2017届高考英语一轮复习语法专项突破课件：第9讲 名词性从句（牛津译林版）

　　解析：考查同位语从句引导词的选择。句意：——昨天迈克拒绝了耶鲁大学的录取，这是真的吗？——是的，但是我不知道他为什么这样做；那是他最喜欢的大学之一。idea后接同位语从句，表示某个想法的具体内容。根据that’s one of his favorite universities(那是他最喜欢的大学之一)可知，“我”不知道他拒绝耶鲁大学的原因(why)所在，故B项正确。 B

　　五、that和what引导名词性从句 引导词 句法功能 词义 省略情况 that what 不作任何句子成分 无词义 引导宾语从句有时可以省略 可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语 什么，……的事情　 不能省略 1．(2017·高考浙江卷)“Every time you eat a sweet，drink green tea.” This is ________ my mother used to tell me. A．what

　　B．how C．that

　　D．whether A

　　2．(2017·高考山东卷)It’s good to know _____ the dogs will be well cared for while we’re away. A．what

　　B．whose C．which

　　D．that

　　D

　　第九讲　名词性从句 一、主语从句 引 导 词 (1)that引导的从句作主语时，不在从句中充当任何成分，只起连接作用，无任何意义，通常不能省去，且常用it作形式主语。 ①That the college will take in more new students is true.＝It is true that the college will take in more new students. ②It suddenly occurred to him that he had made a serious mistake. 连 接 词 引 导 词 (2)whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首，也可放在句尾，译成“是否”，在从句中不作成分。 ①It doesn’t matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store. ②Everyone in the village is very friendly.It doesn’t matter whether you have lived there for a short or a long time. 连 接 词 引 导 词 who，whom，whose，which，what，whoever，whomever，whichever，whatever等，有词义，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 ①(2017·高考湖北卷)What was so impressive about Jasmine Westland’s victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed.

　　②When the new cinema will be open to the public hasn’t been made clear. 连接代词 引 导 词 when，where，why，how等，有词义，在从句中作状语。 ①Why he came late today has been clear now.

　　②Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 连 接 副 词 it 作 形 式 主 语 的 句 型 归 纳 (1)It＋系动词＋形容词＋that从句 (2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)＋that从句 (3)It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported等)＋that从句 (4)It＋不及物动词(seem，appear，happen，matter)＋that从句 (5)It is necessary/important/ suggested/advised/ordered＋that从句结构中，从句用“(should＋)动词原形”。 ①It is certain that your son will do well in his exam.

　　②It’s no wonder that you’ve achieved so much success. ③It was suggested that they (should) start at once. ④It happened to me that I had been away when he called. ⑤It is necessary that one(should)master the skill of operating computers so as to meet the need of a job. B 2．(2017·高考天津卷)I think ________impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses. A．what

　　B．that

　　C．which

　　D．who

　　A

　　二、宾语从句 引 导 词 连 接 词 (1)that无词义，在从句中不作成分。并且that可以省略。 (2)whether，if意为“是否”，在从句中不作成分。if和whether可互换，后面直接跟or not时用whether不用if；作介词宾语时一般用whether。 ①(2017·高考新课标全国卷Ⅱ)He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone. ②I went in and asked if/whether there was a John living there. ③We don’t know whether or not she was ready. 引 导 词 连接代词 who，whom，whose，which，what，whoever，whomever，whichever，whatever等，有词义，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 ①(2017·高考新课标全国卷Ⅰ)Police have found what appears to be the lost ancient statue. ②She will give whoever needs help a warm support. 连接副词 when，where，why，how等，有词义，在从句中作状语。 I don’t know where we are going to have the meeting. 要 点 归 (1)否定前移：主句的主语是第一人称单数，谓语为think，believe，suppose，expect等时，其后引导的宾语从句中若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。 ①I don’t think I know you.

　　②I don’t suppose he cares,does he? (2)动词find,feel，think，consider，make等后有宾语补足语(形容词或名词)时，需用it作形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置。 I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day. 纳 (3)在find，feel，think，consider，make，believe，guess，suppose等及hate，like，owe...to，take...for granted等表示“喜欢；痛恨；认为”的动词或动词短语和see to(表示“注意，务必”)后有宾语补足语时，需要用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。 I hate it when they talk with their mouths full of food. 1．(2017·高考福建卷)Pick yourself up. Courage is doing ________you’re afraid to do. A．that

　　B．what C．how

　　D．whether 解析：考查宾语从句。句意：振作起来。勇敢就是做你(明知自己)害怕做的事情。分析句子结构可知，动词doing后接的是宾语从句，从句中do后缺的是宾语，需用what引导。 B 2．(2017·高考山东卷)It is difficult for us to imagine________ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.

　　A．where

　　B．what C．which

　　D．why

　　B 三、表语从句 引 导 词 连 接 词 (1)that无词义,在从句中不作成分。 (2)whether(是否)引导表语从句时,只能用whether，而不能用if。 (3)as if/as though意为“好像，仿佛”，引导的表语从句常跟在系动词(如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel，smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况,从句用虚拟语气；若所述的是事实的或是极可能发生的情况,从句用陈述语气。 ①(2017·高考新课标全国卷Ⅰ)The end result is that we feel like we can’t focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things... ②It looks as if it’s going to rain. 引 导 词 连接代词 连接副词 who，whom，whose，which,what,whoever，whomever,whichever，whatever等,有词义，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 (2015·四川巴蜀名校联合测试)Everyone is different and that is what makes our world much better. when，where，why，how等，有词义，在从句中作状语。 (2015·大连双基测试)—When choosing furniture，you only focus on function while I think more about the design.

　　—That’s where we differ. 要 点 归 纳 主句的主语是idea，advice，suggestion，order，request，requirement等名词时，表语从句的谓语用“(should＋)动词原形”。 His suggestion is that we (should)change our plan. 温馨提示　表语从句的三个易混句式 This/That/It is why＋结果 This/That/It is because＋原因 The reason why...is that... 意为“这/那就是……的原因”，why引导的是表语从句。 That is why our teacher recommends another interesting course for us. 意为“这/那是因为……”，because引导表语从句。 (2017·高考安徽卷)From space，the earth looks blue.This is because about seventy­one percent of its surface is covered by water. 意为“……的原因是……”, why引导的定语从句修饰先行词reason,that引导表语从句。 The reason why he didn’t come was that it was raining heavily. 1．(2017·高考四川卷)Grandma pointed to the hospital and said，“That’s________ I was born.” A．when

　　B．how C．why

　　D．where D

　　2．(2017·高考江苏卷)—What a mess! You are always so lazy! —I’m not to blame，mum. I am ________ you have made me. A．how

　　B．what C．that

　　D．who B

　　四、同位语从句 引导词 要 点 归 纳 大多由that引导，也可以由which，what，whether，how，when，where等引导。 ①I had no idea who had stolen the money. ②He must answer the question whether he agrees to the plan or not. (1)同位语从句在句中起同位语的作用，一般放在fact，news,idea，truth，hope，problem，information，belief,thought，doubt,promise,question等名词的后面,对名词作进一步的解释。 Evidence has been found through years of study that children’s early sleeping problems are

　　likely to continue when they grow up. 要 点 归 纳 (2)suggestion，advice，request，order等表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后的同位语从句用虚拟语气，即从句中的谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。 His suggestion that we (should)hold another meeting to discuss the problem was adopted. (3)分隔式同位语从句。有时同位语从句的谓语较短，而从句内容较长，这时为避免“头重脚轻”,常常将谓语提到从句前面,形成分隔式同位语从句。 My wish will come true one day that I should buy a big house for my parents. B