2017届高考英语一轮复习语法专练：6 名词、冠词和代词（牛津译林版含解析）

　　语法专练六　名词、冠词和代词

　　一、单句填空

　　1.(2015江苏,32)Some schools will have to make　(adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform. 

　　2.(2015江苏,35)—Go and say sorry to your Mom,Dave.

　　—Id like to,but I’m afraid she won’t be happy with my　(apologize). 

　　3.(2015安徽,30)There is no need to tell me your answer now.Give it some　(think)and then let me know. 

　　4.(2015湖北,22)He gave himself a new name to hide his 　(identify)when he went to carry out the secret task. 

　　5.(2017湖北,21)Her　(motivate)for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education. 

　　6.(2017浙江,2)The paper is due next month,and I am working seven days　week,often long into　night. 

　　7.(2017山东,4)Susan made　clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself. 

　　8.(2017福建,21)In some countries,people eat with chopsticks,while in　,knives and forks. 

　　9.(2017安徽,24)You can ask anyone for help.　here is willing to lend you a hand. 

　　10.(2017陕西,21)Id appreciate　if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come. 

　　11.(2017四川,1)Shed lived in London and Manchester,but she liked　and moved to Cambridge. 

　　12.(2017天津,7)While she was in Paris,she developed a　(tasty)for fine art. 

　　13.(2017重庆,32)The parents were shocked by　news that their son needed　operation on his knee. 

　　14.(2017山东,22)It was　cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across　night sky. 

　　15.(2017浙江,15)People develop　preference for a particular style of learning at　early age and these preferences affect learning. 

　　16.(2017福建,21)The “Chinese Dream”is　dream to improve peoples well-being and　dream of harmony,peace and development. 

　　17.(2017陕西,19)Marco Polo is said to have sailed on　Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in　thirteenth century. 

　　18.(2017课标Ⅱ,14)Its an either-or situation—we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can’t do　. 

　　19.(2017重庆,31)Recycling is one way to protect the environment;reusing is　. 

　　20.He missed　gold in the high jump,but will get　second chance in the long jump. 

　　二、语法填空

　　(一)冠词填空

　　When I walked down　1　Third Avenue,as　2　rule,I used to look into the windows of　3　old shop that sold old and beautiful things.Since I often took my walk after the closing time,I cupped my hands against　4　windows to get　5　small look at the treasures inside. 

　　Some things looked as if they had not been cared for　6　long time,but I knew their beauty was still there beneath their own surface.I even thought they were　7　most beautiful that I had ever seen.That was how I felt about old people,too.I knew their value,and it hurt me when others missed it.I was raised by my grandmother and given　8　deep sense of the value of experience.Taught to behave well,my sister and I respected other people,regardless of their age or color.My grandmother was loved by all　9　people around her.She was known to be　10　wise and kind woman,who was able to do things well even in her last years. 

　　Old people should be treated as fine gold.They may be gradually tarnished(失去光泽) by age,but they can be polished with respect.You might be surprised by their bright and shining qualities.

　　1.2.3.4.5.　 

　　6.7.8.9.10.　 

　　(二)代词填空

　　“Without the ball,Im half of　1　,”Luis Figo,one of the worlds greatest football players once said. 

　　The Portuguese played his first international match in 1991 at the age of 18 and has kept scoring ever since.

　　He reached a new mark on February 18 by playing　2　one hundredth match for his national team in a friendly match against England.A crowd of more than 30,000 fans watched and cheered for　3　 in Lisbon.“Figo,Figo,”　4　(all,both)shouted excitedly when he walked onto the field. 

　　The Real Madrid player,31,wants to help his country in Euro 2004 and to win　5　(another,other)Spanish Cup with Real Madrid.Madrid bought Figo from FC Barcelona for 60.1 million dollars in 2000,and he showed　6　(everyone,anyone)what a great player he was by winning FIFAs Footballer of the Year award in 2001. 

　　“Figo works like an artist and has the skills to be the most complete player,”said FIFA President Joseph Blatter in 2001.“Figo　7　 is a real leader who always tries　8　best on the field and a good team player.He doesn’t have any problems working together with his teammate at Real Madrid,star footballer David Beckham.”In fact,Figo was the first　9　 to welcome Beckham when he arrived.“We have a strong team,and we can help one　10　 and work together to be successful,”Figo said. 

　　1.2.3.4.5.　 

　　6.7.8.9.10.　 

　　三、短文改错

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除:把多余的词用斜线(划掉。

　　修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

　　2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

　　One day my uncle was riding a horse in rain when he reached a small restaurant.Wet and cold,and he wanted to warm him very much.However,the restaurant was too crowded with people that he could not get near the fire.“Taking some fish to my horse!”he called out to the waiter.“Sorry,sir.But a horse didn’t eat fish!”the waiter answered.“Never mind.Just do as I told you,”my uncle said.The crowd of people felt surprising at the strange order.To see a horse eat fish,all of whom ran out.Having the whole room to himself,my uncle sat down

　　besides the fire and began warm himself.

　　答案全解全析

　　一、单句填空

　　1.adjustments　句意:有些学校将不得不作出一些调整来和国家足球改革保持一致。设空处作动词make的宾语,故需用名词,adjustment为可数名词,在本句中表示泛指,而设空处前没有冠词,故需用其复数形式。

　　2.apology/apologies　句意:——戴夫,去向你妈妈道歉。——我想去,但是我怕她对我的道歉并不会感到满意。设空处前为形容词性物主代词,故设空处应为名词形式。

　　3.thought　句意:现在没有必要告诉我你的答案,认真考虑一下然后再让我知道。some后需用名词形式,而thought作“考虑,思索”讲时为不可数名词,故答案为thought。give sth.thought认真考虑某事。

　　4.identity　句意:在去执行秘密任务的时候,为隐藏自己的身份,他给自己取了一个新名字。形容词性物主代词后需用名词形式,故答案为identity。identity身份。

　　5.motivation　句意:她写作的动机是渴望为妇女争取接受高等教育的权利。形容词性物主代词后需用名词形式,此外后面的谓语动词为was,故设空处需用名词单数形式。

　　6.a;the 　句意:论文下个月要上交了。我现在每周工作七天,经常工作到深夜。第一空填a相当于one;第二空是固定搭配long into the night。

　　7.it　句意:苏珊清楚地向我表明,她希望自己开始一种新生活。句中that she wished to make...是真正的宾语,空格处应为形式宾语,故用it。

　　8.others　句意:在一些国家,人们用筷子吃饭,而在另外一些国家,人们用刀叉吃饭。some...others...表示“一些……,另一些……”。

　　9.Everyone/Everybody　句意:你可以找任何人帮忙。这儿的每一个人都愿意帮助你。根据上下文逻辑可知此处表示“这里的每个人”故答案为everyone或everybody。由于设空处后为is,故all(所有人)不符合。

　　10.it　句意:假如你提前让我知道你是否会来,我将不胜感激。考查代词。Id appreciate it if...属于固定句式,表示“假如……我将不胜感激”。

　　11.neither　句意:她在伦敦和曼彻斯特居住过,但是她不喜欢这两座城市,然后搬到剑桥了。由表示转折的连词but可知该空应该表示否定意思,题干中提到两个地名(London,Manchester),故答案为neither。

　　12.taste　句意:在巴黎期间,她培养了对美术的兴趣。冠词a后加名词,故填taste。

　　13.the;an　句意:这对父母被他们的儿子需要做膝部手术的消息震惊了。第一空后news后有同位语从句解释说明news的内容,表特指,故使用定冠词the;第二空表示在膝部做的一个手术,表泛指,故用不定冠词an。

　　14.a;the　句意:那是一个寒冷冬天的夜晚,月亮在夜空明亮地闪耀着。第一个空用不定冠词表示泛指;第二个空表示特指:the night sky夜空。

　　15.a;an　句意:人们在小的时候就会形成一种对特定的学习风格的喜好,这些喜好影响(一个人的)学习。第一空需要填上a表示“一种喜好/偏爱”,而第二空是习惯用法,at an early age“在小时候”。

　　16.a;a　句意:“中国梦”是一个改善民生的梦,是一个和谐、和平与发展的梦。dream是可数名词,此处用不定冠词a表示“一个”的意思。

　　17.the;the　句意:据说在十三世纪,马可·波罗去爪哇岛途中曾航行经过太平洋。“太平洋”是专有名词,前面要用the;thirteenth是序数词,前面也要用the。

　　18.both　句意:这是二者择其一的局面——我们要么今年买辆新车,要么去度假,但是不能二者兼顾。both用于否定句表示部分否定,意为“并非两者都”。

　　19.another　句意:(废品)回收是保护环境的一种方式,而循环利用是保护环境的另外一种方式。another再一,又一。

　　20.the;a　句意:他没得到跳高的金牌,但是在跳远项目上还有一次机会。gold 当金质奖牌讲,在本句中表特指,故第一空用定冠词。第二空考查冠词的活用,“a/an+序数词”表示:又一,再一;“the+序数词”表示顺序,而本题第二空并不表示顺序,而表示“又一,再一”之意。

　　二、语法填空

　　(一)冠词填空

　　[语篇解读]　本文为议论文。一些旧的东西虽然外表不再光鲜亮丽,但仍有内在的美,老年人也是如此。如果老年人被善待,受到尊重,同样会焕发出新的活力。

　　1.the　设空处后为序数词,且此处表示“次序”,故设空处应填定冠词the。

　　2.a　as a rule为固定短语,意为:通常。

　　3.an　在第三大街卖旧货的老店并非一家,故本空表示泛指,设空处后的old以元音音素开头,故设空处用不定冠词an。

　　4.the　设空处后的windows指的是那些老店铺的橱窗,表示特指,故填定冠词the。

　　5.a　get a look at为固定短语,意为:看一眼。

　　6.a　一些东西看上去好像很长时间没有人管了。for a long time很长时间。

　　7.the　设空处后有most,且most在此处表示最高级,故设空处为the。

　　8.a　我被我祖母养大并被赋予了领悟经验价值的能力。sense在本句中作“辨别,领悟”讲,sense在本句中表示泛指,故与不定冠词连用。

　　9.the　设空处后的people在本句中表示特指,故设空处填the。

　　10.a　众所周知,她是一位聪明而善良的女人。woman在本句中表示泛指,故设空处填不定冠词a。

　　(二)代词填空

　　[语篇解读]　本文为记叙文。介绍了足球明星路易斯·菲戈从事足球竞技的历程。

　　1.myself　主语是“I”,故设空处为I的反身代词myself。

　　2.his　根据上下文及设空处后的match可知设空处应为物主代词his。

　　3.him　介词后应该用代词的宾格,此处用him来指代Luis Figo。

　　4.all　设空处表示三者以上都,故选择all。 both指“两者都”,不符合语境。

　　5.another　设空处后的Spanish Cup为单数名词,故设空处为another。

　　6.everyone　everyone表示某范围之内的每个人;anyone任何人。根据句意可知本空应填everyone。

　　7.himself　根据该句句子结构可推知设空处应用反身代词作Figo的同位语,故答案为himself。

　　8.his　try ones best尽某人最大的努力,此处指Figo,故填his。

　　9.one　此处用one表示一组中的一人。

　　10.another　one another为相互代词,意为:相互。

　　三、短文改错

　　1.第一句:rain前加the　表达“在雨中”要用in the rain。

　　2.第二句:去掉he前的and　he是句子的主语,此处不是and连接并列句。

　　3.第二句:him改为himself　他非常想暖和一下自己,表达“他自己”要用himself。

　　4.第三句:too改为so　此处考查so...that...结构。

　　5.第四句:Taking改为Take　此处考查祈使句,命令别人或给别人提建议。

　　6.第五句:didnt改为doesnt　此处是直接引语且表达的意思是客观真理,故用一般现在时。

　　7.第七句:surprising改为surprised　表达“人感到惊讶的”,要用surprised。

　　8.第八句:whom改为them　此处不是定语从句,要用all of them作主语。

　　9.第九句:besides改为beside　表达“坐在……的旁边”,用beside。

　　10.第九句:began后加to或warm改为warming　考查begin to do sth.或begin doing sth.。