2017届高考英语一轮复习精品资料(译林牛津版)——模块八 Unit 1 (讲练篇)
Unit 1 The written word
一、重点词汇
考点- 1. adaptation
【教材原句】Three years later, in 1998, a modern adaptation of Charles Dichens’s novel Great Expectations appeared in cinemas.(P2) 三年后的1998年，根据查尔斯﹒狄更斯的小说《远大前程》改编的现代版影片在电影院上映。
【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分，注意adaptation的意义
①He made a quick adaptation to the new environment.
②This is an adaptation for children of the play King Lear by Shakespeare.
③The adaptation is easier to understand than the original one.
【答案】①很快适应
②为儿童改编的
③改写本
【自主归纳】
adaptation n. →adapt v. →adaptable adj.
be adaptable to能适应……
使(自己)很快适应……adapt/adjust(oneself) quickly to/ make a quick adaptation to
【教材原句】Why else would many films adapted from them be successful? (P2)还有，为什么许多根据经典文学作品改编的电影可以大获成功呢？
从……改编而来(be) adapted from
为……改写/改编改编自……adapt…for…/be adapted for
参看模块六Unit 2考点-3. adapt
【即时巩固】用上述词组完成下列句子（注意动词形式变化）
①Recently three of her novels
television.
②As soon as he got there, he
the new climate.
③This film
Zhang Ailing’s novel.
④The textbooks
children will come out next month.
⑤The birds have proved
changing forest conditions.
【答案】①have been adapted for
②adapted (himself) quickly to/made a quick adaptation to
③is adapted from
④adapted for
⑤to be adaptable to
考点- 2. else
【教材原句】Why else would many films adapted from them be successful? (P2)还有，为什么许多根据经典文学作品改编的电影可以大获成功呢？
【例句研读】用不定代词/疑问代词/疑问副词+else转换下列句子的划线部分
①All the other persons will join in the game except you.
②Do you want any other thing to say?
③It’s not my bag. It must be another person’s.
④The book isn’t here. In what other place should I look?
⑤He came to see you. For what other reason would he come?
⑥After I’d thanked them I didn’t know what other things to say.
【自主归纳】
else 是个副词，与不定代词或副词（以-one,-body,-thing,-where结尾的词）连用，表示“另外”、“其它”的意思，用于这些词后面。不定代词+else的所有格为在else后面加“’s”。
Would you like something else to drink? 你还要喝点别的什么吗？
We went to the park and nowhere else. 我们到公园去了，其它什么地方也没去。 else 还可用在疑问代词或副词（如：who ,what ,where等）后面表示强调。
Who else will go to the meeting ? 还有谁要去参加会议的？
What else would you do ? 你还有什么别的事要做吗？
else 还常用于固定结构or else ,意为“否则”、“要不然”
Run ,or else we’ll be late. 快跑，不然我们就迟到了。
①我们必须另外找人来做这项工作。
We must find somebody else to do the work.
②我还能有别的方式可以向她道歉吗？
How else can I make an apology to her?
③上个星期天她除了做了点家庭作业外，别的什么也没有做。
Last Sunday she did nothing else but do his homework.
④尽量把过程说得越简单越好，不然他们不会明白的。
Keep the process as simple as possible or else they just won't understand.
⑤他错把别人的书当成自己的书拿走了。
He took someone else’s book in mistake for his own.
【即时巩固】单项选择题
①Hurry, _______ you'll be late.
A. other than
B. or rather
C. rather than
D. or else
②I don’t think we’ve met before. You’re taking me for ______.
A. some other
B. someone else
C. other person
D. one other
考点- 3.abuse
【教材原句】Pip's sister often abuses him, but Joe is a kind and simple man who would rather die than see any harm come to Pip. (P3)皮普的姐姐常虐待他，但乔却是一个淳朴善良的人，他宁愿死也不愿意看到皮普受到任何伤害。
【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子
①Prisoners reported being regularly abused by their guards.
囚犯们举报说他们遭到了看守
。
②They were accused of abusing their power to keep prices artificially high.
他们
，人为地太高物价。
③He was fined $ 10,000 for verbally abusing the judge.
他因
被罚款10,000美元。
④Pip is often abused by his older sister.
皮普经常遭到
。
【自主归纳】
abuse除了用作动词外，还可以作名词用，构成短语“be an abuse of 滥用……；对……的辜负”；它的形容词形式为“abusive辱骂的，恶语的；胡乱的；虐待的”。
abuse one's power滥用权力
an abuse of one’s position as manager滥用经理职权
alcohol/tobacco/drug abuse酗酒/嗜烟/滥用毒品
①He greeted me with a stream of abuse.
他一见我就破口大骂。
②He did not fulfill the task on time, which was an abuse of my trust.
他没有按时完成这项任务，真是辜负了我的信任。
③The guests were shocked by his abusive language.
客人们为他的粗言秽语所震惊。
【即时巩固】单项选择题
①The child was ________ both physically and mentally. He couldn't stand it any more and ran away.
A. abused
B. attacked
C. treated
D. received
②Some government leaders ________ their power to get illegal profits for themselves. And none of them could escape justice.
A. overlook
B. take
C. employ
D. abuse
【答案】D
【教材原句】Pip, who is seven years old when the story begins, is in a foggy cemetery when a desperate criminal appears and frightens him.(P3)故事开始时，七岁的皮普正在一个浓雾笼罩的墓地中。这时一个穷凶极恶的罪犯突然出现并恐吓他。
【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子
①The prisoner grew increasingly desperate.
犯人
而越来越胆大妄为。
②The children are in desperate deed of love and attention.
这些孩子
爱和关怀。
③He was desperate for work to provide for a large family.
他
，以挣钱供养一个大家庭。
【自主归纳】
desperate adj.铤而走险的，拼命的，绝望的；极度渴望的；非常需要的
be desperate for sth. 渴望某物
be desperate to do sth. 渴望做某事
表示渴望/迫切希望做某事/得到某物的常用短语：
be anxious to do sth./ be anxious for sth.
be eager to do sth./ be eager for sth.
be dying to do sth./ be dying for sth.
long to do sth./ long for sth.
desire to do sth./ desire for sth.
【即时巩固】单项选择题
①The situation is becoming worse, and troops are needed to help send food into the areas where people are in _________ need.
A. appropriate
B. desperate
C. adequate
D. abrupt
②Hearing the ________ cry for help, out rushed the brave young man without wearing his coat in such cold weather.
A. curious
B. gentle
C. madly
D. desperate
【答案】D
【解析】选。句意：听到有人拼命地呼救，那个勇敢的年轻人在如此冷的天气里没穿外套就冲了出去。desperate绝望的，拼命的；curious好奇的；gentle温柔的；madly疯狂地。
考点- 5. generous
【教材原句】There is a twist in the plot when a very generous stranger gives Pip a large fortune.(P3)
当一位非常慷慨的陌生人给了皮普一大笔钱的时候，故事情节发生了曲折变化。
【例句研读】翻译下列各句
①She was always very generous in her charity.
。
②It was generous of her to contribute such a large sum.
。
③In that country, people are usually generous with their time.
。
④He is always generous to those who need help.
。
【自主归纳】
对于……很慷慨/对于……不吝啬be generous with
在……方面慷慨be generous in(doing)sth.
对某人很慷慨be generous to sb.
某人真慷慨/宽宏大量做某事It's generous of sb.to do sth.
【即时巩固】单项选择题
He didn’t selfishly keep for himself the money inherited from his uncle. Instead, he made a
contribution to help the community.
A. commercial
B. generous
C. comparable
D. profitable
考点- 6. vain
【教材原句】Money and education, however, change him, and before long he becomes vain and ashamed of his background.(P3)然而，金钱和教育改变了他，不久后他变得虚荣，对自己的出身感到羞愧。
【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子
①She is a vain woman.
她是个
。
②He is vain of his learning.
他对自己的学问
。
③All the police's efforts to find him were in vain.
警察想尽各种各样的办法要找到他，但是所有的努力
。
④They tried in vain to persuade him to give up smoking.
他们极力劝说他戒烟，但
。
【自主归纳】
vain adj.虚荣的，自负的；徒劳的，无结果的
对……感到自负(或贬义的骄傲)be vain of
徒劳，徒然，白费力气地in vain
徒劳的尝试/努力a vain attempt/effort
【即时巩固】完成句子
①成功后，他变得自负起来。
After his success, he
.
②我们所有的努力都付之东流了，也就是说我们又失败了。
All our efforts were
； that is to say, we failed again.
【答案】①became vain ②in vain
考点- 7. resist
【教材原句】Fagin and his group of criminals find him and drag him back into the life of crime, pressuring him with the threat of violence if he resists.(P9)费金和他的犯罪同伙找到了他并拉他重新犯罪。如果他拒绝，就用暴力威胁逼迫他。
【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子
①Make sure you resist the urge to answer every message you receive.
务必要
收到每一条短信你都要回复的
。
②She tried hard to resist the temptation of delicious food in order to keep slim.
为了保持苗条身材她极力
。
③She couldn't resist showing off her new skirt.
她
她的新裙子。
④I prefer the plants that are resistant to bad climate.
我比较喜欢那些
的植物。
【自主归纳】
resist v. 反抗，抵制，抵挡；使不受……的伤害；忍住
resistant adj.抵抗的，有抵抗力的；阻止的
resistance n. 反抗；抵制
抵制诱惑resist the temptation
抵制做某事，抵住做某事的诱惑/欲望resist doing sth.
忍不住做某事(=can’t help doing sth.)/无法抗拒做某事的诱惑can't resist doing sth.
(注意：resist表示“忍住”，常与表否定意义的can’t/can hardly/be not able to连用，resist之后常接名词、代词或动名词，而不接不定式。)
对……有抵抗力；抵制……be resistant to sth.
【即时巩固】单项选择题
①The MP4 was so beautiful and it happened to be 40% off, so I couldn't resist ________ it.
A. to buy
B. buying
C. to be bought
D. being bought
②She ________ the temptation to buy a coat she could not afford.
A. challenged
B. obstructed
C. contradicted
D. resisted
考点- 8.rescue
【教材原句】My favourite character in ‘The Attic’ is Stuart, who comes to her rescue and adds some comedy to this otherwise dark tale.(P12)在小说《阁楼》中我最喜欢的人物是斯图尔特。他来营救她并给故事增加了喜剧色彩，否则这将是一个灰色的故事。
【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子
①In order to rescue the drowning child, he lost his precious life.
为了
，他献出了宝贵的生命。
②At the Global Climate Summit experts appealed to people to rescue many species from extinction.
在全球气候峰会上，专家们呼吁人们
。
③He got a firm hold of a branch until we came to his rescue.
他紧紧抓住一根树枝直到我们
。
【自主归纳】
rescue n. & vi.& vt. 救援，营救
从……中援救/救出…… rescue ...from ...
救援某人，帮助某人come/go to one's rescue
【即时巩固】单项选择题
①The helicopter soon arrived at the scene of the accident to _______ the survivors.
A. organize
B. protect
C. rescue
D. command
②(2011上海卷) After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team _______ four days later.
A. rescued
B. was rescued
C. has rescued
D. had been rescued
考点- 9.reputation
【教材原句】Burns had a reputation for being funny and pleasant to be around.(P14)彭斯以有趣和优雅而闻名。
【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子
①This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.
这家商店因公平交易而
。
②Ji Xianlin earned a high reputation for his learning.
季羡林在学识方面
。
③He has a reputation for finishing work on time.
他按时完成工作
。
④This will ruin my reputation.
这个将会
。
⑤His works lived up to his reputation.
他的作品
。
【自主归纳】
有好/坏名声have a good/bad reputation
因……有名have a reputation for...
赢得/确立/树立声誉earn/build/establish a reputation
不负盛名；名不虚传；名副其实live up to one's reputation
有损/毁坏某人的名声damage/ruin sb.’s reputation
fame/reputation/honour辨析
fame n.声誉，名声，名誉。着重指好的名声；
reputation n.名誉，名声。通常指公众对某人的看法，这种看法可能是好的，也可能是坏的；
honour n.& v. 荣誉，敬意，崇敬。作为动词，意思是给……以荣誉，赏光；使感到荣幸。
①The soldiers knew that they were fighting for the honour of their country.
②The restaurant gained a reputation for bad food.
③She won overnight fame with her first novel.
④She had already begun to earn/build/establish a reputation as a writer.
She had already begun to win/achieve/gain fame
【即时巩固】单项选择题
①(2009安徽卷)China has got a good
for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organization.
A. reputation
B. influence
C. impression
D. knowledge
②(2010江苏卷) The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good
.
A. expectation
B. reputation
C. contribution
D. civilization
考点- 10.intend
【教材原句】The poem was published in 1794 and, like many of Burns's poems, it was intended to be a song.(P14)这首诗发表于1794年，和许多彭斯的诗歌一样，这首诗原是为歌咏而作。
【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子
①Green Maps is not specially intended for travelers.
环保地图并不是
。
②I had intended to catch the early train, but I didn't get up in time.
赶早班的火车，但没及时起床。
③It was meant to be an unexpected surprise; I didn't intend you to see it so soon.
这本是个意外的惊喜，我
这么早就看到的。
④The course is intended to help the beginners.
这门课程是
。
⑤I had no intension of changing my mind.
我
改变我的想法。
【自主归纳】
intend v.打算；计划；想要
intention n. 意图；目的；打算
intend that从句表示“建议；主张”(谓语动词须用should+do虚拟语气)
intend doing/to do sth.
打算做某事
intend sb. to do sth.
打算让某人做某事
had intended to do sth.=intended to have done sth. 本来打算做某事
为……打算()的
【即时巩固】单项选择题
①Who this project is intended ________are those disabled children in the countryside.
A. for
B. to
C. with
D. upon
②My father ________my brother for driving but he wanted to pick ________the knowledge of the computer during his spare time.
A. advised；up
B. persuaded；out
C. intended；up
D. managed；out
③Most highways are lined with billboards of advertisement, which __________by passing cardrivers.
A. are intending to read
B. are intended to be reading
C. are intending to reading
D. are intended to be read
考点- 11. compare
【教材原句】..., he compares the girl he loves to a red rose.(P15) ……他把他所爱的姑娘比作一朵红玫瑰。
【例句研读】翻译下列各句，注意compare的意义和搭配
①Compare your answers with those at the back of the book to see if they are right.
。
②My handwriting can not be compared with my father’s.
。
③Man’s life is often compared to a candle.
。
④The writer of the poem compares his lover to a red rose.
。
【自主归纳】
compare…to
将……比作……
把……与……比较/对比
compare…with…把……与……比较/对比
in comparison with与……比较
beyond compare/comparison无以伦比
【即时巩固】单项选择题
①(2009重庆卷)Michael’s new house is like a huge palace,
with his old one.
A. comparing
B. compares
C. to compare
D. compared
②(2011江苏卷)Recently a survey _________ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.
A. compared
B. comparing
C. compares
D. being compared
③(2017课标卷)Film has a much shorter history, especially when_
such art forms as music and
painting.
A. having compared to
B. comparing to
C. compare to
D. compared to
考点-12. have nothing to do with
【教材原句】Many people do not read them, because they think classics are old and boring and have nothing to do with life today.(P2) 许多人不读经典文学作品是因为觉得它们太古老，枯燥乏味，与今天的生活没有任何联系。
【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子
①Our decision has nothing to do with the fact that her father is on the committee.
我们的决定
。
②That has nothing to do with what we were discussing.
那
。
③That has something to do with what we are discussing.
那
。
④It's reported that the ship sinking in Shaoyang has much/a lot/a great deal to do with an overload.
据报道在邵阳沉没那艘轮船
。
⑤A key issue is cost : there is no something for nothing in international finance.
一个关键问题是成本：国际金融领域中没有任何
。
⑥Under the soil there is nothing but sand.
在这层土壤下边
。
⑦He was anything but a fool.
他
傻瓜。
⑧I was anything but happy about going.
我一点
。
⑨He did nothing but sleep all day long.
他
。
【答案】①我们的决定与她父亲是委员会成员没有关系。
②那与我们所讨论的问题毫不相干。
③那与我们正讨论的问题有关。
④据报道在邵阳沉没那艘轮船与超载有很大关系。
⑤一个关键问题是成本：国际金融领域中没有任何免费提供的东西。
⑥在这层土壤下边只有沙子。
⑦他根本不是个傻瓜。
⑧我一点也不愿意出去。
⑨他什么也不干，成天睡觉/除了成天睡觉什么也不做/就是成天睡觉。
【自主归纳】
与……有关系have something to do with
be related to
be concerned in/with
与……有很大关系have much/a lot/a great deal to do with...
与……没有关系have nothing to do with
免费for nothing
不过是，仅仅是，只是，只有 nothing but
除了……什么都是，根本不anything but
除了……什么也不做，只好做……do nothing but do
【即时巩固】单项选择题
①I spent the whole day repairing the motorbike. The work was _______ simple.
A. nothing but
B. anything but
C. something of
D. all except
②Alone in the lab on Sundays, the young scientist was so busy with his research work that he felt _____ but lonely.
A. nothing
B. all
C. anything
D. everything
考点- 13. have a place
【教材原句】They have not disappeared and still have a place in the world.(P2) 他们并没有消失，在当今世界仍占有一席之地。
【例句研读】译出划线部分，注意含有place短语的意义
①John is a man who is worthy to have a place in the team .
②When will the basketball game take place?
③No one knows who will take his place.
④She likes to have everything in place.
⑤It's out of place to ask him to stay with us for dinner.
⑥In the first place, we must build up confidence.
⑦In the last place, they drew a conclusion that you were wrong.
⑧Have you been to the Yunwu Mountain, which is a place of interest.
⑨Nowadays plastics have taken the place of wood, iron, and steel in many fields.
⑩I placed an order with them for 500 pairs of shoes.
【自主归纳】
发生，进行take place
起初，首先in the first place
最后in the last place
在适当的位置in place
不得其所的，不适当的out of place
名胜a place of interest
代替/取代take the place of(be in place of)/take one's place
向……订购某物place an order with…for sth.
【即时巩固】单项选择题
①His behavior at the party last night seemed rather_______. Many of us were quite surprised.
A. out of practice
B. out of place
C. out of order
D. out of pity
②While the computer becomes more and more powerful, I don’t think it will completely ________ teachers in class.
A. slow down
B. break away from
C. take place
D. take the place of
【答案】D
【解析】A放慢速度；B摆脱，脱离；C发生；D代替……的位置；句意：尽管计算机变的越来越有用，但是我认为它不可能彻底取代老师的作用。
③—Have you heard the story of The merchant of Venice?
—No. When and where does the story ______？
A. take up
B. take off
C. take on
D. take place
考点- 14. at a time
【教材原句】He first published many novels one chapter at a time in newspapers, and some were later performed on stage. (P2) 狄更斯最初将许多小说发表在报纸上，每次一章，有一些作品后来被搬上了舞台。
【例句研读】译出下列句子划线部分，注意at a time的意义
①We cannot do two things at a time.
②He was so tired that he slept for hours at a time.
③If you raise your hands, I’ll answer your questions one at a time.
【自主归纳】
①每次服两粒。Take the pills two at a time.
②这里曾经是一个非常美丽的山谷。This use to be a very pretty valley at one time.
③有时候我会想，这一切努力是否值得。At times I wonder if it’s worth all the efforts..
④我从来就没有告诉过你，说你可以用我的车。At no time did I tell you that you could use my car.
⑤我提前到达了那里。I got there ahead of time.
⑥任何时候你都可以用我的书房。You may use my library at any time.
⑦她一直哭着。She kept crying all the time.
⑧没有谁喜欢闹矛盾，但与此同时/尽管如此我们又不得不去处理矛盾。
No one likes conflict, but at the same time we have to deal with this problem.
【即时巩固】单项选择题
①_______ I was keen on jazz, but I seem to have lost interest in it now.
A. At a time
B. At one time
C. At no time
D. Of all time
②What a strange man! He loves his wife, but ________ he often beats her.
A. at a time
B. at one time
C. at times
D. at the same time
③_________ I used to go mountain—climbing every summer.
A. At a time
B. At the time
C. At one time
D. At times
考点- 15. be bent on (doing) sth.
【教材原句】Pip is bent on becoming a gentleman and winning Estella's love.(P3)皮普一心要成为一位绅士，赢得埃斯特拉的芳心。
【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子
①If you are bent on carrying out your plan, you should give your careful attention to it.
要是你
，你应该仔细考虑一下。
②She's bent on a career on the stage.
她
舞台生涯。
③He bent all his mind to studying.
他
学习。
④The tall man bent down to get through the doorway.
那位高个的男子
为了通过那道门廊。
⑤They refused to bend to the hijackers' demands.
他们
劫机者的要求。
【自主归纳】
屈服于……；顺从于……bend to...
弯腰bend down
专心于某事bend one's mind to sth.
倾心于某事be bent on sth.
一心(想要)想做某事be bent on (doing) sth.
决定/决心做某事：decide to do sth., make a decision to do sth., make one’s mind to do sth.,
determine to do sth., be determined to do sth.
专心致志于某事：be devoted to, b buried in, be absorbed in，be lost in, be addicted to
【即时巩固】单项选择题
①She is ________ on becoming a musician, so she has given up her other hobbies and is engaged in music.
A. bent
B. buried
C. devoted
D. kept
②The girl was bent
being engaged to the guy she loved deeply, but her parents wouldn’t approve
her.
A. on; of
B. to; of
C. on; for
D. to; for
考点- 16. live up to
【教材原句】However, if you liked the book, you should probably not be too eager to see the film, as it is not likely to live up to your great expectations.(P5)然而，如果你喜欢这本书，就不要急于看电影，因为它可能不会符合你的期望。
【例句研读】根据汉语提示完成句子
①他所做的不符合他的声誉。
What he did failed to
his reputation.
②如果她当年履行了自己的诺言，她就会进入耶鲁大学了。
Had she
her promise, she would have made it to Yale University.
③如果WTO不将有世界人口五分之一的国家纳入这一组织，那么它就名不副实。”
The WTO cannot
if it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.
④我们应该尽力去做以不辜负父母亲的期望。
We’ll do what we can to
.
【自主归纳】
live up to one’s reputation符合某人的声誉
live up to one’s promise
履行某人的诺言
live up to one’s name 名副其实
live up to one’s expectation不辜负某人的期望
live a/an… life
过……的生活
live on 以……为主食；靠……生活
live through
经历(灾难或困境)
live with与……住在一起；忍受
①The government has taken effective measures to
the financial crisis.
②These people
meat and milk.
③No matter how bad the situation may be, you must
it.
④They
happy
after their marriage.
【答案】①live through
③live on
③live with
④ lived. a…life
【即时巩固】单项选择题
①(2010湖北卷)Had she_________ her promise, she would have made it to Yale University.
A. looked up to
B. lived up to
C. kept up with
D. come up with
②As students, we should study hard and try our best to ________ our ideals.
A. live with
B. live up to
C. live through
D. live on
二、经典句型
考点-1.“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”复合结构
【教材原句】This makes them difficult for some people to read. (P2)这让一些人阅读起来有困难。
【句法分析】该句使用了“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语+for sb. to do”复合结构句型。在该句中，尽管后面的不定式与前面代词(them)构成动宾关系 ，但是该不定式通常用主动形式。尤其是用在“主语+be + adj.+ to do”（主语与不定式构成逻辑上的动宾关系）的句型中。
天气使我们的计划难以完成。The weather made the plan difficult for us to carry out.
他很难对付。He is difficult to deal with.
这则故事读起来很有趣。This story is interesting to read.
【考点聚焦】①make＋宾语＋宾补
那部电影使她成了明星。
The movie made her a star.
我们的老师使得我们感到更自信了。
Our teacher makes us feel more confident.
在交通嘈杂声中他无法使自己的声音提高到让别人听到的程度。
He couldn't make himself heard above the noise of the traffic.
②当宾语比较长时，常常用“make＋it＋宾补＋宾语”这一结构，it为形式宾语。
她明确表示反对。
He made it clear that he objected.
她一定要查清楚到底该谁负责。
She made it her business to find out who was responsible.
【即时巩固】单项选择题
①I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good
.
A. to be breathed
B. to breathe
C. breathing
D. being breathed
②In many people’s opinion, that company, though relatively small, is pleasant
.
A. to deal with
B. dealing with
C. to be dealt with
D. dealt with
③New technologies have made
possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.
A. that
B. this
C. one
D. it
【答案】BAD
考点-2.含蓄否定句
【教材原句】Pip’s sister often abuses him , but Joe is a kind and simple man, who would rather die than see any
harm come to Pip. (P3)皮普的姐姐经常辱骂他，但乔却是一个淳朴善良的人，他宁愿死也不愿
意看到皮普受到任何伤害。
【句法分析】本句中没有出现否定词，但是该句中“would rather… than…”意为“宁愿……而不……”，对“than”后的内容进行否定。我们把英语中并不使用否定词，但也能表达否定意思的句子称之为“含蓄否定句”。
【考点聚焦】常见的用固定句型来表示的含蓄否定句：
That is more than I can do.
我干不了那件事。
He is too young to carry so heavy a case. 他太小，搬不动这么重的箱子。
This is the last thing I would ever want to do.
这是我最不愿意做的事。
It is three years since he was a teacher.
他不当教师已经有三年时间了。
(在“It is +时间段+ since …”结构中，从句谓语是延续性动词时表示否定意义) You could have done the job better if you had put more time into it.
如果你多花点时间，你的工作会做得更好的。(言下之意：工作做得并不好。用肯定形式的虚拟语气可以表示实际的否定意义)
【即时巩固】单项选择题
①(2008江苏卷)It is _________ to spend money on preventing illness by promoting healthy living rather than spending it trying to make people _________ after they are ill.
A. good; good
B. well; better
C. better; better
D. better; good
②—Please sit down and have a break. You have been working on this machine nonstop for two hours.
—No，thanks.______.
A. I’m not in the least tired
B. I’m too tired to move
C. I’m not a little tired
D. I’m a bit tired
③—Isn’t Tom a student?
— ________, it is four years since he was a college student.
A. Yes, he is
B. No, he isn’t
C. Yes, he isn’t
D. No, he is
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——汤姆不是学生吗？——是的，他不是学生，他大学毕业四年了。对否定问句的回答，若答语是肯定的就用Yes，若答语是否定的就用No。若since后接延续性动词就译成“他不……多久了”。如It is three years since he lived here. 他不住在这(离开这里)三年了。
考点-3.get+done构成的被动句
【教材原句】Oliver gets arrested by the police and is taken to court.奥立弗被警察抓住并被带到法庭上。
【句法分析】本句中的gets arrested是“get＋过去分词”结构。该结构中get被用来代替助动词be和过去分词连用，构成被动结构，表示某一事件或事故的发生，着重强调动作。用于以下两种情况：
①谈论某人或某物的客观遭遇，往往表示一种突然的、未曾料到的偶发事件或事故。
I heard that his new car got stolen at the weekend. 听说他的新车在周末被偷了。
The tree got broken in the storm.这棵树在风暴中折断了。
②谈论设法或终于做到令人称心的事，此时说话者常含有较强的感情色彩。
In the end his novel got translated into French.最后他的小说终于被译成了法语。
【考点聚焦】常见的“get＋过去分词”有：
get hurt
受伤
get burnt
烧伤
get dressed
穿衣服
get fired
被解雇
get changed
换衣服
get paid
得到报酬
get lost
迷路
get drunk
喝醉了
[关键一点] “get＋过去分词”不能和表示一段时间的状语连用；“be＋过去分词”能和表示一段时间的状语连用。
【即时巩固】单项选择题
①Cleaning women in big cities get
by the hour.
A. pay
B. paying
C. paid
D. to pay
②Sarah，hurry up，I’m afraid you don’t have time to________.
A. get change
B. get changing
C. get to change
D. get changed
考点-4.双重否定句
【教材原句】Poetry is usually full of symbols ‘A Red, Red Rose’ is no different.(P15) 诗歌常常充满意象,《一朵红红的玫瑰》也不例外。
【句法分析】本句中“no”表示否定，而“different”有具有否定意义“不同的”。 英语中常可见到两个表示否定意义的词连用的情况，这一现象常我们称之为双重否定。这种句子形式上虽为否定，实则表示强烈的肯定语气。
【考点聚焦】英语双重否定句常见的有如下三种句型：
①否定词 no／not等＋表示否定意义的形容词。例如：
No way is impossible to courage．勇士面前无险路。
Nothing is unnecessary．没有什么是不必要的。
②否定词 no／not／never等＋without…
No smoke without fire·无风不起浪。
Nothing to be got without pains but poverty．只有贫穷是可以不劳而获的。
③否定词 no／not／never／nobody／few等＋具有否定意义的动词或短语。
There is no denying the truth．真理是不能否认的。
The embarrassing reply did not discomfort him．那令人尴尬的回答并没有使他难过。
【即时巩固】译出下列句子
①He has no small reputation as a scientist．
②It is not uncommon for students to have friendly relationship with their teachers．
③They never meet without quarreling．
④In spite of the increased debts，few fail to repay．
⑤We couldn’t have succeeded without your help．