to ________(him)，he found himself lying in bed.
当他苏醒过来时，他发现(自己)躺在床上。
They don't accept any foolishness when ________ comes to ________ (spend)money.
在花钱的问题上，他们向来很谨慎。
答案 himself it；spending
2．pull through使从(受伤)中活下来；渡过难关；康复
[教材原句]The doctor said I was not going to pull through.医生说我无法康复了。
pull over 向路边停靠
pull down 拉下；拆毁；摧毁；推翻
pull out 拔掉；离开；(火车)离站
pull in (to) 到站；(火车)进站
pull up 停车；停止
The anchor was raised and the ship pulled ________．
船起了锚，离开了海岸。
We soon pull ________ by the house.
我们很快在那座房子前停下了车。
Word came that the old buildings in this area would be pulled ________ to build up an amusement park.
消息传来说这一地区的旧建筑物将被拆除来建一个游乐场。
答案 out up down
3．get on/along 融洽相处，进展(常与with搭配)
[教材原句]Understanding his wife helps Christopher get on well with her.
了解妻子有助于克里斯多夫与她更好地相处。
(1)get along/on (well/nicely) with sb 与某人相处得(好)
get along/on (well/nicely/smoothly) with sth
某事进展得(好/顺利)
(2)get across 讲清楚；(使)被领会
get away with 侥幸逃脱，逃避……责任/罪责
get through 渡过(艰难等)；完成；接通(电话)
Your thesis wouldn't get ________ if you used too many technical terms in it.如果你用了过多的专业术语，你的论文就不会被人理解。
Don't think you can get away ________ telling lies.
不要以为你撒了谎就可以这样算了。
Did you have to get ________ an entrance examination? 你必须要通过入学考试吗？
答案 across with through
[句 式 透 析]
1．[教材原句]We were driving along a country lane when suddenly a car drove past us.
我们正在一个乡村车道上行驶，正在这时突然有一辆轿车超过了我们。
句中包括了“be doing...when...”固定句式，表示“正在做某事，这时(突然) ……”。其中when不能换成while，as，then等。
when用作并列连词句型归纳：
be doing...when...正在做……这时……
had just done...when...刚做完某事这时……
be about to do...when...正要做……这时……
be on the point of doing...when...正要做……这时……
We were about to telephone you ________ your telegram arrived.
我们正准备给你打电话，这时你的电报来了。
The coach was just on the point of ______________ (give) up the game when our team scored two points.
教练正准备放弃比赛，这时我们队得了两分。
The children ________(play)football on the play－ground when it began to rain.
孩子们正在操场上踢足球，这时突然下起了雨。
答案 when giving were playing
2．[教材原句]Jennifer was in the kitchen，with her hands in a bowl of flour...
珍妮弗在厨房里，双手在面粉碗里和面……
with her hands in a bowl of flour是with复合结构，作伴随状语。“with＋宾语＋宾补”构成with复合结构在句中通常表示伴随情况，作状语，有时也可以作定语，说明所修饰名词的特征。
其构成通常为：
with＋宾语＋
The young woman，with a baby ________ (sleep)in her arms，was wandering in the street.
那位年轻的妇女，抱着一个熟睡的婴儿，漫步在大街上。
With so many problems ________(solve), Edward Snowden will have a hard time.
因为有许多问题要解决，爱德华·斯诺登将有一段艰难的时期。
With their homework ________(finish), they went home happily. 做完作业，他们高高兴兴地回家了。
答案 sleeping to solve finished
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The pupils were playing games in the classroom ________ a gunman entered and began shooting wildly at them.
2．With all the things he needed ________ (buy)，he went home happily.
3．Spending so much money on a car is ________ of character for him.
4．I am told that the test will involve ________ (answer) questions about a photograph.
5．Jane is not good at sports，but when ________ comes to cooking，she is excellent.
6．—You were out when I dropped in at your house.
—Oh，I ________ (wait) for a friend from England at the airport.
7．I spoke slowly but I couldn't get my meaning ________．
8．Firefighters had to cut open the wreckage in order to get the ________ (injure) out.
9．Don't lose heart.There are many chances for you to get ________ (promote) in this firm.
10．He took a few deep breaths to calm ________(he)．
答案 1.when 2.bought 3.out 4.answering 5.it 6.was waiting 7.across 8.injured 9.promoted10．himself
.单句改错
1Getting your students involving in classroom activities is vitally important.____________
2.We hold these truths to be self－evident: that all men are created equal and should be treated equal.____________
3．It is a week since I have passed the driving test.____________
4With a great weight taking off her mind，she passed all the tests successfully.____________
5．Taking everything into consideration，he's equal to run the office.____________
6．When asking for his views about his teaching job，Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.____________
7．With exams approached，it's a good idea to review your class notes.____________
8．Some day you will come to realizing the importance of saving.____________
答案 1.involving→involved 2.equal→equally 3.去掉have 4.taking→taken 5.run→running 6.asking→asked 7.approached→approaching 8.realizing→realize
.完成句子
1．________________，and you will succeed.
如果你努力学习，你就会成功。
2．I ________________ the street looking for a place to park ________ the accident occurred.
我正沿着街找停车位，这时发生了事故。
3．He lay on the ground, with his eyes ________________ into the sky. 他躺在地上，眼睛望着天空。
4．________________，I won't go to such a bad lecture.
即使邀请我去，我都不想听如此糟糕的报告。
答案 1.Work hard 2.was going along；when
3．looking up 4.Even if (I am) invited
.单元考点作文串记
一、根据提示翻译句子
1．在我看来，我叔叔是一位具有良好品质的人。(in one's opinion，character)
_____________________________________________________________________
2．在紧急情况下，他总会保持镇静。(keep calm)
_____________________________________________________________________
3．有一次，他从大火中救了一名伤员。(get injured)
_____________________________________________________________________
4．此外，他还经常力所能及地帮助残疾人。(the disabled)
_____________________________________________________________________
5．社区的人们都佩服他的慷慨行为，他被提升为社区主任。(admire...for...，promote)
______________________________________________________________________
答案 1.In my opinion，my uncle is a man of good character.
2．He is always keeping calm when in an emergency.
3．At a time，he saved a person who got injured in a big fire.
4．What's more，he often does what he can to help the disabled.
5．All the people in the community admire him for his generosity，and he is promoted to be president of the community.
二、加入适当过渡词，连句成篇
【参考范文】
In my opinion，my uncle is a man of good character.And he is always keeping calm when in an emergency.At a time，he saved a person who got injured in a big fire.What's more，he often does what he can to help the disabled.Therefore，all the people in the community admire him for his generosity，and he is promoted to be president of the community.
基础训练
.用所给词的适当形式填空
1. (2015·重庆，阅读A) The ________ (disable)should be treated with respect.
2．(2015·新课标全国，短文改错)________(fortunate)，with the development of industrialization，the environment has been polluted.
3．We cannot read a man's ________ (characteristic) at the first glance.
4．He is good at his job but he seems to lack ________(confident).
5．In my opinion，Mary is ________ (equally) to Bill in brains.
6．These young men ________ (competition) for the silver medal.
7．My friend John ________ (promote) as a manager only three years after he graduated.
8．She first became ________ (involve) with the organization in 1998.
9．I have great ________(admire) for her after knowing that she is a writer.
10．He ________ (found)the charity in memory of his late wife.
答案 1.disabled 2.Unfortunately 3.character
4．confidence 5.equal 6.competed 7.was promoted
8．involved 9.admiration 10.founded
.翻译句子
11．我希望与你交朋友，逐渐相互理解。(come to)
_____________________________________________________________________
12．我花了一个小时才使她明白了我的意图。(get across)
______________________________________________________________________
13．我正在做作业，这时我的一个同学来了。(be doing...when...)
_____________________________________________________________________
14．玩具坏了，那男孩在哭。(with＋宾语＋宾补)
______________________________________________________________________
15．坚持下去，你就会拥有美好的未来。(祈使句＋and＋陈述句)
______________________________________________________________________
答案 11.I hope to make friends with you and come to understand each other gradually.
12．It took me an hour to get across my intention to her.
13．I was doing my homework when one of my classmates came.
14．The boy was crying with the toy broken.
15．Hang on and you'll have a bright future.
.课文浓缩语法填空
China's first manned spaceship __16__ (lift) off at 9 a．m. on Wednesday，October 15th，2003 in Jiuquan，Gansu Province. It was __17__ (carry) China's first astronaut，Yang Liwei. The launch was very successful. “When the spaceship separated __18__ the rocket，I suddenly got a feeling of __19__(soar) into the sky because of the zero gravity，” said Yang Liwei. The Shenzhou V circled the earth 14 times. When the spaceship __20__ (do) its seventh circle，Yang showed the flags of China and the United Nations，__21__ (express) the wishes of the Chinese people __22__ (explore) and use space __23__ (peace). Yang landed in Inner Mongolia safely at 6：23 a．m on October 16th.He told reporters that when Shenzhou V let __24__ its parachute，he felt the ship was shaking. Millions of people all over China were watching TV __25__ the spaceship landed safely. Yang was happy to return home but he thought 21 hours was too short to stay in space.
答案 16.lifted 17.carrying 18.from 19.soaring 20．was doing 21.expressing
22.to explore 23.peacefully 24.out 25.when
.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
In my opinion，time is much valuable than money.The reason is why when money is spent，we can earn them back.But when time is gone，it will never come back.Otherwise we must value our time.
But lots of students don't know the valuable of time.They spend time doing so meaningless things as playing computer games，playing cards and watching TV.We don't realize that wasting time is equal to waste a part of their valuable life.
As students，what we should do first is to study hard and obtain knowledges.Hence we must spend most of our time studying so as not to make contributions to our country in the future.
答案
In my opinion，time is much
valuable than money.The reason is that when money is spent，we can earn back.But when time is gone，it will never come back.we must value our time.
But lots of students don't know the
of time.They spend time doing
meaningless things as playing computer games，playing cards and watching TV. don't realize that wasting time is equal to
a part of their valuable life.
As students，what we should do first is to study hard and obtain .Hence we must spend most of our time studying so as
to make contributions to our country in the future.
能力提升
.完形填空
体裁：记叙文 话题：忠诚与勇敢 词数：292 时间：17′
In the summer of 1862, a young man soldier was found sleeping at his post.He was tried and__1__ to be shot.The day was fixed for the shot, and the young soldier calmly prepared to meet his__2__．
Friends who knew of the case brought the matter to Mr.Lincoln's__3__．It seemed that the boy had been on duty one night, and on the following night he had__4__ the place of a comrade too ill to stand guard.The__5__ night he had been again called out, and, being completely__6__， had fallen asleep at his post.
As soon as Mr.Lincoln understood the__7__， he signed a pardon, and sent it to the camp.The morning__8__ the execution arrived, and the President had not heard__9__ the pardon had reached the officers in__10__ of the matter.He began to feel uneasy.He ordered a telegram to be sent to the camp, but__11__ no answer.
At last, feeling that he must know that the young man was__12__， he ordered the carriage and rode__13__ ten miles over a dusty road and beneath a hot sun.When he__14__ the camp he found that the pardon had been received and the execution stayed.
The young man was released, and his heart was__15__ with lasting gratitude(感激)．When the campaign__16__ in the spring, the young man was with his regiment near Yorktown, Virginia.They were__17__ to attack a castle, and he fell at the first bullet of the enemy.
His comrades caught him up and carried him bleeding and__18__ from the field.He said, “I have__19__ myself not a coward(懦夫), and I am not__20__ to die.” Then, making a last effort, with his dying breath he prayed for Abraham Lincoln.
1．A.sentenced
B．beat
C．managed
D．achieved
答案 A [be sentenced to be shot“被宣判枪毙”。sentence作“宣判；判决”讲。]
2．A.wealthy
B．future C．fate
D．arrangement
答案 C [meet one's fate “接受命运”。]
3．A.support
B．attention C．effect
D．impression
答案 B [朋友将这个事件说给林肯听，是为了吸引林肯的注意。]
4．A.taken
B．replaced
C．given
D．created
答案 A [take the place of “代替某人的位置”，是固定短语。]
5．A.first
B．second
C．third
D．fourth
答案 C [根据故事时间的叙述可知，第三夜又被叫出(站岗)。]
6．A.excited
B．frightened
C．ashamed
D．exhausted
答案 D [连续三夜不睡觉，这个士兵非常 “劳累”。]
7．A.case
B．sentence
C．passage
D．trial
答案 A [林肯理解的是这个事件(指士兵连续站岗因劳累而睡觉)，上文第二段第一句也给出了提示。]
8．A.after
B．when
C．since
D．before
答案 D [林肯在士兵被枪毙之前没有听到赦令是否已经传达给了军官。]
9．A.unless
B．until
C．whether
D．as
答案 C [解析同上。]
10．A.charge
B．spite
C．place
D．need
答案 A [in charge of “负责”。]
11．A.accepted
B．received
C．written
D．replied
答案 B [根据后面的no answer可知，林肯没有 “收到”任何消息。]
12．A.dangerous
B．terrible
C．freezing
D．safe
答案 D [林肯担心士兵的安全。]
13．A.slowly
B．rapidly
C．quickly
D．stably
答案 B [由于担心士兵的安全，林肯的马车非常快。注意rapidly与quickly的区别，quickly指动作的 “快”。]
14．A.reached
B．left
C．got
D．arrived
答案 A [根据上下句的意思不可能选B, C和D都是不及物动词。]
15．A.helped
B．forbidden
C．started
D．filled
答案 D [be filled with “充满”。]
16．A.ended
B．opened
C．finished
D．completed
答案 B [从下文的the first bullet of the enemy可知是“开战”。]
17．A.ordered
B．abolished
C．gathered
D．analyzed
答案 A [被命令去攻击一个城堡。]
18．A.died
B．death
C．dying
D．dead
答案 C [dying是形容词“垂死的”，从下面士兵还会说话可以判断答案。]
19．A.seemed
B．looked
C．suffered
D．proved
答案 D [证明自己不是懦夫。]
20．A.afraid
B．willing
C．possible
D．likely
答案 A [因为自己不是懦夫，所以不怕死。]
.阅读理解
A
体裁：记叙文 话题：人物和事件 词数：290 时间：6′
When she looked ahead, Florence Chadwick saw nothing but a solid wall of fog.Her body was numb (麻木的)．She had been swimming for nearly sixteen hours.
Already she was the first woman to swim the English Channel in both directions.Now, at age 34, her goal was to become the first woman to swim from Catalina Island to the California coast.
On the morning of July 4th, 1952, the sea was like an ice bath and the fog was so thick that she could hardly see her support boats.The wind was strong and it was raining heavily.Against the cold water of the sea, she struggled on—hour after hour.Millions of people at home were watching her in front of the television.
In one of the boats, her mother and her trainer tried their best to encourage her.They told her it wasn't much farther.But all she could see was fog.They urged her not to give up.She never had...until then.With only a half mile to go, she asked to be pulled out.
After thawing her cold body several hours later, she told a reporter, “Look, I'm not excusing myself, but if I could have seen land I might have made it.” It was not tiredness or even the cold water that defeated her.It was the fog.She was unable to see her goal.
Two months later, she tried again.This time, despite the same thick fog, she swam with all her strength and her goal clearly pictured in her mind.She knew that somewhere behind that fog was land and this time she made it! Florence Chadwick became the first woman to swim the Catalina Channel!
【语篇解读】 Florence Chadwick是第一个从卡特琳娜岛游到加州海岸的人。第一次，她失败了。为什么呢？因为大雾，她看不到自己的目标！
21．The reason why Florence Chadwick gave up for the first time was that ________．
A．the sea water was very cold B．she was too tired to swim
C．she couldn't see her goalD．she was lost in the sea
答案 C [细节判断题。根据文章第四段中的It was not tiredness or even the cold water that defeated her.It was the fog.She was unable to see her goal.可知，造成Florence Chadwick放弃的原因是因为她看不到自己的目标。]
22．What do you know about Florence Chadwick?
A．She was 34 years old when she was swimming the Catalina Channel.
B．She was a woman who never gave up when facing difficulties.
C．She had few supporters except her mother and her trainer.
D．She was the first person to swim the Catalina Channel.
答案 A [细节理解题。根据第二段及第三段第一句可知答案。]
23．The underlined word “thawing” in Paragraph 4 has the same meaning as ________．
A．tidying
B．warming
C．washing
D．shaking
答案 B [词义猜测题。根据课文意思可知，当时的海水非常寒冷，Florence Chadwick被拉出海水后，当然是要取暖，故B为正确选项。]
24．The writer of the passage wants to tell us a truth that ________．
A．a clear goal is necessary for success
B．one should never mind other people's words
C．success can't be achieved for the first try
D．one should not risk doing what seems impossible
答案 A [推理判断题。本文说明了Florence Chadwick第一次横渡Catalina Channel没有成功的原因是因为没有明确的目标，第二次有了明确的目标后，成功渡过Catalina Channel，因此可以推测，清晰的目标对获得成功来说是必须的。]
B
体裁：说明文 话题：医学 词数：271 时间：6′
As cold season approaches, many Americans will buy a lot of vitamin C and echinacea(紫锥菊)in order to avoid catching a cold.But paying attention to an old piece of advice about having enough sleep every day might be more important.
Research suggests that poor sleep can increase the chance to colds.Studies have shown that poor sleep and a chance to catch a cold go hand in hand, and scientists think sleep plays an important role in the body's defenses.
In a recent study for The Archives of Internal Medicine, scientists followed 153 men and women for two weeks, keeping an eye on their quality and duration(持续性)of sleep.Then, during a five－day period, they exposed them to cold viruses.Those who slept an average of fewer than seven hours a night, it turned out, were three times as likely to get sick as those who averaged at least eight hours a night.
Sleep and immunity(免疫), it seems, are tightly linked.Studies have found that mammals that require the most sleep also produce greater levels of disease－fighting white blood cells—but not red blood cells, even though both are produced in bone marrow(骨髓) and stem from the same precursor.And researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology have shown that species that sleep more have greater resistance against pathogens(病原体)．
“People who have longer sleep every night，” the Planck scientists wrote, “appear to be able to strengthen their immune systems and be better protected.”
【语篇解读】 随着天气变冷，越来越多的人将会感冒。如何才能在寒冷的季节避免感冒的侵袭？研究表明，充足的睡眠将会保护你不受感冒的威胁。
25．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
A．The Best Way to Avoid Catching a Cold in Winter.
B．The Relationship between Sleep and Immunity.
C．Lack of Sleep Increases the Risk of Catching a Cold.
D．How to Strengthen Your Immune Systems?
答案 C [主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文主要讲述的是充足的睡眠可以减少得感冒的机会，也就是说缺乏睡眠会增加得感冒的风险。故C可作文章的标题。]
26．From the passage we can infer that ________．
A．vitamin C and echinacea can help resist colds
B．the longer you sleep, the healthier you will be
C．people didn't know the relationship between sleep and colds before
D．people's immunity can be gained mostly from sleep
答案 A [推理判断题。根据短文第一句可知答案。B项没有依据；C项根据But paying attention to an old piece of advice about having enough sleep every day might be more important可排除；D项没有依据。]
27．We can draw a conclusion from the third paragraph that ________．
A．most people sleep less than seven hours a day
B．sleep less may easily lead to some illnesses
C．one should sleep at least seven hours a day
D．sleep is the best way to treat illnesses
答案 B [细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，从这项研究中可以得出结论：睡眠少很容易导致疾病。]
28．How does the author express his idea?
A．By using the results of studies. B．By comparing some numbers.
C．By telling some interesting stories.D．By referring to some theories.
答案 A [细节理解题。作者为了说明睡眠不足可导致感冒的风险，多次提到了研究的结果。故答案为A。]
.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Children need eye health and vision care during their developmental years and yet the majority of children starting school do not have the care they need.The Canadian Association of Optometrists (CAO) recently launched “Eye See...Eye Learn”，a program of __29__(aware) to educate parents about the important link between __30__ (learn) and good vision.The program，__31__ is popular with both children and their parents，encourages parents to take their children to an optometrist(验光师) __32__ an eye exam before they begin kindergarten.The program partners government，schools and local community groups made __33__ of parents，teachers and health professionals.
It's important to encourage children to use their visual skills in__34__(difference) ways throughout the day.When a child __35__ (watch) television for six hours a day，the ability to increase on visual skills is__36__(limit)．
If a child needs to wear __37__ (glass)，a positive attitude can make all the difference to a child's approach.Your optometrist can also help you if your child__38__(do) need a pair of glasses.
答案
29．awareness [用名词形式作介词of的宾语。]
30．learning [learning是动词learn的名词形式，与and后面的good vision保持词性一致。 ]
31．which [which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the program。]
32．for [for表目的，意为“为了”。]
33．up [make up of是固定短语，意为“由……组成”。]
34．different [形容词修饰名词ways。]
35．watches [主语是第三人称单数a child，故谓语动词也要用单数形式。]
36．limited [空格前有系动词is，故空格中用所给单词的形容词limited。]
37．glasses [眼镜必须是glasses，glass为不可数名词，意为“玻璃”。]
38．does [名词为第三人称单数，故谓语动词也要用单数形式。]