高考题型提能练(四) Unit 4
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2016·南宁市适应性测试)There have always been laws against copying other people's ideas. However, when copying was only limited to copying something by hand, problems were solved easily. The solution was always the destruction or removal of the copy. Nowadays, the rise of the Internet has made the issue of intellectual property (知识产权) more complicated.
Almost every bit of information can be cut and pasted (粘贴) with a few clicks of a mouse. Many art forms such as writings, films, and music need new protection to ensure that people do not simply transfer them for free. Online illegal copying has been blamed for a huge reduction in the sales of many records because it is hard to convince people to buy something that they can get for free. Even the ideas behind traditional games, such as Scrabble, have been used without the owners' permission.
Old laws have been struggling to keep up. While music companies have been successful in persuading courts that action should be taken against people who illegally download music, the law is difficult to carry out. Furthermore, intellectual property rights vary widely from country to country, so it's up for debate which laws apply. Finally, there is the fact that many people simply do not see the act as theft, since once the work has been digitized there is no clear physical object to steal in the first place.
All of these issues mean that companies involved with intellectual property — ideas or easily digitized information —
are fighting desperately to get people to pay for the information they use, rather than paying for an object like a CD that they use. While the companies have sometimes been successful, the practical barriers to full protection seem insurmountable.
Finally, all that concerned parties can do is hope that their few successes scare off others and try to find new ways of making money.
1.Why do writings, films, and music need protection?
A.They are very expensive.
B.They are impossible to copy.
C.It is easy to make CDs, books, and movies.
D.They are easily able to be transferred when in digital form.
2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a problem of carrying out intellectual property rights?
A.Laws are not the same in all countries.
B.People do not see copying information as theft.
C.It is very hard to catch people who are breaking the law.
D.Internet service providers do not want to cooperate with the police.
3.The underlined word “insurmountable” in Paragraph 4 means “________”.
A.extremely expensive
B.impossible to overcome
C.against the law
D.hard to prove
4.What can be inferred from this passage?
A.Music and films will be unnecessary in the future.
B.New laws are necessary but difficult to put into practice.
C.The Internet is likely to become more important in the future.
D.Laws are just a way for greedy companies to control their products.
B
(2016·洛阳市统一考试)Some people like modern art, while others say that is rubbish.But a cleaner who works in the Tate Gallery in London isn't able to tell the difference.The woman, whose name isn't known, mistook a work of art by the German painter Gustav Metzger for a bag of rubbish, and threw it out with other bags. The plastic bag, which contained pieces of paper and cardboard, was later recovered outside the gallery, but the artist thought that it was too damaged to be put on show again. 78yearold Mr Metzger explained that the exhibit, which he said was a copy of a similar work he had created in 1960, was meant to show that all art is temporary and “finite (有限的)”.
Embarrassed officials at the museum said that they had had to call a meeting with cleaners to explain which things should not be touched. They would not say whether Mr Metzger would be paid any compensation for the incident. However, to make absolutely sure the same thing would not happen again, they decided to cover Mr Metzger's work every evening with a coloured cloth. In this way the cleaners arriving after the gallery had been closed to the general public would realize they should not touch it.
This is not the first time that museum cleaners have had trouble distinguishing exhibits from rubbish. In 2001, in another London gallery, a cleaner threw away a work by the wellknown British artist Damien Hirst. It was an arrangement of empty beer bottles, coffee cups, and overflowing ashtrays, which were meant to indicate the chaos in the life of an artist.
However, cleaners don't always throw things away — sometimes they clean them!
This was the case with a dirty bath, which was on show in a gallery in Germany. Without asking what the bath was doing in the gallery, the cleaners simply scrubbed it clean.
5.The officials of the museum covered Mr Metzger's work so that ________.
A.the visitors couldn't get close in the evening
B.they could get recovered soon
C.the cleaners wouldn't make the same mistake
D.they would return to normal
6.Which of the following is NOT true?
A.People have different opinions on modern art.
B.Mr Metzger would be paid much compensation.
C.A work of Damien Hirst was thrown away by a cleaner in 2001.
D.Some modern work is about the chaos of an artist's life.
7.The last paragraph is written to show that________.
A.cleaners often make exhibits as clean as possible
B.cleaners can't always differ exhibits from rubbish
C.exhibits are usually difficult to clean
D.exhibits are not always so beautiful
8.What's the best title of the passage?
A.Cleaners mistake modern art for rubbish
B.Modern art shouldn't be cleaned
C.What makes a great work of art
D.Cleaners don't always throw things away
Ⅱ.任务型阅读
(2016·甘肃省高考诊断考试)We all have our favourite teachers — those who treat us equally. But what about those teachers we don't know as well (for even don't like much)?
You can do lots of things to get a relation with your teacher. First, do the following:
1.________ Complete all homework on time. Be attentive, be respectful, and ask questions.
2.________
Obviously, your teachers are really interested in their subjects or they wouldn't have decided to teach them! Show the teacher that you care, even if you're not good at math or fluent in French — send the message that you are a dedicated student.
You can also schedule a private meeting during a teacher's free period.
3.________
You can ask questions, inquire about a career in the subject, or talk about your progress in class. You may be surprised to learn that your teacher is a bit more relaxed one on one than when lecturing in front of the whole class.
However, here are some things to avoid when trying to establish a relationship with your teacher：
·4.________ Teachers sense when your only motivation is to get special treatment, a college reference, or a job suggestion.
·Trying to be teachers' pet. You just attract the teachers' attention on purpose
and your classmates may start to hate you.
·5.________
It's OK to offer a small sign of thanks to teachers if they've been helpful to you. But a teacher is usually not allowed to accept the wrong message, and a teacher is usually not allowed to accept anything expensive.
A.Giving expensive gifts.
B.Show up for class on time.
C.Not being sincere.
D.Find the practical value in classes.
E.Use this time to get extra help.
F.Show an interest in the subject.
G.Get along better with your teachers.
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2016·南昌市十校二模) A young and successful executive was traveling down a neighborhood street, going a bit too fast in his new Jaguar. He was watching
__1__
kids dashing out from between parked cars and
__2__
when he thought he saw something.
As his car passed, one child appeared, and a brick
__3__
into the Jaguar's side door. He slammed on the brakes and spun the Jaguar back to the
__4__
from where the brick had been thrown.
He jumped out of the car, grabbed some kid and pushed him up against a parked car,
__5__， “What was that all about and who are you? What are you doing？” Building up a head of steam, he went on. “That's a new car and that brick you threw is gonna
__6__
a lot of money. Why did you do it？”
“Please, Mister, please, I'm sorry. I didn't know what else to do！” pleaded the youngster.“It's my brother，” he said. “He rolled
__7__
the curb
(路边)
and fell out of his wheelchair and I can't
__8__
him up.
__9__，
the boy asked the executive, “Would you please help me get him back into his wheelchair? He's hurt and he's too
__10__
for me.”
__11__
beyond words, the driver tried to
__12__
the rapidly swelling lump in his throat. He lifted the young man back into the wheelchair and took out his handkerchief and
__13__
the scrapes and cuts, checking to see that everything was going to be okay.
“Thank you, sir. And God bless you，”
the
__14__
child said to him. The man then watched the little boy push his brother to the sidewalk toward their home.
It was a long walk back to his Jaguar ... a long, slow walk. He never did
__15__
the side door. He kept the dent
(凹痕)
to
__16__
him not to go through life so fast that someone has to throw a brick at you to get your
__17__.
Life whispers in your
__18__
and speaks to your heart. Sometimes, when you don't have the time to
__19__
... Life throws a brick at your head.
It's your choice: Listen to the whispers of your soul or wait for the
__20__！
1.A.inB.for
C.up
D.of
2.A.sped up
B.moved off
C.slowed down
D.drew off
3.A.smashed
B.threw
C.rushed
D.attacked
4.A.street
B.house
C.car
D.spot
5.A.speaking
B.shouting
C.talking
D.saying
6.A.cost
B.take
C.spend
D.pay
7.A.off
B.about
C.on
D.into
8.A.rise
B.lift
C.put
D.drag
9.A.Calling
B.Yelling
C.Sobbing
D.Shouting
10.A.heavy
B.tall
C.weak
D.difficult
11.A.Moved
B.Surprised
C.Annoyed
D.Persuaded
12.A.spit
B.swallow
C.vomit
D.digest
13.A.scratched
B.applied
C.wiped
D.drafted
14.A.grateful
B.sorrowful
C.naughty
D.lovely
15.A.decorate
B.repair
C.crash
D.remove
16.A.remind
B.warn
C.sense
D.detect
17.A.understanding
B.approval
C.sympathy
D.attention
18.A.spirit
B.soul
C.ghost
D.memory
19.A.think
B.feel
C.look
D.listen
20.A.moment
B.idea
C.brick
D.chance
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2016·兰州质检)Last Saturday I went to the library as usually. At about noon, I was enjoying my reading near a lake while suddenly I hear someone crying for help. I went up to see what was happened. I was shocking to find a little child struggling in the water in the distance while many peoples were standing by without doing anything. Without any hesitation, I had pushed through the crowd as I took off my coat, but jumped into the water quickly. I managed to reach him and carried him back to safety. To his great relief, the kid was saved.
I was proud what I had done. I hope everyone can give a hand when someone else is in need.
高考题型提能练(四)
.
1．解析：选D 细节理解题根据第二段前三句“Almost every bit of information ... something that they can get for free.”可知随着网络的发展著作电影和音乐等很容易通过网络以数字形式供人们免费下载这极大地损害了创作人的合法权益所以它们需要被保护故答案选D2．解析：选D 细节理解题根据第三段中的“the law is difficult to carry out”“intellectual property rights vary widely from country to country”“there is the fact that many people simply do not see the act as theft”和“once the work has been digitized there is no clear physical object to steal in the first place”可知A、B、C三项都是在保护知识产权时所面临的问题D项在文中没有提到故答案选D3．解析：选B 词义猜测题根据第三段和第四段内容可知保护知识产权面临很多障碍尽管有成功案例但是要克服这些全面保护知识产权的实际障碍几乎是不可能的由此可推断出insurmountable意为“难以克服的不能超越的”B项意为“不可能克服的”故答案选B4．解析：选B 推理判断题根据全文可知由于网络的发展知识产权的保护受到严重挑战原有法律已解决不了日益复杂的问题；人们在用法律来维护创作人的权益时遇到了很多障碍使得维权难以真正贯彻下去由此可推断出制定新的知识产权保护法很有必要但是这项法律实施起来仍会很困难故答案选B
5．解析：选C 细节理解题根据第二段中的“However, to make absolutely sure the same thing would not happen again, they decided to cover ... with a coloured cloth.”可知他们这样做的目的是避免清洁工再次犯同样的错误即C项正确6．解析：选B 细节理解题根据第一段的第一句可知A项表述正确；根据第二段的第二句可知B项表述错误；根据第三段的第二句和最后一句可知CD两项表述正确故选B项7．解析：选B 推理判断题最后一段通过讲述清洁工误把现代艺术作品当成脏东西而擦掉的事来说明清洁工并不总是能分清现代艺术作品与垃圾即B项正确8．解析：选A 标题归纳题文章开头的前两句话点明了主题然后全文都是围绕清洁工误把现代艺术作品当成垃圾展开叙述的即A项正确.1～5 BFECA.
1．解析：选B 考查介词watch for固定搭配意为“当心(小孩冲出来)”故选B2．解析：选C 考查动词短语 speed up“加速”；move
off “离开”；slow
down“减速”；draw off “撤退脱掉”当车主觉得看到什么时将车速减慢下来故选C3．解析：选A 考查动词smash“砸”；throw“扔”；rush“冲出来”；attack“攻击”由上下文可知当车经过时一块砖猛地砸碎(smash into)在车的侧门上故选A4．解析：选D 考查名词车主很生气地踩了刹车并后退到砖头丢出来的地方故用spot选D5．解析：选B 考查动词车主生气故用shout选B6．解析：选A 考查动词车主接着又吼道：“你知道因为你扔的砖头要花费(cost)多少钱来修理这台新车吗？”故选A7．解析：选A 考查介词roll off“滚落下来”从后文提到的轮椅可知选A8．解析：选B 考查动词孩子不能把他哥哥抱起来(lift up)故选B9．解析：选C 考查动词从上文可知孩子很焦急应该是在啜泣呜咽故填sobbing选C10．解析：选A 考查形容词对小孩来说他哥哥很重故填heavy选A11．解析：选A 考查动词由下文可知车主被孩子的行为感动了故用moved选A12．解析：选B 考查动词spit“吐口水”；swallow“吞咽”；vomit“呕吐”；digest“消化”车主本还想责备那孩子但看到眼前的情景想说出口的话又咽了回去故填swallow选B13．解析：选C 考查动词scratch“抓刮”；apply“涂”；wipe“擦拭”；draft“起草打样”车主用手帕擦拭(wipe)小孩哥哥的伤口故选C14．解析：选A 考查形容词 由上文可知车主帮助了孩子孩子对其应是心存感激(grateful)故选A15．解析：选B 考查动词由下文“kept the dent (凹痕)”可知车主并未去修理(repair)车故选B16．解析：选A 考查动词remind“提醒”；warn“警告”；sense“感知”；detect“察觉”车主未修理车身凹痕是为了提醒(remind)自己不要太匆忙故选A17．解析：选D 考查名词不要等到有人用“扔砖头”来引起你的注意(attention)故选D18．解析：选B 考查名词从文章最后一句“Listen to the whispers of your soul ...”可知此空填soul故选B19．解析：选D 考查动词从文章最后一句“Listen to the whispers of your soul ...”可知此空填listen故选D20．解析：选C 考查名词文中之前提到的brick这句话指当生命想与你的心灵窃窃私语时若你没有时间你有两种选择：倾听你心灵的声音或让砖头来砸醒你！故选C.第一句：usually→usual第二句：while→when; hear→heard
第三句：happened→happening第四句：shocking→shocked; peoples→people第五句：去掉had; but→and第七句：his→my第八句：proud后加 of