2017高考英语【北师大版】一轮复习提能训练（21）含（解析）答案
高考题型提能练(二十一) Unit 21
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Dear Sir
I was surprised to read your recent editorial on the question of students' parttime jobs. You appear to be making lots of general comments on the basis of just one unfortunate case (I assure you that not all young people who deliver newspapers are as foolish and dishonest as the two youths mentioned in your article, and one singlecase is not strong enough in supporting a point as evidence. I think you wouldn't disagree with me at this point)．
The first point I would like to make is that there are many jobs teenagers can do which give them useful experience of the working world. They are brought into contact with a variety of people, often older, and are given experience of expressing themselves clearly and logically. Every young man will eventually be involved in social net work, and we can't expect them to act as a mature adult once they step out of school. I am thinking here of jobs such as travel guides and shop assistants. Parttime jobs are actually a kind of guiding that young people need before they play their role in real career.
Another argument for school children and college students having holiday or weekend jobs is that many parents need the financial assistance. If we take, for example, a family in which the father is unemployed or perhaps a singleparent family on a low income, it seems logical and fair that a son or daughter should try to bring money into the household. And I think it's also an education to young people what family responsibility is and what one should do in terms of showing their care and love.
One further thing I want to say is that a lot of jobs for the young can be fun for the people who do them and also useful to the community. Youngsters who help in schools, hospitals and with the elderly often gain a great deal of pleasure and satisfaction as well as contributing something valuable to local society. And the experience will make young people feel their value in our society so that they will be more eager to learn and more willing to offer their help.
In conclusion, I would add that when I was a girl, my father said my teens were a time for books, hobbies and academic studies. Thinking back, I feel I would have learnt much more—about myself, other people and life in general—if he had allowed me to do a limited amount of real work. Certainly, when she is old enough, I shall encourage my own daughter to do so, rather than waste her time with soap operas, computer games and discos, like so many young people today. I don't mean having fun is a waste of time. I just want to point out that fun and parttime jobs could be balanced.
Yours faithfully，
Margaret Williams
文章大意：本文是写给报社编辑的一封信。在信中，作者表达了对该社最近发表的关于“青少年不应该做兼职工作(打零工)”这篇文章的反对，并给出了自己的理由和见解。
1．Which of the following is true according to the letter?
A．Parttime jobs help teenagers develop social skills.
B．All young people doing parttime jobs are intelligent and honest.
C．Children in singleparent families should not do part time jobs.
D．The writer did parttime jobs when she was at school.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知，A项“打零工能够帮助孩子培养社会技能”表述正确。B项在文中没有涉及；根据第三段第二句可知，C项错误；根据最后一段第二句可知，D项错误。故答案选A。
2．What does the writer think many of the young people are doing now?
A．Taking some parttime jobs to help their family.
B．Doing their academic learning heart and soul.
C．Wasting time with soap operas and computer games or discos.
D．Doing community services by helping the old or the sick in hospitals.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第三句中的“waste her time with soap operas, computer games and discos, like so many young people today”可知，作者认为现在很多孩子都将时间浪费在看肥皂剧、玩游戏或去迪厅等娱乐上面了。故答案选C。
3．What can we learn from the letter?
A．The writer of the letter is doing some parttime jobs.
B．An article against teenagers' doing parttime jobs was published.
C．Teenagers of the time are not doing the right thing.
D．The writer of the letter is a teenager from a singleparent family.
答案：B 推理判断题。根据文章第一段可知，社论中就两个年轻人在送报纸的兼职工作中的不诚实行为做了很多评论，不赞成年轻人做兼职工作，故可推断出报社刊登的文章应是一篇“反对青少年做兼职工作”的文章。故答案选B。
B
(2016·河北省唐山市统一考试)Hybrid cars (混合动力车) are cars that run on petrol and electricity. They have a small standard petrol engine and a battery
electric motor to provide electric power.
There are some differences between different models of hybrid cars, but the general principle is that the car runs on petrol, and the electric motor kicks in when additional power is required, for example, when going uphill or accelerating. In some hybrid cars the petrol engine turns itself off when not needed, for example when the car has stopped at traffic lights, keeping only the electric engine running.
Conventional cars have large engines to deal with driving uphill and accelerating. Hybrid cars have much smaller petrol engines, improved by electric motors when needed, so they use less petrol. Another way that fuel consumption is cut is by a system of “regenerative (再生的) braking”. The electric motor is used to slow down the car, rather than conventional brakes. The energy produced by slowing the car is changed into electrical power, which is automatically stored in the battery. In effect, the battery recharges when you brake. In conventional cars the energy produced when braking is wasted.
In 1928, Ferdinand Porsche built an experimental hybrid car. The first massproduced hybrid car, the Toyota Prius, came out in Japan at the end of 1997. However, hybrid cars became available in the USA only in 1999. As they use less fuel, hybrid cars are cheaper to run. There are also many voices in place to encourage people to buy them. In some countries, hybrid car owners pay a lower rate of tax, and don't have to pay on certain roads. In some cities, hybrid cars are allowed to park for free.
1.Hybrid cars consume less energy than conventional cars because hybrid cars
have ________.
A.large engines to deal with accelerating
B.conventional brakes to slow down the car
C.no energy consumption when stopping
D.electric power to assist when needed
2.In regenerative braking, ________.
A.the conventional brakes are used to slow down the car
B.energy wasted in conventional cars is stored in the battery
C.the battery charges itself when the car is accelerating
D.the petrol engine is usually turned off automatically
3.From the last paragraph we can learn that hybrid cars ________.
A.will gain more popularity
B.were first available in the USA
C.free their owners from tax
D.are free to park anywhere in the city
4.The main purpose of this text is to ________.
A.show how hybrid cars slow down
B.encourage people to buy hybrid cars
C.inform people of a kind of energysaving car
D.explain why hybrid cars use less energy
1．解析：选D 细节理解题根据第三段第二句“Hybrid cars have much smaller ... use less petrol.”可知混合动力车必要时有电力支持所以消耗较少的能源解析：选B 细节理解题根据第三段可知混合动力车用电动马达减速而不是用传统的刹车电动马达降低车速时产生的电能会被自动储存在电池里而传统汽车浪费了刹车时产生的能量由此可知B项表述正确解析：选A 推理判断题根据最后一段中的“As they use less fuel, hybrid cars ... for free.”可推知使用混合动力车有很多好处所以混合动力车会很受欢迎解析：选C 写作意图题本文主要介绍了一种节约能源的车——混合动力车故应选择CC
When was the last time you did something really fun with one of your parents—just the two of you?
Parents who take their young children to music，swimming and art classes often stop arranging such activities once their kids are older and in school all day.But it doesn’t have to be that way.Doing something enjoyable with your kids just might make you look at each other in a whole new way，especially if you do it through a class or an event.When parent and child become students together，it puts them on the same level，at least for a while.
“I really like parents to come to class with their kids—they start sharing things and talking about what they’re doing and what they like，” said art teacher Pyper Dixon.
However，finding something new in common is a big
choice for them，especially when kids get involved in sports and other afterschool activities.But it’s possible to learn a new skill or hobby together.
That’s certainly true of Lauren,11，from Silver Spring，who is in Dixon’s class with her father，Dennis.“I was just going to drop her off，” Dennis said，“but Dixon persuaded me to stay.”
Now Lauren gets to nag her father about doing his art homework.“He always leaves it to the last minute，” she said.“But then he’ll turn around to do amazing drawings，”
she added.“We have different styles of drawing，so it’s interesting
to talk it over with him.”
Without the Saturday morning art class，Dennis said，he
would be reading the paper，and Lauren would be on her own in her room or on the computer.But they talk more now.“I can’t think of an experience where you communicate with your kid so closely，” he said.
1．The author raises the question at the beginning to________.
A．expect an answer
B．criticize some parents
C．introduce the topicD．support his argument
2．What does Dixon think is the benefit of parent and child studying art together?
A．They will become equal.
B．They will communicate more.
C．The child will learn art much better.
D．The parent will learn something new.
3．The underlined word “nag” in the text probably means________.
A．urgeB．help
C．ignore D．teach
4．We can learn from the text that________.
A．Lauren used to talk a lot with her father
B．Dennis enjoys studying art with Lauren
C．Lauren dislikes her father’s drawings
D．Dennis likes playing computer games
阅读理解
语篇解读 父母应与孩子一起参与有意义的活动，通过和孩子一起学习、运动等，可以增加与孩子交流的机会，从而增进感情。
1．解析： 篇章结构题。作者在第一段提出问题后，紧接着在第二段提出自己的观点，因此第一段提出问题是为了引出要讨论的话题，故选C。
答案： C
2．解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中Pyper Dixon所说的“they start sharing things and talking about what they’re doing and what they like”可知，Dixon认为父母同孩子一起上美术课的好处是可以增进交流。
答案： B
3．解析： 词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“He always leaves it to the last minute”可知，Lauren的父亲总是拖着不做作业，此处表示Lauren敦促父亲完成作业。
答案： A
4．解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后两句话可知，Dennis喜欢与Lauren一起上美术课。
答案： B
Ⅱ.任务型阅读
Get Help When You Need It
Sometimes even though you're paying attention in class, certain classes seem too hard. Although you may hope that things will get easier, most of the time this doesn't happen. It happens to many people that they work harder and harder as they fall further and further behind.
1.________ If you need extra help, the most important thing to know is that there's nothing embarrassing about it.
No one is expected to understand everything.
2.________ He or she may be able to work with you before or after school and explain things more clearly. If you're in a big enough school, there may be other teachers who teach the same subject. 3.________
Sometimes it just helps to have someone new explain something in a different way.
You might also be able to get some help from another student. If there's someone you like who's a good student, think about asking that person. This might help because you'll be hearing the information from the view of one of your students. 4.________ Lots of people understand something perfectly without being able to explain it.
5.________Tutors sometimes come to your home, but there are also tutoring centers across the country. Tutors work with you one on one, helping review and further explain things taught in the classroom. The advantage of having a tutor is that it gives you the opportunity to ask questions directly and work at your own pace.
A.However, they don't lose heart.
B.Naturally, this makes them hate a class.
C.Another choice for extra help is a tutor.
D.These students are all good at explaining.
E.The first place to turn to for help is your teacher.
F.Speak to the other teachers directly and you may be in luck.
G.However, keep in mind that this might not get you the results you need.
Ⅲ.语法填空
W：Jack, how have your two sons been doing at school recently?
J：Don't ask! Mark never starts studying, and Jason never stops
1.________ (study).
W：You're joking! I hear that Jason is likely 2.________ be at the top of his class after exam this year.
J：Yes，so his teachers say.He's been
3.________
(work) very hard at his books every evening for months on end recently.He is hoping
4.________ (enter) Harvard University.
W：Great.Maybe he'll become a university professor 5.________ (he) in the future.
J：Maybe.But sometimes I wish he'd go out and enjoy himself
6.________ a change.
W：Yes ... What about the younger one?
J：Well，Mark's teachers say he has ability，but he 7.________ (rare)
does his best.He does his homework in ten minutes every day and then 8.________
(rush) out to play football.
W：Perhaps he can make his fortune at football. People can make plenty
9.________
money from sports now.
J：My wife always worries about their future.
W：Perhaps you can have a talk with him now to find out 10.________ he is thinking about his studies and future plans.
J：Good idea.I'll take your advice.
Ⅳ.书面表达
(2016·内蒙古包头市学业水平测试与评估)假设你是某中学生英语报的小记者。右面图画内容是你的所见所闻，请根据要求写一篇英语短文并发表在该英语报上。
要求：1.描述图画内容；
2.分析图画所揭示的问题；
3.提出你的看法。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Last Sunday morning, I went to the community square for a walk.
高考题型提能练(二十一).1～5 BEFGC.
1．studying 考查固定短语stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”本句意为“杰森从来不会停止学习”故填studying2．to 考查固定短语be likely to do ...为固定短语意为“可能做某事”根据句子“Jason is likely ... be at the top of his class”可知杰森可能是班上的第一名故填to3．working 考查时态He's been是He has been的缩写根据时间状语“every evening for months(这几个月每天晚上) ”可知应用现在完成进行时表示“一直在……”故填working4．to enter 考查细节理解根据句子“He is hoping ... Harvard University”可知他这么努力学习应该是想上哈佛大学hope to do sth.“希望做某事” 因此填to enter5．himself 考查代词本句中不缺成分可知不会填代词主格形式此处用反身代词表加强语气或者强调故填himself6．for 考查介词搭配“我”希望他会出去好好玩一下来做一下改变for有表目的之意故填for7．rarely 考查词性转换本句中不缺成分谓语动词为does而rare是形容词不能修饰动词故要变为副词形式故填rarely8．rushes 考查时态本句为并列句前半句为一般现在时并列句前后时态应一致故后半句也应是一般现在时且主语为he谓语动词要变为单数故填rushes9．of 考查固定短语plenty of为固定短语表示“很多”此处意为赚很多的钱故填of10．what 考查宾语从句find out后为宾语从句what在从句中作宾语故填what.参考范文：Last Sunday morning, I went to the community square for a walk. It was a fine day and many people were walking around there. Suddenly, a welldressed man smoking a cigarette came into sight. He was walking a big frightening dog, which kept barking at people around loudly. Seeing this, a little girl was frightened, hid behind her mother and cried. The mother begged the man to walk away, but he ignored her and showed no shame for what he had done.
Obviously, the man does not care about other people's feelings. He is one of those people who just do things to please themselves, regardless of others.
In my opinion, everyone has a right to enjoy his or her life, but he or she mustn't do others harm while doing that.