一、魔法导航 句子成分构成了英语中各种各样的句子,但英语中最基本的句型只有五种,其 他各种句型都是由这五种基本句型转换而来的。五种基本句型如下: 1.主语+系动词+表语 本句型由“主语+系动词+表语”构成,主要用来说明主语的特征、状态、类 属和身份等。系动词可以分为以下几类: 1.表示特征和存在状态的:be、appear、feel、look、seem、smell、sound、 taste等; 2.表示状态延续的:remain、stay、keep、continue、stand等; ——基本句型，舍我其谁 3.表示状态变化的:become、get、go、turn、grow等。 典句引领 The peaches looked very nice and tasted very delicious.However,two days later they went bad and we were all very sad. 这些桃子看上去非常好看,尝起来很可口。但两天后,它们都变坏了。我们都 很伤心。 雕词琢句 (1)As far as I know, his English (已经很好了). 答案 has become/been very good (2)我们报纸上的“外国文化”这个栏目在我们学生中间非常受欢迎。(2015 课标全国Ⅰ)
答案 The “Foreign Cultures” section in our newspaper is very popular a- mong us students.
2.主语+不及物动词 本句型由“主语+不及物动词”构成,不及物动词后不能跟宾语,用来表示主语 的动作。主语可以有定语来修饰,不及物动词也可以有状语来修饰。 典句引领 I work in a computer firm.Every day I get up early in the morning.After breakfast, I go to work by bike.我在一家电脑公司工作。每天我都早早起床。早饭后,我 骑自行车去上班。 雕词琢句 (1)He (起床早)every morning, which is good for his health.
答案 gets up early (2)这个训练营将于7月20号开营。(2015北京)
答案 This camp will open on July 20th. 3.主语+及物动词+宾语
本句型由“主语+及物动词+宾语”构成,谓语动词是主语发出的动作,但是意 思还不完整,后面需要跟宾语,即动作的承受者。可以充当宾语的有:名词、代 词、从句等。 典句引领 I took an English exam yesterday.I had prepared it for two weeks.Before I turned in the paper,I looked through it carefully.昨天我参加了一场英语考试。我为此 已经准备了两周的时间。在上交试卷之前,我仔细地检查了一下。 雕词琢句 (1)My father (完成他的工作) by 9 o'clock every evening.
答案 finishes his work (2)我们尤其欢迎关于美国人如何休假和过节的文章。(2015课标全国Ⅰ)
答案 We would especially welcome articles about how Americans spend their
holidays and festivals. 4.主语+双宾动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 即主语+谓语+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(物)。如果把表示物的直接宾语放在表 示人的间接宾语前,需要借助介词to或for。to表示:朝着,向着,对着;for表示:为 了(某人),替(某人)。 需要借助介词to的动词有:give、lend、hand、offer、pass、promise、return、 send、show、teach等。 需要借助介词for的动词有:buy、cook、find、get、make、order、save、spare 等。 典句引领 Mr.Smith has taught us English for 3 years.It was his 50th birthday yesterday.Ev- eryone of us bought him a present and I even told him an interesting story.史密斯 先生教我们英语已经三年了。昨天是他50岁生日。我们每个人都给他买了一 个礼物,我甚至给他讲了一个有趣的故事。 雕词琢句 (1)My friend (给我买了一个生日礼物), making me very happy.
答案 bought me a birthday present (2)它给你和我这样的青少年提供了一个享受运动和了解中国文化的机会。(2 015北京)
答案 It offers teenagers like you and me a chance to enjoy sports and learn
about Chinese culture. 5.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语 本句型中宾语后面需要有成分对其进行补充说明,这就是宾语补足语。可以 充当宾补的有:形容词、副词、名词、介词短语、不定式、v.-ing形式和v.-ed 形式。 典句引领 The old man had a lovely daughter.He named her Lily.He made her very happy every day and wanted her to become an artist.这个老人有个可爱的女儿。他给 她起名Lily。他每天都让她很高兴并且想让她成为一名艺术家。 雕词琢句 (1)I (认为他的建议非常有用),although many people are against it.
答案 consider his advice/suggestion/tip very useful
(2)你的参与(contribution)一定会使得这次活动获得巨大的成功。(2017辽宁)
答案 Your contribution will certainly make the event a huge success.
二、学以致用 1.完美文章 结合括号中的提示,用基本句型完成下面的文章。 Dear Peter, I remember you told me (1) (你对在中国教学感兴趣).Our school now is looking for a native speaker to teach some courses to senior high students. If you come,(2) (你可以从下面三门课程中选择两门):Speaking, Writing and America Today and teach 12 hours a week.(3) (所有的 这些课程都将会让学生提高他们的英语水平).Besides teaching,(4) (你也可以工作) as an advisor to our students' English club or our school's English newspaper. (5) (请告诉我你最终的决定) whether you like the job or not. Best, Li Hua 答案 (1)you were interested in teaching in China (2)you can choose two of the following three courses (3)All the courses will make the students improve their English level (4)you can also work (5)Please tell me your final decision 2.话题写作 [本期话题] 人际关系 [写作要求] 至少运用三种基本句型。 生活中, 人人都需要朋友。但如何收获真正的友谊呢?请根据下面的要点提 示,写一篇70词左右的短文。 1.诚实:谎言会使朋友远离我们; 2.听:理解朋友心声的窗口; 3.无私:在朋友需要的时候伸出援手。
答案 One possible version: Everyone needs a friend. In order to win true friendship, we should obey the fol- lowing golden rules. First of all, we should be honest with our friends. Lies will surely make them stay far away from us. In addition, we should become good listeners because listening counts a lot if we want to understand our friends clearly. Finally, we should be selfless and be ready to offer them our help whenever they are in trouble, for a friend in need is a friend indeed. 三、美文赏读 (2017陕西) 假定你是中学生李华。美国一个中学校长代表团即将访问你校并出席英语周 的一项活动。请根据写作要点和写作要求写一篇欢迎词。 写作要点: 1.表示对客人的欢迎; 2.介绍此项活动(如活动目的、内容等); 3.表达对客人的祝愿。 写作要求: 1.词数不少于100; 2.称呼已经给出,请写欢迎词正文; 3.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。 [我来试写] Dear American guests,
答案 One possible version: Dear American guests, On behalf of our school,I would like to express our warm welcome to you.We are lucky to have you here in the middle of our English Week activities. As scheduled,①we have English Talent Show today(主谓宾).②The purpose of this programme is to develop our interest in English learning and practical abili- ties in listening and speaking(主系表).③The programme consists of the following activities(主谓宾):recitation,singing,word spelling and so on.④The show will begin(主谓)at two o'clock this afternoon at the Student Center.Dear guests,you are welcome to take part in some activities.I hope we students will benefit from your presence. ⑤I sincerely wish you a pleasant time (主谓宾+宾补)with us.Thank you. 【写作点评】 在文中①—⑤处作者充分运用了五种基本句型中的“主谓宾”、“主系 表”、“主谓”和“主谓宾+宾补”,很好地完成了写作任务,达到了写作目 的。