2017---2015年高考英语分项解析精编版
专题2 代词、介词和介词短语
1.【2015·重庆】2. The meeting will be held in September, but____ knows the date for sure.
everybody B. nobody
C. anybody
D. somebody
2.【2015·重庆】10.Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68 ℃____ the average.
A. below B. on
C. at
D. above
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：去年是有纪录以来最热的一年，全球平均气温上升0.68度。With 的宾语global temperature ，宾语补足above the average。
【考点定位】考查介词。
【名师点睛】with的复合结构中，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词和代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词，副词，介词短语，动词不定式或分词充当。而本题考查with +名词/代词+介词短语,而介词的使用则根据当时语境的提示来做出相应的变化即句中的the warmest year on record起重要作用，可知高出平均气温。
3.【2015·浙江】3. Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and sea?
A. about
B. to
C. with
D. over
【答案】 B
12. How would you like
if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?
A. them
B. one
C. those
D. it
5.【2015·浙江】17. These comments came
specific questions often asked by local newsmen.
A. in memory of
B. in response to
C. in touch with
D. in possession of
【答案】B
【解析】
2. The quality of education in this small school is better than ______ in some larger schools.
A. that
B. one
C. it
D. this
7.【2015·浙江】10. Most people work because it’s unavoidable. , there are some people who actually enjoy work.
A. As a result
B. In addition
C. By contrast
D. In conclusion
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：很多人工作是因为这是不可避免的，相反，有一些人是的确喜欢工作的。根据前后的意思，可以知道前后是表示对比。A意为结果， B意为此外， C意为相反， D意为结论。
【考点定位】考查介词短语
【名师点睛】
8.【2015·陕西】12.The little pupil took his grandma the arm and walked her across the street.
A. on
B. by
C. in
D. at
9.【2015·陕西】13. To warm himself, the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against .
A. another
B. the other
C. other
D. either
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：为了提醒自己，这个水手坐在火前面一只光脚摩擦另外一只脚。因为人有两只脚，一只是one，另外一只是the other，所以选B
【考点定位】考查代词
【名师点睛】代词首先要弄清它指代的是什么，指代的数量，结合句意和代词本身的用法，再进行辨析。another； the other；other；others，就要弄清它们之间的差别。结合上下文句意来进行判断。
10.【2015·福建】21.The research group produced two reports based on the survey, but _________contained any useful suggestions.
A. all B. none C. either D. Neither
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：副词辨析。该句中A.all全部；B.none没有一个；C.either两个中任何一个；D.两者都不。根据该句意思：那个研究团队在那个调查上得出了两个报告，但是两个报告里面都没有任何有用的参考。故选D本题考查副词辨析，要求学生掌握大纲内每个副词的意义及用法。
【考点定位】考查副词辨析。
【名师点睛】本题考查辨析，
11.【2015·福建】22._______A common memory they all have their school days is the school uniform.
A. of B. on C. to D. with
12.【2015·福建】32.Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live_________nature.
A. in view of B. in need of
C.in touch with D. in harmony with
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：考查短语辨析A.in view of在…眼里；B.in need of需要；;C.in touch with和…接触； D. In harmony with与…和谐相处。这四个短语后面都应该接名词，该句意思为：人的生活是自然的一部分，因此，我们生存下来的唯一的方法就是与自然和谐相处。根据句意，故选D
【考点定位】考查短语辨析
13.【2015·江苏】34.Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around _______ Thomas Edison.
A. thanks to
B. regardless of
C. aside from
D. but for
【答案】
【解析】
试题分析：句意：A项14.【2015·安徽】33.They believe that there are transport developments ______ that will bring a lot of changes for the better.
A. out of date
B. out of order
C. around the clock D. around the corner
15.【2015·湖北】30.This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you _____ that if you smoked here you would be fined.
A.in advance
B.in detail
C. in total
D.in general
【答案】
【解析】
试题分析：句意：A项；B项；C项；D项。
【考点定位】介词短语辨析
【名师点睛】if you smoked here you would be fined”这一虚拟语气表示这是假设的情况，因此是在“提前”警告某人。另外，考生应注意积累“in+n.(+of)”这一常考搭配。
2017年高考英语分项解析精编版
专题01冠词、名词和主谓一致
冠词
1.【2017·重庆卷】6. I can’t tell you _______ way to the Wilsons’ because we don’t have _______ Wilson here in the village.
A. the; a
B. a; /
C. a; the
D. the; /
2.【2017·天津卷】8. Life the like ________ ocean; Only ________strong-willed can reach the other shore.
A. an; the
B. the; a
C. the ;/
D. / ; a
【答案
【解析】
试题分析：句意：生活就像一片海；只有那些意志坚强的人才能到达彼岸。ocean海洋，是可数名词，又是元音开头，所以用an；strong-willed是形容词，前面用the 表一类。又如。the injured伤员。所以选A。
考点：考查冠词。
【名师点睛】考查冠词。冠词是高考英语中的难点和重点，考生在冠词试题上失分较多，主要是缺乏语感，对一些知识点掌握不够透彻。本题中首先不定冠词an用于以元音音素开头的单词前。ocean海洋，是可数名词，又是元音开头。
A. a; the
B.
the; the
C.
the; a
D. a; a
4.【2017·陕西卷】19. ________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town.
A. The; a
B. A; the
C. The; the
D. A; a
【名师点睛】本题考查冠词。在本题中the town就是特指，a就是一般修饰名词的冠词。修饰冠词的运用要把握 a 一般表示泛指某一类人或物，意为“任何一个，任一” 。the 表示表示特指，或有某类型的修饰。定冠词的用法口诀，特指双熟悉，上文已提及； 世上独无二，序数最高级； 某些专有名，习语及乐器 要牢记对于做题非常有帮助。
2. The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days ______ week, often long into______night.
A. a; the B. the; 不填 C. a; a D. 不填；the
1.【2017·天津卷】3. Wind is now the world’s fastest growing ________ of power.
source
B. sense
C. result
D.
root
【答案
【解析】
试题分析：句意：风现在是世界上增长最快的电力资源。source 资源；sense感觉、意识；result结果；root根源。结合语境可知选A。
考点：考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。
【名师点睛】本题的考查点比较简单，并未变换单词原意。source 资源；sense感觉、意识；result结果；root根源。只要把本题的意思理解透彻了，选出答案不困难，单词积累是做题速度与质量的关键，做这类比较简单的题目需要抓紧时间，看准了就选择，才能为后文阅读节约时间。
26.
—Could you tell me the____
of making such tasty cakes?
— Well,I just follow thedirectons in the cookbook.
A. feature
B.plan
C.cost
D.trick
3.【2017·湖北卷】Her_____ for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.
A. motivation
B. qualification
C. talent
D. technique
4.【2017·湖北卷】When Richard said，“You are much more agreeable and prettier now，Joan’s face turned red at the unexpected
A. command B. comparison
C. compliment
D. contribution
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：句意上，Joan听见Richard的出乎意外的话脸变红，而话的内容是“你更加和蔼可亲和漂亮了”，明显是夸赞之言，C项表示的就是“恭维，赞美”，故选C。A项表示的是“命令，要求”；B项表示“比较”；D项表示“贡献”，句意上都不符合。“com-的前缀和con-的前缀单词一直是高考的重点和难点。
考点：考查形近名词辨析及语境理解
【名师点睛】本题考查com/n为首的单词，分辨难度较大。形式相同、读音相近，这样的词汇要成为考生备考的重点。记忆词根动词，无论怎么考都可以分辨出意思。比如本题动词原形分别是command、compare、compliment、contribute，在平时需要多积累，才能在考场从容应对。
27. She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful ________ in last year’s election.
A. symbol
B. portrait
C. identity
D. statue
6.【2017·安徽卷】29．— Why not buy a second-hand car first if you don't have enough money for a new one?
— That's a good
.
A. saying
B. question
C. suggestion
D. account
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：--如果你没有足够的钱买一个新车，你为什么不先买一辆二手的呢？--这是一个好建议。四个选项的含义分别是:A .saying说法，B. question问题，C suggestion建议，D.account账户，描述。根据句意选C。
考点：考查名词辨析
【名师点睛】本题D是干扰项。A、B容易排除，根据上文的句意可以推断出下文意思，在C、D之间比较选择，C普通意思是建议，D意思繁多，如账户；解释；账目，账单；理由。对于记忆不清楚的单词，如果能够确认另外一个是正确的，就选择另外一个，反之，选择考生记忆模糊意义的单词。
6. We most prefer to say yes to the ______ of someone we know and like.
A. attempts B. requests C. doubts D. promises
主谓一致
1.【2017·湖南卷】32. All we need
a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit
trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.
A. are
B. was
C. is
D. were
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：考查。故正确。
【知识拓展】
1. all指人时谓语动词用复数；指物时谓语动词用单数。
Now all has been changed. 一切都已改变。
“All are present today, Mr Li.”answered the monitor. 班长回答说：李老师，今天大家全到了。
all + of + 名词”时，若of后为不可数名词，动词用单数形式，若of后为复数名词或代词时，动词用复数形式。
All of us like sports. 我们所有人都喜欢体育。
【名师点睛】本题是典型的主谓一致题型。关键在于弄清楚All做主语时的用法，牢记规则all指人时谓语动词用复数；指物时谓语动词用单数。把理论知识放到题目中去记忆，背诵几个类似句型，做题目时就会轻松很多。因此，不仅要领会知识，更要去运用。
2017年高考英语试题分类汇编之单项填空
专题02—代词、介词和介词短语
1.【2017·浙江卷】Half of ______ surveyed in 16 countries say they go first to their closest friend to share their deepest wishes and darkest fears.
A. these
B. some
C. ones
D. those
2. [2017·陕西卷] Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years, she lost
______ of her enthusiasm for life.
A. some
B. neither
C. none
D. All
【答案】C
【解析】考查不定代词。句意：尽管Rosemary多年来一直遭受重病的困扰，但一点也没有失去生活的热情，所填词表示全部否定，选C。
【名师点睛】代词是高考中常考的考点。分析可知这里有肯定有否定。首先根据句意弄清需要肯定意义的代词还是否定意义的代词，还要区分neither和none的不同用法，这样就可以找出正确的答案。
3. [2017·课标全国卷Ⅱ] It's an either－or situation—we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can't do ________.
A．others
B. either
C．another
D. both
【答案】D
考查代词。句意：这是一个非此即彼的情形——今年我们可以购买一辆新车，我们也可以去度假，但是我们不能两者兼得。前面已经提到要么做这件事，要么做另外一件事，只能选其一，所以后面是一个部分否定，not……both表示部分否定。
【名师点睛】这题是代词和否定词搭配的不同含义。英语中有部分否定：not…both/all/every;和全部否定neither；none。做题的时候要弄清楚句子的正确含义，再判断是用哪一种，还有要注意指代的名词的数量。这也很重要。
4.[2017·重庆卷] Recyclingis one way to protect the environment; reusing is
________.
A．another
B．the other
C．one another
D．one
5． [2017·天津卷] At our factory there are a few machines similar to________
described in this magazine.
A. them
B. these
C．those
D．ones
6. [2017·四川卷] The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than
________
on the small ones.
A. one
B. this
C. that
D. it
【答案】C
考查代词的区别。that代替The traffic，其后有定语限制，常用that，不用one。句意：主街道上的绿色交通信号灯保持的时间比小街道长。
【名师点睛】that用作替代词主要用于替代“the+单数名词(可数或不可数)”，表特指。one用作替代词主要用于替代“the+单数名词”，表泛指。替代词that与代词it的用法不同，it主要指前面提到的“同一”事物，而that是指前面提到的“同类”事物。
7.[2017·山东卷] I've lived in New York and Chicago, but don't like ________ of them very much.
A. either
B. any
C．each
D. another
8． [2017·江西卷] ________ can be good at something for 40 years if he doesn't love it.
A. Anybody
B. Everybody
C. Nobody
D. Somebody
9. [2017·辽宁卷] To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then
________
of her colleagues.
A．that
B．one
C．ones
D．those
A
考查代词。that指代前面the ＋ n．，表示特指。这里that指代the trust, 所以选A。
【名师点睛】that用作替代词主要用于替代“the+单数名词(可数或不可数)”，表特指。one用作替代词主要用于替代“the+单数名词”，表泛指。Ones和those是指代前面的可数名词复数。这题关键是找到指代的词是不可数名词trust，那么只有A是正确的。
10. [2017·安徽卷] This project requires close teamwork. ________ will be achieved unless we work well together.
Nothing
B．Anything
C．Something
D．Everything
11. [2017·浙江卷] It will be a big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner. ______, I’ll set the table.
A. As a result
B. On the whole
C. In the meanwhile
D. As a matter of fact
12. [2017·陕西卷] The manager wants to see changes in the company, and I am sure he will.
A. in particular
B. in turn
C. in charge
D. in time
【答案】D
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。in particular尤其，特别；in turn轮流；in charge负责，管理；in time迟早；最后；及时；经过一段时间之后。句意：经理想要看到公司的变化，我想经过一段时间他会看到的。故选D。
【名师点睛】介词短语辨析是高考常考点。这几个词组都由介词in+名词构成，平时在学习中，可以经常归纳总结类似的介词短语，进行辨析。做题时再结合题干的意思进行比较，不难选出正确答案。
13. [2017·课标全国卷Ⅰ] It was a real race
________
time to get the project done. Luckily, we made it.
A. over
B. by
C. for
D. against
【答案】D
本题考查介词的用法。题干中的it显然是形式主语，真正主语是不定式to get the project done。句意：完成这个项目真是在和时间赛跑。幸运的是，我们赢了。
【名师点睛】这是考查单个介词的题目。这就要求学生平时在学习的过程中要掌握这个介词的多种含义，尽量记牢记全。比如against这个词的含义，比较丰富，有“反对，违反；靠；倚；防备”等含义。做题时结合句意进行判断。
14. [2017·山东卷] The Smiths are praised
________ the way they bring up their children.
A. from
B. by
C. at
D．for
15. [2017·课标全国卷Ⅱ] A serious study of physics is impossible
________
some knowledge of mathematics.
A. against
B. before
C. beyond
D. without
16. [2017·江苏] I am always delighted whenI receive an e－mail from you ________．the party on July 1sh.I shall be pleased to attend”．
On account of
B．In response to
C．In view of
D．With regard to
D
考查介词短语辨析。句意为：我总是很高兴我收到你的电子邮件。关于7月1日的聚会，我乐意参加。with regard to意为“关于”，符合题意。on account of意为“因为”；in response to意为“答复”；in view of意为“鉴于，考虑到”。
【名师点睛】在单项选择中，经常会给出搭配相似的短语让考生辨析，如：in honor of, in favour of, in place of, in control of, in charge of等等。关键还是在平时学习的过程中，多积累多总结多记忆。还有正确理解句意是关键。
17. [2017·辽宁卷] ________everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country.
By means of
B．On behalf of
C．In search of
D．For fear of
18.[2017·湖北] An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered ________ a long lost antique Greek vase.
at random
B．by chance
C．in turn
D．on occasion
B
19. [2017·北京卷] I have an appointment
________
Dr. Smith, but I need to change it.
A. to
B. off
C. with
D. from
【答案】C
考查介词。have an appointment with sb.与某人有个约定/预约。
【名师点睛】这是考查单个介词的题目。有的时候考查的是介词和某个名词或动词搭配的用法，比方这道题，实际上考查的是词组：have an appointment with sb.的用法。以动词或者名词作为中心词进行记忆，是个不错的方法。做题时结合句意进行判断。
[2017·安徽卷] Before you pay a visit to a place of interest, look in your local library
________a book about it.
A.on
B．at
C．for
D．to
21. [2017·福建卷] Mrs. Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always ________ whenever she tries to.
A. in the way
B. on watch
C. in sight
D. on the line