③A smile can help us ________ ________ ________ ________ (渡过困境) and find friends in a world of strangers. ④Most often we wonder why life would let us ________ ________(经受) so many hardships. 答案：①get through ②Failing to get through his phone ③get through difficult situations ④go through 2．call up 给……打电话；使……回忆起 归纳拓展 call back 回电话 call on 拜访；号召 call at 拜访 call for 需要 call off 取消 call in 召集；找来 Follow it up, explore all around it ... and you will have something worth thinking about ... 跟随它，在它的周围探索……你将有值得考虑的东西…… 该句使用了“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”结构，表示“条件与结果”的逻辑关系。 归纳拓展 “祈使句＋and＋陈述句”结构中，祈使句相当于一个条件状语从句，陈述句则表示结果，谓语动词用一般将来时。 该结构中祈使句有时可用名词词组表示，连词可用or表示“否定的条件与结果”。 答案：①Work hard and you will succeed in the examination. ②Hurry up or you will miss the first bus. ③One more week, and we'll accomplish the task. 基础知识巩固 4．(2017·四川改编)Read this story, ________ you will realize that not everything can be bought with money. 5．As I grew up in a small town at the foot of the mountain, the visit to the village called ________scenes of my childhood. 6．We have to be ________(practice). There is no point in looking at a house we can't afford to buy. 7．What shocked the police and the people around most was that the kidnapper suddenly dived ________ his pocket and took out a gun in a desperate attempt to escape with the kidnapped child. 8．I rang you several times yesterday, but couldn't get ________. 9．In order to lose weight, the young lady prefers to work ________ regularly rather than take expensive weightlosing pills. 10．Until the start of the Industrial Revolution, mankind was poor, hungry, and constantly ________ the mercy of disease and natural disasters. 答案：1.and 2.through 3.about 4.and 5.up 6.practical 7．into 8.through 9.out 10.at 4．In an abrupt accident, he had to ________ ________ ________(承担责任) to take care of his retired grandfather. 5．As soon as he arrived at ________ ________ ________(专利局), he ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(开始努力工作) and obtained his workmates' recognition. 6．很显然，只有学会抓住机遇，我们才能获得成功。 Apparently, ________ when we learn to ________ ________ ________， ________ ________ achieve success. 7．直到发明了电话才让来自不同地方的人们彼此交流更方便。 ________ ________ ________ ________ the invention of the telephone ________ made people from different places communicate with each other more conveniently. 8．他是一个如此充满活力的人，每天都一心投入到工作中，从未感到消极。 ________ dynamic a person was he ________ he ________ ________ his work every day and never felt passive. 9．据证明，肺癌与吸烟有关。 ________ ________ ________ ________ lung cancer ________ ________ ________ cigarette smoking. 10．每次我感到沮丧的时候，我最好的朋友小李都会安慰我。 ________ ________ I felt cast down, my best friend Xiao Li would comfort me. 答案：1.call up 2.apply for his patent 3.would be out of order now and then 4.bear the responsibility 5.the Patent office; set out to work hard 6.only; seize the chance; can we 7.It was not until; that 8.So; that; dived into 9.It is proved that; is associated with 10.Every time 5．Someone called me on at midnight, only to find he dialled the wrong number.__________________ 6．Hang on the strap; the bus is about to start.__________________ 7．I don't think I'll need any money but I'll bring some for case.__________________ 8．You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of the shape.__________________ 9．Everyone has periods in their lives that everything seems very hard.__________________ 10．Every time when I call on him, he is out. __________________ 答案：1.about→from 2.my→the 3.去掉truth前的the 4.out→about或→shooting→to shoot 5.on→up 6.on后加上to 7.for→in 8.去掉the 9.that→when 10.去掉when 4．正是老师的话鼓舞我专心实验。并且老师的建议很实用。 5．我继续小心谨慎地做实验。最终我成功地完成了实验。我感到很高兴。 6．我非常感谢王老师。我将继续努力，不辜负老师的期望。 ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 答案： I was doing an experiment when Li Hua called me up telling me he wouldn't come on time because of the traffic jam. After ringing off, I set about working. Abruptly, the experiment was out of order. I felt passive. Just at that time, Mr. Wang came in. He tapped me on the forehead, reminding me to bear failure. Meanwhile, he suggested that I should associate the experiment with what I had learned in class. It was his words that encouraged me to dive into the experiment. Besides, his suggestion was practical. I did it with caution. Finally, I got through with it successfully. I was merry. I was grateful to Mr.Wang. I'm determined to study hard to live up to his expectation. Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 选修八 第一部分 基础知识聚焦 考点探究演练 2 基础知识巩固 3 基础知识晨记 1 基础知识晨记 Ⅰ.单词速记 A．快速识记 1．________ vt.拨(电话) 2．________ n．版本；译本 3．________ vt.抓住；捉住；夺 4．________ n．专利权；专利证书 5．________ v．轻拍；轻敲 n．敲击(声)；水龙头 6．________ n．文件；档案；文件夹 vt.提交；将……归档 7．________ n．标准；尺度→(复数形式)________ dial version seize patent tap file
criterion
criteria 8．________ adj.有效的；确凿的→________ n．有效期；有效性 9．________ adj.愉快的；高兴的→________ adv.高兴地；愉快地 10．________ n．扩大；延伸；延期→________ vt.延伸；延期；扩大 11．________ adj.实际的；实践的；实用的→________ n．实践；练习 12．__________ n．能力；胜任；本领→_________ adj.有能力的；能胜任的 valid validity merry merrily extension extend practical practice competence competent 13．____________ n．鉴定；辨认；身份证明→________ vt.辨认；识别；鉴定 14．________ adj.突然的；意外的；唐突的→________ adv.唐突地；突然地 15．________ adj.无锈的；不锈的；无污点的→________ n．污点；瑕疵；锈 16．________ adj.冰冻的；严寒的→________ v．使……冻住/结冰；冻结 17．________ adj.清白的；无罪的；天真的→________ n．清白；无辜；天真无邪 identification identify abrupt abruptly stainless stain freezing freeze innocent innocence 18．________ vt.显示……的差别；辨别；使不同→___________ adj.著名的；卓著的；杰出的 19．________ vt.忍受；忍耐；负担→________ adj.可忍受的；支持得住的→(反义词)___________ adj.难以忍受的 20．__________ n．期望；期待；预料→_______ vt.期望；指望→________ adj.预期的；意料之中的→(反义词)___________ adj.意外的；出乎意料的 distinguish distinguished bear bearable unbearable expectation expect expected unexpected B．归类巧记 含fore前缀的单词面面观 ①forehead n．额头 ②forecast vt.预报 ③foresee vt.预见 ④forward n．前言 ⑤forearm n．前臂 Ⅱ.高频短语 1．给……打电话________________ 2．偶尔；有时____________________________________ __________________________ 3．摆脱；赶走________________ 4．使自己扬名；显摆自己________________ 5．挂断电话________________ 6．把……和……联系起来________________ 7．开始；着手________________ 8．设法联系上；通过；做完________________ 9．把它们引入陷阱________________ call up now and then (＝from time to time/every now and then/once in a while) get rid of distinguish oneself ring off associate ...with ... set about get through attract them into a trap 10．出乎某人的意料________________ 11．一种新方法________________ 12．塞车；交通堵塞________________ 13．生物________________ 14．不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住________________ 15．温顺的蛇________________ 16．回电话________________ 17．开始(做)________________ 18．迅速把手伸入；一心投入________________ 19．不锈钢________________ 20．次序颠倒；发生故障________________ out of one's expectation a new approach traffic jam living creatures hang on the passive snakes ring back set out (to do) dive into stainless steel out of order Ⅲ.佳句填空 1．________(prepare)with some research findings, I ________ ________ three possible approaches. 经过一番研究准备之后，我决定采用三种可能的方法。 2．________(press)by my friends and relations, I decided to send my invention to the Patent Office ________(get) recognition for ________ successful idea. 由于朋友和亲戚的敦促，我决定抓住这次机会把我的发明送到专利局去，请他们对我这次成功的思路给予认可。 3．Only after you have had that recognition ________ you say that you are truly ________ inventor. 只有你得到这种承认，你才可以说你是一个真正的发明家。 4．The criteria are so strict ________ it is difficult to get new ideas accepted ________ they are truly novel. (评定)专利标准是很严格的，除非新的想法真是新颖的，否则很难被接受。 5．Here was a chance for me to ________ ________ by inventing something merciful ________ would catch snakes ________ not harm them. 这回我有机会来表现一下自己了。我要发明某种仁慈的东西，既可以把蛇抓住，又不会伤害它们。 答案：1.Prepared; decided on 2.Pressed; to get; my 3.can; an 4.that; unless 5.distinguish myself; that(先行词是不定代词，只能填that，不能填which); but Ⅳ.语法过关 过去分词 1．Mail or gifts ________(post) by companies to customers is another way of advertising. Hardly anyone is ________ (annoy) at them. 2．The game was so exciting to play that the boy kept his eyes and attention ________(fix) on it, ruining both a lot. 3．You will see the products of Liu Ling alcohol ________(advertise) on every avenue of Baoding City. 4．Five years later, he returned home; his character greatly ________(change)． 5．The knowledge ________(acquire) in one's childhood will make a stronger impression on him than what he learns at any other life stage. 答案：1.posted; annoyed 2.fixed 3.advertised 4.changed 5.acquired Ⅴ.语篇填空 When I called up my mother in the countryside ①________ the telephone she was very upset. “There are some snakes in our courtyard，” she told me. “Snakes come near the house now and then, and ②________ seem to have made their home here, not far from the walnut tree. Can you get rid ③________ them please？” I felt very proud. Here was ④________ chance for me to distinguish ⑤________ by inventing something ⑥________ (mercy) that would catch snakes ⑦________ not harm them, I knew my parents would not like me to hurt these living creatures! The first thing I did was ⑧________(see) if there were any products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders ⑨________(design) to kill snakes. A new approach was clearly needed. I set about researching the habits of snakes to find the ⑩________(easy) way to trap them. 答案：①on ②they ③of ④a ⑤myself ⑥merciful ⑦but ⑧to see ⑨designed ⑩easiest 考点探究演练 1.seize vt. 抓住；夺取 归纳拓展 seize an opportunity/a chance/every minute抓住机会/每一分钟 seize sb. by the arm 抓住某人的胳膊 seize on/upon sth. 抓住……；利用…… seize sth. from sb. 把某物从某人手中抢过去 ③The little boy seized the policeman firmly ________ the arm and begged for mercy. ④He was determined to ________ ________ ________ ________(利用这次机会) to make a good impression on his employer. 答案：①seize every minute ②(should) seize the opportunity ③by ④seize on/upon this opportunity 2．bear vt. 忍耐；经受住；负担 归纳拓展 bear doing sth. 忍受做某事(表示习惯性动作) bear to do sth. 忍受做某事(表示某一次具体的动作) bear sth. in mind 牢记…… bear the responsibility/blame 承担责任/承受责备 ③To be honest, I can't bear ________ ________(keep) waiting. ④Students should ________ ________ ________ ________(牢记) that opportunities are only for the prepared minds. ⑤Schools should ________ ________ ________(承担责任) of training children to be useful men. 答案：①bear more pressure ②nobody could bear to smell ③being kept ④bear it in mind ④bear the responsibility 3．associate vt. 联想；联系 n. 同伴；伙伴 归纳拓展 associate ... with ... 把……和……联系在一起 be associated with ... 与……有关；与……联系在一起 associate with sb. 与某人交往(打交道)
④He complained about his bad luck instead of associating his failure ________ his laziness and passiveness. 答案：①associate China with the Great Wall ②associate with these people ③is associated with the irregular lifestyle ④with 4．distinguish vt. & vi. 区分；辨别；使杰出；使表现突出 归纳拓展 distinguish between ... and ... 把……和……区别开来 distinguish ... from ... 辨别……与……的不同；使……有别于 distinguish oneself 使自己扬名 ③As far as I know, she has already distinguished herself ________ an athlete. 据我所知，作为运动员她已享有盛名。 ④Honestly speaking, I admire your ________(distinguish) achievements. 诚实地说，我真羡慕你卓越的成就。 答案：①between ②from ③as ④distinguished 1.get through 通过；做完；渡过；接通(电话) 归纳拓展 go through 经历；经受；审查；浏览 look through 浏览 glance through 匆匆看一遍 see through 看穿；识破 break through 突破 go through with 完成；做完；把……进行到底