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英语 第12讲 扩展句在写作中的应用 一、魔法导航
在写作中我们通常把用以支持主题句的句子称为支持句或扩展句。段落扩 展句的写作是段落写作的“核心”,其质量高低将决定整段文章的成败。在 段落扩展句的写作中要注意以下几个问题: 1.抓住一个中心,对扩展句精挑细选。 所有的扩展句都必须与主题句保持一致,都要为主题句服务。所有与主题句 无关或关系不大的句子都要从扩展句中去掉。如: ——巧扩妙展,风韵无限 Quite a few things give rise to the traffic problem. In spite of the large-scale con- struction of roads and highways, there is still much room for improvement, be- cause of the ever increasing number of cars these years.What's worse, some drivers, cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital to obey traffic rules.(2015江 苏) 【评析】 本段的主题句“Quite a few things give rise to the traffic problem.” 点明了本段的中心思想是要介绍导致交通问题的原因。下面的扩展句紧紧围 绕中心句说明了两种具体原因,有力地支持了主题句。 2.选用合理的写作顺序,保持扩展句之间的连贯性。 扩展句不能杂乱无章地堆砌到一块儿,而是应该恰当运用合理的写作顺序(如 时间、空间、逻辑等顺序)把各个扩展句有机地组织起来,使其浑然一体。如: When the craftsman came into the classroom, we gave him a warm welcome and two boys helped him with the tool box. First, he showed us the basic steps and skills of making dough figurines. We stood around him, watching attentively. Then we started to have a try ourselves. The old man walked around and helped us patiently. Finally, we took pictures with the old craftsman and the dough fig- urines we made. Looking at the figurines, we were all very excited.(2015北京) 3.恰当议论,锦上添花。 在扩展句的写作中根据实际需要对某些扩展句进行恰当的点评或做进一步的 阐释不但可以丰富段落内容,而且还可以起到深化主题、画龙点睛的作用。 如: When I am faced with difficulties,I usually choose to refer to relevant learning materials or web pages.In this way,I can not only work them out but also improve my ability to overcome difficulties all by myself. 4.注重结构,段落层次分明。 在段落扩展句的写作中可以采用有形或无形的“三节式”扩展模式,即“主 题句+扩展句+总结句”的结构。如: 【评析】 本段利用时间顺序组织写作,向老艺人学习捏面人的过程跃然纸 上,读后令人印象深刻。
In fact, traffic rules are part of the rules and regulations closely related to public order.Without them, people could not enjoy harmony or the country would be in chaos. But rules alone don't secure an orderly society. It is the people who obey the rules that matter. Therefore, it is everybody's duty to observe them to keep our society in order and going on the right track.(2015江苏) 二、学以致用 1.完美文章 根据上下文在横线上填上合适的扩展句或过渡语。 We all want to grow up happily and healthily,and for this goal we must do several things.Firstly,we should develop a good attitude to life,because 扩展句(1) .过渡语① ,we should be brave when faced with dif- ficulties.Secondly,we must study hard because扩展句(2) .If we have the power,we can help to build our country and enjoy life better.过渡语② ,in order to study well,we need to do sports so that扩展句(3) .For example,we can go running,play ball games or simply take a walk af- ter a day's study.If we do those things well,扩展句(4) . 答案 (1)life consists of not only sunshine but also hard times (2)knowledge is power
(3)we can keep fit
(4)we will be able to grow up happily and healthily ①Thus/Therefore ②In addition/Besides/What's more 2.话题写作 [本期话题] 未来生活 [写作要求] 写出合理的扩展句。 请根据下面的提示,写一篇90词左右的英语短文。 1.未来的生存环境更加舒适漂亮; 2.太阳能、风能等新能源应用更加广泛; 3.机器人等高科技产品进入普通家庭。
With the science and technology developing, I'm optimistic about life in the fu- ture. By that time the surroundings where we live will be more comfortable and beautiful. In addition, new forms of energy such as solar energy, wind energy will be made full use of, which will be of great use for protecting the environment. Al- so, robots as well as other high-tech products will go into common families. Not only can they help people do housework, but also they can look after the babies. Such is the life in future which is bound to be more comfortable and convenient.
答案 One possible version: 三、美文赏读 (2017福建) 如何理解“成功”,不同的人有不同的看法。请认真阅读下面的引语(quota- tion),按要求用英语写一篇短文。 “Success is the ability to go from one failure to another with no loss of enthusi- asm.” —Sir Winston Churchill 内容要求: 1.你对该引语的理解; 2.你的相关经历; 3.恰当的结尾。 注意: 1.短文开头已给出,不计入总词数; 2.文中不能出现考生的具体信息; 3.词数120左右。 [我来试写] This quotation from Winston Churchill tells us that
答案 One possible version: This quotation from Winston Churchill tells us that we shouldn't get discouraged right after failures.Rather,we should keep trying with enthusiasm.Success consists in the ability to continue efforts through failures. At the age of twelve,I got a nice bike as a birthday gift.So excited was I that I couldn't wait to try my hand at riding it.However,it was harder than expected.The bike seemed too heavy and difficult to control.Worse still,I took many falls off the bike.I was about to give up when my father came and encouraged me to keep going.With more practice,I did better and better.Looking back,I feel I wouldn't be able to ride a bike had I lost heart. Actually,we can't succeed in everything we try.What's important is that we should stick at it. 【写作点评】 本文作者充分结合自身经历阐释了自己对题目要求中引语的看法。文中主题 句概括准确,扩展句充分、合理,总结句深刻、到位,句式结构丰富多彩,展示了 作者高超的语言驾驭能力。