专题技能突破(26)写作基础篇——句子成分之定语
【技能讲解】 定语用来修饰或限定名词或代词，可作定语的有形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句。典例剖析
1.[2015·课标全国卷] It carries articles written_by_foreign_ friends_about_the_cultures_of_their_home_countries.
[答案] written by...过去分词短语作后置定语，表被动。句意：它刊登了外国友人写的关于他们家乡文化的文章。
2．[2015·陕西高考]Successfully, I have lent a helping hand to her in several_English
activities of_my_class,_which_have_been_appreciated_by_both_teachers_and_my_classmates.
[答案] 本句中，使用了形容词helping、several English，介词短语of my class, which引导的定语从句，多种形式作定语，使整句话显得饱满。句意：我成功地在几次班级的英语活动中向她伸出援助之手，这也受到了老师和同学们的赞赏。
3．[2015·河北质检]Every class is required to put on one performance, in_which_students_can_sing_songs,_dance,_act_out_
textbook_dramas,_tell_stories_or_give_speeches.
[答案] 本句中in which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰performance，成为亮点。句意：每个班级都需要表演节目，学生可以唱歌、跳舞、表演课本中的剧目、讲故事或者做演讲。
技能点拨 写好定语从句的三个步骤：首先，写出两个简单句；然后，找出两个简单句中重叠的名词；最后用相应的关系词连接。分词作定语也可以转换成定语从句。
技能演练
补全句子
1．During holiday seasons, I will live in the countryside, _________ (那儿的空气清新、人们友好)．
答案：where air is fresh and people are friendly
2．When I was enjoying the ________(美妙的) scenery around, something ________
(令人不悦的)caught my eyes.
答案：fantastic;
unpleasant
3．To avoid such conflicts, we should be kind to one another, ______________________________________ (这对我们享受和谐生活至关重要) harmonious
life.
答案：which is essential to enjoying
4．Mrs Wang is the teacher _________________________________ (她的儿子被北大录取了)．
答案：whose son was admitted to Beijing University
5．There are more than 740 million Chinese ____________________ (接触到二手烟， expose) in public places now.
答案：exposed to secondhand smoking