2017届高考英语一轮复习精品资料(译林牛津版)——模块七 Unit 4 (讲练篇)
Unit 4 Public transportation
一、重点词汇
考点-. convey
【教材原句】Horse-drawn buses, trams, cabs and carriages were used to convey people to and around the city centre.马拉车、有电车、计程车和非机动车被用来将人们送往市中心及其周围一带。
【例句研读】①Our facial expressions convey our emotions, such as anger, or joy, or disappointment
我们的面部表情，如愤怒、喜悦或失望。
②Words can't convey how delighted I am!
话语我是多么高兴！
③Would you please convey my good wishes to your mother?
请向你母亲，好吗？This train conveys both passengers and goods.
这列火车。
A taxi conveyed us to the railway station.
一辆出租车。
Air is the medium by which sound waves are conveyed.
空气是声波
。
【自主归纳】convey one's feelings
convey one’s emotions
convey news/information to sb.
convey meanings
convey sb.sth./convey sth.to sb.
conveys passengers /goods
【即时巩固】
①I was so excited at the news that I could hardly ________ my feelings in words.
A. carry B. convey
C. survey
D. communicate
②What is it that the author wants to ______to his readers through the story?
A. send
B. convey
C. take
D. talk
考点-. postpone
【教材原句】However, new trains had to be developed and the plan required raising a large amount of money, so the digging was postponed until 1860.但是，新式列车得加以研发，并且这个计划需要筹集大量的资金，所以地下隧道的挖凿被推迟到1860年。
【例句研读】①I got everything ready yesterday，but only to learn that the summer camp was postponed.
昨天我做好了一切准备，却没想到。
②They postponed making a decision and we just had to wait.
他们，那我们就只能等了。
③The sports meeting will be postponed to the following Saturday because of the rain.
由于下雨，运动会。【自主归纳】postpone (doing) sth.
postpone sth.to/until ...
delay, postpone, put off
三者均可表示将某事推迟到原订时间之后的某一时间进行，其后可接名词或动名词(但一般不接不定式)。为了表明推迟到何时，可用介词 to, till, until 等。They
leaving. 他们推迟动身。 He decided to
his holiday
next month.他决定把假期推迟到下个月。几点区别delay 除表示推迟日期外，还可表示暂时阻挠或阻挡，因此有“耽搁”、“拖延”等意。如： The heavy rain . 大雨耽搁了我的行程。postpone 和 put off 主要用于延期，两者常可换用，只是后者较通俗和口语化；但是 put off 有时以人作宾语，表示借辞推脱或搪塞某人、推迟或取消与某人的约会、使某人不高兴或反感、打扰某人、让某人下车等，此时不宜用 postpone。He tried to
with more promises. 他想用更多的诺言来敷衍我。We’ve invited friends to dinner and it’s too late to
now.
我们已邀请朋友来吃饭，现在取消来不及了。 Don’t be
by the title－it’s a really good book. 别介意这书名不好，它真是本好书。 Don’t when I’m trying to concentrate.我正要集中注意力呢，别打扰我。
注：delay 也可以人作宾语，但强调的是耽搁某人的时间 I
by the traffic. 因交通堵塞，我迟到了。
delay 除用作动词外，还用作名词，其余两者不用作名词。如： We must leave . 我们必须马上离开。 That is the reason of my
your letter. 这就是我迟迟不给你复信的缘故。
注：名词 delay 后可接 in doing sth，但不接 of doing sth 或不定式。【即时巩固】
①It was an unpopular decision to ________ the new hospital.
A. postpone to build
B. postpone building
C. put off to build
D. decide building
②After the earthquake, to make sure that rescue work could be carried out as smoothly as possible, the premier
his visit to that country.
A. put away
B. put off
C. put up
D. put down
③—Why were you late for such an important concert?
—The plane arrived at the airport after a ________of three hours.
A. delay
B. rest
C. tour
D. request
考点-. undertake
【教材原句】Having seen the situation, a wealthy American businessman, Charles Yerkes, undertook improving the system in 1902 by obtaining ownership of the many different lines and setting up the Underground Electric Railways Company of London. (P51)看到这种情况，一名叫查尔斯·耶基斯的美国富商于1902年承担起了改善地铁系统的工程，他买下了许多不同的地铁线，创立了伦敦电力地铁公司。
【例句研读】①The company has announced that it will undertake a full investigation into the accident.
公司已经宣布将这次事故。
②She undertook responsibility for the changes.
她做出这些改变的责任。
③He undertookto finish the job by Friday.
他这一工作。【自主归纳】undertake a task
undertake an attack
undertake to do sth.
undertake that ...
undertook the responsibility of doing sth.
【即时巩固】
①—John, would you lend me some money?
—Unless you ________ to pay the money back within six months.
A. understand
B. undertake
C. underplay
D. underline
②________ the situation, Charles Yerkes undertook _______ the system in 1902 by obtaining ownership of many different lines.
A. Seeing, improving
B. Seen , improved
C. To see, to improve
D. Having seen, to improve
考点-4. enlarge
【教材原句】After World War Ⅱ ended in 1945，more people travelled on the undergroundso the system was enlarged and more lines were added including the Victoria Line，which was linked with other lines at almost every station.()1945年第二次世界大战结束后，更多的人乘坐地铁，于是又增建了更多的地铁线路，其中包括维多利亚线，它所有的站几乎都和其他线相连。
【例句研读】You must do more reading as it will enlarge your vocabulary.
你必须多读，因为阅读。
I asked the photographer to enlarge the picture.
我请摄影师。He refused to enlarge on his reasons for leaving his job.
他拒绝他辞职的原因。
【自主归纳】enlarge one’s horizon
扩大词汇量放大照片详述enlarge是由前缀en (使……)和形容词large构成的动词。英语中常见的以en为前缀的动词有：enable使能够，enrich使丰富， endanger使遭遇危险， ensure保证，确保， encourage使有勇气，鼓励。
-6.expand
【即时巩固】
①We’ll go through the test of vocabulary while studying English. Try to
yours by reading.
A. expand
B. enlarge
C. extend
D. increase
②You will _______ your health if you work so hard, eat a little food and sleep badly．
Afail
B. improve
C. help
D. endanger
③Over the years the European Union has made great efforts to _______ the safety of food and protect the health of its people.
A. discover
B. ensure
C. revise
D. react
考点-5.split
【教材原句】We could split up into groupsand come at different times.(P57)
我们可以分成小组，在不同的时间来参观。
【例句研读】They split up into two teams to play against each other.
他们进行比赛。
⑤She split the class into groups of four.
她按四人一组。
在录制完唱片Let It Be后,披头士乐队就
。
⑦The teacher has to split up the two students as they are always talking in class.
老师，因为他们总是上课说话。
Business history split off from economic history in the U.S.A. in 1920s.
在二十世纪20年代美国。【自主归纳】……分开
分成；使分裂成
从……分离/分化出来；从……分裂出来
在两者之间分(享)某物
【即时巩固】
①When such an organized group became too large for its members to travel together comfortably, it would__________.
A. hurry up
B. split up
C. make up
D. pick up
②The two dogs started to fight, so we tried to _____ them.
A. split
B. separate
C. tear
D. divide
③According to research, children whose parents __________ are more likely to have difficulty __________ their studies.
A. split up; concentrating on
B. broke into; to focus on
C. gave up; concentration on
D. put into; focusing on
考点-. reservation
【教材原句】There are many flights to Dalian, and the city has good air connections with most large cities in China, but you need to make reservations in advance.有许多航班飞往大连，大连与中国的大多数大城市有良好的空中联系，但是你需要提前预订机票。
【例句研读】I’ve made a reservation for you on the morning flight.
我为你。
②He has reserved three tickets for London.
他已。
I have serious reservations about his ability to do the job.
我他有没有能力胜任这项工作。
We accepted their offer without reservation.
我们。
This section of the car park is reserved for visitors.
这个停车区是。
Keep some money in reserve, just in case.
，以防万一。
【自主归纳】reservation n. 预订，预约；保留意见→ v. 保留；预订；储备 n. 贮藏(物)；储备
预订毫无保留地某人某物备用【即时巩固】
①(2011高考福建卷)I’d prefer to________ my judgment until I find all the evidence.
A. show
B. express
C. pass
D. reserve
②(2017高考浙江卷)“ It's such a nice place,” Mother said as she sat at the table______ for customers.
A. to be reserved
B. having reserved
C. reserving
D. reserved
③As the family did not make a(n) _____ ahead of time, they had to wait at the restaurant in order to get a table.
A. approval
B. reservation
C. arrangement
D. enquiry
考点-. punctual
【教材原句】Sometimes the slow ferries are not very punctual and there may be long delays.有时候较慢的渡船不是很准时，可能会耽搁很长时间。【例句研读】①She is always punctual for every appointment.
她总是。
②I expect you to be punctual for meetings.
我希望你。
③We can not guarantee the punctual arrival of trains in foggy weather.
雾天我们不能担保火车。My English teacher is punctual to the minute. 我的老师很守时,。【自主归纳】punctual adj.准时的，守时的→ adv.准时地→ n. 准时，守时be punctual for ...
be punctual to the minute
介词短语：及时
准时 【即时巩固】
①The manager is always very _______ for appointments, which earns him a good reputation.
A. punctual
B. numb
C. allergic
D. content
②To be punctual________ the conference，they left on an early train this morning.
A. for
B. at
C. on
D. in
考点-.arise
【教材原句】The number of road accidents and the deaths arising from those accidents has increased over the past year. (P)在过去的一年里，道路事故及由此造成的死亡人数均有增长。
【例句研读】①We keep them informed of any changes as they arise.
如果，我们随时通知他们。
②Emotional or mental problems can arise from a physical cause.
身体上的原因可以。
③Many English words arise from Latin.
许多英语单词都。④He arose and walked to the door.
他
走到门口。
【自主归纳】arise from
相当于result from
arise vi.出现，产生，起身，起床
过去式过去分词rise vi.升起，升高
过去式 , 过去分词raise vt. 举起，提高，提出，抚养， 筹集
过去式 , 过去分词I thought it easy to do it, but a lot of new questions ____________.
②He ____________ his eyes from his work.
③The cost of living continues to __________.
④All the errors ___________your carelessness.
【即时巩固】
①(2009高考江西卷—What is the price of petrol these days.
—Oh, it ______ sharply since last month.
A. is raised
B. has risen
C. has arisen
D. is increased
②A completely new situation is likely to ________ when the middle school leaving age is raised to 16.
A. arouse
B. rise
C. arise
D. raise
③The traffic accident ______ his fast driving and he was badly hurt.
A. led to
B. arose from
C. resulted in
D. separated from
考点-9. violate
【教材原句】If you drive after you have consumed alcoholic drinks or are drunk，you are violating the law and risking your own life as well as the lives of others.()如果你酒后或醉酒开车，那么你是在犯法并且危及自己和他人的生命。
【例句研读】Companies that violate environmental laws will be heavily fined.
将被处以重罚。
She violated the terms of the contract repeatedly.
她三番五次地。
The driver was fined by the policeman for his violation of traffic regulations.
由于司机，警察。
Reading my diary is just to violate my privacy.
阅读我的日记就是
。
【自主归纳】violate vt.违犯，违反；侵犯violative adj.违犯的；违背的；违反的violation n. 违反；违背
violator n. 违背者；违反者
侵犯的隐私【即时巩固】完成句子
①她指责资讯摄影记者侵犯了她的隐私。
She accused the press photographers of________.
。So many people
that we cannot put too much emphasis on the importance of traffic safety.
考点-. load
【教材原句】Carrying more than a light load on your bicycle makes it more difficult to control. (P)
用自行车带上重物会使车子难以控制。
【例句研读】①These backpacks are designed to carry a heavy load.
这些背包是为而设计的。
②The good news took a load off my mind.
这个好消息让我。
③She loaded film into the camera.
她把照相机里。④Men are loading the truck with wood.
男人们正在把
。
⑤This cow has given me a load of trouble! 这头牛给我惹了麻烦！【自主归纳】load
n.负荷，负载；大量，许多v.装载，装上，装入a load of ＝ loads of大量的许多(修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词) a load off sb.'s mind
load ...with ...
load sth. into/onto …=load (up)…with sth 人们看到装载货物的飞机飞向北方。
The plane
goods was seen flying to the north.
②过去的那辆卡车装满了苹果。
The truck passing by apples.
③货车在仓库等着装载货物。
The trucks waited at the warehouse to pick up their .
④他们正在往卡车上装新鲜水果。
They are
the truck
fresh fruits.＝They are
fresh fruits
the truck.
【即时巩固】
①(2009高考山东卷)—He says that my new car is a ________ of money. — Don’t you think those words are just sour grapes?
A. lack
B. load
C. question
D. waste
The lorry, ________ bricks, has broken down suddenly in the middle of the bridge.
A. loaded up
B. loaded with
C. full with
D. filled of
考点-1. drop off
【教材原句】They pick up and drop off people at different stops on the route.(49)
它们在沿途不同的站点让乘客上车或下车。
【例句研读】Could you drop me off near the post office？你可以让我在邮局附近吗？
I had intended to drop in on you the next week.
我原本打算下周你的。
Research suggests that children whose parents split up are more likely to drop out of high school.
研究表明，父母离异的孩子更容易。
Why did you drop out in the middle of the marathon?
为什么你?
⑤I think such customs will soon drop away.
我想这些风俗不久
。
⑥After a full meal and drink, the guests drop away one by one.
酒足饭饱以后，
。
⑦On my way back, I dropped in at my brother’s house.
在我回来的路上，我。
【自主归纳】离开；散去顺便走访某人顺便走访某退学；退出 vt.中途下车或卸货；vi.下降；打瞌睡Traffic in the town has dropped off since the bypass opened.
这条旁道通车后，城里来往的车辆就。
Some people dropped off during the boring lecture.有些人在听这场枯燥的讲座时。【即时巩固】
You left your jacket，but I can drop it ________ on my way to work tomorrow.
A. awayB. offC. down
D. out
考点-. link up
【教材原句】Sixteen years later, in 1884, the Metropolitan Railway company and the Metropolitan District Railway linked up and provided the underground service in the middle of the city. (P50)16年后,就是1884年,大都会铁路公司和大都会区铁路公司联合起来在城市中心提供地铁服务.
【教材原句】【例句研读】翻译句中划线部分Our struggle against imperialism is closely linked to that of the world’s people.
②We should link theory with practice.
③We link up with the company.
④The two companies linked up to hold a charity event.
【自主归纳】be linked to与……有关联
have a link with与……有关联
be linked with和……联系起来
be connected with/be concerned with与……有关link…with…把……和……联系起来
link up with和……连接起来
relate ... to/with... 把……与……联系起来in/with relation to关于；涉及，有关be related to=be relative to与……有关/联系/血缘关系【即时巩固】
①You'd better give up smoking, Tom, for many diseases are ________ to smoking, you know.
A. linked
B. led
C. exposed
D. blamed
②If you ________ the pieces of information, you will be clearer about what has really happened.
A. link up
B. link to
C. link with
D. link in
考点-.under (+the)+n.(+of)
【教材原句】The Underground Electric Railways Company of London, the Metropolitan Line and all the different bus and train lines were placed under the authority of the Board. (P)伦敦电力地铁公司、大都会支线以及所有不同的公交、列车线路都归该署掌管。
【教材原句】【例句研读】①The big company is under the authority of the young man.
这家大公司
。
②Two sections of Highway 101 are under repair.
101公路有两段。
③The plans have been under discussion(＝being talked about)for a year .
这些计划至今已。
④Under the circumstances，it seemed better not to tell him about the accident.
，不告诉他有关这次事故的情况似乎更好。
⑤He was under the influence of Professor Zhang. 他。
⑥We are building socialism under the leadership of the Party.
我们正在建设社会主义。
【自主归纳】under control of
under the impression
under the authority of
under the leadership of
under the influence of
under the circumstances
under no circumstances
(放在句首，
)
under the instruction of
under umbrella of
但是：在帮助下 with the help of/with the aid of /with the assistance of
【即时巩固】
①—Sorry, sir. I’m late.
—______ should you come to class late next time.
A. On all circumstance
B. In any circumstance
C. Under no circumstances
D. Under no circumstance
②It is still __________ whether the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.
A. under discussion
B. under repair
C. under discussing
D. out of question
③__________,
he caught up with others.
A. With the help of the teacher’s
B. With the teacher’s help
C. By the teacher’s help
D. On the teacher’s help
考点-.put off /put through
【教材原句】I would like to put your visit off until then as the annual Traffic Conference is coming up next week. (P57)我想把你们的参观推迟到那时候，因为每年都要举行的交通会议下周就要来了。OK, I will put you through to the receptionist and she can take down your details.(P57)
好吧，我给你接通接待员，她可以记下你的详细情况。【例句研读】①她老是拖延着不去看牙医。She keeps
going to the dentist.
②我马上为您接通电话。I will
the call
for you now.
③你让你的家人受了不少苦。You have
your family
a lot.
④今日事今日毕。
Never till tomorrow what you can do today.
⑤我们设法做成了这笔生意。We managed to
the deal
.
【自主归纳】给……接通(电话)；使经历；完成，使成功cancel是“
”的意思
常考的put词组还有：
容忍
put up with
提出；put forward
放在一边
put aside
收拾(东西) 节省或存储
put away
穿戴，上演
put on
放回，(钟表指针)
put back
扑灭(火)，熄灭
put out
建造，搭起举起，抬起挂上，张贴 put up把……写进(信函，故事等)put in结束某事put an end to sth.
举起，张贴；提供住宿put up
The concert had to be_________ because the main singer was ill.
②The boy_________ his textbooks and never reopened them.
③The boy washed the cups and _________ them_________.
④I cannot ______all this noise.
⑤The teacher _________many new suggestions on how to learn English.
⑥Finally, he successfully __________ the business deal.
⑦The boy _________ his coat _________ hurriedly and ran out of the house.
⑧The firemen soon_________ the fire.
⑨It’s time we _________ the Christmas decorations in the living room.
⑩When the others had gone, Mary
the furniture.
【即时巩固】
①(2009高考陕西卷A. notice was
in order to remind the students of the changed lecture time.
A. sent up
B. given up
C. set up
D. put up
②(2010 高考全国卷II) My mother opened the drawer to _________ the knives and spoons.
A. put away
B. put up
C. put on
D. put together
③(2011高考新课标卷) I can
_____ the house being untidy, but I hate it if it’s not clean.
A. come up with
B. put up with
C. turn to
D. stick to
④ (2017高考课标卷I)At the last moment, Tom decided to
a new character to make the story seem more likely.
A. put up
B. put in
C. put on
D. put off
考点-.speed up
【教材原句】Newsflash: A new service has just opened between Beijing and Dalian and this has speeded up travel between the two cities.资讯快讯：在北京和大连之间刚刚开通了一项新的服务，这加速了两个城市之间的旅行。
【例句研读】①Plenty of fresh air and exercise will speed up his recovery.
充足的新鲜空气和体育锻炼将。
②They have speeded up their construction of the new building.
他们这座新楼的建造速度。③The car is running at full speed.
这辆车。
【自主归纳】at high/low/full/top speed
at a speed of ...
with all speed
reduce speed
pick up speed
【即时巩固】
①Harry, why are you driving so slowly？Do ________a bit or we’ll never get home before dark.
A. turn up
B. pay up
C. speed up
D. call up
He is driving ______ a speed of 100 kilometers per hour
A. in
B. with
C. at
D. for
二、经典句型
考点-.分词作状语
【教材原句】Having seen the situation, a wealthy American businessman, Charles Yerkes,
improving
the system.(P51) 看到这种情况，一名叫查尔斯· 耶基斯的美国富商于1902年承担起了改善(地铁)系统的工程。
【句法分析】【】
非谓语 与逻辑主语(即句子的主语)的关系 与谓语动作的时间 doing(一般式)作状语
having done(完成式)
作状语
having been done(完成被动式)作状语
done(过去分词)作状语 【即时巩固】_______ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we changed our dog.
A. Being bitten
B. Bitten
C. Having bitten
D. To be bitten
②In April, 2009, President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao,
the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.
A. marking
B. marked
C. having marked
D. being marked
③________ at the cafeteria before, Tina didn’t want to eat there again. A. Having eaten
B. To eat
C. Eat
D. Eating
考点-.表示“建议”的常见句型【教材原句】Why not take a trip on the oldest underground system today? (P51) 那么，今天为什么不乘坐世界上最古老的地铁观光一番呢？
【句法分析】Why not do sth.？是Why don't you do sth.？的省略形式，表示提出建议或劝告。Why not？有两层含义：一则表示对对方的说法进行反向“为什么不……呢”；二则表示乐意接受对方的邀请，意为“当然；好啊”。
【】表示“建议”的常见句型Let's do ... 。
Shall we do ...?
？
Would you like to do ...？？
Will you please do ...？ ？
What (How) about doing ...？？
参看：模块六Unit 3 Understanding each other中的1.why don’t you do…
【即时巩固】’m afraid not.
②—__________?
—That would be great! Please drop me off at the library.
A .Could you bring me the bill
B. Would you like me to give you a lift
C. Could you tell me the postcode for Patia
D. Would you like to have my e-mail address.
③—Shall we go for a drinking at one o'clock this afternoon?
—_________.Will two o'clock be OK?
A. Sure ,it's up to you
B .Sure, no problem
C .Sorry, I can't make it
D. Sorry, I'm not available today
考点-.What is/was...like句型
【教材原句】What was the London Underground like in 1863？(P52)1863年伦敦的地铁状况怎么样？
【句法分析】What is/was sth./sb.like？意思为“某物(人)是什么样子？”可以用来询问天气情况、事物的性质、质量、特征等，有时候要求对事物作详细的描述。
明天的天气如何？What is the weather like tomorrow？
【考点聚焦】①What is sb.like？可以用来询问一个人的外貌特征、个性、品质；
②What does sb.look like？只能询问一个人的外貌；
③How do you like/find＋宾语？＝What do you think of＋宾语？意思为“你觉得……怎么样？”
【即时巩固】你女朋友长得怎么样？—？
她很高、很漂亮。—She is tall and pretty.
②那个婴儿长得怎么样？—？
他长得像他爸。—He looks like his father.
③你觉得这部电影怎么样？—？
它很搞笑。—It's very funny.考点-.动词+it+形容词+动词不定式
【教材原句】Carrying more than a light load on your bicycle makes it more difficult to control【句法分析】此句是make it +adj. + (for sb.) to do sth.句型。在此结构中，it是形式宾语，此结构中真正的，而形容词充当了宾语成分，尤其是当太长时，常采用it作形式。
【】【即时巩固】①The fact that she was foreign made _______difficult for her to get a job in that country.
A. so
B. much
C. that
D. it
②No matter where he is, he makes _____a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.
A. him
B this
C. that
D. it