3年高考2年模拟1年原创精品系列
专题07 情态动词和虚拟语气
【2017年高考命题预测】
高考研究英语中常用的情态动词主要有can，could，may，might，must，will，would，shall，should，ought to，dare，need，used to，had better等。在学习情态动词时应注意以下几点：同一情态动词表示不同的意义的情况；情态动词后跟各种形式的用法；特别是注意情态动词+完成式是高考中的重点所在。
高考中的虚拟语气一般与情态动词结合进行考查。每年高考试题中都会出现一定的题目。
2017考纲解读和近几年考点分布
情态动词是各地高考试题中的必考项目，每年高考单独命题区单项填空必有一道考查情态动词的项目。新课标卷主要在语法填空和短文改错中考查。考点依次是：推测(可能性)→请求/允许→必要性→特殊用法。试题的立意不偏不怪，但有效信息越来越隐蔽，语境越来越真实，考查角度越来越细致，这些因素在很大程度上增加了试题的难度。
命题规律
一、
二、近几年，情态动词重点考查情态动词表示推测和可能性的用法，以及情态动词的表达“情感、态度、语气等”方面的用法。
【考点pk】
名师考点透析
虚拟语气考点透析
考点一、虚拟语气的基本用法
1.与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的一般过去时（be动词用were）+其他成分+if+should/would/could...+动词原形+其他成分。例如：
①If it were not for the fact that she ______ sing，I would invite her to the party.
A.couldn’t
B.shouldn’t
C.can’t
D.might not
3.与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的一般过去时/should do/were to do+其他成分+if+should/would/could...+动词原形+其他成分。例如：
If I ______ plan to do anything I want to，I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible.
A.would
B.could
C.had to
D.ought to
考点三、主从句时间不一致的虚拟条件句
在有些虚拟条件句中，主从句时间不一致，应根据不同情况区别对待。例如：
It’s hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ______ in love，at the age of seven，with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.
A.wouldn’t have fallen
B.had not fallen
C.should fall
D.were to fall
考点四、名词性从句中的虚拟语气
在含有表示坚持、建议、命令、要求等含义的名词性从句和在it做形式宾语或形式主语的复合句中，宾语补足语是necessary/strange/essential/natural/a pity/a shame等表示“惊奇、惋惜或者理应如此”等含义时，从句中的谓语动词需用“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略。例如：
—Don’t you think it necessary that he ______ to Miami but to New York？
—I agree，but the problem is ______ he has refused to.
A.will not be sent；that
B.not be sent；that
C.should not be sent；what
D.should not send；what
情态动词考点透析
考点一、情态动词基本含义的考查
情态动词的基本含义，一直是高考考查的重要内容。例如：
1. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone______get out.
A. had to
B. would
C. was able to
D. could
2. —Jim is very sick these days．He coughs so badly,
—In my opinion, he really ____ listen to the doctor and cut down on smoking．
A．should
B．can
C．may
D．eed
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查情态动词用法。句意：——吉姆这些天病得厉害，咳嗽不止。——依我看，他真的应该听医生话，少吸些烟。根据语境“吉姆这些天病得厉害，咳嗽不止”推断，说话者会认为“吉姆应该听医生的话，少吸些烟”，故空格中应该填should，表示“应该；理应”。
3. You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman______be so rude to a lady .
A. might
B. need
C. should
D. would
【解析】should 表示说话人感情，如惊奇、愤怒、失望等。在此句中表示说话人一种惊奇的语气。 句意为：你不可能想象出体面的绅士竟然对一位女士那么粗鲁。答案是 C。
分析：高考对情态动词基本含义的考查，仍然集中在常用的情态动词上。对常用情态动词的含义，要掌握的既准确又要全面，特别是shall, should, can, may 四个常用情态动词的含义较多，不易理解，复习时应当引起重视。
二、情态动词表示推测的考查
2. My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon,so he______your lecture.
A. couldn’t have attended
B. needn’t have attended
C. mustn’t have attended
D. shouldn’t have attended
3.Mr Bush is on time for everything. How______it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?
A. can
B. should
C. may
D. must
【解析】can表示可能性。布什先生按时做一切事，他怎么可能开幕式迟到呢？答案是：A。
4.I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter?
—It______true because there was little snow there.
A. may not be
B. won’t be
C. couldn’t be
D. mustn’t be
may not be : 可能不是；won’t be：不会是；couldn’t be：不可能是； mustn’t be ：一定不是。根据提供情境there was little snow 说明山里滑雪是件不可能的事，may not 语气不如couldn’t强。答案是：C。
分析：高考对表示推测的情态动词集中在must, can, could, may, might上，准确掌握它们使用的场合，是解决问题的关键。Must 用于肯定陈述句，表示肯定推测；can, could用于疑问或否定陈述句，表示可能性推测；may, might用于陈述句，表示可能性推测；用于否定陈述句中，can’t （不可能）的语气比may not（可能不）强。此外，还要注意有对过去和对现在两种情况的推测,对过去推测用情态动词+have done ，对现在推测用情态动词+ 动词原形。
三、情态动词表示虚拟的考查
情态动词＋have+过去分词表示与过去事实上相反的情况，也是高考单项选择题涉及到情态动词的一个重要方面。
1. There was a lot of fun at yesterday’s party. You______come, but why didn’t you?
A. must have
B. should
C. need have
D. ought to have
3.Oh, I‘m not feeling well in the stomach. I______so much fried chicken just now.
A. shouldn’t eat
B. mustn’t have eaten
C. shouldn’t have eaten
D. mustn’t eat
考点四、情态动词与助动词混合考查
1.Tom ,you didn’t come to the party last night?
—I______, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do .
A. had to
B. didn’t
C. was going to
D. wouldn’t
2.Your phone number again? I______quite catch it .
—It’s 86184867.
A. didn’t
B. couldn’t
C. don’t
D. can’t
【解析】记住电话号码并非难事，未完全听清楚电话号码并非能力的事，此处只是说没有完全听清楚电话号码，所以，应选A。
【三年高考】
1、1高考试题及其解析
【单项填空】
1.【2016·北京】31. I love the weekend, because I ________ get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.
A. needn’t
B. mustn’t
C. wouldn’t
D. shouldn’t
.【2016·北京】34. Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you ________ me, I could have helped.
A. told
B. had told
C. were to tell
D. would tell
.【2016·江苏】27.If it for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.
A. had not been B. should not be C. were not to be
D. should not have been
.【2016·天津】5. It was really annoying; I _____ get access to the data bank you had recommended.
A. wouldn’t
B. couldn’t
C. shouldn’t
D. needn’t
.【2016·天津】15. I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I ____.
A. were injured
B. would be injured
C. had been injured
D. would have been injured
.【2016·浙江】15. Had the governments and scientists not worked together , AIDS-related deaths _______ since their highest in 2005.
A. had not fallen
B. would not fall
C. did not fall
D. would not have fallen
.【2016·浙江】17. George _________ too far . His coffee is still warm .
A. must have gone
B. might have gone
C. can't have gone
D. needn't have gone
【2016·全国新课标III】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Truly elegant chopsticks might
42
(make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.
【2016·全国新课标II】短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.
1.【2015·北京】29．—Can’t you stay a little longer?
—It’s getting late. I really _____go now, My daughter is home alone.
A .may
B .can
C . must
D .dare
2.【2015·北京】34. If I _____it with my own eyes ,I wouldn’t have believed it.
A . didn’t see
B. weren’t seeing
C. wouldn’t see
D. hadn’t seen
3.【2015·重庆】7. Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway____ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.
didn’t write
B. hadn’t written
C. wouldn’t write
D. wouldn’t have written
4.【2015·重庆】12. You ____ be Carol. You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.
A. must
B. can
C. will
D. shall
5.【2015·浙江】4.
It was so noisy that we
hear ourselves speak.
A. couldn’t
B. shouldn’t
C. mustn’t
D needn’t
6.【2015·天津】7.
I ______ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.
A. mightn’t
B. mustn’t
C. needn’t
D. couldn’t
7.【2015·天津】13.
I wish I ______ at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.
A. will be
B. would be
C. have been
D. had been
8.【2015·四川】2.You _____be careful with the camera. It costs!
A .must
B. may
C. can
D. will
9.【2015·陕西】21. You
feel all the training a waste of time, but I’m a hundred percent sure later you’ll be grateful you did it.
A. should
B. need
C. shall
D. may
10.【2015·陕西】23. Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I
as well as her.
A. dance
B. will dance
C. had danced
D. danced
11.【2015·福建】27.—Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.
—Oh, it's too bad. You have made full preparations.
must B. can C. would D. should
12.【2015·江苏】28. It might have saved me some trouble ______ the schedule.
A. did I know
B. have I known
C. do I know
D. had I known
13.【2015·安徽】32.It is lucky we booked a room, or we ______nowhere to stay now.
A. had
B. had had
C. would have
D. would have had
2017年高考英语试题
1.【2017·全国大纲卷】30.Although you ______ find bargains in London, its not generally a cheap place to shop.
A. should
B. need
C. must
D. can
2.【2017·重庆卷】3. I’ve ordered some pizza, so we _______ worry about cooking when we get home tired.
A. can’t
B. dare not
C. needn’t
D. may not
3.【2017·重庆卷】10. --- I spent two weeks in London last summer.
--- Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay, _______ you?
A. mustn’t
B. haven’t
C. didn’t
D. hadn’t
4.【2017·重庆卷】13. It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I _______ it?
A. had done
B. have done
C. did
D. am doing
5.【2017·北京卷】34. We __________
back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map.
A. are
B. were
C. will be
D. would be
6.【2017·北京卷】_______ I have a word with you? It won’t take long.
A. Can
B. Must
C. Shall
D. Should
7.【2017·江西卷】30. Life is unpredictable; even the poorest __become the richest.
A. shall
B.
must
C.
need
D. might
8.【2017·四川卷】6. I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ______ take me to Disneyland at weekends.
A. might B. must C. would D. should
9.【2017·福建卷】32.
no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.
A. Were there
B. Had there been
C .If there are
D. If there have been
10.【2017·江苏卷】31. It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, ________ bring me food.
A. might
B. would
C. should
D. could
11.【2017·陕西卷】25. My book, The House of Hales, is missing. Who ________ have taken it?
A. need
B. must
C. should
D. could
12.【2017·安徽卷】30．People are recycling many things which they
away in the past.
A. had thrown
B. will be throwing
C. were throwing
D. would have thrown
If Mr. Dewey _____ present, he would have offered any possible assistance to
the people there.
A. were B. had been G. should be D. was
14.【2017·湖南卷】25. — I’ve prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.
—Do you mean we_____ bring anything with us?
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shan’t
D. needn't
15.【2017·浙江卷】16. They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they _____ to our help.
A. would have come B. could come C. have come D. had come
【两年模拟】201、201名校模拟题及其答案解析
1.【浙江省宁波市效实中学等十校2016届高三3月联考】12. —What if I had parked my car here just now?
—What luck! You ______ .
A. would have been fined
B. should be fined
C. would be fined
D. must have been fined
.【浙江省宁波市效实中学等十校2016届高三3月联考】13. —Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to search for some information.
—You ______ have my computer if you don’t take care of it.
A. needn’t
B. shan’t
C. shouldn’t
D. mightn’t
. 【天津市红桥区重点中学2016届高三下学期八校联考】--- Mike went to the hospital alone.
---If he ________me about it, I would have gone with him
A. should tell
B. told
C.
had told
D. tells
.【天津市红桥区重点中学2016届高三下学期八校联考】 A traffic regulation released in a foreign country states that passengers sharing a car with a drunken driver _____ be punished together with the driver himself.
A. shall
B. must
C. can
D. will
5.【北京市海淀区2016届高三下学期期末考试（二模）】I ________ my cellphone last night. Now the battery is running out.
A. could have charged
B. might charge
C. should have charged
D. would charge
. 【北京市朝阳区2016届高三第二次（5月）综合练习】You ______ worry about me. I’ve decided to join a local health club.
A. mustn’t
B. can’t
C. needn’t
D. daren’t
【北京市朝阳区2016届高三第二次（5月）综合练习】Social and cultural activities for senior citizens ______ over the past several years.
A. conducted
B. were conducted
C. have conducted
D. have been conducted
【北京市朝阳区2016届高三第二次（5月）综合练习】The driver was really careless, otherwise the traffic accident ______.
A. didn’t happen
B. hadn’t happened
C. wouldn’t happen
D. wouldn’t have happened
.【】The first thing you must remember is that in order to succeed, it is almost compulsory that you ______ optimistic.
A. be
B. are
C. must be
D. have been
.【】Don’t worry. They ______ to consider your advice. Let me remind them of it now.
A. could forget
B. could have forgotten
C. should have forgotten
D. should forget
1.
【】 Do you think he would have given you a hand in your time of financial difficulty?
He ________ had he known about it. After all, we are good friends.
A. ouldn’t have
B. should have
C.couldn’t have
D. must have
12.【江苏省盐城市2016届高三上学期期中考试】— I ________ imagine it will take about two hours to have your pictures developed.
— All right. I’ll come to get them by then.
A. should
B. must
C. can
D. would
13.【江苏省盐城市2016届高三上学期期中考试】If you _______ yourself to doing everything in the order given, you would miss an opportunity to be a unique individual.
A. commit
B. committed
C. have committed
D. had committed
14.【】 David will succeed along the career ladder one day, I firmly believe, _______ he devote more energy to it.
A. might
B. would
C. could
D. should
1．【】Just be patient．You _____ expect the world to change so soon．
A． can’t
B． may not
C． needn’t
D． didn’t
．【】— I’m sorry．I ________
at you the other day．
— Forget it．I was a bit out of control myself．
A． shouldn’t shout
B． shouldn’t have shouted
C． mustn’t shout
D． mustn’t have shouted
. 【浙江省温州市十校联合体2016届高三下学期期初联考】 It was playing video games that took the boy too much time that he _______ have spent learning．
A. could
B. must
C. might
D. ought to
. 【】The best and most beautiful things in the world _____ be seen or even touched. They must be felt with the heart.
A. can’t B. mustn’ t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
. 【江苏省大丰市新丰中学2016届高三10月月考】Why ____________ I drive so many miles away for a supper when I can easily have it at one of the restaurants nearby?
A. might
B. could
C. would
D. must
20.【浙江省绍兴市第一中学2016届高三下学期开学回头考】— Many drugs have been forbidden recently.
— Actually. But the scientists say that before a new drug ___ on humans, plenty of studies___.
A. can be tested; are needed
B. can test; are needed
C. can be tested; need
D. can test; need
2015年模拟题
1.【天津市河西区2015届高三下学期总复习质量调查（三）】8.— Lucy looks so upset. She ______ the driving test.
— It is the second time that she has failed in the test.
A. can’t pass
B. mustn’t pass
C. can’t have passed
D. mustn’t have passed
2.【陕西省西工大附中2015届高三下学期模拟考试（一）】16.
—Sometimes I am even sleepy in class.
—It’s terrible. You _____ as well go to bed earlier.
A. should
B. will
C. might
D. can
3.【陕西省西工大附中2015届高三下学期模拟考试（一）】24.Tom _______ to go upstairs to his room and rest awhile, but his aunt urged him to finish
his homework first.
A. should plan
B. has planned
C. would plan
D. had planned
4.【陕西省西工大附中2015届高三下学期三模】13. The door is open but nobody is in. Mary______have forgotten to lock the door.
A. should
B. must
C. would
D. could
5.【湖南省桃江县第一中学2015届高三5月模拟】 — Could you please have my car ready today?
— Sure. The damage is not that serious, so it ______ be ready by 5:00 p.m.
A. should
B. could
C. might
D. need
6. 【湖南省桃江县第一中学2015届高三5月模拟】 The nationwide smog serves as a constant reminder, indicating that it’s high time we ______ on ourselves.
A. would reflect
B. have reflected
C. are reflecting
D. reflected
7.【重庆市2015届高考压轴卷】 The biggest problem for most plants, which ________just get up and run away when threatened, is that animals like to eat them.
A. shall not B. can't C. needn't D. mustn't
8.【重庆市2015届高考压轴卷】 Mary doesn't want to move to Beijing because if she________ _there, she wouldn't be able to see her husband often.
A. would live B. were to live C. has lived D. lives
9.【浙江省东阳市2015届高三5月模拟】The financial damage is nothing compared to what _______ if there had been children in the classroom in time of the fire.
A. would happen
B. happened
C. would have happened
D. should have happened
10..【江苏省淮安市2015届高三第五次模拟】Why _______ you leave with Lucas now? There are still two days left before you go to work and you can stay with us for more time.
A. should
B. shall
C. could
D. must
11.【福建省龙岩市2015年高中毕业班5月教学质量检查】According to the judgment, all the illegal income
go to the state.
A. shall B. may C. can D. would
12.【江苏省南京市2015届高三第三次模拟】---________ I say something to you? You were really, really something back there. Incredible!
---Are you talking to ---me? Whoa!
A. Must B. Can C. Need D. Should
13.【江苏省南京市2015届高三第三次模拟】The guide was enthusiastic and knowledgeable and we spent a lovely evening wandering into places which we ________ straight past otherwise.
A. had walked
B. were walking
C. would have walked
D. must have walked
14.【陕西省西安市西北工业大学附属中学2015届高三下学期5月模拟】Sarah ______ change her mind, even though she knew the plan was hard to carry out.
A. mustn’t
B. wouldn’t
C. shouldn’t
D. needn’t
15.【陕西省西安市西北工业大学附属中学2015届高三下学期5月模拟】– Do you mind if I smoke?
– Well, I’d rather you ______.
A. don’t
B. didn’t
C. won’t
D. aren’t
16.【福建省福州第一中学2015届高三5月质量检测】— Well, lost again!
— It is not very important . We _____ forget about it. OK?
A .cannot but B. have to
C. might well
D. might as well
17.【福建省福州第一中学2015届高三5月质量检测】— Thank you very much for giving me a hand when I was in trouble.
— Don’t mention it. I only did what anyone else _______ in my place.
A. must do
B. could have done
C. would do
D. can have done
18.【福建省宁德市2015届高中毕业班第二次质量检查】 The Chinese people are kind and caring. If not, I _____ in China in the past 30 years.
A. didn’t stay
B. hadn’t stayed
C. couldn’t stay
D. couldn’t have stayed
19.【安徽省“淮南一中 蒙城一中 颍上一中 怀远一中”四校2015届高三5月联考】 ---It’s so cold outside. ________ I fetch you a coat, Grandma?
---Yes.Thanks a lot. You are always so considerate, dear.
A. Can
B.Shall
C.May
D. Will
20.【安徽省淮南第二中学2015届高三第三次模拟】 I would persuade her to make room for you ______it be necessary.
A. could
B. might
C. should
D. would
【一年原创】
原创试题及其解析
. You ______ use your cell phone here in our hospital because of the disturbance to the electronic equipment! It’s forbidden.
A. shouldn’t
B. may not
C. needn’t
D. mustn’t
2. The boy might have drowned but for the fact that his father _________ beside him on the deck at that time.
A. was standing
B. stood
C. had stood
D. would have stood
3. The match sounds fantastic; how I wish I _________ it like you.
A. watched
B. had watched
C. would watch
D. have watched
4. Tell your parents if you’re sad or struggling with something. They _______ not know that you’re having problems.
A. must
B. should
C. could
D. might
5. My goal for 2016 is to achieve the goals of 2015, which I______ in 2017, as I promised in 2017 and planed in 2017.
A. could have done
B. might have done
C. should have done
D. would have done
6. Depression, a mental problem that often results from fierce competition and great pressures in life, _______ be a destructive illness if not treated properly.
A. must
B. should
C. need
D. can
7. It is in life as in a journey. One _______ as well not know a thing at all as know it imperfectly.
A. must B. may C. can D. shall
8.—What do you think of her performance in the match?
—He _______, but today was not his day.
A. need have scored
B. could have scored
C. should score
D. would score
9． fell off the bike yesterday, but he is all right now.
— What a lucky dog! He _________ himself badly.
A. should injure B. could have injured C. should have injured D. might injure
10. Meanwhile, ________ Wal-Mart succeed at shrinking its environmental footprint and lowering prices for green products, both the planet and the company will profit．
A. would
B. could
C.should D. might
A. must
B. shall
C. should
D. need
12．“The money _________all go to his son, according to the will made by Mr ,” declared the judge.
A. should
B. must
C .shall
D. may
13. — Tom knocked into the banisters（栏杆） last night while driving, but she is all right.
— He is lucky. He
himself badly.
A. could have injured
B. might injure
C. should have injured
D. should injure
. — I didn’t watch the program “Where are we going, Dad?” yesterday.
— I________, either, if my father hadn’t reminded me.
A．wouldn’t have
B．didn’t
C．wouldn’t D．hadn’t
. This nationwide smog should serve as a reminder to all, indicating a high time that we ______ on what we've done to the environment.
A. have reflected
B. are reflecting
C. will reflect
D. reflected
16. It
be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.
A. couldn’t
B. may C. should
D. needn’t
17.
— Thank God! The accident was avoided after all.
—That was lucky, but ten inches nearer the two cars _________?
A. was destroyed
B. would be destroyed
C. would have been destroyed
D. had been destroyed
18. — Do you think Li Hua has passed the English examination?
— No, If so, he ______ us yesterday.
A. would tell
B. told
C. would have told
D. had told
19. —Who bought you the fresh flower?
—It’s from my girlfriend, if you ______ know.
A. have to
B. must
C. will
D. might
20．We expected you yesterday．
I'm sorry, I
you to say that I couldn't be here until today．
A．must have called
B．would be calling
C．could have been calling
D．should have called
．
—Yes, who______it would rain!
A. has thought
B. had thought
C. was thinking
D. would have thought
22. If it
the climate, I would stay here much longer．
A．is not for B．had not been for
C．were not for
D．would not be for
. We were delayed at the train station．Otherwise，we
here by lunch．
A．must have been
B．could be
C．should be
D．would have been
. According to the latest investigation，most
be prevented if students are careful enough．
A．must
B．can
C．have to
D．need
．You fool! You __________ all the people in the car yesterday if it had not been for me．You were so drunk while driving!
A．could kill
B．might have killed
C．had killed
D．should have killed
． fell off the bike yesterday, but he is all right now.
— What a lucky dog! He _________ himself badly.
A. should injure B. could have injured C. should have injured D. might injure
27. —I know that she is a very careful person.
—Yes, that’s why I feel surprised that she _______ make such mistake in the math exam.
A. might
B. could
C. should
D. shall