专题技能突破(20)短文改错之分析句子，纠正“句法”错误 【技能讲解】 分析句子，检查三大从句的引导词是否符合语法规则，如定语从句的引导词that， which， who， where等的使用是否正确，名词性从句的引导词that和what 是否混用，状语从句的使用是否把although和but， because和so重复使用。检查感叹句的感叹词what， how使用是否正确。此外，分析句子的主语谓语在数上是否一致，特别是定语从句中的谓语动词单复数，是否和作主语的关系代词所指定的名词单复数一致。典例剖析1.Obeying the traffic rules are what all of us should pay attention to particularly.
[答案] are→is 考查主谓一致。由动名词、动词不定式、从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Obeying the traffic rules是动名词短语作主语，因此谓语动词用单数。
2．How a wonderful world he leads us to.
[答案] How→What 考查感叹句式。how后加形容词，what后加名词，a wonderful world为名词短语，因此用what。
3．The capital city is Lhasa, what is honored as “The highest city in the world”.
[答案] what→which 考查定语从句引导词。what不是定语从句的引导词，在非限制性定语从句中作主语且指物Lhasa的关系代词只能用which。
4．[2015·课标全国卷]After looking at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing.
[答案] where→that或去掉where 考查宾语从句引导词。此处宾语从句不缺成分且意思完整，故用that引导，that也可省略。
技能演练
1.单句改错
(1)Although she received little school education, but she is aware that knowledge is of great importance to young people.
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(2)If you notice that when someone is missing or hurt, tell your teacher immediately.
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(3)The family as well as their dog was trapped on the roof
by the flood.
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(4)I'm sure it won't be long until we find out the truth.
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(5)He is the only one of the students who have been to America.
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答案：(1)去掉but (2)去掉when (3)was→were
(4)until→before (5)have→has
2．短文改错
One day I pushed my cousin Li Dong in wheelchair on an especially narrow sidewalk. We struggle along with one wheel on the sidewalk or the other on the road. Sudden, a man riding his motorcycle passed us rapidly, missing Li Dong by several inch. Immediately, he stopped his motorcycle, turned round and came over. We
were worried he would blame us for have stood in his way. To his surprise, he said nothing at all and helped out push the wheelchair until we reached a slightly wider sidewalk. Then he left after we could say thanks to him. We were leaving ashamed of what we had thought.
答案：
One day I pushed my cousin Li Dong in
wheelchair on an especially narrow sidewalk. We
along with one wheel on the sidewalk
the other on the road. ， a man riding his motorcycle passed us rapidly, missing Li Dong by several . Immediately, he stopped his motorcycle, turned round and came over. We
were worried he would blame us for
stood in his way. To
surprise, he said nothing at all and helped
push the wheelchair until we reached a slightly wider sidewalk. Then he left
we could say thanks to him. We were
ashamed of what we had thought.