专题技能突破(15)语法填空之非谓语
【技能讲解】 当括号内给出的是动词，而且所在句子已经有了谓语，就要考虑使用非谓语动词来作状语、定语、补语等。在名词后时，常作定语，需要分析名词和动词的主被动关系，doing表主动、伴随，done表被动、完成。典例剖析
1.[2015·课标全国卷]A study of travelers ________ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.
[答案] conducted conduct和study是被动关系，所以用过去分词形式作study的后置定语。
2．[2015·天津高考] ________ (absorb) in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching.
[答案] Absorbed 由于全神贯注地画画，约翰没有察觉到夜幕降临了，结合固定搭配be absorbed in，可知用absorbed作原因状语。
3．[2015·广东高考]Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees ________ (sell) the wood.
[答案] to sell 根据句意判断，砍树是为了卖木头，用to sell表目的。
4．[2015·浙江高考]Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it ________ (perform) live is quite another.
[答案] being performed performed作hear的补语，it与perform间为逻辑上的被动关系且表进行，故答案为being performed。
5．[2016·江西红色六校联考]Most of her spare time ________ (occupy), she will kept on her research in the library.
[答案] occupied 句意：虽然她的大部分业余时间都被占用了，但她仍然在图书馆进行她的研究。本句为含有非谓语动词的独立主格结构，因为“时间”和“占用”为被动关系，且表示完成，故用过去分词形式。
技能点拨 现在分词和过去分词的选用判断主被动关系尤为重要。空白处作状语时，要判断空白处动词的逻辑主语和动词的关系；空白处作定语时，判断空白处动词与其修饰的名词的关系；空白处作宾补时，判断空白处动词与宾语的关系，主动关系选用现在分词，被动关系选用过去分词。
技能演练
用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1．Nowadays, the Chinese words “tuhao” have become so familiar to many Chinese people that they often play jokes on each other when
________ (chat) about the daily life.
答案：chatting chat和they是主动关系，用chatting作状语，注意chat为重读闭音节，需双写字母t。
2．Last night, there were millions of people
________ (watch) the opening ceremony live on TV.
答案：watching watch修饰people作定语，主动关系，用watching。
3．Storms that produced at least 13 tornadoes swept along New Mexico's border with Texas on Friday, ________ (destroy) homes and other building and injuring at least 16 people, authorities said.
答案：destroying 现在分词作结果状语表示“自然而然”或“意料之中”的结果。
4．When we saw the road ________ (block) with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.
答案：blocked blocked作saw的补语，和road是被动关系，用过去分词形式。
5．The thought of making an open fire outside at midday, and ________ (cook) in a large threelegged pot in that intense heat, was sufficient to upset even an angel.
答案：cooking cooking和making并列，作of 的宾语。
6．The days we spent at the Center inspired us boys ________ (reflect) on many things.
答案：to reflect “inspire sb. to do sth.”固定用法“鼓舞/激励某人做某事”。