形容词与副词
一、根据提示用恰当的词填空
1.I can't tell you how much the precious painting is worth, but it is ________ (rough) assessed at $100 million.
答案与解析 roughly 句意：我没法告诉你这幅珍贵的画值多少钱，但是它大致可估价1亿美元。roughly“粗略地”。
2.Although she brushed the old pot ________ (thorough), she could not make it completely clean, which made her very upset.
答案与解析 thoroughly 句意：尽管她把这个旧罐子彻底清洗了，但还是没有把它完全洗干净，这让她很心烦。根据句意可知应用thoroughly，表示“彻底地”，修饰动词brush。
3.—Do you like Mary's new hairstyle？
—Perfect! How much ________ (good) she looks with the curly short hair！
答案与解析 better 句意：——你喜欢玛丽的新发型吗？——很棒！她一头卷曲的短发看上去好看多了。根据语境可知，玛丽现在的发型比以前好看多了，故用比较级better。
4.When it comes to my hobbies, I like rock climbing ________ (good)．
答案与解析 best 句意：说到我的爱好，我最喜欢攀岩了。此处表示在所有的爱好中进行比较，故用副词的最高级形式。
5.The naughty boy entered the classroom ________ (caution), fearing that his teacher would blame him.
答案与解析 cautiously 句意：这个顽皮的男孩害怕老师会责备他，小心翼翼地走进教室。cautiously“小心翼翼地”，符合句意。
6.—What do you think of your new Pad？
—Good. I don't think I can find a ________ (good) one.
答案与解析 better 句意：——你觉得你新买的平板电脑怎么样？——很好。我想这是我能买到的最好的平板电脑了。这里使用了否定前移；“否定词＋比较级”表示“没有比……更……的”。
7.Basketball coaches waste no time in searching for ________ (promise) young players of great potential for better performances in the coming season.
答案与解析 promising 句意：为了下个赛季有更好的表现，篮球教练员们抓紧时间去寻找有巨大潜力的年轻球员。promising“有前途的，有希望的”。
8.When she was in elementary school, Diana was ________ (enthusiasm) about becoming a police officer, but quit the ambition after learning that she won't be able to dye her hair or wear her favorite necklace and rings.
答案与解析 enthusiastic 句意：戴安娜读小学的时候特别想当警官，但是当她知道当了警官后就不能染发，不能戴自己最喜爱的项链和戒指的时候她就放弃了这个梦想。后面说“quit the ambition”，因此这里表示当初她对此很热衷，用enthusiastic表示“热心的，极感兴趣的”。
9.Life is stressful, and complaining may be considered by many as an extension of being ________ (absolute) normal.
答案与解析 absolutely 句意：生活是有压力的，因此埋怨被很多人看作是一种情理之中的发泄。absolutely表示“绝对地，完全地”，是副词，修饰形容词normal。
10.His confidence built up ________ (gradual) as he gained more and more experience in teaching.
答案与解析 gradually 句意：随着教学经验的不断增加，他的信心逐渐增强。gradually“逐渐地，渐渐地”，符合句意。
二、翻译下面的句子或根据要求完成下面的句子。
1.怀特夫人给丈夫买了一个黑色皮革小钱包。
答案 Mrs White bought a small black leather wallet for her husband.
2.与其说汤姆是科学家不如说他是发明家。
答案 Tom is more an inventor than a scientist.
3.我们决定不去爬山了，因为雨下得正大。
答案 We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining hard/heavily.
4.昨天我被这部电影深深地感动了。
答案 Yesterday, I was deeply moved by this film.
5.约翰先生和他的大女儿总是彼此不了解。
答案 Mr John and his eldest daughter don't always understand each other.
6.我专程来告诉你，你得到了去美国留学的机会。
答案 I come here specially to tell you that you've got the chance to study in the United States.
7.人们对他评价很高，因为他对别人很友好。
答案 People think highly of him, because he is always friendly to others.
8.我很担心，因为公交车晚到的话我就会耽误航班的。
答案 I was worried very much because I'll miss my flight if the bus arrives late.
9.这件艺术品如此奇怪，以至于每个人都想看一看。
答案 It is such an unusual work of art that everyone wants to have a look at it.
10.今天晚上电视将现场直播一场篮球比赛。
答案 There will be a live basketball show on TV tonight.
11.你不应该对衣服那么挑剔。
You should not be ________ your clothes.
答案 so particular about
12.我发现没有什么比阅读对我更有吸引力了。
I find that nothing is ________ me ________ reading.
答案 more attractive to; than
13.政府总是对穷人和病人都很关心，经常为他们提供免费医疗服务。
The government is always concerned about ________ and ________，often providing them with free ________ care.
答案 the poor; the sick; medical
14.这部电影很有意思，但是老年人对它不感兴趣。
The film is very ________，but the old aren't ________ in it.
答案 interesting; interested
15.它不仅仅是一只猫，也是我们家的一员。
It is ________ a cat.It is a member of our family.
答案 more than
三、语法填空
(2016·贵州遵义模考)
“Remember, your father is only one year __1__ (old) than you.” That was Mum's usual excuse when Dad said the wrong things or did something __2__ (fool)．
Dad quitted drinking exactly one year before I was born. He joined a group of other people. He said they __3__ (stop) drinking, too. I loved my dad __4__ I hated the way his weekly meetings took him away __5__ me. It seemed that they were more important to him than I was. But with my birthday coming up I thought Dad would make an __6__ (except). “Can't you miss it just this time? Saturday is my birthday！” I begged him but __7__ (refuse). He said, “I am chairing the meeting this Saturday. We will have your party on Sunday.”
Saturday evening I sat on my bed, __8__ (feel) sorry for myself. Dad started to leave, then paused and said, “Why not come together with me tonight? It's an open meeting. All are welcome.” __9__ would I do at a meeting? But maybe I needed to see why something Dad did every week mattered so much.
After we arrived, Dad announced the theme of the meeting was going to be gratitude. He told his story about giving up smoking. Later, a man called Dave also told his story. Only then did I know it was Dad __10__ saved his life from drinking. Showing up week after week and meeting with people, Dad was changing lives. Shame washed over me.
答案与解析
语篇解读 作者一开始不理解为什么爸爸每周都准时去参加集会，甚至自己生日的时候都不例外。和爸爸一起参加集会后，作者明白了爸爸参加集会的意义。
1.older 考查比较级。根据后面的than可知，此处应填比较级older。
2.foolish 考查词类转换。此处用fool的形容词形式作不定代词something的定语。
3.had stopped 考查时态和语态。“戒酒”这一动作发生在“说”这个动作之前，故用过去完成时，且此处表示主动关系，故填had stopped。
4.but 考查连词。我爱父亲，但我讨厌他每周都离开我去参加集会。根据语境可知，空处所填词连接并列分句，并表示转折关系，故填but。
5.from 考查固定搭配。take sb. away from...意为“带某人离开……”。
6.exception 考查词类转换。根据空前的an可知，此处应填except的名词形式exception(例外)。
7.was refused 考查时态和语态。我祈求爸爸留下来陪我过生日，但是“被拒绝”了。此处谓语动词应用一般过去时，主语为I，故填was refused。
8.feeling 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应填一个非谓语动词，I与feel为主谓关系，故用feel的现在分词形式作伴随状语。
9.What 考查特殊疑问词。在会议上我能做“什么”呢？故此处填What。
10.that/who 考查强调句型。分析句子结构可知，此处考查强调句型，强调的是主语“Dad”，故填that/who来构成强调句型的基本框架。
四、阅读理解
(2015·湖南卷)
Forget Cyclists， Pedestrians Are Real Danger
We are having a debate about this topic. Here are some letters from our readers.
■ Yes， many cyclists behave dangerously. Many drivers are disrespectful of cyclists. But pedestrians are probably the worse offenders.People of all ages happily walk along the pavement with eyes and hands glued to the mobile phone， quite unaware of what is going on around them. They may even do the same thing while crossing a road at a pedestrian crossing or elsewhere. The rest of us have to evade 避让 them or just stand still to wait for the unavoidable collision.The real problem is that some pedestrians seem to be， at least for the moment， in worlds of their own that are， to them， much more important than the welfare of others.,—Michael Horan■ I loved the letter from Bob Brooks about cyclists Viewpoints， May 29. I am afraid they seem to think they own the roads.I was walking across Altrincham Road one morning when a cyclist went round me and on being asked what he was doing he shouted at me.
The government built a cycle lane on the road but it is hardly used.,The police do nothing. What a laugh they are！The cyclists should all have to be made to use the cycle lanes and wear helmets， fluorescent 发荧光的 jackets and lights at night and in the morning. They should pay some sort of tax and be fined for not wearing them.—Carol Harvey
■ Cyclists jump on and off pavements which are meant for pedestrians， ride at speed along the pavements， and think they have a special right to go through traffic lights when they are on red.,I was almost knocked down recently by a cyclist riding on the pavement when there was a cycle lane right next to him.
Other road users， including horse riders， manage to obey the rules so why not cyclists？It's about time they had to be registered and insured， so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle， or cause an accident， at least they can be traced and there might be an opportunity to claim.—JML,Write to Viewpoints of the newspaper.
语篇解读 本文是议论文。真正的交通隐患是骑自行车的人，还是步行者呢？人们对此进行了辩论。
1.Michael Horan wrote the letter mainly to show that ________.
A. drivers should be polite to cyclists
B. road accidents can actually be avoided
C. some pedestrians are a threat to road safety
D. walking while using phones hurts one's eyes
答案与解析 C 考查细节理解。根据第一封信第一段中的“But pedestrians are probably the worse offenders”可知，Michael Horan认为步行者可能是更大的交通隐患。
2.Carol Harvey suggests that cyclists should ________.
A. be provided with enough roads
B. be asked to ride on their own lanes
C. be made to pay less tax for cycling
D. be fined for laughing at policemen
答案与解析 B 考查细节理解。根据第二封信最后一段中的“The cyclists should all have to be made to use the cycle lanes and...”可知，Carol Harvey认为骑自行车的人应该被要求使用自行车道。
3.What is a complaint of JML？
A. Very few drivers are insured.
B. Cyclists ride fast on pavements.
C. Pedestrians go through red traffic lights.
D. Horse riders disrespect other road users.
答案与解析 B 考查细节理解。根据第三封信第一段的内容可知，JML认为骑自行车的人在人行道上快速骑车，并且任意闯交通信号灯。
4.The underlined word “they” in the third letter refers to ________.
A. accidents
B. vehicles
C. pedestrians
D. cyclists
答案与解析 D 考查代词指代。根据第三封信最后一段的内容可知，JML认为骑自行车的人应该注册登记，以便在发生交通事故时追究责任，故they指代前面提到的“cyclists”。
5.The three letters present viewpoints on ________.
A. real sources of road dangers
B. ways to improve road facilities
C. measures to punish road offences
D. increased awareness of road rules
答案与解析 A 考查细节理解。从文章标题以及整篇文章的内容可知，本文主要辩论的是交通隐患的真正源头。
五、短文改错
(2016·山东日照联合检测)
I used to feel I was the sun in my family. But while my cousin was born, everyone pays more attention to her. So I disliked her and couldn't get along well with her. As time went on, I realized what ridiculous I had been at that time. I tried to find a proper time to apologize. When my cousin's family came to my home a few day ago, I took my cousin to play outside.
In the way to the playground, I had bought many snacks for her. Then we began to chat. When we talked about their childhood, suddenly, I said “sorry” gentle. She was silently, so I thought that she hadn't heard me clearly. But after while she said, “Don't say that. In my memory, you are always friendly.”
答案
I used to feel I was the sun in my family. But
my cousin was born, everyone
more attention to her. So I disliked her and couldn't get along well with her. As time went on, I realized
ridiculous I had been at that time. I tried to find a proper time to apologize. When my cousin's family came to my home a few
ago, I took my cousin to play outside.
the way to the playground, I bought many snacks for her. Then we began to chat. When we talked about
childhood, suddenly, I said “sorry” . She was ， so I thought that she hadn't heard me clearly. But after
while she said, “Don't say that. In my memory, you are always friendly.”