2017届高考英语一轮复习分层限时跟踪练：选修8-Unit 3《Inventors and inventions》（人教版新课标含解析）

　　分层限时跟踪练

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空

　　1．As far as I know，Lin Dan has already distinguished(distinguish) himself as an athlete.

　　2．The secretary arranged a convenient(convenience)time and place for the applicants to have an interview.

　　3．I don't associate him with energetic sports.

　　4．Mary has borne (bear) him six sons and the eldest son was born in 1970.

　　5．Before he could run away，she seized(seize) him by the collar.

　　Ⅱ.单句改错

　　1．Going straight on ，and you'll see a church.

　　____________________________________________________

　　【答案】　Going→Go

　　2．Though telling of the danger, he still risked his life to enter the cave.

　　____________________________________________________

　　【答案】　telling→told

　　3．The camera is such expensive that I can't afford it.

　　____________________________________________________

　　【答案】　such→so

　　4．Check it carefully before you will hand it in.

　　____________________________________________________

　　【答案】　去掉will

　　5．He is a young artist by great expectation.

　　____________________________________________________

　　【答案】　by→with

　　Ⅲ.完成句子

　　1．我想从贵公司订购一些茶叶。(order)

　　I'd_like_to_place_an_order_for some tea with you.

　　2．色盲的人往往很难区分蓝色和绿色。(distinguish)

　　Color blind people often find it_difficult_to_distinguish_between_blue _and_green.

　　3．有如此多的作业要做，我们没有时间休息。(倒装结构)

　　So much homework did_we_have_to_do_that we had no time to take a rest.

　　4．按一下按钮，门就会自动打开。(press)

　　Press_the_button_and the door will open by itself.

　　5．我们必须牢记中国是一个人口大国。(bear)

　　We must always bear_in_mind_that China is a big country with a huge population.

　　Ⅳ.阅读理解

　　A

　　(2017·天津高考)A world­famous Canadian author, Margaret Atwood, has created the world's first long­distance signing device(装置), the LongPen.

　　After many tiring book­signing tours from city to city，Atwood thought there must be a better way to do them.She hired some technical experts and started her own company in 2004.Together they designed the LongPen.Here's how it works: The author writes a personal message and signature on a computer tablet(手写板) using a special pen.On the receiving end, in another city, a robotic arm fitted with a regular pen signs the book.The author and fan can talk with each other via webcams(网络摄像机) and computer screens.

　　Work on the LongPen began in Atwood's basement(地下室)．At first, they had no idea it would be as hard as it turned out to be.The device went through several versions, including one that actually had smoke coming out of it.The inventing finally completed, test runs were made in Ottawa, and the LongPen was officially launched at the 2006 London Book Fair.From here, Atwood conducted two transatlantic book signings of her latest book for fans in Toronto and New York City.

　　The LongPen produces a unique signature each time because it copies the movement of the author in real time.It has several other potential applications.It could increase credit card security and allow people to sign contracts from another province.The video exchange between signer and receiver can be recorded on DVD for proof when legal documents are used.

　　“It's really fun”， said the owner of a bookstore, who was present for one of the test runs.“Obviously you can't shake hands with the author，but there are chances for a connection that you don't get from a regular book signing.”

　　The response to the invention has not been all favorable.Atwood has received criticism from authors who think she is trying to end book tours.But she said, “It will be possible to go to places that you never got sent to before because the publishers couldn't

　　afford it.”

　　【答案速查】　1－4　DBCBA

　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。如果你是一位著名的作家，需要到处签名的话，你会感到很累的。有了the LongPen，一切烦恼皆无，快来看看the LongPen是什么吧！

　　1．Why did Atwood decide to invent the LongPen?

　　A．To set up her own company.

　　B．To win herself greater popularity.

　　C．To write her books in a new way.

　　D．To make book signings less tiring.

　　【解析】　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句After many tiring book­signing tours from city to city，Atwood thought there must be a better way to do them.可知D项“使给书签名不再那么累”是发明the LongPen的初衷。根据第二段中的第一、二句After many...started her own company in 2004.知是为了发明the LongPen才成立的公司，可排除A项“为了成立她自己的公司”；B项“为她自己赢得更高的知名度”以及C项“用一种新的方法写书”在文中都没涉及。

　　【答案】　D

　　2．How does the LongPen work?

　　A．It copies the author's signature and prints it on a book.

　　B．It signs a book while

　　receiving the author's signature.

　　C．The webcam sends the author's signature to another city.

　　D．The fan uses it to copy the author's signature himself.

　　【解析】　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Here's how it works...知冒号后面的内容是描述the LongPen的工作原理的。根据The author writes a personal message and signature on a computer tablet using a special pen.On the receiving end，in another city，a robotic arm fitted with a regular pen signs the book.可知B项“它在收到作者的签名时在书上签字”与文意符合。A项“它复制作者的签名并把它印在书上”以及D项“粉丝自己用它复制作者的签名”在文中都未涉及；根据第二段中的The author and fan can talk with each other via webcams and computer screens.知C项“网络摄像机把作者的签名发送到另一个城市”是错误的。

　　【答案】　B

　　3．What do we know about the invention of the LongPen?

　　A．It has been completed but not put into use.

　　B．The basement caught fire by accident.

　　C．Some versions failed before its test run.

　　D．The designers were well­prepared for the difficulty.

　　【解析】　细节理解题。根据第三段中的The device went through several versions...The inventing finally completed...可知C项“在测试之前the LongPen有几个版本失败了”与文意符合；根据第三段中的．..the LongPen was officially launched at the 2006 London Book Fair.可以排除A项“它已完成，但还没被投入使用”；根据第三段中的including one that actually had smoke coming out of it可知一支笔还曾冒烟，可以排除B项“地下室意外着火了”；根据第三段中的第二句At first，they had no idea it would be as hard as it turned out to be.可以排除D项“设计者为困难做好了准备”。

　　【答案】　C

　　4．How could the LongPen be used in the future?

　　A．To draft legal documents.

　　B．To improve credit card security.

　　C．To keep a record of the author's ideas.

　　D．To allow author and fan to exchange videos.

　　【解析】　细节理解题。第四段中的第二句It has several other potential applications.是解本题的关键。根据第四段中最后一句．..for proof when legal documents are used.可以排除A项“起草法律文件”；根据第四段中第三句It could increase credit card security...知B项“提高信用卡的安全性”符合文意；根据第四段中第四句The video exchange between signer and receiver can be recorded on DVD...可以排除C项“记录作者的想法”和D项“允许作者和粉丝交换视频”。

　　【答案】　B

　　5．What could be inferred from Paragraphs 5 and 6?

　　A．Atwood doesn't mean to end book tours.

　　B．Critics think the LongPen is of little use.

　　C．Bookstore owners do not support the LongPen.

　　D．Publishers dislike the LongPen for its high cost.

　　【解析】　推理判断题。根据第六段中的Atwood has received criticism from authors who think she's trying to end book tours.知，有些作家认为the LongPen会结束签名售书的旅行，但实际上Atwood并无此意，因此A项是正确的，还可以排除B项“批评家认为the LongPen几乎没有用处”；根据第五段中的“It's really fun，”said the owner of a bookstore...可以排除C项“书店的主人不支持the LongPen”；根据第六段中的最后一句．..because the publishers couldn't afford it知出版商付不起的是旅游费，而不是the LongPen，因此排除D项。

　　【答案】　A

　　B

　　(2016·四川成都四校联考)Whether they are hunters or the hunted，these cunning animals are all masters of disguise(伪装)who can fool even the most beady­eyed passers­by into believing they are not there.Some hide under lily pads，and some dissolve into the bark of a tree while others slip into the snow，either to hide from a hungry predator or to silently stalk(追踪)an unwitting prey.

　　With their almost perfect camouflage，these animals are some of the Earth's best masters of disguise.However，while they can hide from their predators they cannot escape the sharp eyes of American photographer Art Wolfe，who has spent over 35 years roaming(漫步)the deserts of Africa，the rainforests of South America，the mountains of the United States and show plains of Canada to capture wildlife at its most invisibility.

　　The Seattle·WA photographer says that finding and filming these clever animals is a painstaking process，which often takes many hours.However for him，it is definitely worth the time because the thrill of capturing a creature that has managed to blend into its natural habitat so skillfully，is like none other.

　　His search has taken him to almost every continent in the world—from the deserts of Africa to the rainforests of South America and even，the snow plains of Canada.Over the years he has snapped so many amazing photos that he has been able to showcase them in two books—a children's book entitled Hiding Out that was first published in 2003 and Vanishing Act，which first came to bookstores in 2005—both have been translated into several languages and been extremely popular all over the world.

　　And，he is not done yet.The 61­year­old man who also happens to be a television producer continues to unearth nature's beauties under lily pads，dissovled into tree trunks or stealthily awaiting their prey in the white snow! Would you have been able to spot any of them if you had not known what they were like in the photographs？Be sure to let us know，by adding your comments below.

　　【答案速查】　6－9　CDBB

　　【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。许多动物为了躲避捕食者或者为了捕获食物，常常需要巧妙地伪装自己。美国摄影师阿尔特·沃尔夫花了35年时间，在世界各地寻找并拍摄这些伪装大师。

　　6．Some animals fool predators by ________.

　　A．keeping still on the tree

　　B．pretending to be friendly

　　C．disguising themselves

　　D．changing things around

　　【解析】　细节理解题。由第一段可知，有些动物通过伪装自己来躲过捕食者。

　　【答案】　C

　　7．How old was Art Wolfe when he began to take photos of these animals?

　　A．61. B．35.

　　C．29.

　　D．26.

　　【解析】　细节理解题。由第二段中的“Art Wolfe，who has spent over 35 years”和最后一段中的“The 61­year­old man who also happens to be a television producer”可知，阿尔特·沃尔夫26岁时开始拍摄这些动物。

　　【答案】　D

　　8．How did Art Wolfe feel when finding and filming these clever animals?

　　A．Easy and interested.

　　B．Hard and excited.

　　C．Comfortable and hard.

　　D．Complicated and boring.

　　【解析】　细节理解题。由第三段中的“finding and filming these clever animals is a painstaking process，which often takes many hours”和“the thrill of capturing a creature...is like none other.”可知，这个工作既辛苦又令他兴奋，故B项正确。

　　【答案】　B

　　9．What do you know according to Paragraph 4?

　　A．Art Wolfe was actually a writer.

　　B．Vanishing Act contains many pictures.

　　C．Hiding Out came to bookstores in 2005.

　　D．Art Wolfe could write in a few languages.

　　【解析】　细节理解题。由第四段中的“Over the years...and Vanishing Act”可知，Vanishing Act这本书里包含了很多他拍摄的照片。

　　【答案】　B

　　.语法填空

　　(2017·新课标全国卷)Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?

　　In 1969，the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland，Ohio.It 1.________(be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.The river was so polluted that it 2.________(actual)caught fire and burned.Now，years later，this river is one of 3.________ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.

　　But the river wasn't changed in a few days 4.________ even a few months.It took years of work 5.________(reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.Finally，that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 6.________(clean) than ever.

　　Maybe you are facing an impossible situation.Maybe you have a habit 7.________ is driving your family crazy.Possibly you drink too much or don't know how to control your credit card use.When you face such an impossible situation，don't you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?

　　While there are 8.________(amaze) stories of instant transformation，for most of us the 9.________(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work，like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be 10.________(patience)．

　　1．was　考查时态。事情发生在1969年，是一个过去的时间，故此处要用一般过去时。

　　2．actually　考查词性变换之形容词变为副词。空格处修饰动词caught和burned，故用副词形式actually。

　　3．the　考查定冠词的用法。后面的most outstanding最高级，其前面要用定冠词the。

　　4．or　考查并列连词。句意：但是河流不是几天或几个月就改变了的。a few days 和a few months为并列关系，且此句是否定句，因此要用or连接。

　　5．to reduce　考查非谓语动词之动词不定式。句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，故用to reduce。该句结构为It＋takes＋时间＋to do sth.。句意：减少工业污染和清理水需要数年的工作。

　　6．cleaner　考查形容词比较等级。从后面的than可知此处要用比较级，因此要用cleaner。

　　7．that/which　考查定语从句的引导词。定语从句的先行词为前面的habit，而该定语从句缺少主语，因此要用that或which引导。

　　8．amazing　考查词性转换之动词变为形容词。此处用形容词修饰名词stories。amaze的形容词有两个，一个是amazing，另一个是amazed。修饰物(stories)当然用amazing。

　　9．changes　考查名词复数。前面是定冠词the，因此后面要用名词，再由谓语动词are可知此空要用其名词的复数形式，故填changes。

　　10．patient　考查词性转换之名词变为形容词。此处用形容词作be的表语。名词patience(耐心)的形容词形式是patient(有耐心的)。