2017届高考英语一轮复习精品资料(译林牛津版)——模块五Unit 3 (讲练篇)
Unit 3 Science and nature
一、重点词汇
考点-1. intention
【教材原句】Although he researches cloning, his intention has never been to create copies of humans. (P42)
尽管伊恩·威尔莫特研究克隆，但他的目的根本不是要制造人类的复制品。
②However, some people believe that cloning human embryos with the intention of destroying them shows no respect for human life.(P42)但是，有些人认为怀着摧毁人类胚胎的意图来克隆人类胚胎是对人类生命的不尊重。
【例句研读】What is the intention to do so?
这样做？
I have no intention of interrupting you.
我。He returned with the intention of spending New Year with his family.
他而回来。
By God！I said that without intention!
老天作证，！
The book is intended for beginners.
本书是。
【自主归纳】intention n. 意图，目的；企图 adj.
adv.
with the intention of by intention
without intention
intend vt.
intend (sb.) to do sth.
be intended for (to do)
【即时巩固】
The book
children.
②他打算去国外进修。
He went abroad
further education.
③他从来不会故意伤害任何人。
He will never
hurt anyone.
④我再也不想到这个可怕的地方来了。
I have __________________ coming to this terrible place again!
考点-2. anxiety
【教材原句】Even though human cloning is causing a lot of anxiety, it is good news for Faye Wilson.P42）
尽管人类的克隆正带来很多的忧虑，对Faye Wilson来说，这是个好消息。
【例句研读】She is waiting for the message with anxiety.
她正等待消息。She is anxious about the coming exam.
她即将到来的考试。
He is anxious to visit the Great Wall.
他去参观长城。【自主归纳】anxiety n. 忧虑，焦虑，不安→
adj. 焦虑的，渴望的→
adv. 焦虑地
be anxious(for sb.)to do sth.
be anxious to do sth.
be anxious about sb./sth.
be anxious for sth.
【即时巩固】I am anxious _______ her, for I haven’t heard from her for a long time.
A. towards
B. about
C. to
D. over
②—What does he want to do？He was
____ to show he can work out the difficult math problem.
A. worried
B. anxious
C. surprised
D. strange
③If the government borrows trillions of dollars, this will increase public ________
A. anxiety
B. happiness
C. wealth
D. confidence
考点-3. adopt
【教材原句】‘I am anxious to have a child of my own，’ she says. ‘I don't want to adopt someone else's child — if I had the chance, I would have a cloned baby right now.’ (P42)——如果我有这个机会，我会立即要一个克隆婴儿。”
【例句研读】As they had no children of their own，they adopted an orphan.他们没有亲生儿女，。
We should adopt the consumers' suggestion.
我们应该。They argued him into the adoption of the plan.
他们说服他。
The government adopted a new measure to fight against drunk driving.
政府
与酒驾作斗争。
【自主归纳】adopt vt. 收养，领养；采纳，采用 adj.收养的 n. 收养；采取adopt one's idea
adopt a new standard/measure
one's adopted son
adopt与adapt 是形似词容易混淆，adapt意为“适应”。
The young couple had no children of their own and
an orphan. After a few months, the orphan came to
to his new life.
这对年轻夫妇没有自己的孩子，领养了一名孤儿。几个月过后这个孤儿渐渐适应了他的新生活。【即时巩固】adopt的适当词性填空
①如果您认为我们的建议适合您，那么就采用它们。
If you think our suggestions work for you, then ___________ them.
②我们说服他采纳这项计划。
We argued her into the __________of the plan.
③他们是他的养父母。
They are his ______________ parents.
考点-4. consequence
【教材原句】If we toy with nature, we will have to deal with the consequences.P43)
如果我们玩弄自然，我们将不得不应付各种后果。
【例句研读】The lung cancer is a consequence of cigarette smoking.
肺癌是。
It terrified me to consider the consequence of your action.
一到你，我就感到害怕。In consequence of the rain, the tennis match was delayed.
由，网球赛延期了。
He didn't work hard, and as a consequence, he failed his exam.
他不用功，。
As a consequence of smoking, my father coughs frequently.
，我父亲常常咳嗽。
⑥He may be a man of consequence in his own country, but he's nobody here.
在他自己的国家，他也许
，但是在这里他算不了什么。
【自主归纳】consequence n. 结果，后果；重要性，重大意义 adj.必然的；因……结果而起的 adv.因此；结果；必然地
as a consequencein consequence=as a result
as a consequence of=in consequence of
take /bear the consequences (of)
of consequence
of no consequence
【即时巩固】the seaside was closed down as a(a) ________ of the terribly bad management and fund shortage.
A. summary
B. consequence
C. conclusion
D. effect
考点-5.judgment
【教材原句】I think we should be cautious and use good judgment when making decisions about cloning.()
我认为我们在对克隆作出决定时应该谨慎行事，作出好的判断。
【例句研读】He lacks sound judgment.
他缺乏。In my judgment, we should accept their apology.
，我们应该接受他们的道歉。He refused to make a judgment on/about the situation.
他拒绝。
We shouldn't judge a person by his appearance.
我们不应该。
The court judged her guilty.
法庭。
Judging from what he said，he must be an honest man.
，他一定是个诚实的人。
【自主归纳】对……作出判断依某人看来，按某人的看法judge vt.&n.审判，判决；法官；裁判员；认为
judge sb./sth.to be根据……来判断(作状语)根据……来判断【即时巩固】________ the best in a recent science competition, the three students were awarded scholarships ________ 21,000 dollars.
A. Judged；totalingB. To be judged；totaled
C. Having judged；to total
D. Judging；would total
-6. majority
【教材原句】I am sure that if you conducted a survey among UK citizens, it would show that the majority of people would not support this type of scientific research.【例句研读】A/The majority of people seem to prefer TV to radio.
似乎喜欢看电视而不喜欢听收音机。
The majority strongly support/supports the plan to build a playground for children.
都积极地支持为孩子们建造运动场的计划。Young people were in the majority at the meeting.
这次会议。
He won by a majority of 500.
他获胜。
He won the seat with a majority of 71 votes.
他
赢得了该席位。
【自主归纳】majority n. 多数，大多数；大半The/A majority of +复数名词+复数谓语动词
+不可数名词+单数谓语动词a/the majority可单独使用，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式或复数形式都可以
The majority
against the plan.大多数人反对这个计划。
The majority of the damage
easy to repair.这次的损失大部分容易补救。
占大多数
以多数赢得
②minority n.
少数in the/a minority
【即时巩固】完成句子
大多数医生认为吸烟有害健康。
________________________ believe smoking is harmful to health.
大部分人反对这个计划。
The majority ____________________.
女性在护理行业中占大多数。
In the nursing profession，women ____________________.
她以749票的多数票当选。
She was elected ____________________.
-7. confirm
【教材原句】【例句研读】What he observed confirmed his judgment.
他观察到的现象。
The announcement confirmed that the election would take place on June 20th.
公告。
The latest scientific development confirmed the public in the belief.
最新的科学发展那个看法。
This new evidence confirms me in my opinion that they are lying.
这个新的证据
他们在撒谎。
⑤It has been confirmed that all had passed the math exam.
所有的人都通过了这次数学考试。
【自主归纳】It has been confirmed that(从句) ...
【即时巩固】预订后请来函确认。Please write to _______ your reservation .
②已经确定会议将于下个星期召开。 the meeting will take place next week.
考点-8. frighten
【教材原句】While many people are excited about these new technologies, these same technologies frighten others. (P59)尽管许多人对这些新技术感到兴奋，而其他人则对这些同样的技术感到害怕。
【例句研读】The high prices have frightened off many customers.
高昂的价格
。
②Keep still, or you'll frighten the rabbit away.
别动，不然。
They frightened the old lady into signing the paper.
他们，使她签了这份文件。He was shaking with fright.
他。
She was frightened by the anger in his eyes.
她。
I was frightened of being left alone in the house.
我。
Mother's calm behavior made the frightened child quiet.
母亲沉着冷静的举动
安静了下来。
【自主归纳】frighten v.使惊吓，使惊恐→ adj. 令人害怕的→ adj. (人)感到害怕的→
n. 恐怖；惊吓
frighten away/off
frighten sb.into doing
frighten sb.to death
=(frighten sb. out of life)
be frightened to death
=(be frightened out of life)
be frightened with
be frightened of/by sth.
be frightened to do sth.
be frightened that(从句)...
【即时巩固】很明显，他们是要吓唬众人服从。
They were evidently trying to obedience.
②不要把价格提得太高，要不会把顾客吓跑的。
Don't put your prices too high or you'll.
③——你的表情为什么如此惊恐？——因为你戴着吓人的面具，差点把我吓死。—Why do you have a ___________look?
—Because you almost ____________me out of life by your ____________mask.
考点-9. profit
【教材原句】Research has been limited to increasing production profitsrather than making sure that GM foods are safe.(P59)目前的研究仅局限于增加生产利润，而不是确保转基因食品的安全。
【例句研读】There's no profit in running a cinema in this town.
在这个镇里电影。
He's getting married again, after two divorces, so he obviously hasn't profited by his experiences.
他两次离婚之后又结婚，显然没有。They make a profit of ten pence on every copy they sell.
他们每售出一本。
He profited greatly from his year abroad.
他。
【自主归纳】profit n. 利益；收益 vi.& vt.获益；对……有用
make a profitdo sth.for profit
gain much profit from
profit by sth.(无被动)profit from sth.
【即时巩固】There is very little ________ in selling newspapers at present.
A. advantage
B. mistake
C. drawback
D. profit
考点-10. permission
【教材原句】Since no one really knows whether GM food is safe, many countries have hesitated to give permission for the production of GM foods….(P59)
因为无人真正知道转基因食品是否安全，许多国家迟迟不许生产转基因食物。
【例句研读】部分The teacher gave me permission to go home early.
②Smoking is not permitted in this room.
③They don’t permit talking in the library.
④The policeman permitted him to park there.
⑤I’ll go to meet you if time permits.
⑥We’ll start tomorrow, weather permitting.
【自主归纳】permission n. 许可
permit vt.
permit doing sth.
permit sb. to do sth.
permit sb. sth.
without permission
ask (for) permission
with your permission
【即时巩固】Before building a house, you will have to _______ the government’s permission.
A. get from
B. follow
C. receive
D. ask for
②His father gave him an _______ of 1,000 pounds a year to help him finish his college education.
A. permission
B. permit
C. allowance
D. admission
③I am ______ to meet you, time _________.
A. likely; permits
B. probable; permitting
C. likely; permitting
D. possible; permits
④It’s illegal to read people’s private letters without .
A. pressure
B. reputation
C. standard
D. permission
考点-11. push ahead with
【教材原句】Some scientists are already pushing ahead with research in order to produce a cloned human baby.(P42)一些科学家正在加紧研究，以制造出克隆的人类婴儿。
【例句研读】It is hard to push ahead with such an unpopular policy.
这样一个不得人心的政策是很难。He repeatedly pushed forward his own claim.
他不断地。
Tom was pushed over by a strong boy.
汤姆被一个强壮的男孩。Why don't you push back your seat a little; it will help you to relax.
你为什么不把座位。那样会让舒服的。
⑤She pushed her way through the big crowd.
她从大量人流中。
⑥I wish she would stop annoying us and push off at once.
我但愿她不要再烦我们。He pushed aside the feeling of fear.
他把恐惧的感觉。
James did not push her into stealing the money.
詹姆士没有。【自主归纳】push ahead with义无反顾地进行，努力推进
push back 把……向后推，把……推回原处
push through使……通过，使……得到批准
push aside不考虑，避开，把……放到一边
push in推入
push off离开
push out拉出，排出
push sb./sth. over 使某人/某物倒下或推翻
①Why don't you
your seat a little; it will help you to relax.
②It is hard to
such an unpopular policy.
③She
her way
the big crowd.
④I wish she would stop annoying us and
.
⑤You switch on the computer and then
the disk.
【即时巩固】The government decided to go on________ economic reforms in the next five years.
A. putting forward with
B. going ahead with
C. pushing ahead with
D. accelerating the pace of
②Encourage your children to try new things, but try not to
them too hard.
A. draw
B. strike
C. rush
D. push
③It is suggested that the wall __________to build a new street.
A. should push in
B. be pushed in
C. should push over D. be pushed over
考点-12. show respect for
【教材原句】However, some people believe that cloning human embryos with the intention of destroying them shows no respect for human life.(P42)但是，有些人认为怀着摧毁人类胚胎的意图来克隆人类胚胎是对人类生命的不尊重。
【例句研读】We should show respect for our parents.
我们我们的父母。They have great respect for his ability.
他们他的才能。
The two groups were similar with respect to income and status.
这两组是相似的。
I want him to respect me as a career woman.
我希望他。
It is worth remembering that children tend to copy their parents in this respect.
值得记住的是孩子们往往会效仿父母。
【自主归纳】show respect for
have respect for
with respect to
in this respect
respect vt.
【即时巩固】完成句子
我非常尊重你的哥哥。
I have ___________________________ your brother.
他根本不尊重她的感情。
He showed ______________________ her feelings.
在这方面我们是很幸运的。
______________________ we are very fortunate.
-13. for sale
【教材原句】Human life would just become a crop to be harvested or a product for sale.
【例句研读】The local people made fancy straw hats for sale.
当地居民制作花式草帽。
We have many types of cosmetics for sale.
我们有许多种化妆品。Many sweet food are on sale in the store.
这家商店多种甜食。
I'm sorry this painting is not for sale.
很抱歉这幅画是。
Every time Tom makes a sale he gets $50 commission.
汤姆每
会得到50美元的佣金【自主归纳】for sale
on sale
white sale
short sale
make a sale
【即时巩固】妻子去世后他就不打算住在那里了，因此马上着手要将其卖掉。
He had never intended living there after his wife's death and immediately set about trying to .
②他的旧居要以 49.5 万英镑的价格出售。
His former home is
at £495,000.
③英语教材和词典到处都有卖的。
English textbooks and dictionaries are
everywhere...
④他在高英斯男装店买了一件打折的运动上衣。
He bought a sports jacket
at Gowings Men's Store.
考点-14. take ... into consideration
【教材原句】In summary, I insist that you take the opinions of the people of the UK into consideration, and end this practice immediately.
【例句研读】She's under a lot of stress，and you have to take that into consideration.
她压力特别大，你得。The proposals are still under consideration.
那些提议。
He never has consideration for his wife's needs.
他从来不。
He turned back in consideration of the worsening weather.
他而返回.
Try to show a little more consideration for others.
尽力
。
⑥I stayed at home all day out of consideration for my sick wife.
，我整天留在家中。
【自主归纳】认真考虑，考虑到考虑到；作为对……的回报为别人着想【即时巩固】After he took the serious situation ________consideration，he made up his mind to look into the matter ________person.
A. intoin
B. to; by
C. through; under
D. by; into
②Everything ________ into consideration, they ought to have another chance.
A. to take
B. taken
C. to be taken
D. taking
③There being no witness on the spot, the police were delayed by the ________of information about the crime.
A. analysis
B. disappearance
C. absence
D. consideration
考点-15. in favour of
【教材原句】Would anyone say that development should be stopped in favour of nature?
【例句研读】The decision went in his favour.
②Could you do me a favour and turn off the light?
③Could you do me the favour to pick up Sam from school today?
④Everyone in the class voted in favour of the sports meeting.
⑤May I ask a favour of you？【自主归纳】in sb.'s favour
do sb.a favour ＝ do a favour for sb.
do sb.a favour and do sth.
ask a favour of sb.
in favour of
类似于in favour of结构的短语in charge of负责in consideration of考虑到；由于
in memory of为纪念in honour of为向……表示敬意；为庆祝；为纪念
in search of(为了)寻找、寻求in sight of能看见；在……视力范围内
in control of控制in praise of表扬；赞赏
in place of代替；取代in need of需要【即时巩固】①You are really very kind. I’ll never forget the _____ you have done to me.
A. favour
B. deed
C. help
D. good
②(2017高考湖北卷)When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside ________ younger men.
A. in terms of
B. in need of
C. in favor of
D. in praise of
考点-16. point of view
【教材原句】From the point of view of some people, we are only doing what humans have always done, using nature to meet our own needs. (P58)【例句研读】From my point of view(In my opinion /In my view / As far as I'm concerned), we should pay
more attention to the safety of schoolchildren.
，我们应该更关注在校儿童的安全问题。
②In view of the weather，we will cancel the outing.
，我们要取消此次郊游。
In my view and in the view of most people，it's a very sound investment.
，这是很可靠的投资。We take the view that it would be wrong to interfere.
我们
干涉是错误的She doesn’t view herself as a success.
他
。
⑥From his position on the cliff top, he had a good view of the harbour.
他位於悬崖顶上，。
【自主归纳】依
依看得清清楚楚take the view that…
have strong view(about sth.)(对某事)have different/opposing views
【即时巩固】________the majority, Clinton was a successful president.
A. From the point of view
B. In view of
C. In the view of
D. On view
②(2010高考山东卷) If we sit near _______ front of the bus, we’ll have _______ better view.
A.不填；the
B.不填；a
C. the; a
D. the；the考点-1. on the one hand ... on the other hand ...句型
【教材原句】On the one hand, some scientists point out that if you clone an embryo, you can produce valuable human tissues — such as bone or lung tissue — that could be used to save human lives. On the other hand, ...一方面，一些科学家指出如果克隆人类胚胎，你就可以制造出宝贵的人体组织——如骨组织或肺组织——它们可以用来拯救人类的生命。另一方面……
【句法分析】on the one hand ...
on the other hand ... 一方面……，另一方面……【】on the one hand ...
on the other hand ... 一方面……，另一方面……on the other hand ...”也可以单独使用。表达此意的还可以用：for one thing… for another…
【即时巩固】I know my job isn’t well paid, but ________ I don’t have to work long hours.
A. in other words
B. on the other hand
C. for one thing
D. as a matter of fact
②They didn't buy the car.________，they didn't like its color；________，it was too expensive.
AFor one thing; for another
B. For one thing; but also
C. On the one hand; for another hand
D. For the one hand; on the other hand
考点-. as well as
【教材原句】In China, scientists have focused their efforts on cloning animals, as well as cloned tissues to be used in medical treatment. (P42)【句法分析】as well as【】as well as”连接的两个主语时的主谓一致问题以及as well 用于句末，表示“也”。
【即时巩固】The basketball coach, as well as his team , ______interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.
A. were
B. was
C. is
D. are
②—I heard that the famous player______ his coach would come to our school for a visit.
—I heard the news________.
A. and；too
B. as well as；as well
C. as well as；as well as D. with；either
③013高考福建卷)The famous musician, as well as his students, _______ to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2017 Taipei Flower Expo.
A. were invited
B. was invited
C. have been invited
D. has been invited
考点-3. “主语be+形容词(for sb.)+不定式”句型
Therefore, we cannot confirm that food from cloned animals is really safe for humans to eat.(P57)
所以，我们不能确定从克隆动物身上得来的食物人吃起来是否真的安全。【句法分析】“主语＋be＋形容词＋(for sb.)＋不定式”是常用句型。此种情况下，主语与不定式之间有逻辑上的关系，不定式一般采用形式。
【】常用于这个句型的形容词：easy, difficult, hard, fit, pleasant, boring, interesting等。
His story is interesting to understand.＝It is interesting to understand his story.
他的故事理解起来很有趣。
当不定式是不及物动词时，则需要根据动词和主语之间的逻辑关系加上适当的介词。
Hangzhou is comfortable for us humans to live in.＝It is comfortable for us humans to live in Hangzhou.杭州是我们人类居住的好地方。
【即时巩固】(2017高考浙江卷) No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when it 's better ______ silent.
A. remain
B. be remaining
C. having remained
D. to remain
②In many people's opinion, that company, though relatively small, is pleasant ________.
A. to deal with
B. dealing with
C. to be dealt with
D. dealt with
考点- 否定词与形容词或副词比较级连用Nowhere is this truer than with genetically modified food. (P59)转基因食品就是最好的例子。
【句法分析】本句中的nowhere 与形容词比较级连用表示最高级含义。【】否定词与形容词或副词比较级连用可表示。
【即时巩固】(2010高考全国卷II)Mr. Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been
.
A. popular
B. more popular
C. most popular
D. the most popular
②(2017高考天津卷)—You have to believe in yourself. No one else will, if you don’t.
—__________. Confidence is really important.
It’s not my cup of tea
B. That’s not the point
C. I don’t think so
D. I couldn’t agree more