分层限时跟踪练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The meeting aimed at strengthening safety awareness(aware) of the employees.
2．The report called for urgent(urge) action to reduce lead(铅) in petrol.
3．Some birds have a highly developed sense of taste(tasty)．
4．Can you see your reflection(reflect) in the glass?
5．The island is used to accommodate(accommodation) child refugees.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．I found my schoolbag throwing away by my classmate.
____________________________________________________
【答案】 throwing→thrown
2．It takes about half an hour to getting to the airport.
____________________________________________________
【答案】 getting→get
3．It was a time that I got on well with Mary.
____________________________________________________
【答案】 that→when
4．It is the poor man that always help me out when I'm in trouble.
____________________________________________________
【答案】 help→helps
5．Hearing the sudden shot，the little boy was almost scared death.
____________________________________________________
【答案】 scared后加to
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．她曾经一度无法忍受病痛，想结束自己的生命。(time)
It_was_a_time_when she could not bear the pain and wanted to kill herself.
2．我还需要反思我的粗心。(reflect)
I also need to reflect_on_my_carelessness.
3．根据他的描述，他在马路上看到的一切把他吓得要死。(scare)
According to his description，what he saw on the road scared_him_to_death.
4．重要的是学生逐渐懂得如何使用互联网。(aware)
It is important that the students develop_an_awareness_of how the Internet can be used.
5．如果你碰巧在野外走失，你最好待在你所在的地方，等待帮助。
If you happen to get lost in the wild，you'd better stay where_you_are_and_wait_for_help.
Ⅳ.阅读理解
(2016·甘肃第一次诊断)You may not know it but on our biosphere(生物圈)－Earth－there is also a relatively unknown world hiding in plain sight.It is made up of microbes(微生物)that live on floating pieces of plastic floating on the ocean.
This “Plastisphere” of microbial organism living on ocean plastic was first discovered last year and it is now getting studied.When researchers first examined the Plastisphere，they found at least 1,000 different types of microbes living on the tiny plastic islands，and worried that they might cause a risk to larger animals and humans.They also found that the Plastisphere's microbes included bacteria known to cause diseases in animals and humans.Since then，researchers have been trying to figure out why these potentially dangerous bacteria live on the Plastisphere，how they got there and how they are affecting the surrounding ocean.
New evidence suggests that “supercolonizers” form seeable clusters(丛)on the plastic in minutes.Other findings indicate that some types of harmful bacteria favor plastics more than others.And，scientists are exploring if fish or other ocean animals may be helping these pathogens(病原体)develop quickly by taking in the plastic.That could allow bacteria to acquire additional nutrients as they pass through the guts(肠子)of the fish，said Tracy Mincer，an associate scientist at Woods Hole Oceanographic Instiution in Woods hole，Mass.
Showing this information could help scientists better understand how much of a potential threat these harmful bacteria cause and the role the Plastisphere plays in the largest ocean ecosystem，including its potential to change nutrients in the water.That information could also help reduce the impact of plastic pollution in the ocean，Mincer said.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要向读者介绍了生存在海洋漂浮塑料物上的一些微生物，它们给人类和其他海洋生物的安全带来了潜在的威胁。
1．Researchers are worried about the microbes living on the floating pieces of plastic because________.
A．they might break the balance of the ecosystem in the sea
B．they might cause diseases to sea animals or humans
C．they will make the sea polluted more severely
D．they may reduce the food for the fish in the sea
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“They also found that the Plastisphere's microbes included bacteria known to cause diseases in animals and humans.”可知，研究者之所以担心这些微生物，是因为它们有可能给动物和人类带来疾病。故答案选B。
【答案】 B
2．How long does it take the microbes to form seeable clusters on the plastic?
A．Several years. B．A week.
C．A few seconds.
D．A few minutes.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“New evidence suggests that ‘supercolonizers’ form seeable clusters(丛)on the plastic in minutes.”可知，这种微生物只需要几分钟的时间就可以在塑料上形成肉眼可见的菌丛。故答案选D。
【答案】 D
3．What's the passage mainly about?
A．The latest research on the ocean.
B．Plastisphere affecting the surrounding ocean.
C．The secret world of the floating ocean Plastisphere.
D．Worries about the microbes on floating pieces of plastic.
【解析】 主旨大意题。文章主要向读者揭秘了地球上一些鲜为人知的微生物，它们生存在海洋中漂浮着的塑料上。C项意为“海洋中漂浮塑料物上的秘密世界”，体现出了文章中心。故答案选C。
【答案】 C
4．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．The process of the study still has a long way to go.
B．The potential threat of the bacteria does great harm to animals and humans.
C．The study is of great significance.
D．Scientists are studying further information about the microbes.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，对这种微生物的研究既可让科学家更好地了解它们对人类和其他海洋生物的潜在威胁，又可以帮助降低海洋塑料污染的影响。由此可推知，对这种微生物的研究很重要。故答案选C。
【答案】 C
Ⅴ.完形填空
Drama and the performing arts are excellent methods of building confidence in children and adults alike.Learning drama allows children to __1__ their creativity and have fun while leaving their __2__ and worries behind.Drama also works by supporting the growth of imagination and other skills.
Entertainment has become rather passive with __3__， television and video games becoming more popular.These screenbased methods have had a __4__ effect on communication.They prevent children communicating with others.__5__， drama puts the children enthusiastic about communication back into entertainment.Children have the opportunity to __6__ with others in a more meaningful way __7__ drama encourages speech development, awareness of body language and allows children to become more __8__ aware.
Play and drama are closely linked.When children play a game, they are using their __9__ and moving away from reality to __10__ their own story.Drama is a vehicle __11__ which children can express themselves more freely to make education fun.
Children gain __12__ by understanding that there is no final answer in drama and that their opinion and contribution are valued.They are able to __13__ to many issues and situations such as poverty, recycling and global warming.Drama and __14__ have a strong link as drama can __15__ children to take an active interest in other subjects such as geography, history and English and so they can __16__ a more rounded education.
As a drama teacher, I have witnessed a child at his first class holding on to his parent's arm—__17__ to let go.Then to see the same child running into my class with a smile is an __18__ sight.Drama installs confidence in children by allowing them to improvise(即兴创作)and experiment.Everyone is given the opportunity to shine __19__ drama.Besides learning the history of the theatre, drama __20__ dance, music, and directing, etc.These classes are especially designed to be of great fun.
【答案速查】 1－5 DCABA 6－10 CBDDA
11－15 ADCBC 16－20 ABBDC
【语篇解读】 学习戏剧表演能培养孩子的想象力，提高自信心和交际能力，还可以激发孩子对学习的兴趣。
1．A.express B．expose
C．experience
D．explore
【解析】 学习戏剧表演可以开发孩子们的创造力。explore“探索”；express“表达”；expose“暴露”；experience“经历”。
【答案】 D
2．A.excitement
B．happiness
C．shyness
D．sadness
【解析】 在此过程中孩子们会抛掉害羞和担心。第一句中的building confidence in children and adults alike是线索提示。
【答案】 C
3．A.movies
B．radios
C．media
D．drama
【解析】 与电视和视频游戏关系最相近的是电影。
【答案】 A
4．A.positive
B．negative
C．sensitive
D．subjective
【解析】 由下句They prevent children communicating with others.可知这些基于屏幕的娱乐活动对孩子们的交际产生了负面的影响。
【答案】 B
5．A.However
B．Besides
C．Therefore
D．Meanwhile
【解析】 上句讲这些基于屏幕的娱乐活动对孩子们的交际产生了负面的影响，而本句意为“戏剧表演将那些热衷于交际的孩子们重新带回到了娱乐活动中”，前后为转折关系。
【答案】 A
6．A.compare
B．discuss
C．connect
D．compete
【解析】 孩子们有机会以一种更有意义的方式与他人相处。connect with sb.“(与某人)沟通，相处”。compare“比较”；discuss“讨论”；compete“竞争”。
【答案】 C
7．A.though
B．as
C．if
D．before
【解析】 因为戏剧表演促进了说话能力的发展以及对肢体语言的认识，并提高了孩子们的社会意识。as“因为”；though“尽管”；if“如果”；before“在……之前”。
【答案】 B
8．A.mentally
B．physically
C．emotionally
D．socially
【解析】 参见上题解析。socially“社会地”；mentally“精神地”；physically“身体上地”；emotionally“感情地”。
【答案】 D
9．A.determination
B．consideration
C．communication
D．imagination
【解析】 根据空后的and moving away from reality to __10__ their own story可知，孩子们在玩游戏的时候，需要运用他们的想象力，并从现实转移到创作自己的故事中去。
【答案】 D
10．A.create
B．tell
C．read
D．believe
【解析】 参见上题解析。create“创造”；tell“告诉”；read“读”；believe“相信”。
【答案】 A
11．A.through
B．beyond
C．across
D．for
【解析】 戏剧表演是一个能让孩子们更加自由地表达自己以使教育有趣的工具。through“通过”；beyond“超越”；across“穿过”；for“为了”。
【答案】 A
12．A.success
B．hope
C．admiration
D．confidence
【解析】 根据第一段的Drama and the performing arts are excellent methods of building confidence in children and adults alike.可知。
【答案】 D
13．A.stick
B．turn
C．respond
D．reply
【解析】 他们能对诸如贫穷、回收利用和全球变暖等问题作出回应。respond to“回应，作出反应”；stick to“坚持”；turn to“转向”；reply to“回答”。
【答案】 C
14．A.language
B．education
C．play
D．entertainment
【解析】 根据第15空后的take an active interest in other subjects such as geography, history and English and so they can __16__ a more rounded education可知。
【答案】 B
15．A.persuade
B．require
C．encourage
D．train
【解析】 戏剧表演能提高孩子们对其他学科的兴趣。encourage sb.to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”；persuade“说服”；require“要求”；train“训练”。
【答案】 C
16．A.have
B．continue
C．provide
D．give
【解析】 因此他们能获得更全面的教育。have a more rounded education“接受更全面的教育”。
【答案】 A
17．A.tired
B．unwilling
C．sorry
D．pleased
【解析】 根据holding on to his parent's arm可知不愿松手。
【答案】 B
18．A.ordinary
B．excellent
C．odd
D．imaginary
【解析】 根据Then to see the same child running into my class with a smile可知用excellent。
【答案】 B
19．A.over
B．above
C．after
D．within
【解析】 每个人都有机会在戏剧表演中崭露头角。within“在……里面”；over“在……上”；above“在……上”；after“在……之后”。
【答案】 D
20．A.possesses
B．applies
C．covers
D．links
【解析】 由后半句dance, music, and directing, etc可知，除了学习戏剧的历史以外，戏剧表演还涵盖舞蹈、音乐和导演等方面。cover“包括，涉及”；possess“拥有”；apply“申请”；link“联系”。
【答案】 C