9.Mrs.White showed her students some old maps
(borrow) from the library.(2010·新课标全国) 10.
(listen) to loud music at rock concerts has caused hearing loss in some teenagers.(2010·湖南) borrowed Listening 答案 短语填空 watch out for，break out，cheer up，block out，prevent ...from，in time 1.The destruction of such species could
researchers
finding cures for certain diseases.(2015·陕西) 2.So we went over to the flower seller and asked her if we could buy a flower for the lady to
her
.(2017·福建) 3.In the early 16th century，people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to
disease.(2011·重庆) prevent from cheer up block out 答案 4.We arrived in the summer，just
to enjoy the midnight sun.(2017·四川) 5.When the news came that the war
，he decided to serve in the army.(2011·辽宁) 6.
walkers and other bicyclists，and always use your lights in dark conditions.(2017·天津) in time broke out Watch out for 答案 完成句子 1.因为Suzie不与我们一起吃饭，所以我们没必要买这么多食物。 We needn’t have bought so much food
.(2017·江西) 2.正在为下一届亚运会建的新体育馆是现在的体育馆的3倍大。 The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be
the present one.(2011·陕西) 3.某些人看作是障碍的东西却被很多人看作是有利的情况或因素。
is seen as a plus by many others.(2010·北京) now that Suzie won’t be with us three times as for dinner big as What some people regard as a drawback 答案 4.两年后，父亲开始创业，但进展不是很顺利。 Two years later，Dad started his own business，
(2015·陕西) 5.她和她的研究小组想知道互联网是如何改变记忆的。 She and her research team wanted to know
.(2015·安徽) which wasn’t doing so well . how the Internet is changing memory 答案 1.据说恐龙曾经是地球的主人。 2.恐龙在地球上存活了好多年。 3.他们生下小恐龙，温暖的气候使他们迅速繁殖。 4.不幸的是，他们未能制止自己的消失。 5.此后人类就开始统治这个地球。 提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用It was said that...，prevent...from...等结构。 写作素材 (关于恐龙) 微写作 连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
It was said that dinosaurs were once the masters of the earth.They existed on the earth for a long time.They gave birth to young babies and the warm climate helped them multiply quickly.Unfortunately，they couldn’t prevent themselves from disappearing and then it was the turn of the humans to control the earth. 答案 返回
exist vi.存在；在于 2. (1)exist in存在于……之中 exist on靠……为生 There exists/existed...某地有……；存在…… (2)existence n.存在；生存 come into existence产生；成立；开始存在 in existence存在 (3)existing adj.目前的，现存的 (1)The custom of arranged marriages still exists in many countries. 许多国家仍然存在着包办婚姻的习俗。 (2)They can’t exist on the money he’s earning. 他们靠他挣的那点钱无法维持生活。 (3)Nowadays，there are still many people wondering when the earth came into existence. 现在仍有许多人想知道，地球是何时产生的。 多维训练 (1)单句语法填空 ①
exists a good way to solve the
(exist) problem in geography. ②This is the oldest Hebrew manuscript in
(exist). (2)单句改错 It existed different opinions on this question.
There existing existence It→There 答案
puzzle vt.& vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难；n.谜；难题 3. (1)puzzle over/about苦思冥想；绞尽脑汁 (2)be in a puzzle (about) (对……)不知如何是好 (3)puzzling adj.令人迷惑的 (4)puzzled adj.困惑的；感到迷惑的 be puzzled about对……迷惑不解 (1)These scientists have been puzzling about how to solve the environmental problem. 这些科学家一直苦思如何解决这个环境问题。 (2)I’m in a puzzle as to what to do next. 对于下一步该做什么我不知道。 (1)单句语法填空 ①Their reason for doing it is still
puzzle to me. ②He had a
(puzzle) look on his face. ③His last paintings are perhaps the most
，which even
all the artists.(puzzle) (2)一句多译 消防员对这场火灾的起因困惑不解。 ①
(puzzle n.) ②
(puzzled adj.) 多维训练 a puzzled puzzling puzzle The firemen were in a puzzle about the cause of the fire. The firemen were puzzled about the cause of the fire. 答案
in time及时；终于(eventually)；迟早；合拍 4. 应试指导 (1)in time的高级词汇为early or late，sooner or later(迟早)；(2)at no time位于句首倒装 on time准时；按时 in no time立即，马上 at no time决不 at a time一次 at one time曾经；一度 (1)Brian usually gets home in time to bath the children. 布赖恩通常会及时赶回家给孩子们洗澡。 (2)If you can’t arrive there on time，you should warn them. 如果你不能按时到达，应该预先通知他们。 (3)We’ll do up your car in no time at all. 我们很快就能把你的汽车修好。 (1)写出下列句子中in time的汉语意思 ①Andy knew he could not reach the house in time.
②You’ll succeed in time because you are always working hard. ③The marchers kept in time with the band.
(2)用time的相关短语填空 ①
did I feel they were being unreasonable. ②I want to be home
for tea. ③You’d better do one thing
，so that you can concentrate on it. ④
，that kind of thing would have made me really angry. 多维训练 及时 迟早 合拍 At no time in time at a time At one time 答案
cheer up感到高兴；感到振奋 5. 应试指导 交际用语中的用法 (1)cheer sb.up使某人高兴 cheer...on为……加油 (2)cheerful adj.高兴的；快乐的 (3)Cheers！干杯！ (1)Cheer up！You’re bound to succeed. 打起精神来！你一定会成功的。 (2)Paddy was always cheerful and jolly. 帕迪总是很高兴，很开心。 (3)Cheers！With our coffee cups for our future! 以咖啡代酒，为我们的未来干杯吧！ (1)给玛丽打个电话，她需要人安慰。 Give Mary a call；she needs
. (2)当我感到忧伤时，我的母亲就给我讲有趣的故事让我高兴起来。 When I’m feeling sad，my mother tells me funny stories
. (3)我们所做的一切都是为了给我们队加油。 What we had done was
. 多维训练 cheering up to cheer me up to cheer our team on 答案
lay v.放置；搁；下(蛋)；产(卵) 6. 词义辨析 动词原形 意义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 lie 说谎 lied lied lying lie 躺；卧；位于 lay lain lying lay 放置；产卵 laid laid laying 用lay，lie的正确形式填空 (1)The boy
that the white hen
a black egg and that he
it in the box which
under this bed. (2)Mothers routinely
babies on their backs to sleep. lied had laid 多维训练 had laid was lying lay 答案
pull n.& vt.拉(力)；牵引(力) 7. 多维训练 pull in (1)The train from London will
at noon. (2)The cinema she used to visit had been
. (3)The driver
at the traffic lights. (4)He is still quite sick，but the doctor is sure he will
. (5)I
my running shoes and stepped into the street. pulled down pulled up pull through pulled on 答案
prevent...from...阻止；抑制；制止 8. 多维训练 (1)单句语法填空 ①Nothing would prevent him from
(speak) out against injustice. ②The laws protect everyone here from
(attack). (2)单句改错 ①He was prevented by illness coming to our birthday party. ②To keep warm，he kept the fire from burning all the night.
speaking being attacked illness后加from 去掉from 答案
They were in time to produce carbon dioxide，nitrogen，water vapour and other gases，which were to make the earth’s atmosphere.,最终产生了二氧化碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。 9. be to do有五层意义： (1)表示预定，意为“预定”，相当于be going to do。 (2)表示义务，意为“应该”，相当于should。 (3)表示可能，意为“会做”，相当于can/could。 (4)表示命运，意为“注定”(通常用于过去时，描述过去的事实)。 (5)用于if...were to do，引导对将来的虚拟语气。 句型公式：be to do (1)He is to return from Germany tomorrow. 他明天将从德国回来。 (2)You are to be back by 9 o’clock. 你要在9点以前回家。 多维训练 (1)完成句子 ①你什么时候回家？ When
home? ②她将于下个月结婚。 She
next month. ③你应该报警。 You
to the police. are you to leave for is to be married are to report 答案 (2)单句改错 If he was to play every game，maybe he could be one of the best players in the world.
was→were 答案
...I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.……我发觉我被送出很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。 10. 倍数的表达方式： (1)倍数＋as...as... (2)倍数＋比较级＋than (3)倍数＋the size/height/length/width...＋of... (4)倍数＋what从句 (5)倍数＋that of... 句型公式：倍数表达法 (1)The plane flew ten times as high as the kite. 那架飞机的飞行高度是那只风筝的十倍。 (2)Beijing is ten times the size of my hometown. 北京是我家乡的十倍大。 (3)In our county now the grain output is six times that of before liberation. 现在我们县的粮食产量相当于解放前的六倍。 多维训练 (1)同义句改写 The red ruler is three times as long as the yellow one. ①
(用“倍数＋比较级”改写) ②
(用“倍数＋the＋n.＋of...”改写) (2)It’s said that the power plant is now
(以前的两倍大). The red ruler is twice longer than the yellow one. The red ruler is three times the length of the yellow one. twice as large as what it was 答案
“Oh dear，” I cried，“walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.”“天啊，”我大声地说，“既然重力改变了，行走的确需要一些练习。” 11. now that既然，由于，是连词词组，引导原因状语从句，表示明显的原因或既成的事实。口语中that常可省略。,其他表示原因的连词或介词短语： (1)because因为(语气较重，常用于回答why的疑问) (2)since因为；既然(可与now that互换) 句型公式：now that引导原因状语从句 (3)as因为(语气较弱) (4)for因为(并列连词，引导一个分句，不能置于句首，表示进一步补充说明) (5)due to，because of，on account of，owing to，thanks to，as a result of等 (1)Now that the children have known the result，we can tell everyone else. 既然孩子们已经知道结果了，我们就可以告诉其他人了。 (2)Since we’ve no money we can’t buy a new car. 因为我们没钱，没法买新汽车。 多维训练 (1)单句语法填空 ①
you’re here，why not have a drink? ②
it is late，I shall go home now. ③The school was moved out of downtown
the number of students had grown too large. ④It must have rained last night，
the ground is wet. (2)单句改错 He was angry because what he said.
Since Since as for because后加of 答案 返回 在高考语境中提升解题技能 语境填词 1.Many wastes produced in the producing process are
(有害的) as well.(2015·江苏) 2.The debate between science and
(宗教) continues to be heated.(2017·陕西) 3.When we were in the middle of the lake，a strong wind came all of a sudden.The boat was hit
(猛烈地).(2011·重庆) harmful religion violently 答案 4.This hidden
(系统) works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons(神经元) in our brains.(2017·辽宁) 5.Some experts think reading is the
(基本的) skill upon which school education depends.(2015·安徽) system fundamental 答案 单句语法填空 1.If we had taken the other road，we might
(arrive) here in time for the meeting.(2010·陕西) 2.This morning，when I was walking on the street，I saw that two travelers were reading a map，looking
(puzzle).(2017·北京) 3.True creativity is the ability to take something
(exist) and create something new from it.(2017·新课标全国Ⅰ) 4.China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from
(attack) in the South China Sea.(2017·福建) have arrived puzzled existing being attacked 答案 5.One night，when I was eight，my mother
(gentle) asked me a question I would never forget.(2017·天津) 6.If they win the final tonight，the team are going to tour around the city
(cheer) by their enthusiastic supporters.(2011·浙江) 7.Before a problem can be solved，
must be obvious what the problem itself is.(2011·湖南) 8.The villagers have already known
we’ll do is to rebuild the bridge.(2011·江西) gently to be cheered it what 答案 Book 3
Unit 4 话题晨背
积累写作素材 自主排查
夯实基础知识 边讲边练
突破核心考点 在高考语境中提升解题技能 话题词汇 话题晨背
积累写作素材 1.universe n.宇宙
2.space n.太空 3.spaceship/spacecraft n.宇宙飞船 4.astronaut n.宇航员 5.orbit n.轨道 6.star n.恒星 7.have a great effect on对……有很大影响 8.make a great difference起很大作用；产生很大影响 9.change one’s life改变某人的生活 10.benefit from得益于，从……获益 经典语篇 BEIJING，June 20 (www.qiewo.com)—About 330 primary and middle school students at a Beijing high school are eagerly waiting for their teacher to begin a class from the space on Thursday morning. The special lecture will begin in a few minutes，given by female astronaut Wang Yaping，one of the three crew members of Shenzhou10 spacecraft，through a live video feed system. The students are gathering at the High School Affiliated to Renmin University in Beijing.Before the class，they first watched a short film about the life of Chinese astronauts on board of Tiangong1 orbiter，which docked with Shenzhou10 on June 13. More than 60 million students and teachers at about 80,000 middle schools across the country will also watch the live broadcast of the class on TV. Wang will teach about motion in a microgravity environment，the surface tension of liquid，and help students understand the concepts of weight and mass and Newton’s Laws. 写作内容 1.请用约30个词概括上面的文章。 2.结合该篇报道，用约120个词发表你对“探索太空”的看法，包括如下要点： (1)人类在不断地探索太空； (2)探索太空的不同观点； (3)我的观点。 写作要求 1.可以使用实例或其他论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子； 2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。 佳作欣赏 This report tells us that more than 60 million students and teachers will attend a special live lecture about physics，which will be given by Wang Yaping，the female astronaut in Tiangong1，out of the space.① As we all know，since the first landing on the moon，men have never lost their enthusiasm for outer space exploration.②Billions of funds have been spent，quite some lives have been sacrificed，and meanwhile secrets of the universe have been gradually discovered. However，people’s views on outer space exploration are greatly different.On the one hand，some people think it is meaningless to allocate large budget to study such issues as whether there are other intelligent beings in outer space.③On the other hand，others argue that it is worthwhile to invest time and money into the scientific research of outer space because it can help us understand the universe better. Personally，it is necessary to continue exploring outer space because what we learn in outer space can influence the future of the earth.The more we know about the universe，the better we can understand our position as human beings in this planet where we live and thus live harmoniously with nature.④ 思维发散 1.用分词形式作定语改写第①句
2.用it作形式主语改写第②句
This report tells us that more than 60 million students and teachers will attend a special live lecture about physics，given by Wang Yaping，the female astronaut in Tiangong1，out of the space. It is well known that since the first landing on the moon，men have never lost their enthusiasm for outer space exploration. 答案 3.用it作形式宾语改写第③句
4.仿照第④句完成句子 学生用于做作业的时间越多，获取知识的效率就越低。
hours students spend doing homework，
effective they will be in gaining knowledge. On the one hand，some people think it meaningless to allocate large budget to study such issues as whether there are other intelligent beings
in outer space. The more the less 答案 返回 自主排查
夯实基础知识 A.写作单词 1.
(n.)
系统；体系；制度 2.
(n.)
学说；理论 3.
(vi.)
生存；存在 4.
(prep.)
与……不同；不像 5.
(adj.)
温和的；文雅的 system theory exist unlike gentle 答案 重点单词 6.
(n.)
气候 7.
(n.& vt.)
拉(力)；拖；牵引力 8.
(vt.& vi.) (使)迷惑；(使)为难
(n.)
谜；难题 9.
(adj.)
猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的
(n.)
暴力 10.
(adj.) 有害的
(n.& vt.)
伤害，损害 climate pull puzzle violent violence harmful harm 答案 B.阅读单词 11.astronomy (n.)
12.atmosphere (n.)
13.fundamental (adj.)
14.multiply (vi.& vt.)
15.thus (adv.)
16.atom (n.)
17.billion (n.& pron.& adj.)
18.globe (n.)
19.carbon (n.)
天文学 大气层；气氛 基本的；基础的 乘；增加 因此；于是 原子 万亿；十亿 球体；地球仪；地球 碳 答案 20.chain (n.)
21.oxygen (n.)
22.gravity (n.)
23.satellite (n.)
24.crash (vi.& vt.)
25.spaceship (n.)
26.exhaust (vt.)
27.float (vt.& vi.)
(n.)
链子；连锁；锁链 氧 万有引力；重力 卫星；人造卫星 碰撞；坠落 宇宙飞船 用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽 (使)浮动；(使)漂浮 漂浮物 答案 28.religion (n.)
religious (adj.)
29.biology (n.)
biologist (n.)
30.physicist (n.)
physics (n.)
31.extinct (adj.)
extinction (n.)
宗教；宗教信仰 宗教的 生物学 生物学家 物理学家 物理学 灭绝的；绝种的 灭绝 答案 1.
太阳系 2.
及时；终于 3.
产生；分娩 4.
轮到某人 5.
阻止；制止 6.
挡住(光线) 7.
感到高兴；感到振奋 8.
既然 9.
熟悉；掌握；理解 10.
突发；爆发 11.
密切注意；当心；提防 solar system
in time give birth to in one’s turn prevent...from block out cheer up now that get the hang of break out watch out for 答案 重点短语 1.
was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe. 随后它会变成什么没有人知道，直到45～38亿年前，这团尘埃才慢慢地形成一个固体的球状物。 2.This produces a chain reaction，
for life to develop. 这产生了连锁反应，使得生命的发展成为可能。 What it was to become which made it possible 答案 经典句式 3.But when I tried to step forward，I found I was carried
and fell over. 但是当我试着向前迈步时，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，并且摔倒在地。 4....walking
a bit of practice
. ……既然重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。 twice as far as on the earth does need now that gravity has changed 答案 The earth was just 1.
cloud of dust after the “Big Bang”.The earth exploded loudly 2.
fire and rock.They were in time to produce many things，which were to make the earth’s atmosphere.As the earth cooled down，water began to appear on 3.
surface.It allowed the earth to dissolve 4.
(harm) gases.Then life began to develop. Small plants multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen.This encouraged the 5.
(develop) of early shellfish and fish.Land animals such 6.
insects，reptiles and dinosaurs appeared after green plants appeared. a with its harmful development as 答案 课文语法填空 Small clever animals spread all 7.
the earth.They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere,8.
prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.9.
life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can
10.
(solve). over which Whether be solved 答案 返回 边讲边练
突破核心考点
harmful adj.有害的；造成损害的 1. (1)be harmful to对……有害 (2)harm n.& vt.伤害；损害 do sb.harm＝do harm to sb.伤害某人；对某人有害 There is no harm in doing...做……没有害处。 (1)The drought was harmful to the crops. 这场干旱对农作物有危害。 (2)Fruit juice can do harm to children’s teeth. 果汁可能会损害儿童的牙齿。 多维训练 (1)单句语法填空 ①Don’t believe him.No harm
(do) to him ever since. ②As secondhand smoking is more
(harm) and dangerous，people want a total ban against smoking in public. ③They don’t usually employ untrained workers，but there’s no harm in
(try) your fortune. has been done harmful trying 答案 (2)一句多译 如果使用不当，这种药物会对你造成伤害。 ①
(harm n.) ②
(harmful) (3)单句改错 ①His film was a complete failure，and this did his reputation a lot of harms.
②It is more harm than good.
If used improperly，the medicine will do/cause harm to you/do you harm. If used improperly，the medicine will be harmful to you. harms→harm is→does/harm→harmful 答案