Section 12 阅读理解
轶事趣闻类
推理判断题解题技巧(Ⅱ)
1．借助常识进行推理判断
众所周知，常识是人们普遍认可与赞同的观点，是准确无误的信息。因此利用常识可进行推理判断，并且快速高效。
【典例】
All of this was about more than convenience.There existed a close relationship between families and their milkmen.Mr.Basille even had a key to our house，for those times when it was so cold outside that we put the box indoors，so that the milk wouldn’t freeze.And I remember Mr.Basille from time to time taking a break at our kitchen table，having a cup of tea and telling stories about his delivery.
What can be inferred from the fact that the milkman had the key to the boy’s house?
A．He wanted to have tea there.
B．He was a respectable person.
C．He was treated as a family member.
D．He was fully trusted by the family.
解析 由常识可以推出一个外人若拥有特定家庭的钥匙说明其得到这个家庭的充分信任。
答案 D
2．对文章的体裁和来源作出判断
考试大纲明文规定：体裁避免单一化，包括记叙文、说明文、应用文等。而文章的来源指的是
1．This selection(节选)might be some parts of a book concerned with________．
2．This passage might be taken out of a book dealing with ________．
3．Where did this passage most probably appear?
4．These extracts(摘录)are probably taken from________．
根据其写作特点和叙述的故事内容、评论、阐述对话各有其特点判断体裁是不难区分的。判断其来源要留心所选的部分是哪一类的，涉及哪方面的内容。一篇故事是不可能取材于科学杂志，资讯报道也不可能刊载在书评内。因此判断文章来源应将文章的形式及内容特点加以综合考虑才能下结论。例如：
【典例】
More than 30，000 drivers and front seat passengers are killed or seriously injured(受伤)each year.At a speed of only 30 miles per hour it is the same as falling from a third floor window.Wearing a seat belt(安全带)saves lives；it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half.
Therefore drivers or front seat passengers over 14 in most vehicles must wear a seat belt.If you do not，you could be fined up to $50.It will not be up to the drivers to make sure you wear your belt.But it will be the driver’s responsibility(责任)to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing seat belt of some kind.
However，you do not have to wear a seat belt if you are reversing(倒退)your vehicle or you are making a local delivery(发送)or collection using a special vehicle；or if you have a valid medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it.Make sure these circumstances(情形)apply to you before you decide not to wear your seat belt.Remember you may be taken to court for not doing so，and you may be fined if you cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it.
This text is taken from________．
A．a medical magazine
B．a police report
C．an advertisement(广告)
D．a government information booklet(小册子)
解析 这篇
答案 B
3．对文章的前后内容作出判断和预测
这是要求考生对该段前未选取部分或后面将要谈及的内容作出判断或预测。
由于所选文章的前后内容都未出现，且该部分是孤立的一段或几段，因此要准确作出判断并非易事。这就要求我们在看文章时要带着问题去阅读。
首先，我们对所读的选段要有一个全局的概念，弄清它所涉及的全部内容哪些可最常选摘的部分。正文的各段内容都由导言确定，也就是说正文不论述导言中未提及的观点和内容。结束语是文章的收尾部分，尤其是正式论文往往通过它而使全篇得到提纲挈领的概括并从中得出结论。因此通过对文章篇章结构的分析就可判
忠于原文，合理推断
推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，但答案的依据一定在原文中，因此在推理过程中一定要忠于原文，在文中寻找并确定可推断的依据，即已知部分——推断的前提，从中推出未知部分——推断的结论。这就要求考生不仅要读懂所涉及的每个句子的意思，推断出它们之间的关系，而且要结合自己的生活常识和经验，通过逻辑推理和判断理解文章的话外之音，言外之意。
做推理判断题时要注意以下几点：
1．选项内容与原文相同，不需要经过推断，这样的选项直接排除。
2．绝对化、扩大化的选项要排除。
3．与文章主基调不相符的结论也要淘汰。
4．推断时要客观，忠于原文，不要受主观意识的影响。
Passage 1
(2016·全国)I am Peter Hodes, a volunteer stem courier．Since March 2017, I’ve done 89 trips of those, 51 have been abroad, I have 42 hours to carry stem cells(干细胞)in my little box because I’ve got two ice packs and that’s how long they last.In all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we’ve got 72 hours at most, So I am always conscious of time.
I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America.I picked up the stem cells in Providence, Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London.But when I arrived at the check－in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said：“Well, I’m really sorry, I’ve got some bad news for you—there are no flights from Washington.”So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said：“In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient—please, please, you’ve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.”She just dropped everything.She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me.re－routed(改道)me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.
For this courier job, you’re consciously aware that in that box you’ve got something that is potentially going to save somebody’s life.
1．Which of the following can replace the underlined word“courier” in Paragraph 1?
A．provider
B．delivery man
C．collector
D．medical doctor
2．Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42 hours?
A．He cannot stay away from his job too long.
B．The donor can only wait for that long.
C．The operation needs that very much.
D．The ice won’t last any longer.
3．Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?
A．To London.
B．To
Newark.
C．To Providence.
D．To Washington.
Passage 2
(2016·全国)On one of her trips to New York several years ago, Eudora Welty decided to take a couple of New York friends out to dinner.They settled in at a comfortable East Slide café and within minutes, another customer was approaching their table.
“Hey, aren’t you from Mississippi？” the elegant, white－haired writer remembered being asked by the stranger.“I’m from Mississippi too.”
Without a second thought, the woman joined the Welty party.When her dinner partner showed up, she also pulled up a chair.
“They began telling me all the news of Mississippi，” Welty said.“I didn’t know what my New York friends were thinking.”
Taxis on a rainy New York night are rarer than sunshine.By the time the group got up to leave, it was pouring outside.Welty’s new friends immediately sent a waiter to find a cab.Heading back downtown toward her hotel, her big－city friends were amazed at the turn of events that had changed their Big Apple dinner into a Mississippi.
“My friends said: ‘Now we believe your stories，’” Welty added.“And I said: ‘Now you know.These are the people that make me write them．’”
Sitting on a sofa in her room, Welty, a slim figure in a simple gray dress, looked pleased with this explanation.
“I don’t make them up，” she said of the characters in her fiction these last 50 or so years.“I don’t have to.”
Beauticians, bartenders, piano players and people with purple hats, Welty’s people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends, from walks through the streets of her native Jackson, Miss., from conversations overheard on a bus.It annoys Welty that, at 78, her left ear has now given out.Sometimes, sitting on a bus or a train, she hears only a fragment(片段) of a particularly interesting story.
1．What happened when Welty was with her friends at the cafe?
A．Two strangers joined her.
B．Her childhood friends came in.
C．A heavy rain ruined the dinner.
D．Some
people held a party there.
2．The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 6 refers to Welty’s________．
A．readers
B．parties
C．friends
D．stories
3．What can we learn about the characters in Welty’s fiction?
A．They live in big cities
B．They are mostly women
C．They come from real life
D．They are pleasure seekers
Passage 3
(2016·北京高考)
Surviving Hurricane Sandy(飓风桑迪)
Natalie Doan，14，has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway，New York.Living just a few blocks from the beach，Natalie can see the ocean and hear the waves from her house.“It’s the ocean that makes Rockaway so special，” she says.
On October 29，2017，that ocean turned fierce.That night，Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast，and Rockaway was hit especially hard.Fortunately，Natalie’s family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city’s bridges closed.
When they returned to Rockaway the next day，they found their neighborhood in ruins.Many of Natalie’s friends had lost their homes and were living far away.All around her，people were suffering，especially the elderly.Natalie’s school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn.
In the following few days，the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie.Volunteers came with carloads of donated clothing and toys.Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild.Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high－rise buildings.
“My mom tells me that I can’t control what happens to me，” Natalie says，“but I can always choose how I deal with it.”
Natalie’s choice was to help.
She created a website page，matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help.Natalie posted information about a boy named Patrick，who lost his baseball card collection when his house burned down.Within days，Patrick’s collection was replaced.
In the coming months，her website page helped lots of kids: Christopher，who received a new basketball; Charlie，who got a new keyboard.Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much－needed supplies to Rockaway.Her efforts made her a famous person.Last April，she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change.
Today，the scars(创痕)of destruction are still seen in Rockaway，but hope is in the air.The streets are clear，and many homes have been rebuilt.“I can’t imagine living anywhere but Rockaway，” Natalie declares.“My neighborhood will be back，even stronger than before.”
1．When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane，she found ________．
A．some friends had lost their lives
B．her neighborhood was destroyed
C．her school had moved to Brooklyn
D．the elderly were free from suffering
2．According to Paragraph 4，who inspired Natalie most?
A．The people helping Rockaway rebuild.
B．The people trapped in high－rise buildings.
C．The volunteers donating money to survivors.
D．Local teenagers bringing clothing to elderly people.
3．How did Natalie help the survivors?
A．She gave her toys to other kids.
B．She took care of younger children.
C．She called on the White House to help.
D．She built an information sharing platform.
4．What does the story intend to tell us?
A．Little people can make a big difference.
B．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
C．East or west，home is best.
D．Technology is power.
Passage 1
(2015·全国Ⅱ)My
color television has given me nothing but a headache.I was able to buy it a little over a year ago
because I had my relatives give me
money for my birthday instead of a lot of clothes that wouldn’t fit.I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model.I realized this a day later，when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventy－five dollars less than I had paid.The set worked so beautifully when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed__off
for the night.Fortunately，I didn’t got any channels showing all－night movies or I would never have gotten to bed.
Then I started developing a problem with the set that involved static (静电) noise.For some reason，when certain shows switched into a commercial，a loud noise would sound for a few seconds.Gradually，this noise began to appear during a show，and to get rid of it，I had to change to another channel and then change it back.Sometimes this technique would not work，and I had to pick up the set and shake it to remove the sound.I actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉) shaking my set.
When neither of these methods removed the static noise，I would sit helplessly and
wait for the noise to go away.At last I ended up hitting the set with my fist，and it stopped working altogether.My trip to the repair shop cost me $62，and the set is working well now，but I keep expecting more trouble.
1．Why did the author say he was fooled into buying the TV set?
A．He got an older model than he had expected.
B．He couldn’t return it when it was broken.
C．He could have bought it at a lower price.
D．He failed to find any movie shows on it.
2．Which of the following can best replace the phrase “signed off” in Paragraph 1?
A．ended all their programs
B．provided fewer channels
C．changed to commercials
D．showed all－night movies
3．How did the author finally get his TV set working again?
A．By shaking and hitting it.
B．By turning it on and off.
C．By switching channels.
D．By having it repaired.
4. How does the author sound when telling the story?
A．Curious.
B．Anxious.
C．Cautious.
D．Humorous.
Passage 2
(2015·陕西高考)When the dog named Judy spotted the first sheep in her life，she did what comes naturally.The four－year－old dog set off racing after the sheep across several fields and，being a city animal，lost both her sheep and
her sense of direction.Then she ran along the edge of a cliff (悬崖) and fell 100 feet，bouncing off a rock into the sea.
Her owner Mike Holden panicked and called the coastguard of Cornwall，who turned up in seconds.Six volunteers slid down the cliff with
the help of a rope but gave up all hope of finding her alive after a 90－minute search.
Three days later，a hurricane hit the coast near Cornwall.Mr.Holden returned home from his holiday upset and convinced his pet was dead.He comforted himself with the thought she had died in the most beautiful part of the country.
For the next two weeks，the Holdens were heartbroken.Then，one day，the phone rang and Steve Tregear，the coastguard of Cornwall，asked Holden if he would like his dog back.
A birdwatcher，armed with a telescope，found the pet sitting desperately on a rock.While he sounded the alarm, a student from Leeds climbed down the cliff to collect Judy.
The dog had initially been knocked unconscious (失去知觉的) but had survived by drinking water from a fresh stream at the base of the cliff.She may have fed on the body of a sheep which had also fallen over the edge.“The dog was very thin and hungry，”Steve Tregear said.“It was a very lucky dog.She survived because of a plentiful supply of fresh water，”he added.
It was，as Mr.Holden admitted，“a minor miracle (奇迹)”．
1．The dog Judy fell down the cliff when she was ________．
A．rescuing her owner
B．caught in a hurricane
C．blocked by a rock
D．running after a sheep
2．Who spotted Judy after the accident?
A．A birdwatcher.
B．A student from Leeds.
C．Six volunteers.
D．The coastguard of Cornwall.
3．What can we infer from the text?
APeople like to travel with their pets.
B．Judy was taken to the fields for hunting.
C．Luck plays a vital role in Judy’s survival.
D．Holden cared little where Judy was buried.
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Miracle of the Coastguard.
B．Surviving a Hurricane.
C．Dangers in the Wild.
D．Coming Back from the Dead.
Passage 3
(2017·北京高考)
The Brown Bear
My wife Laura and I were on the beach，with three of our children，taking pictures of shore birds near our home in Alaska when we spotted a bear.The bear was thin and small，moving aimlessly.
Just a few minutes later，I heard my daughter shouting，“Dad！The bear is right behind us！”An aggressive bear will usually rush forward to frighten away its enemy but would suddenly stop at the last minute.This one was silent and its ears pinned back—the sign (迹象) of an animal that is going in for the kill.And it was a cold April day.The bear behaved abnormally，probably because of hunger.
I held my camera tripod (三脚架) in both hands to form a barrier as the bear rushed into me.Its huge head was level with my chest and shoulders，and the tripod stuck across its mouth.It bit down and I found myself supporting its weight.I knew I would not be able to hold it for long.
Even so，this was a fight I had to win：I was all that stood between the bear and my family，who would stand little chance of running faster than a brown bear.
The bear hit at the camera，cutting it off the tripod.I raised my left arm to protect my face；the beast held tightly on the tripod and pressed it into my side.My arm could not move，and I sensed that my bones were going to break.
Drawing back my free hand，I struck the bear as hard as I could for five or six times.The bear opened its mouth and I grasped its fur，trying to push it away.I was actually wrestling (扭打) with the bear at this point.Then，as suddenly as it had begun，the fight ended.The bear moved back towards the forest，before returning for another attack—the first time I felt panic.
Apparently satisfied that we caused no further threat，the bear moved off，destroying a fence as it went.My arm was injured，but the outcome for us could hardly have been better.I’m proud that my family remained clear－headed when panic could have led to a very different outcome.
1．The brown bear approached the family in order to ________．
A．catch shore birdsB．start an attack
C．protect the children D．set up a barrier for itself
2．The bear finally went away after it ________．
A．felt safe B．got injured
C．found some food D．took away the camera
3．The writer and his family survived mainly due to their ________．
A．pride B．patience
C．calmness D．cautiousness
Passage 4
(2017·湖北高考)Before I had my son，I spent two years working with children with disabilities.I learned that shouting and threats of punishment would result in a disaster.Coming up against their behaviour could only make the job harder and their behaviour more extreme.I found something that worked，though.
There was a very naughty boy in the nursery and a teacher who was generally very confident with the children was asked to take charge of him.One day the boy joined a session in the room next to mine.His appearance created an atmosphere of tension.He spent the entire session running around，hitting and kicking，and destroying property.
I was in the craft room working with some other children when my co－worker told me that this boy’s teacher was in tears，and could not get control of the situation.As we were talking，the boy ran in.I told my co－worker that I would take care of him.
I closed the door.He was full of energy，throwing things around and making a huge mess.But I could see that he was doing all these to annoy me.He needed connection，and this was the only way he knew how to ask for it.So I sat back down and kept quiet.Then he slowed down and began making a rocket.I talked to him about it.We continued like this for a few minutes before I slipped into the conversation：
“So what happened today？”
It was purely a question，no blame or anger in my tone.I believe that if I had criticized him，the gate that was slowly opening would have shut firmly closed.He told me that the teacher didn’t let him do what he knew well due to safety but asked him to do what he disliked.He also admitted that he had enjoyed making her run around and saw it as a game.I explained that his teacher had not seen it as a game and was very upset.This again was stated simply as a fact.I suggested that next time he had a session，he talk about what he hoped to do at the start，which might be easier for everyone.He agreed and was quiet for a moment.Then he looked at me with tears in his eyes before quietly asking if he could go to find his teacher to apologize.
1．The boy made trouble for his teacher because he _________________.
A．was accused of destroying property
B．was told not to yell at other children
C．was made to do things against his will
D．was blamed for creating an air of tension
2．Why didn’t the author do anything about the boy’s bad behavior at first?
A．She didn’t want to make it worse.
B．She didn’t mind the huge mess at all.
C．She was tired of shouting and threats.
D．She hadn’t thought of a coping strategy.
3．The author managed to get the boy to talk to her by ________．
A．playing games with him
B．giving him a good suggestion
C．describing his teacher’s feelings
D．avoiding making critical remarks
4．Why did the boy have tears in his eyes in the end?
A．He was sorry about his reputation.
B．He was regretful about his behavior.
C．He was fearful of the author’s warning.
D．He was sad for the author’s misunderstanding.
轶事趣闻类
【高考真题演练】
1．2016年高考真题
Passage 1
【语篇导读】 这是一篇记叙文。作者Peter Hodes是一名干细胞快递员。他在文中讲述了遭遇飓风之后的一次非同寻常的投递经历。
1．B [词义推断题。由下文及作者在机场的经历可知，他是一名志愿B。]
2．D [事实细节题。根据“...because I’ve got two ice packs and that’s how long they last.”一句可知，用于冷藏干细胞的两个冰块42小时之后就会融化，因此正确答案为D。]
3．B [事实细节题。由第二段可知，由于没有飞往华盛顿的航班，航空公司为作者安排了一架小型飞机。根据“...re－routed me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than original scheduled.”一句可知答案非B莫属。]
Passage 2
【语篇导读】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Eudora Welty在纽约请朋友吃饭时发生的有趣的故事。
1．A [细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句．..another customer was approaching their table.和第三段中的When her dinner partner showed up, she also pulled up a chair.可知两个陌生人加入了她们。故选A。]
2．D [词义猜测题。根据上一句“My friends said：‘Now we believe your stories，’” Welty added.和本句中的动词write.
可知，them代替是stories。故选D。]
3．C [推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“I don’t make them up，” she said of the characters in her fiction these last 50 or so years.“I don’t have to.”推知，Welty小说中的人物都来自现实生活。故选C。]
Passage 3
【语篇导读】 本文是一篇记叙Rockaway之后，志愿者立即行动起来，帮助救灾。在他们的影响下Natalie Doan创办了一个网站，帮助幸存者与志愿者建立联系，从而在救灾中发挥了重要作用。
1．B [细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句话When they returned to Rockaway the next day，they found their neighborhood in ruins.可知飓风过后，当Natalie回到Rockaway 时，她发现她的街区被毁了。in ruins相当于B选项中的was destroyed，故选B项。]
2．A [细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句话In the following few days，the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie.可知激励Natalie的是帮助Rockaway镇重建的人们。A项和原文同义，故选A。]
3．D [推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的第一句She created a website page，matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help.以及倒数第二段的第一句话In the coming months her website page helped lots of kids.可知Natalie通过创建一个网页为需要帮助的人提供援助。由此可以推出她建立一个信息分享平台。故选D项。]
4．A [主旨大意题。本文主要讲了Rockaway被飓风桑迪袭击后，包括主人公Natalie在内的许多人，例如：志愿者、邻居等普通人通过各种途径帮助Rockaway重建的故事。体现了Little people can make a big difference的主题。故选A。]
2．经典高考真题
Passage 1
【语篇导读】 这是一篇记叙文。作者用幽默诙谐的笔调向我们讲述了他购买的一台电视机所带来的一系列烦恼的故事
1. C [推理判断题。根据“...newspaper advertisements for the set at seventy－five dollars less than I had paid.”可知，作者是在一天后看到自己所购买的电视机降了75美元才感觉自己上当受骗了。由此可知他本可以以更低的价格购买这台电视机的。因此C项正确。]
2．A [词义猜测题。由下一句的内容可知，我没有彻夜播放电影的频道，不然就无法睡觉了。据此可以推断作A项为正确答案。]
3．D [事实细节题。由短文最后“My trip to the repair shop cost me $62.”一句可知，作者把电视机送到维修店请人修理。]
4．D [推理判断题。纵览全文，尤其是第二段末句“I actually began to build up my arm muscles，shaking my set.”(通过摇晃电视机，我手臂的肌肉增强了不少)，字里行间流露出作者幽默调侃的语气D。]
Passage 2
【语篇导读】 小狗Judy在追赶一只绵羊的过程中掉下了悬崖，所有的人都以为它死了，可是两个星期后，主人被告知它还活着。
1．D [细节事实题。根据第一段的信息可以知道，Judy在追赶它平生遇到的第一只绵羊的时候迷失了方向，掉下了悬崖。]
2．A [细节事实题。根据倒数第三段的第一句话，可以看出一位拿着望Judy。]
3．C [推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的信息可以知道，Judy最初失去了知觉，但是苏醒之后，他依靠悬崖下的一条小溪里的水存活，也许还吃掉了同样不慎落下悬崖的一只羊，但是能够存活两个星期，它的确是很幸运。C项正确。B项中说Judy是被带到乡下打猎的，文章中没有提及，Judy追赶绵羊，是天性使然，根据文中的第一句she did what comes naturally可知。]
4．D [标题概括题。本文描写一只小狗Judy在掉下D项 Coming Back from the Dead从死亡线上生还最为贴切。]
Passage 3
【语篇导读】 本文是一篇记叙文，作者一家人在海边拍照的时候，突然看见一头由于饥饿寒冷而表现不正常的熊。这头熊向作者及其家人发起了攻击。文章重点讲述了作者和熊斗争的过程，熊在攻破了一个防护即三脚架之后，在最后时刻停了下来，作者虽然受了一点点伤，但却因为自己的镇静而救了全家。
本文的线An aggressive bear will usually rush forward to frighten away its enemy but would suddenly stop at the last minute.一头有攻击性的熊通常会冲向它的敌人以把他们吓跑，但是可能会突然在最后的时刻停止。最后作者发表感想I’m proud that my family remained clear－headed when panic could have led to a very different outcome.我很骄傲，因为当惊慌可能导致一个完全与众不同结局的时候，我的家人们保持了头脑清醒。
1．B [细节理解题。根据第二段This one was silent and its ears pinned back—the sign (迹象) of an animal that is going in for the kill.中的“for the kill”和下面的故事情节可知熊要发起攻击。]
2．A [An aggressive bear will usually rush forward to frighten away its enemy but would suddenly stop at the last minute.和第五段Then，as suddenly as it had begun，the fight ended.The bear moved back towards the forest，before returning for another attack—the first time I felt panic.可知答案。即熊是在感受到自己能够把敌人吓跑的时候，也就是感觉安全的时候选择停止。]
3．C [细节理解题。根据最后一段I’m proud that my family remained clear－headed when panic could have led to a very different outcome.其中clear－headed“头脑清醒的”与C选项calmness“镇静”是近义词。]
Passage 4
【语篇导读】 作者通过和一个小男孩相处的故事，告诉我们，大声地批评和恐吓调皮的孩子只能使事情变得更糟糕，给予孩子更多的时间和宽容可以使事情变得好起来。
1．C [细节理解题。根据文中最后一段“He told me that the teacher didn’t let him do what he knew well due to safety but asked him to do what he disliked.”可知，老师让他做他不喜欢的事情。]
2．A [细节理解题。根据第四段第2至3行But I could see that he was doing all these to annoy me.He needed connection，and this was the only way he knew how to ask for it.So I sat back down and kept quiet.可知作者一开始不I learned that shouting and threats of punishment would result in a disaster相对应。故选A。]
3．D [细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第二句I believe that if I had criticized him，the gate that was slowly opening would have shut firmly closed.答案为D。]
4．B [细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句Then he looked at me with tears in his eyes before quietly asking if he could go to find his teacher to apologize可知男孩要向老师道歉，为自己之前的行为感到后悔，故选B。]