专题八 名词性从句
2016～2017年各省市高考题(改编)A卷 全国卷
单句语法填空/单句改错
1．(2016·全国，短文改错)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I love.________
答案 that→where [由句子结构可知，介词to之后为宾语从句。从句谓语是不及物动词live。where引导。]
2．(2016·全国，阅读B)We now realize ________ important family is and how important to be near them, especially when youre raising children.
答案 how [考查宾语从句的连接词。根据后面的how important可以看出此处也是填how。]
3．(2016·全国，短文改错)The summer holiday is coming.My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday.________
答案 how→what [考查疑问词的用法。我和同学们正在谈论what to do，如何用how结构为how to do sth。]
4．(2016·全国，阅读B)Members leave books on park benches and buses, in train stations and coffee shops.________ finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it.
答案 whoever [考查名词性主句中的主语从句。句意：无论是谁发现了他们的书，都去那儿，并记录下他们是在哪儿发现的书。]
5．(2016·全国，阅读D)The journey was intended to achieve more than ________Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done.
答案 what [考查名词性从句，引导词在从句中做had done的宾语，故用what。]
6．(2015·全国，70)As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly________thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
答案 how [根据句意，应用how连接宾语从句。]
7．(2017·全国大纲，短文改错)This is how I need to improve in the future.________
答案 how→where [根据上文提到where。]
8．(2017·全国，26)Police have found________appears to be the lost ancient statue.
答案 what [此句考查名词性从句，根据句式后文缺少主语，代指事物，故用what。]
9．(2017·全国，24)It is by no means clear________the president can do to end the strike.
答案 what [此句考查名词性从句。句意：总统会做什么来结束罢工绝不清楚。]
10．(2017·全国，短文改错)．..but before long they began to see which was happening.________
答案 which→what [名词性从句的引导词错误。what作句中的主语。]
B卷 地方卷
用适当的连接词填空
1．(2016·北京，24)Your support is important to our work.________you can do helps.
答案 whatever [考查名词性从句。句意：你的支持对我们很重要，无论你们做什么都会有帮助。从句动词do需要宾语，且引导主语从句，故用whatever。]
2．(2016·北京，29)The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is________one can be entirely dust.
答案 that [考查名词性从句。句意：雨季最令人愉快的事情是人可以完全免于尘埃。分析句子结构可知is后的表语从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，故选D ]
3．(2016·四川，七选五)Scientists are still not exactly sure ________genes influence aging, but they believe that they do.
答案 how [句意：科学家仍然不确定基因是如何影响人的年龄的，但是他们相信会影响。用how最为贴切。]
4．(2016·江苏，21)It is often the case________anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
答案 that [考查主语从句的引导词。句意：通常情况下，对于那些坚持希望的人来说，一切皆有可能。本句中的it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的名词性从句，从句结构完整，不缺成分也不缺意义，故要用that引导。]
5．(2015·江苏，25)________ Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some wont accept it.
答案 Where [句意：李白，一个伟大的中国诗人，其出生地是众所周知的，但也有一些人不接受它。从句where Li Bai was born作该句子的主语。]
6．(2015·湖南，26)You have to know ________ youre going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.
答案 where [句意：如果你要计划到达某地的最佳路线，你必须首先知道你想要去哪。where引导宾语从句，在从句中用作地点状语。]
7．(2015·北京，33)I truly believe ________ beauty comes from within.
答案 that [句意：我真的相信美来自人的内心。宾语从句意思完整只缺连接词，故用that。]
8．(2015·北京，35)________ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.
答案 How [句意：我们怎样理解事物与我们所感觉________ what we understand things”为主语从句，结合句意可知要用how。]
9．(2015·浙江，6)If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to investigate ________ is below the water surface.Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.
答案 what [句意：如果你在河里或湖里游泳的话，务必调查清楚水面之下有什么。水中经常隐藏着石头或树枝。根据后面rocks and branches可知，此处要用what来引导。]
10．(2015·重庆，8)We must find out ________ Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.
答案 when [句意：我们必须知道他什么时候来，以便我们能给他预定房间。根据后面的so we can book a room for him可知这里指时间，故用when引导。]
11．(2015·陕西，19)Reading her biography，I was lost in admiration for ________Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.
答案 what [句意：读了多丽丝·莱辛的传记，我很钦佩她在文学上获得的成就。考查名词性从句。考查宾语从句的连接词。在介词for后的是宾语从句，从句中缺少achieve的宾语，故用what引导。]
12．(2015·四川，8)The exhibition tells us________we should do something to stop air pollution.
答案 why [考查宾语从句。句意：这个展览告诉了我们，我们为什么要阻止空气污染。宾语从句缺少状语，根据意义为why。]
13．(2015·安徽，25)A ship in harbor is safe, but thats not________ships are built for.
答案 what [句意：船停放在海港里是很安全的，但这并非建造船的目的。该题考查表语从句。isnt后跟从句作表语，表语从句中的for后缺少宾语，用what引导，what与for连用，表示目的。What在句中既作连接词又作从句中的for的宾语。]
14．(2015·福建，29)—I wonder ________ Mary has kept her figure after all these years.
—By working out every day.
答案 how [句意：——我想知道玛丽这些年是如何保持了那么好的身材。——通过每天锻炼。考查宾语从句的连接词。根据回答by doing可知是问的方式。]
15．(2017·陕西，15)________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.
答案 When [考查主语从句。句意：延误的航班什么时候起飞很大程度上取决于天气。根据句意，需要用When。]
16．(2017·天津，14)I think ________ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.
答案 what [考查名词性从句。句意：我认为他的绘画给我印象最深的就是他所使用的颜色。根据结构该空所填词汇引导主语从句，引导词是物，在其中作主语，故用what。]
17．(2017·浙江，8)“Every time you eat a sweet，drink green tea.”This is ________ my mother used to tell me.
答案 what [考查表语从句。句意：每次吃糖时，喝点绿茶。这是妈妈过去常对我说的话。]
18．(2017·四川，2)Grandma pointed to the hospital and said，“Thats ______ I was born.”
答案 where考查表语从句。根据前面hospital一词及从句结构可知，表语从句中缺少地点状语。]
19．(2017·湖南，24)As John Lennon once said，life is ________ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.
答案 what [考查名词性从句。句意：正如John Lennon曾经说过的一样，生活就是当你忙着制订其他计划而发生在你身上的一切。所填词汇在句中引导表语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，用what。]
20．(2017·重庆，12)—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?
—Yeah，but I have no idea ________ he did it；thats one of his favorite universities.
答案 why [考查同位语从句。由题意可知：耶鲁大学是Mike最喜爱的大学之一，可他却拒绝入学，真不知道他为什么会这样。因此可知why为最佳答案。]
21．(2017·重庆，28)________struck me most in the movie was the fathers deep love for his son.
答案 What [本题考查主语从句。句意：这部电影让我最感动的地方就是父亲对儿子的深深的爱。主句谓语动词was之前为主语从句，其中缺少主语指事物，故使用代词what。]
22．(2017·江西，30)________ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.
答案 Whichever [本题考查主语从句。句意：无论你们当中哪个人弄坏窗子都必须赔偿。主句谓语为will have to pay，之前为主语从句，根据句意， Whichever“无论哪一个”，作定语，修饰one。]
23．(2017·山东，30)Its good to know________ the dogs will be well cared for while we’re away.
答案 that [本题考查宾语从句。句意：知道当我们外出时这些狗狗将会得到精心的护理是一件好事。动词know之后为宾语从句，从句中意思完整，也不缺少成分，故用that表陈述一件事实。]
24．(2017·湖南，28)Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell ________ close you may be to victory.
答案 how [本题考查宾语从句。句意：千万不要让失败使你丧气，你可能不知道自己距离成功有多近了。动词tell之后为宾语从句，宾语从句部分由感叹句转换而来，修饰形容词close用how。]
25．2017·陕西，20)As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose ________ suits you best.
答案 whichever [考查宾语从句。句意：提供的课程多达五种，你可以任意选择最适合你的一门课程。所填词引导的从句作动词choose的宾语，引导词在从句中作主语，意思是：无论哪一个。]