Unit 15 Learning
[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]
1.secure adj. 稳定的；无忧无虑的
2.adapt vt.
(使)适应；改编
3.bury vt.
埋葬
4.alternative adj.
非传统的；另类的
5.outstanding adj.
杰出的，优秀的
6.reputation n.
名誉，名声
7.obey vt.
服从，听从
8.select vt.
挑选
9.lack vt.
缺乏，没有
10.access n.
(使用或见到的)机会，
权利
11.acquire vt.
获得，得到
12.shadow n.
阴影，影子
13.ignore vt.忽视，不顾→ignorance n．无知
14.suspect v．怀疑→suspicious adj.可疑的→suspicion n．怀疑，嫌疑
15.simplify vt.简化→simple adj.简单的，易懂的
16.urge vt.力劝，强烈要求→urgent adj.紧急的
17.instruct vt.教导，指导→instruction n．教育，指导→instructive adj.有益的；有教育意义的
18.reflect vt.反映；反射 vi.思考→reflection n．反射；反省，想法
19.worthwhile adj.值得努力的→worthy adj.值得的→worth adj.值得……的 n．价值
20.defence n．保卫，保护→defend v．防御，保卫
21.assumption n．假定，假设→assume vt.假定，假设
22.inspire v．鼓舞；启发→inspiration n．灵感，鼓舞(激励)人心的人/事→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的
23.beneficial adj.有用的，有益的→benefit v．对……有益，受惠n.利益
24.appreciation n．欣赏→appreciate vt.重视，鉴赏，感激
25.distinguish vt.区别，辨别→distinguished adj.(外表或举止)有尊严的， 高贵的；卓越的，杰出的
26.approve v．赞成；认可；满意→approval n．赞成；认可；满意 用所给词的适当形式填空1.Didn't you notice anything suspicious (suspect) in his behaviour？
2.Her ignorance (ignore) of the area put her at a decided disadvantage.
3.They are busy building defence (defend) works to protect their country.
4.I think grey hair makes you look very distinguished (distinguish)．
5.It is worthwhile to travel to Beijing, because many places of interest are well worth visiting. The Great Wall is particularly worthy of being visited.(worth)
6.When asked where the inspiration of her novel came from, she said her father's inspiring words inspired her to write it.(inspire)
7.Everyone knows the benefit of learning English and if you work hard, it will be beneficial to your future career.It is reported that many graduates have benefited from having a good command of English.(beneficial)
8.The teacher instructed that all the students should attend the instructive lecture, for the professor's instruction would be of great help to our study.(instruct)
9.She sat reflecting on how material reflects light.(reflect)
10.The principal urged the teachers should attend the urgent meeting at once.(urge)
11.They appreciated our help for that but this appreciation seemed not to be enough. (appreciation)
12.The maths problem is not simple but we can simplify it with this method.(simple)
13.They assumed that there would be a substitute for the earth but the assumption seemed impossible.(assume) 1.各种“选择”
①elect vt. 选举；选择
②select vt.
挑选；选拔
③pick v.
挑选；采摘
④choose v.
选择
2.“学习过程”词汇集锦
①attend vt.
参加；上学
②concentrate vi.
集中(精力)
③review vi.
复习功课
④acquire vt.
获得；得到
⑤absorb vt.
吸收；理解
⑥grasp vt.
理解；领会
n.
掌握
⑦master vt.
精通；掌握
⑧command n.
掌握
3.盘点tion结尾名词
①invention
发明
②translation
翻译
③operation
手术；操作
④selection
选择；挑选
⑤preparation
准备
⑥reputation
名声，名誉
⑦condition
情况，条件
⑧inspiration
灵感
4.“信”“不信”由你
①belief n.
相信；信任
②faith n.
信任；信念
③convince v.
使确信
④suspect vt.
怀疑；猜想
n.
犯罪嫌疑人
⑤reliable adj.
可靠的
⑥unbelievable adj.
不可相信的
5.“优秀的”形容词家族
①outstanding
杰出的
②excellent
优秀的
③splendid
极好的
④firstclass
头等的
6.聚焦app开头单词
①appreciation n.
欣赏
②apparent adj.
显而易见的
③appeal v.
上诉，申诉
④appear v.
显得；看来
⑤apply v.
申请；应用
⑥appoint v.
任命；委任
[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]
1.lay_off 裁员；解雇
2.aside_from
除……之外
3.set_off
使爆炸；引发
4.be_accustomed_to
习惯于
5.approve_of
赞成，赞许
6.as_a_whole
总的来说
7.switch_off
关闭
8.to_a_certain_extent
在某种程度上
9.tend_to
往往会，倾向于
10.frankly_speaking
坦白地说，老实说
11.go_up
上涨，上升
12.go_blank
发呆，默然
13.put_forward
提出
14.in_conclusion
最后，总之
15.to_start_with
首先，第一 选用左栏短语填空1.In_conclusion,_we would like to thank all those who have worked so hard to bring about this result.
2.Don't worry; you'll soon be_accustomed_to living in the countryside.
3.A series of policies have been put_forward to support hightech key industries at different aspects.
4.My brain went_blank when I came across a difficult question during the exam.
5.Be sure to switch_off the light when you leave the office.
6.I approved_of your using my car, but you must return it on time. 1.“go＋adj.”短语集锦
①go mad/crazy发疯
go hungry
挨饿
go wrong
出问题
go bad
变坏；变质
go blind
失明
go blank
发呆，默然
2.“说”也不同
relatively speaking
相对而言
honestly speaking
诚实地说
generally speaking
一般来说
roughly speaking
粗略地说
strictly speaking
严格地说
frankly speaking
坦白地说，
老实说
[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用]
1.In the past, if someone like me had failed to get into university through the college exam, he would have had no chance of getting a degree.
在过去，如果像我这样未能通过大学考试上大学，那么他就没有机会获得学位了。 if 引导的虚拟条件句。 如果我们不作充分的准备，会议是不会开得这么成功的。If we hadn't_made adequate preparations, the conference wouldn't_have_been so successful.
2.Now I'm about to graduate from the School of Continuing Education at Qinghua University with a Bachelor's Degree in Computer Engineering by distance learning.
如今通过远程教育我就要从清华大学继续教育学院毕业了，并会获得该院计算机工程学的学士学位。 be about to do ...“正要做……”。 一天，我正要去买东西时，他打电话找我。One day, I was_about_to_do_some_shopping when he telephoned me.
3.I decided that it was time I became an Internet user.
我觉得该是我成为因特网用户的时候了。 It is/was time (that) ...“是……的时候了” 。 该是你反省思过的时候了。It is time that you should_reflect/reflected_upon your mistakes.
4.So many people think that after you retire, all you can do is switch off your brain and bury everything you've ever learnt.
许多人认为一旦退休，你所能做的事就是把大脑关闭，把你曾经所学的东西埋掉。 不带to的动词不定式作表语。 在我看来，我们所能做的一切就是耐心等待。As far as I'm concerned, all we can do is just_wait_patiently.
5.Sometimes I wish I could phone him and ask for his opinion！
有时我真希望能给他打个电话问问他的意见！ wish后的从句常用虚拟语气。 她真希望她当时没有浪费那么多的时间。She wished she hadn't_wasted so much time at that time.
1．suspect v．怀疑；猜疑(通常不用于进行时) n．[C]嫌疑犯，可疑分子
[教材原句] I suspect that they laid me off because the company was not doing that well but it still brought a lump to my throat and made me want to cry.
我怀疑他们裁掉我是因为公司经营得不是很好，但这仍然使我喉咙哽咽，并且想哭。(1)suspect sb./sth. to be ＋ n．/adj.
猜想某人/某物为……
suspect sb. of (doing) sth.
怀疑某人(做过)某事
(2)suspicious
adj.怀疑的
be/become
suspicious of/about sth.
对某事怀疑
They were/became suspicious (suspect) of/about his behaviour and contacted the police.
他们觉得他行为可疑，便报了警。
The boss suspected_him_of_taking the computer away from the company.
老板怀疑他从公司拿走了电脑。
2．instruct vt.指导，教导；指示，命令；告知，通知
[高考佳句] A computer can only do what you have instructed it to do.(2015·重庆高考单选)
一台计算机只能做你已指示它做的事情。
(1)instruct sb. to do ... 命令某人做……
instruct sb. in sth.
教授/传授某人某事
instruct that sb. (should) do sth.
命令某人做某事
(2)instruction n.
[C]用法说明；操作指南；
指示；命令；[U]教授
follow the instructions
遵照说明
carry out one's instructions
执行某人的命令
(3)instructive adj.有益的，有教育意义的；指导性的
When we talk to it, it will carry_out_our_instructions.(2017·湖南高考书面表达)
当我们和它交谈时，它会执行我们的命令。
Mum instructed me to deliver the box of sweets to my grandma.
＝Mum instructed that I (should)_deliver the box of sweets to my grandma.
妈妈吩咐我把这盒糖果寄给我外婆。
He likes to speak to others in an instructive (instruct) tone.
他跟别人说话总喜欢带一种教训人的语气。
[熟词生义] 读句子猜含义
My secretary will instruct you whether to come today or tomorrow.通知
3．distinguish vt.区别，辨别；使具有某种特征
[教材原句] If the room hadn't been dark, he would have distinguished the two pictures.
如果房间不是太暗的话，他就会辨认出那两张照片了。
(1)distinguish ... from ... 将……与……区别开
distinguish between ... and ...
区分……和……
distinguish oneself by ...
因……而扬名
(2)distinguished adj.
卓越的；著名的
be distinguished for
因……而出名
The twins are so alike; it's difficult to distinguish_one_from_the_other.
这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分辨谁是谁。
The Town Hall completed in the 1880's was the most distinguished (distinguish)
building at that time.
竣工于19世纪80年代的市政大厅是当时最宏伟的建筑。
Mo Yan is_distinguished_for his good knowledge of literature.
莫言因其文学知识丰富而出名。
4．lack vt.缺乏，没有n.缺乏，不足；短缺的东西
[高考佳句] They lack physical exercise and the skill to communicate face to face with their friends or parents. (2017·重庆高考写作)
他们缺乏体育锻炼和面对面地与朋友或父母进行沟通的技巧。
(1)lack sth. 缺乏/少某物(没有被动语态)
lack for nothing
没有欠缺
(2)(a) lack of ...
缺乏……
for/through
lack of
因缺乏……
(3)lacking adj.
缺少的，不足的(不置于名词前)
be lacking in sth.
缺少某物
More and more highrise buildings have been built in big cities for_lack_of_space.
因缺乏空间，大城市里已经建起了越来越多的高楼大厦。
Because she was_lacking_in_training,_she was afraid of making an exhibition of herself.
因缺乏训练，她担心自己会出洋相。
I'll see that you lack for nothing while you attend college.
你上大学时我会保证你的一切需要的。
5．access n．接近或进入之路；(使用或见到的)机会，权利
[高考佳句] We can get access to various information we need through the screen.(2017·湖南高考书面表达)
通过屏幕我们可以获得我们所需要的各种信息。
(1)access to进入……；与……会面
gain/obtain/get/have access to
有权进入……，有权使用……
give access to
接见；准许进入
(2)accessible adj.
易到达的，易接近的
be accessible to对……而言容易接近的；容易进入的
The old man tells me that the only access_to_the_village is by boat.
那位老人告诉我到那个村子去的唯一方法是乘船。
As her private secretary he gains/obtains/gets/has_access_to all her correspondence.
作为她的私人秘书，他能接触到她所有的信件。
Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible (access) to children.
药品不应放在孩子们拿得到的地方。
6．worthwhile adj.值得努力的
[高考佳句] Now that you are interested in traditional Chinese cultures, I thought this festival would be a worthwhile experience for you.(2015·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)
既然你对中国传统文化感兴趣，我认为这个节日对你来说是一次有价值的经历。
It is not worthwhile to discuss/discussing the question again and again.
＝The question is not worthy of_being_discussed/to_be_discussed_ again and again.
这个问题不值得一次又一次地讨论。
[辨析比较] worthwhile, worth, worthy
试一试 选择以上词语填空
What has just happened is well ①worth focusing on. It is also ②worthy of being thought about by everyone present. Is it ③worthwhile to spend so much money on a wedding？We don't think it is ④worth it at all.
辨一辨
worthwhile 表示花时间做某事是“值得的”，作表语、补语或定语
worth (1)接价值数量词，意为“值……”，结构为sth.be worth＋价值
(2)表示“值得”，后接名词、代词或动名词，结构为sth.be worth sth./it/doing；接动名词时，doing和sth.构成动宾关系，意为“某事值得做”，不接不定式，不用被动式
(3)表示“很值得”时，在worth前加well
worthy 表示“值得的”，其结构主要有：
(1)sth.be worthy of sth.
(2)sth.be worthy of being done
(3)sth.be worthy to be done
7．acquire vt.获得，得到，取得
[高考佳句] Meanwhile, they exchange ideas and feelings with each other, through which they probably acquire more knowledge.(2015·重庆高考写作)
与此同时，他们彼此交流思想和感情，这样他们可能获得更多的知识。
(1)acquire a knowledge of ...学会……
acquire a habit of ...
养成……的习惯
acquire a taste for ...
开始喜欢上……
(2)acquisition n.
获得；取得；获得物
While studying abroad, the young man acquired_a_taste_for western art.
在国外学习期间，这个年轻人开始喜欢上西方艺术。
Next to acquiring
good friends, the best acquisition is that of good books.(acquire)
除了获得好友之外，最有意义的获得物就是获得好书。
We want people to acquire_the_habit_of using public transport instead of their cars.
我们希望人们养成使用公共交通工具而不是私家车的习惯。
8．approve v．赞成；认可；满意
[高考佳句] People complain that decisions to approve or deny a permit are often arbitrary rather than based on fixed criteria.(2017·湖北高考多选)
人们抱怨道：批准或是否定一个许可证的决定通常是随意的而不是依据固定的标准。
(1)approve of赞成，赞许
approve of sb. doing sth.
同意某人做某事
approve of (one's) doing ...
赞同/支持(某人)做……
approve (doing) sth.
批准(做)某事
(2)approval n.
同意；批准
She would never do anything that was not approved_of by her parents.
她从来不会做父母不赞成的事情。
Such a move met with the warm approval (approve) of all developing countries.
这一行动得到了所有发展中国家的热烈赞同。
[名师指津] approve作“批准”讲时，常用作及物动词；作“赞成”讲时，用作不及物动词，与of搭配，即approve of。
9．urge vt.力劝；催促；强烈要求n.强烈的欲望，冲动
[教材原句] At first, people approved of his studies and urged him to continue, but later when he proved Aristotle wrong, they grew angry and put him in prison.
起初，人们赞同他的研究并力劝他继续进行，但是后来当他证实亚里士多德是错误的时候，他们就生气了，把他关进了监狱。
强烈要求某人做某事
urge sth.on/upon sb.
向某人强调某事
urge that sb.(should) do sth.
极力主张某人做某事
(2)have an urge to do sth.
有做某事的强烈欲望
(3)urgent
adj.
紧急的，紧迫的
urgency
n.
紧急的事
I urged him to_write
(write)
a novel about the life we lived together in the country.
我力劝他写一部小说，描述我们一起在农村度过的生活。
He urged that the library (should)_be_open_to_the_students during the vacation.
他极力主张在假期期间应向学生开放图书馆。
10．assume vt.假定，假设；认为
[经典例句] It is reasonable to assume that the economy will continue to improve.(牛津P104)
认为经济将持续好转是有道理的。
(1)assuming (that) ... 假定……
assume
sb./sth.to be ...
假设/认为某人/某物为……
It is assumed that ...
人们认为……
(2)assumption n.
假定；假想
make an assumption
假定；认为
on the assumption that ...
在假定……的情况下Our teacher assumes_him_to_be the cleverest boy in this class.
我们老师认为他是这个班最聪明的男孩。
Assuming (assume)that it is true, what should I do now?
假定那是真的，我现在该怎么办？
A lot of people make the assumption (assume) that poverty only exists in the Third World.
许多人认为贫困仅仅存在于第三世界。
11．adapt vt.使适应；改编，改造
[高考佳句] To all of you, fresh students, how to adapt yourself to the new environment is the first thing that you have to face.(2017·江西高考书面表达)
对你们所有新生来说，如何使自己适应新的环境是你们必须面对的第一件事。
(1)adapt (oneself) to适应
adapt sth.for sth.
改编为；使某事物适应或适合
be adapted from
由……改编
(2)adaptation n.
适应，改编(本)
The TV series Red Sorghum is_adapted_from Mo Yan's
novel of the same name.
电视剧《红高粱》是根据莫言的同名小说改编的。
②When you go to a new country, you must adapt_yourself_to new manners and customs.
当你到一个新的国家时，你必须使自己适应新的礼仪和风俗习惯。
[一言串记] The film is adapted from his story. It mainly tells us his quick adaptation to the new environment, and in fact at first he thought he couldn't adapt himself to the changed environment.
这部电影是根据他的故事改编的。它主要告诉我们的是他快速适应新环境的能力，事实上，起初他本以为他不能使自己适应变化了的环境。
Ⅰ.基础点全练(单句语法填空/完成句子)
1．She turned a deaf ear to the instruction (instruct) given by her teacher.
2．They suspected him of giving false evidence to the police.
3．It's disappointing that my parents don't approve of me/my (I) majoring in Chinese.
4. We can all leave together assuming (assume) that the others aren't late.
5. Larry had no alternative but to_go (go) there alone.
6. I don't think it is
worthwhile taking the trouble to explain the question to him.
7. He is distinguished for his knowledge of economics.
8. The coach urged on us the importance of teamwork.
9．He acquired_a_knowledge_of_English (学会了英语) when he was in England.
10．A small part of the population are believed to have_no_access_to (没有机会得到) the health care in the western rural area of the country.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
1．lack万花筒
(1)介、副词填空
①Is she lacking in willpower to achieve her goals?
②There is a lack of good alternatives to the euro.
③He can't do the work for lack of the skills.
(2)句型转换
④Though his parents had no money, they managed to send him to university.
④—1 Though his parents lacked money,
they managed to send him to university.
④—2 Though lacking in money, his parents managed to send him to university.
2．adapt多棱镜
(1)介、副词填空
①Jack adapted himself to the new school quickly.
②The author is going to adapt his script for a TV play.
③The TV play is adapted from a historical novel.
④It is never easy to adapt to big changes. Those who can do it faster are more likely to succeed.
(2)对比填空
The film Tiny Times is an adaptation (adapt) of Guo Jingming's novel of the same name.
⑥The film Tiny Times is adapted (adapt) from Guo Jingming's novel of the same name.
Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练
1．根据语境选出access的词性和词义
Only a few people have access to the full facts of the case.
__B__
②The files were accessed every day to keep them up to date.
C
③The only access to their house is along that narrow road. A
2．根据语境选出urge的词性和词义
The vacation is coming and I have an urge to travel.
C
②I strongly urge that you should give up smoking.
A
③He could hear her urging him on as he ran past. B
1．lay off 解雇；裁员；停止
[教材原句] Three months ago, when my manager told me that I would be laid off, my mind went blank and my heart swelled with anger.
三个月前，当经理告诉我我将被解雇时，我大脑一片空白，怒火满腔。
lay down放下；中断(工作)；规定，制定
lay aside
把……放在一边；储蓄
lay up
贮存
lay out
展开；布置；花费；清晰谨慎地提出
lay the table
摆桌子
①They laid_some_money_aside for their daughter's marriage.
他们存了一些钱以备女儿结婚用。
②The general told the troops to lay_down their arms.
将军命令部队放下武器。
③How much did you have to lay_out for your new car?
你这辆新车花了多少钱？
2．aside from 除……之外
[教材原句] And aside from emailing, it's fun to see and talk to my grandchildren in the US on the iCam.
除了发电子邮件，能在网络眼上看到我在美国的孙辈并与之交谈也很有意思。
aside from＝apart from＝except (for)
除……之外(别无)
aside from＝apart from＝besides
除……之外(尚有)
except that
除了……
in addition to
除了……之外还
①Everything is quiet, aside_from/except/apart_from the occasional sound of a car in the distance.
除了远处偶尔有汽车的声响外，四周一片寂静。
②The essay is well written
apart_from/aside_from/except_for a few spelling mistakes.
除了几处拼写错误外，这篇文章写得很好。
3．set off出发，动身；(使)爆炸，引爆；燃放；引发；衬托
[教材原句] I remember that he let me pour some powder into the rocket and then another student lit a flame to set it off.
我记得他让我把一些粉末倒入火箭，然后让另一个学生点火使火箭发射出去。
[一句多义] 写出下列句中set off的含义
①The terrorists set off bombs in public places causing many deaths.引爆
②Be careful when you set off fireworks.燃放
③You'd better set off at once, because many miners are being trapped in the mine.出发，动身
④Panic on the stock market set off a wave of selling.引发
⑤You'd better choose the pink sweater which can set off the white of your skin.衬托
着手做……
set out for ...
动身去……
set up
建起，竖起；建立；提出(意见)
set aside
搁置一边；省钱，存钱
set down
写下，记下
⑥He sets about doing his homework after supper every day.
＝He sets out to_do (do) his homework after supper every day.
每天晚饭后他开始做家庭作业。
4．I decided that it_was_time I became an Internet user.
我觉得该是我成为因特网用户的时候了。
It is/was time (that) ...“该做……的时候了”，该句型的变式有It's high/about time that ...，从句中谓语动词用“一般过去时或should＋动词原形(should 一般不可以省略)” 表示虚拟，但其含义并非指过去，而是指现在或将来。
①It's high time that we realized/should realize how serious the pollution is and took/should_take (take) action to stop it.
现在到了我们该意识到污染的严重性并采取行动阻止污染的时候了。
(1)It's time for sth./It's time for sb. to do sth.
是某人该做某事的时候了
(2)It/This is the first/second/third ...time that ...
该句型表示“这是第一/二/三……次做某事了”，其中that 可省略，从句用现在完成时态。但是，当be 动词为 was 时，that 后的从句应用过去完成时态。
②It was the first time (that) China's female astronaut
had_flown (fly)
into the outer space.
这是中国女航天员首次飞往外太空。
③Spring is coming and it_is_time_for those about to graduate to look for jobs.
春天即将到来，是即将毕业的学生找工作的时候了。
5．Sometimes I wish_I_could_phone him and ask for his opinion!
有时我真希望能给他打个电话问问他的意见！
wish后跟宾语从句时常用虚拟语气，表达不太现实或不太可能实现的愿望。wish后面宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为：
从句谓语动词
①He wish he would_become
(become) a bird flying in the sky one day.
他希望他有一天会变成一只在空中翱翔的小鸟。
②I wish I remembered_her_address. If so, I can get in touch with her easily.
我要是记得她的地址就好了。如果那样，我很容易就能联系上她。
③How I wish I had_seen_her_off at the station, but I was too busy.
我多么希望到车站为她送行，但我太忙了。
Ⅰ.基础点全练
1．单句语法填空/句型转换/完成句子
①—I have to go home to finish my work.
—That's too bad. I wish you could/would/might go with me to see a film tonight.
②You'll soon get accustomed to walking (walk) long distances.
③It is the first time that I have_visited (visit) the Bird's Nest.
④It is time that you went to watch the swimming competition.
④—1 It is time that you should go to watch the swimming competition.
④—2 It is time for you to go to watch the swimming competition.
⑤Aside_from/Apart_from/Besides/In_addition_to (除……之外还) these three books,
he has written some plays and film scripts.
⑥To_start_with (首先), I'd like to tell in brief the importance of the work.
2．运用所学短语完成片段
It is reported that the problem of haze (雾霾) ①tends_to (倾向于) become worse, which resulted from the fact that many people lacked the awareness of environmental protection. They ②have_been_accustomed_to (已习惯于) driving to work every day, which results in air pollution. As a result, people in many cities ③have_no_access_to (没有机会得到) fresh air. To solve the problem of air pollution, some scientists ④put_forward (提出) the suggestion that if necessary, the government should set up new laws to ⑤urge_people_to_drive_less (敦促人们少开车) and ride bikes more. To the scientists' satisfaction, the majority ⑥approve_of (赞成) their suggestion. Obviously, nobody can deny that riding can not only help reduce air pollution but also build up our bodies. ⑦In_conclusion (总之), to live a healthy life, people shouldn't ignore the problem of air pollution and it is our duty to protect our earth.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
1．lay相关短语全扫描
(1)介、副词填空
①Millions of soldiers laid down their lives for their country.
②She laid aside her knitting to rest her eyes for a moment.
③The company laid off 125 workers in late November.
(2)根据汉语提示完成片段
After the worker was told that he was ④laid_off (解雇), he ⑤laid_down (放下) the tools and left the factory quietly. Arriving home, he ⑥laid_aside (储存) his money earned these years and then ⑦laid_the_table (摆桌子) to eat.
2．set相关短语大观园
介、副词填空
①The election results set off a wave of violent clashes across Kenya.
②They agreed to set aside their differences and work together for peace.
③She set all these events down in her diary.
课时练(一) 一、单元考点落实练(练基础)(限时：40分钟)
.单词拼写
1．He suspected (怀疑) that the woman staying in the flat above was using heroin.
2.She simplified (简化) the instructions so that the children could understand them.
3.At what age are children able to distinguish (辨别) between right and wrong?
4．The memory of his mother inspired (启发) him to write his greatest poetry.
5．It is generally assumed (假定，认为) that stress is caused by too much work.
6．You may not like her, but you cannot ignore (忽视) her.
7．The instruction (指示) should be carried out without reservation.
8．Having a good mood is beneficial (有益的) to one's health.
9．The way was blocked, so we had to go by an alternative (替代的) road.
10．The local school has just acquired (获得) new equipment, which makes teachers and students delighted.
.单句语法填空
1．If only I had_had (have) more confidence in the English speech contest held last week!
2．It's high time we should_leave/left (leave) for the airport.
3．Frankly (frank) speaking, it's not a wise idea to stay up all day long.
4．It is generally assumed that dolphins are animals of high intelligence.
5．This machine has been specially adapted (adapt) for use underwater.
6．Li Ming's mother instructed him to_come (come) back before 8：00.
7．To a certain extent, I am in favor of your project.
8．You'd better cut your hair short. Our school does not approve of students wearing (wear) too long hair.
9.The northern people of China tend to_eat (eat) more noodles, while the southern people eat more rice.
10．I had to keep the video camera readily accessible (access) in case I saw something that needed to be filmed.
11．President Xi urged that every effort (should)_be_made (make) to rescue and treat the injured when the earthquake happened.
12．Accustomed (accustom) to climbing
the steep mountains, he had no difficulty reaching the top.
13．Armed with the information you have gathered, you can set about preparing your business plan.
14．The man, suspected (suspect) of having stolen the jewels of the shop, was missing last night, although he was watched over by the police.
15．Your performance as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.
.单句改错
1．Is this the first time that you
visited Shanghai？visited前加have
2．I only wish the house was a little warmer.was→were
3．You'll soon get accustomed to live in the big city.live→living
4.The director was fully convinced that this moving story, if adapting for television, would be a hit.adapting→adapted
5．After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, who urgent needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.urgent→urgently
6．Life is not only about making money, acquire power or recognition.
acquire→acquiring
7．As is known, he is distinguished as his knowledge of science.第二个as→for
8．To our joy, what he said at the meeting was inspired.inspired→inspiring
9．Cao Xueqin's famous novel — A Dream of Red Mansions is worthy of
read.第二个of后加being
10．You have no alternative but stay here overnight.but后加to_
.课文缩写语法填空
Sun Wen — 28 years old
“It's never too late to learn.” That was the advice I got and now I'm about to_graduate (graduate) with a Bachelor's Degree by distance learning. Because of my new qualification, I'm getting ②promoted (promote) at work.
In the past, if someone ③had_failed (fail) to get into university, he would have had no chance ④of getting a degree. I gave myself a second chance by studying for a degree ⑤in the evenings and on weekends while keeping a secure fulltime job. The last four years have been hard work, ⑥but it's been worth it!
Ms Tang — 45 years old
Three months ago, my manager laid me off because the company was not doing that well, but I felt as if I ⑦had_done (do) something wrong. At first, I enjoyed being ⑧a fulltime housewife, but soon I got ⑨bored (bore) and decided to do a business course. I've always dreamed of starting my own company. I have nearly finished the course ⑩and prepared a business plan for setting up my own export company.
Ⅴ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练
(一)依据提示补全短文
Frankly_speaking (说实话), Tom used to be excellent, and he was always buried in his work all day long. However (But/However/And), he was_laid_off (被解雇了) by his boss last month. ①He often not only suspected_others (怀疑别人), but also he often paid no attention to other people's valuable advice. He was angry with his boss. ②He had to accept the fact though he found it was difficult to face it. ③It was time for him to_adapt_to (适应) the society and change himself. After all, he lived not simply for himself. How_I_wish_that (我多么希望) he would make some necessary changes in future and live a happy life.
(二)按要求将词汇句式升级
1．用本单元高级词汇替换加黑部分
(1)excellent→outstanding
(2)paid no attention to→ignored
2．按要求进行句式改写
(1)用倒装句改写句①
Not_only_did_he_often_suspect_others,_but_also_he_often_paid_no_attention_to_other_people's_valuable_advice.
(2)用it 作形式宾语改写句②
He_had_to_accept_the_fact_though_he_found_it_difficult_to_face_it.
(3)用“It was time that ...”句型改写句③
It_was_time_that_he_should_adapt/adapted_to_the_society_and_change/changed_himself.
二、完形填空提练(练专项)(限时：20分钟)
(2016·太原市高三第二学段测评)Reading and learning new words is about finding their meaning and use within a passage. The meaning of unknown words which you __1__ in your reading sometimes can be known by their __2__， that is, their contexts. The context of the sentence can tell us the part of speech (词性) of the __3__ word. Using the context of the paragraph to define unknown words can also be __4__.
Readers often have trouble because they understand the sentence word by word instead the __5__ meaning of a word, when they should identify the way it has been used in the passage.
One consideration in using the context is to determine the unknown word's part of speech. The words around the unknown word can give you __6__. Once you know if the word is a noun or an adjective, it is often enough for you to __7__ reading without having to stop to look up the meaning of the word. After coming across the word a few more times, you will know its meaning more __8__ than if you had just looked it up.
Comparison clues indicate that two or more things are __9__. A comparison is possible because the known and unknown words have __10__. The likeness shows you that comparisons can be made.
__11__ clues tell you an example of an unknown word. Example clues are usually __12__ by the following words and phrases: such as, for example, and like.
To find meaning from textbased clues, you should look for clues in the sentence. A second kind of clue does not __13__on specific words to indicate meaning. This
kind of context clue is called a frameworkbased clue. Your
knowledge of the meaning of surrounding words __14__ you discover the meaning of a word or sentence. Common __15__ and your knowledge of the parts of speech also help defining unknown words. For example, the angry driver shouted vehemently during his fight with the other driver. What does “vehemently”__16__？ You know what __17__ means, and you know how people __18__ when they argue. From this, you can __19__ out
that “vehemently” has something to do with strong __20__ or intense feeling.
1.
A.take downB．look up
C．come across
D．pick out
解析：选C 有时候你在阅读中所遇到的生词的意思可以通过语境知道其含义。take down“记下”；look up“查阅”；come across“遇见”；pick out“找出”。下文中的“After coming across the word a few more times”也是提示，故C项正确。
2．A.sentences
B．words
C．topics
D．surroundings
解析：选D 根据“that is”可知，此空与contexts是同义词，与下文中的“The words around the unknown word”和“Your knowledge of the meaning of surrounding words”呼应，故D项正确。
3．A.unknown
B．abnormal
C．familiar
D．negative
解析：选A 句子的语境可以告诉我们生词的词性。与上文中的“unknown words”呼应可知，此处是指生词，故A项正确。abnormal“不正常的”；familiar“熟悉的”；negative“负面的”。
4．A.unique
B．natural
C．helpful
D．common
解析：选C 利用段落的语境来确定生词也是有帮助的。与下文中的“Common __15__ and your knowledge of the parts of speech also help defining unknown words.”呼应，故C项正确。
5．A.correct
B．inconvenient
C．different
D．satisfactory
解析：选A 读者经常遇到麻烦，因为他们逐字理解句子而不是(理解)一个词的正确意思。根据空格前的“Readers often have trouble”可推知，读者没有理解一个词的正确意思，即A项正确。
6．A.cases
B．reasons
C．effects
D．clues
解析：选D 生词周围的词可以给你(提供)线索。与下文中的“Comparison clues”呼应，故D项正确。
7．A.translate
B．interview
C．continue
D．examine
解析：选C 一旦你知道了这个词是名词还是形容词，那么你就可以不必停下来去查这个词的意思而继续读下去。根据空格后的“without having to stop”可知，此处应用continue“继续”，故C项正确。
8．A.strangely
B．uncertainly
C．potentially
D．firmly
解析：选D strangely“奇怪地”；uncertainly“犹豫地”；potentially“潜在地”；firmly“坚定地”。根据空格前的“After coming across the word a few more times”可知，在生词出现的频率较高的情况下，根据语境，读者就可以更加确定其具体的含义，故D项正确。
9．A.alike
B．meaningful
C．proper
D．great
解析：选A 比较性线索表明两个或多个事物是相似的。根据下文中的“The likeness”可知，此处表示事物的相似性，故A项正确。
10．A.properties
B．similarities
C．possibilities
D．personalities
解析：选B 之所以可能作比较是因为认识的词和不认识的词之间有相似性。根据下文中的“The likeness”可知，similarity“相似性”，符合语境。
11．A.Popularity
B．Consideration
C．Example
D．Comparison
解析：选C 例子线索会通过举例来提示读者。与空格后的“an example”和“Example clues”呼应，故C项正确。
12．A.affected
B．adjusted
C．changed
D．introduced
解析：选D 例子线索通常通过以下词或短语来提出。affect“影响”；adjust“调整”；change“改变”；introduce“提出”。故D项正确。
13．A.focus
B．spend
C．carry
D．rely
解析：选D 另一种线索并不是靠具体的词来表明(生词的)意思的。与上文“textbased clues”形成对比，这种线索不是依赖上下文而得出词义的，故D项正确。rely on“依赖”，符合语境。
14．A.prevents
B．helps
C．tells
D．displays
解析：选B 你对附近的词的意思的理解有助于你了解一个词或一个句子的意思。故B项正确。
15．A.point
B．taste
C．awareness
D．sense
解析：选D 常识和对词性的了解也有助于(读者)给生词下定义。固定搭配：common sense意为“常识”，符合语境，故D项正确。
16．A.mean
B．use
C．contain
D．complete
解析：选A “vehemently”是什么意思呢？与下文中的“You know what __17__ means”形成呼应，故A项正确。
17．A.angry
B．grateful
C．happy
D．anxious
解析：选A 你知道angry是什么意思，而且你(也)知道人们在争辩时的感受。与上文中的“the angry driver”呼应，故A项正确。
18．A.act
B．say
C．feel
D．think
解析：选C 根据上文中的“the angry driver”和空格所在句中的“how people __18__ when they argue”可推知，C项正确。
19．A.come
B．figure
C．take
D．set
解析：选B 由此你可以弄清楚“vehemently”与强烈的情感或紧张的情绪有关。come out“出现；出版”；figure out“弄明白”；take out“切除”；set out“出发”。
20．A.demand
B．ambition
C．attitude
D．emotion
解析：选D demand“要求”；ambition“野心”；attitude“态度”；emotion“情感”。与语境“or intense feeling”呼应可知，此处表示情感，故D项正确。
课时练(二) 阅读理解提速练(练速度)
(限时：35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2016·青岛市高考模拟)
Dear Sara，
As we drove off from Columbia, I wanted to write a letter to you to tell you all that is on my mind. First, I want to tell you how proud we are. Getting into Columbia College shows what a great wellrounded student you are. Your academic, artistic, and social skills have truly blossomed in the last few years. Whether it is getting the highest grade in mathematics, completing your elegant fashion design, successfully selling your painted running shoes, or becoming one of the top speakers in Model United Nations, you have become a talented and accomplished young woman. You should be as proud of yourself as we are.
College will be the most important years in your life. It is in college that you will truly discover what learning is about.This will be the period where you go from teachertaught to masterinspired, after which you must become a selflearner.So do take each subject seriously, and even if what you learn isn't critical for your life, the skills of learning will be important to you forever.
Follow your passion in college. Take courses you think you will enjoy. Don't be trapped in what others think or say.Do your best in classes, but don't let pressure get to you. Your mother and I have no expectations for your grades. If you graduate and learn something in your four years, we would feel happy. So please don't give yourself pressure.
I told your mom I'm writing this letter, and asked what she wanted me to say. She thought and said, “Just ask her to take care of herself.” Please listen to your mother and take care of yourself.
So please treasure your college years, make the best of your free time, and become an independent thinker; learn and grow through your successes and challenges.
Love，
Dad (&Mom)
语篇解读：本文是一封父亲写给刚进入大学校门的女儿的信。信中表达了父母对女儿的爱，他们为女儿骄傲，告诉她在大学应如何对待学习，并叮嘱女儿要照顾好自己。
1．Sara's performance in the last few years makes his parents ________.
A．annoyed B．proud
C．upset
D．concerned
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段，尤其是第二句“First, I want to tell you how proud we are.”可知，Sara在过去几年中的表现使她的父母感到骄傲。
2．What did Father mainly write about in Paragraph 2?
A．Learning skills.
B．College courses.
C．Learning attitude.
D．Ways of selflearning.
解析：选A 段落大意题。第二段中，父亲主要告诉女儿在大学里必须成为一个自学者，学习技能是非常重要的，因此选择A。
3．What do we know about Mom and Dad from the letter?
A．They expect too much of Sara.
B．They put lots of pressure on Sara.
C．They love their daughter very much.
D．They advise Sara to make more friends.
解析：选C 推理判断题。信中表达了父母对女儿的满意、期望与关心，字里行间流露着父母对女儿深深的爱，因此选择C。
B
(2016·衡水一中高三模拟)On the first day of school our professor introduced himself and challenged us to get to know someone we didn't know. I looked round when a gentle hand touched my shoulder. I turned around to find a wrinkled, little old lady with a smile. She said, “Hi, handsome. My name is Rose. I'm eightyseven years old .Can I give you a hug？” I laughed and enthusiastically responded, “Of course you may！” She gave me a giant squeeze. “Why_are_you_in_college_at_such_a_young,_innocent_age？” I asked. “I always dreamed of having a college education and now I'm getting one！” she told me. After class we walked to the Student Union building and shared a chocolate milkshake. We became instant friends.
Every day of the next three months we would leave class together and talk nonstop. I was always listening to this “time machine” as she shared her wisdom and experience with me. Over the course of the year, Rose became a campus icon (偶像) and she easily made friends wherever she went. At the end of the semester we invited Rose to speak at our football dinner. I'll never forget what she taught us. “We do not stop playing because we are old; we grow old because we stop playing. There is a huge difference between growing older and growing up. Anybody can grow older. That doesn't take any talent or ability. The idea is to grow up by always finding opportunities in change. Have no regrets. The elderly usually don't have regrets for what we did, but rather for things we did not do. The only people who fear death are those with regrets.” She concluded her speech by courageously singing The Rose. She challenged each of us to study the lyrics (歌词) and live them out in our daily life. At the year's end she finished the college degree she had begun all those years. One week after graduation Rose died peacefully in her sleep.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位87岁的老太太 Rose 仍然坚持学习，实现了自己的梦想考上了大学，她成了大学校园里的偶像，她的话激励了年轻人。
4．What happened to the author on the first day of school?
A．He got to know an old professor.
B．He made the acquaintance of an old lady.
C．He joined the Student Union.
D．He had to share a milkshake with others.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I looked round when a gentle hand touched ... little old lady with a smile.”可知，作者在上学的第一天结识了一位老太太。故选B项。
5．From the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1, we can find out the author's ________.
A．concern about age
B．respect for the old
C．curiosity about the lady
D．complaint about education
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据画线句后面老太太的回答“I always dreamed of having a college education and now I'm getting one！”可推知，作者对在大学校园碰到老太太感到非常的好奇，所以询问老太太在学校的原因。故选C项。
6．In the author's eyes, ________.
A．Rose was innocent and generous
B．Rose was wise and skilled
C．Rose was talented and hardworking
D．Rose was courageous and her words were inspiring
解析：选D 推理判断题。第二段讲到老太太 Rose 那种没有因为年龄大而放弃自己的梦想，活到老学到老的这种精神使她在大学校园成了大学生的偶像，故 Rose 的勇气让作者感到钦佩，她的话令人鼓舞。故选D项。
7．Which saying might Rose possibly support?
A．One is never too old to learn.
B．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
C．Rome wasn't built in a day.
D．It is no use crying over spilt milk.
解析：选A 推理判断题。本文讲述了一位87岁的老太太 Rose 仍然坚持学习，实现了自己的梦想考上了大学，故A项“活到老学到老”，符合题意。 A friend in need is a friend indeed “患难见真情”， Rome wasn't built in a day “冰冻三尺，非一日之寒”， It is no use crying over spilt milk “覆水难收”，都不符合题意。
C
(2016·江西九校联考)Sleeping in a room with too much light has been linked to an increased risk of piling on the pounds, a study shows. A team at the Institute of Cancer Research in London found women had larger waistlines if their bedroom was “light enough to see across” at night. However, they caution there is not enough evidence to advise people to buy thicker curtains or turn off lights.
The women were asked to rate the amount of light in their bedrooms at night as: Light enough to read. Light enough to see across the room, but not read. Light enough to see your hand in front of you, but not across the room. Too dark to see your hand or you wear a mask.
Prof. Anthony Swerdlow told the BBC：“In this very large group of people there is an association between reported light exposure at night and overweight and obesity. But there is not sufficient evidence to know if making your room darker would make any difference to your weight. There might be other explanations for the association, but the findings are intriguing enough to guarantee further scientific investigation.”
The light is disrupting the body clock, which stems from our evolutionary past when we were active when it was light in the day and resting when it was dark at night. Light alters mood, physical strength and even the way we process food in a 24hour cycle. Artificial light is known to disrupt the body clock by delaying the production of the sleep hormone melatonin.
Prof. DerkJan Dijk said there would be no harm in trying to make bedrooms darker. He told the BBC：“People in general are not aware of the light present in their bedroom. I think people should assess their bedroom and see how easy it would be to make it darker.”Street lights, some alarm clocks and standby lights on electrical equipment such as televisions could light a room, he said.“Overall this study points to the importance of darkness，”he concluded.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了卧室里的亮度对人们健康的影响：过于强烈的光线会影响人体的生物钟，影响人的情绪，还有可能使人肥胖。
8．The passage mainly tells us________.
A．bright bedrooms link to obesity
B．dark bedrooms link to obesity
C．people should turn off lights
D．people should buy thicker curtains
解析：选A 主旨大意题。第一段第一句点明了文章的主题，即有研究表明，在光线太强的房间里睡觉可能会导致体重增加。故选A项。
9．What does the underlined word “disrupt” (Paragraph 4) mean?
A．Stop. B．Disturb.
C．Improve.
D．Recover.
解析：选B 词义猜测题。根据第四段第一句中的“The light is disrupting the body clock”和第二句可知，本段主要讲述的是光线会干扰生物钟，会改变情绪、体力、甚至人体处理食物的方式，由此可推知画线单词意为“干扰”，与B项disturb意义接近。故选B项。
10．What might Paragraph 4 be used for?
A．One possible explanation on disrupting body clock.
B．One possible explanation on disrupting mood.
C．One possible explanation on disrupting physical strength.
D．One possible explanation on artificial light.
解析：选A 篇章结构题。根据第四段第一句“The light is disrupting the body clock ...”及最后一句中的“Artificial light is known to disrupt the body clock”可知，本段主要解释了光线会干扰人体生物钟的可能原因。故选A项。
11．What's Prof. DerkJan Dijk's attitude towards the dark room?
A．Unclear.
B．Doubtful.
C．Negative.
D．Favorable.
解析：选D 观点态度题。根据最后一段第一句中“there would be no harm in trying to make bedrooms darker”及最后一句可以看出，DerkJan Dijk 教授赞成将卧室的亮度调暗。故选D项。
D
(2016·广西桂林一模)
Fruit powered digital clock
Fruit's not only good to eat, but it can also power this fruit digital clock. This clock uses the scientific principles on which modern
electrical storage batteries are based. The acid from the fruit helps transmit an electrical flow between two metal poles. The clock is priced at US DS|15. Connecting any fresh fruit or vegetable to the clock will make it work. The fruit is a clean, renewable source of electrical power.
USB vacuum
Do you know the dirtiest parts of your desk are probably your keyboard and mouse? Get a USB Mini Vacuum with retractable (可伸缩的) cable and suck away all that junk. The USmade product is priced at US DS|14.
SIM card reader
Making useful USB 2.0 multicard readers even handier, this card can also read and write data to phone SIM cards. It comes with SIM editing software. Download your phonebook to your computer. If you lose your cellphone, you can store missing phone numbers in your new one. The USmade IMOMOS SIM card＋Multi Card Reader is priced at US DS|19 (114 yuan)．
Beer in your ear
The beer barrel (桶)shaped Naf Naf Hyp MP3 is a musical box that's capable of playing radio, CDs and cassettes. It's got all the standard features of the typical clockradio, but with the relaxing look of a big beer barrel. The Danish product is priced at about US DS|130 (780 yuan)．
12．If you have 86 yuan, which product can you buy according to the passage?
A．Naf Naf Hyp MP3.B．SIM card reader.
C．USB vacuum.
D．Fruit powered digital clock.
解析：选C 数字计算题。根据第三则广告“SIM card reader”中“US DS|19 (114 yuan)”可知，一美元可兑换6元人民币。86元人民币大约相当于14美元。由此结合文章所提供的四款商品的价格可知，86元人民币可以买到USB vacuum (US DS|14)。故选C项。
13．What does the underlined word “junk” mean in the second item?
A．Keyboard.
B．Dirt.
C．Desk.
D．Mouse.
解析：选B 词义猜测题。根据第二则广告“USB vacuum”的功能介绍可知，这是一款用来清理键盘和鼠标的USB吸尘器。由此可知，画线词“junk”应指键盘和鼠标上的灰尘。故选B项。
14．The passage is mostly likely a(n) ________.
A．advertisement for new products
B．science report on new hightechnology
C．entertainment information
D．introduction of some kinds of musical boxes
解析：选A 推理判断题。通读文章可知，本文是四款新开发的电子产品的广告。故选A项。
15．SIM card reader can be used to ________.
A．edit all the data in your computer
B．remove data in phone SIM cards specially
C．transfer any file between a computer and a cellphone
D．help restore your phone book in a new cellphone
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三则广告“SIM card reader”的功能介绍中倒数第二、三句可知，通过这款读卡器，你可将电话簿存到电脑里。如果你的手机丢失了，你可以将电话号码转存到新手机上。由此可知D项正确。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2016·东北三省三校联合模拟考试)Do you struggle with business writing？Are teams and individuals asking for help with their business writing skills? __1__ Since 1990, we have been helping employees and managers write better.
Everything written in business reflects the image of the company and the writer. __2__ This means organizing ideas well, checking that the language is accurate and that the presentation is professional. Writing successfully is always the result of careful planning.
Before you start writing, you need to decide why you are writing and what you hope to achieve. This will help you decide what to include in your writing and whether to write an email, a letter or perhaps a report.
Meanwhile, think about readers. __3__ The structure of what you write can guide readers and help them understand the content of your writing so that they can respond.
While you are writing, you need to think about how you organize your ideas. Writing a report may involve presenting data and linking complex ideas; writing a memo (备忘录) may involve describing a situation and dealing with ways of improving it. You need to understand how to construct paragraphs. __4__
After you have finished writing comes the very important process of revising, checking and correcting.
__5__ You will find plenty of useful information about effective business writing. In our courses, participants get tools, tips, techniques, job aids, and followup resources to help them write better.
A．Contact us.
B．Assess your skills here.
C．It will help you choose appropriate structures.
D．A range of words can be used to link your ideas.
E．Spelling mistakes should be checked and corrected.
F．So it is very important that writing is done to the highest standards.
G．Here comes the good news.
答案：1～5 GFCDA
课时练(三) 第Ⅱ卷强化增分练(练规范)
(限时：45分钟)
Ⅰ.语法填空
(2016·河南天一大联考)I was visiting the Cape Verde Islands with some friends. Although it was a __1__ (wind) day, the water was clear and my friends were out on the reef. Going out to snorkel (潜泳), I __2__ (notice) that an ocean current had spread to the bay, pushing me towards rocks __3__ (cover) in sea urchins (海胆). Since I wasn't close to the shore, __4__ would have been a tiring exercise to swim against it, so, using the current, I made it back to shore in about an hour.
__5__ (lie) on the beach and out of breath, I heard a voice. A man, __6__ was one of the guys I had just met, was getting pushed past the rocks and would be quickly carried out to sea. No one else was close, __7__ I jumped into the water. Keeping a mark on all of the submerged rocks and sand bars (沙洲), I swam out to him.
“Get hold of my arm and when you reach a sand bar, grip it with your feet，” I said over the roar of the waves.
With one hand, I held onto the man, and with __8__ other, I was using all of my remaining __9__ (strong) to reach the sand bars. Again, I used the current to get across the bay, towards the shallows. __10__ (final), we crawled up the sand and lay there watching the sun.
1．windy 设空处前为冠词后为名词，由此可判断设空处应为形容词。wind的形容词形式是windy。
2．noticed 根据上下文可知设空处应该用一般过去时。
3．covered 被修饰词rocks与cover之间为被动关系且表示完成，故用过去分词作定语。
4．it it在句中作形式主语，to swim against it作真正的主语。
5．Lying 句子主语I与lie为逻辑上的主动关系，且此处表示伴随，故用现在分词作状语。
6．who 先行词为A man，关系词在定语从句中作主语且指“人”，故用who引导。
7．so 句意：附近没有其他人，因此我跳进水里。前后两句为因果关系，故用so连接。
8．the 根据前面的one hand可知设空处应为the。the other表示两者中的另一个。
9．strength 设空处前面是形容词，故填名词形式strength(力气)。
10．Finally 句意：最后，我们爬到了沙滩上，躺在那里看着太阳。finally“最后”。
Ⅱ.短文改错
(2016·河北省毕业班适应性检测)Most of us feel nervous whenever we're taking the important exam. Some will feel dizzy or tiring, some can't sleep well, and some will lose our appetite. In fact, all these symptom have terrible effects on our exams and we are all eager to get rid of them. First of all, it's important for us to have a right attitude towards exams. They are only a means of checking that how we are getting along with our studies, so it is no need to worry too much about the results. Study hard every day and made careful plans for each exam. In this way we can avoid suffer from the pressure of exams. Besides, enough sleep can make us energetic and enable us perform well in an exam. Therefore, during the period of exams, we should not stay up too late. We can also try a warm bath or a cup of warm milk after going to bed, which might help us to have a sound sleep.
答案：第一句：the→an
第二句：tiring→tired; our→their
第三句：symptom→symptoms
第五句：去掉that; it→there
第六句：made→make
第七句：suffer→suffering
第八句：perform前加to
第十句：after→before
Ⅲ.书面表达
(2016·山师大附中模拟)假设你是李华，在互联网上看到英国高中生David登的一则启事：希望结识一位中国朋友，以便学习中国的语言、文化。请你用英文给David发一封电子邮件，主要内容包括：
1．你怎样得知David的愿望的；
2．你愿意成为他的朋友；
3．你打算如何帮助他；
4．你盼望他的回复。
注意：1.电子邮件的格式已为你写好，不计入总词数；
2．词数100左右。
Dear David，
I've learned____________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear David，
I've learned it from the Internet that you want to make a Chinese friend so as to learn
the Chinese language and culture. I'm glad that you show such great interest in China and I would like to be your friend.
I will try my best to write to you as often as possible to introduce you the Chinese culture. When you have an opportunity to come to China, I'll teach you how to speak
Chinese and show you around some famous historical places of interest. Anyway, I am going to help you as much as I can. How do you think?
I'm looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua