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英语 第8讲 非谓语动词在写作中的应用 一、魔法导航 非谓语动词是高中的重要语法,它的合理运用可以凝练句子结构,使语言表达 更加简洁和生动。 1.主语或宾语:动名词和不定式在句中可作主语或宾语。 典句引领 I had trouble in solving the problem, but I kept trying by using various ways. Fi- nally, I spent five days in working it out. 解决这个问题对我来说有点难,但我利 用不同的方法不断尝试。最后,我花了五天的时间把它解决了。 There is a problem involved in the popularity of private cars that road conditions need/require improving/to be improved. 私家车的流行带来了一个问题,那就是 路况需要改善了。 ——活用非谓,句句精彩 雕词琢句 (1)Besides, we'll spend some fun time together in (表演节目) such as sing,dancing and so on, in order to make them happy. (2015课标全国Ⅱ) 答案 putting on performances (2)有时候,放弃一点意味着获得更多。(2015浙江)
答案 Sometimes giving up a little means getting more. 2.表语:过去分词、动词的-ing形式和不定式在句中可作表语。 典句引领 So exciting was the news that we couldn't help jumping up.
这个消息如此激动人心,我们都禁不住跳起来。 雕词琢句 (1)Many questions have to be settled and much remains (去做) in our educational work.
答案 to be done (2)My dream is (成为一名设计师) in 10 years.(2017课标全国Ⅱ) 答案 to become a designer 3.定语:过去分词、现在分词和不定式在句中可作定语。 典句引领 I think the boy sitting at the table is very hard-working. 我认为坐在桌子旁的那个男孩非常勤奋。 雕词琢句 It carries articles (外国友人写的) about the cultures of their home countries. (2015课标全国Ⅰ) 答案 written by foreign friends 4.宾语补足语:过去分词、现在分词和不定式在句中可作宾语补足语。 典句引领 When the teacher caught the boy student cheating in the exam, he made him go out.发现这个男学生作弊,老师让他出去了。 雕词琢句 (1) (看到老人非常兴奋), we all felt very delighted. (2015课标全 国Ⅱ) 答案 When seeing the elderly people excited (2)我认为,这次参观活动能帮助我们提高关爱老人的意识。(2015课标全国Ⅱ)
答案 Personally, this visit can help us raise the awareness of caring the elder- ly.
5.状语:过去分词、现在分词和不定式在句中可作状语。 典句引领 Being an outgoing girl, I get along well with my classmates. (2015陕西) 作为一个外向的女孩,我和同学们相处融洽。 Entering the classroom,Ms.Li was surprised to find we were standing in line,clap- ping hands and saying “Happy Teachers' Day!” 进入教室,李老师惊讶地发现我们站成一排,拍着手说“教师节快乐!” 雕词琢句 (与很多抽象的目标相比), practical ones can bring us more courage and confidence whenever we make one step forward. (2015重庆) 答案 Compared with many abstract objectives 6.“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构在写作中的应用。 典句引领 With the final exam approaching, we are all busy going over the lessons.
随着期末考试的临近,我们都忙着复习功课。 雕词琢句 (1) (有很多工作要做), I can't go with you to Beijing next week.
答案 With a lot of work to do/With a lot of work remaining to be done
(2)面人(dough figurine)完成后,我非常兴奋。(2015北京)
答案 With the dough figurine finished, I was extremely excited. 二、学以致用 1.完美文章 结合括号中的提示,用合适的非谓语动词形式完成下面的文章。 With the homework(1) (完成) last Sunday,I went to the countryside to see my grandfather,(2) (在那儿玩得很高兴).At about 9,I set off and arrived at his home in an hour.When(3) (看到我),he felt (4) (很兴奋)and welcomed me warmly.I passed him the fresh fruits(5) (我妈妈在市场里买的) and he gave me some candy.Then he took me to a river nearby and taught me how to catch fish there.(6) (专心 钓鱼),we almost forgot to have lunch.It was not long before we caught a lot of fish.(7) (把它们带回家),my grandfather cooked some for me.After lunch,I helped him clean the house and he praised me with a big smile.When it was time for me to leave,my grandfather hugged me,(8) (给我一些 礼物) I liked very much.Such a beautiful day was it that I would remember it for- ever. 答案 (1)finished (2)having great fun there (3)seeing me (4)very excited (5)bought at the market by my mother
(6)Absorbed in fishing (7)Bringing them back home (8)giving me some gifts 2.话题写作 [本期话题] 生活经历 [写作要求] 至少运用三种非谓语动词的形式。 根据下面的信息提示,写一篇100词左右的英语短文。 1.一天赶着去上班的时候,我看到一个人在路边乞讨; 2.心里想着很多事,我没有注意到他; 3.他非常生气,用拐杖差一点把我绊倒(trip up); 4.意识到他是一个残疾人,我开始在口袋里找钱给他; 5.我拿出来一张百元大钞,突然被风吹到空中; 6.这位乞丐跳起来追赶纸币,使我感到非常惊讶。
答案 One possible version: One day, when hurrying on my way to work, I saw a man asking for money on the roadside. With many things filling my mind, I paid no attention to him. As a re- sult, he got angry, sticking out his walking stick, which almost tripped me up. Re- alizing he was a disabled person, I began to search for some money in the pocket to give him. I took out a 100-yuan note, which was suddenly blown into the air by the wind. Seeing this, the beggar jumped quickly to run after the note, making me so surprised that I stood there with my mouth open. 三、美文赏读 (2017陕西) 假定你是李华。请根据写作要点用英语写一篇周记,记述你周末帮助家人做 家务的一次经历。 写作要点: 1.做家务的理由; 2.做家务的过程; 3.你的感受。 注意: 1.短文词数不少于100; 2.开头部分已写好,不计入总词数; 3.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。 [我来试写] I am an 18-year-old middle school student.
答案
One possible version: I am an 18-year-old middle school student.I have been busy with my study and seldom helped my parents with the housework.①Feeling quite sorry for that,I be- gin to think about what to do to help them. Last Sunday,when my parents went out shopping,I suddenly got an idea:why not give the rooms a thorough cleaning?Firstly I collected all the books,newspapers and other things ②scattered in the rooms and put them in place.Then I wiped the dust off all the furniture.After that,I swept and mopped the floors. At this very moment,my parents came back and were quite surprised to see all the rooms tidy and floors ③shining.My mother gave me a hug and I could see satis- faction in her eyes.Tired as I was,I felt happy. 【写作点评】 在文中①—③处作者巧妙运用现在分词和过去分词作状语、定语和补语,使 得语言表达简洁、生动,在整篇文章中起到了锦上添花的作用,值得大家反复 揣摩、学习和模仿。