课时提升作业(十五)
必修 Unit 3
1. (2017·天水模拟)I would like a job which pays more, but I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment.
A. in other words B. on the other hand
C. for one thing
D. as a matter of fact
2. (2017·青岛模拟)My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was
it.
A. in favour of B. in memory of
C. in honour of
D. in search of
3. (2017·厦门模拟)In most cases, you need to obtain a work so that you can work legally.
A. permission B. agency
C. talent
D. permit
4. (2017·扬州模拟)The President that he would visit France the following month.
A. deserved B. confirmed
C. predicted
D. doubted
5. (2017·富阳模拟) I really don’t like art, I find his work impressive.
A. As B. Since
C. While
D. If
6. (2017·通化模拟)Despite the fact that all three teams different approaches to the problem, they were all immediate successes.
A. adopted B. attained
C. adapted
D. attached
7. (2017·孝感模拟)He made a of five thousand dollars on the deal.
A. profit
B. Bonus
C. pension
D. loan
8. (2017·南昌联考)Don’t look down upon the ugly little worm. In a few weeks, it
into a beautiful big butterfly.
A. transforms B. would transform
C. have transformed
D. will transform
9. Any help from you will be greatly appreciated. Please give me a reply at your earliest .
A. instruction B. convenience
C. intention
D. consideration
10. If he had had enough time to what he was learning, he would have succeeded in passing the entrance exam.
A. concentrate on B. apply to
C. put forward
D. bring about
11. I really can’t with the loud noise outside. It is driving me crazy.
A. come up B. put up
C. push ahead
D. get through
12. All the teachers are well aware of the fact that most students, especially teens, need help and encouragement punishment.
A. other than B. rather than
C. or rather
D. more than
13. (2017·河南十所名校模拟)Nowhere else in the world to find this kind of fish except in Brazil.
A. went he B. he went
C. did he go
D. he did go
14. The death of the actress was so unexpected and the making of the film had to be stopped temporarily.
A. in consequence B. in return
C. in particular
D. in conclusion
15. (2017·东北三校模拟) copies of the famous writer’s works will be on sale after his talk at the Press Conference.
A. Signing B. Sign
C. Signed
D. To sign
Ⅱ. 阅读理解
A
(2017·吉安模拟)
Clothes can make phone calls, play music, dial your pal’s number, keep you warm during cold weather and operate your computer.
This is not a fantasy. A British company, called Electrotextiles, has created a wide range of clothes—clothes that have minds of their own! Scientists, working for the company, have invented a kind of fabric that can be blended(混合)with flexible electronic materials to create intelligent clothing. The result is electronic garments.
If you think the wearer has to be wired to different devices, think again. These designer clothes are wire-free, soft to touch and washable! Like any electronic device, these high-tech clothes have to be powered. Currently, a tiny nine-volt battery serves the purpose. But the researchers hope that in the near future the clothes will generate electricity by using body heat. These clothes are 100 percent shock proof, they say.
The Electrotextiles team has also created the world’s first cloth keyboard. This keyboard can be sewn into your trousers or skirt. To use this device, you will have to sit down and tap on your lap! These “lap-tap” gadgets(器具)are all set to take over laptop computers!
Another useful garment is the shirt-cum-mobile phone. This handy invention enables drivers to chat comfortably with others at the wheel! Other popular electronic wear includes the denim(牛仔布)jacket with flexible earphones sewn into the hood(风帽)and the electronic ski jacket with a built-in heater. The ski jacket is also programmed to send signals to a satellite. This technology is known as global positioning system and can be used to track lost skiers and wandering kids.
Having completed the cloth keyboard, scientists have already started to work on a new project—a necktie that can be used as a computer mouse. What is the next? Do you have any idea?
1. The electronic garments are similar to other electronic devices in that .
A. they feel smooth and soft
B. they use electricity as power
C. they can be washed in water
D. they are made from flexible materials
2. How will researchers improve these high-tech clothes?
A. Body heat will be used as power.
B. The wearer will not get shocked.
C. A tiny nine-volt battery will work.
D. They will get charged automatically.
3. What does the underlined phrase “This handy invention” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A. The laptop computer.
B. The electronic ski jacket.
C. The shirt-cum-mobile phone.
D. The world’s first cloth keyboard.
4. If you are going on a ski adventure, which device do you need?
A. The cloth keyboard.
B. The electronic ski jacket.
C. The necktie to be used as a mouse.
D. The denim jacket with earphones.
5. The main purpose of the text is .
A. to advertise for an English company
B. to predict the future trend of science
C. to show how rapidly science develops
D. to introduce some intelligent clothing
B
(2017·绍兴统考)
When people first walked across the Bering Land Bridge thousands of years ago, dogs were by their sides, according to a study published in the journal Science.
Robert Wayne of the University of California, Los Angeles, and Jennifer Leonard of the Smithsonian Institute, used DNA material—some of it unearthed by miners in Alaska—to conclude that today’s domestic dog originated in Asia and accompanied the first humans to the New World about 10, 000 to 15, 000 years ago. Wayne suggests that man’s best friend may have enabled the tough journey from Asia into North America. “Dogs may have been the reason people made it across the land bridge, ”said Wayne. “They can pull things, carry things, defend you from fierce animals, and they’re useful to eat. ”
Researchers have agreed that today’s dog is the result of the domestication(驯化)of wolves thousands of years ago. Before this recent study, a common thought about the precise origin of North America’s domestic dog was that Natives domesticated local wolves, the descendants(后代)of which now live with people in Alaska, Canada, and the Lower 48.
Dog remains from a Fairbanks-area gold mine helped the scientists reach their conclusion. Leonard, an evolutionary biologist, collected DNA from 11 bones of ancient dogs that were locked in permafrost(永冻层)until Fairbanks miners uncovered them in the 1920s. The miners donated the preserved bones to the American Museum of Natural History in New York City, where they remained untouched for more than 70 years. After borrowing the bones from the museum, Leonard and her colleagues used radiocarbon techniques to find the age of the Alaska dogs. They found the dogs all lived between the years of 1450 and 1675 A. D. , before Vitus Bering and Aleksey Chirikov who were the first known Europeans to view Alaska in 1741. “The bones of dogs that wandered the Fairbanks area centuries ago should therefore be the remains of pure native American dogs, ”Leonard said. The DNA of the Fairbanks dogs would also expose whether they were the descendants of wolves from North America.
Along with the Fairbanks samples, the researchers collected DNA from bones of 37 dog specimens(标本)from Mexico, Peru, and Bolivia that existed before the arrival of Columbus. In the case of both the Alaska dogs and the dogs from Latin America, the researchers found that they shared the most genetic material with gray wolves of Europe and Asia. This supports the idea of domestic dogs entering the New World with the first human explorers who wandered east over the land bridge.
Leonard and Wayne’s study suggests that dogs joined the first humans that made the adventure across the Bering Land Bridge to slowly populate the Americas. Wayne thinks the dogs that made the trip must have provided some excellent service to their human companions or they would not have been brought along. “Dogs must have been useful because they were expensive to keep, ”Wayne said. “They didn’t feed on mice; they fed on meat, which was a very guarded resource. ”
6. The underlined word “remains” is closest in meaning to“ ”.
A. leftover food
B. animal waste
C. dead bodies
D. living environment
7. According to the study described in Paragraph 4, we can learn that .
A. ancient dogs entered North America between 1450 and 1675 A. D.
B. the 11 bones of ancient dogs are not from native American dogs
C. the bones discovered by the gold miners were from North American wolves
D. the bones studied were not from dogs brought into North America by Europeans
8. What can we know from the passage?
A. Native Americans domesticated local wolves into dogs.
B. Scientists discovered some ancient dog remains in the 1920s.
C. Latin America’s dogs are different from North America’s in genes.
D. Ancient dogs entered North America across the Bering Land Bridge.
9. The first humans into the New World brought dogs along with them because .
A. dogs fed on mice
B. dogs were easy to keep
C. dogs helped protect their resources
D. dogs could provide excellent service
10. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. The origin of the North American dogs.
B. The DNA study of ancient dogs in America.
C. The reasons why early people entered America.
D. The difference between Asian and American dogs.
【语篇随练】多练一点 技高一筹
根据阅读理解中的词汇完成句子
1. A cat’s fur
.
猫的皮毛摸起来很柔软。
2. the design, he sent it to my office.
他完成设计后, 把它送到了我的办公室。
3. Butit might also be a key to happiness.
而一项新的研究表明这或许也是通往快乐之门的钥匙。
4. The companycustomers.
该公司为顾客提供优质服务。
Ⅰ. 1. 【解析】选B。考查短语辨析。句意: 我想有一份待遇更好的工作, 但是另一方面, 我也喜欢现在的工作。in other words换句话说; on the other hand另一方面; for one thing一方面; as a matter of fact事实上。
2. 【解析】选A。考查介词短语。句意: 我姐姐反对我的建议, 但我哥哥赞同它。in favour of赞同, 支持; in memory of纪念; in honour of向……表示敬意; in search of寻找。故选A。
【加固训练】
My English teacher is really very kind. I’ll never forget the he has done me.
A. favourB. deedC. helpD. value
【解析】选A。句意: 我的英语老师实在是太好了。我永远不会忘记他对我的帮助。do sb. a favour“帮助某人”。
3. 【解析】选D。考查名词辨析。句意: 在大多数情况下, 你需要获得工作许可证才能合法地工作。permission许可, 允许; agency代理, 代理商; talent才能, 才干; permit许可证, 执照, work permit意为“工作许可证”。
4. 【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意: 总统确认在下个月他会去访问法国。deserve应该得到; confirm确认; predict预测; doubt怀疑。根据句意可知B项正确。
5. 【解析】选C。考查连词。句意: 虽然我不太喜欢艺术, 但我发现他的作品给人印象深刻。as当……时候, 正如, 因为; since自从, 既然; while当……时候, 虽然, 然而; if如果。故选C。
6.【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。句意: 虽然事实上三个队采取不同的方法解决问题, 但是他们都立刻成功了。adopt收养, 采纳; attain获得; adapt适应, 改编; attach附上, 贴上, 故选A。
【加固训练】
(2017·杭州统考)The new tax policy would force companies to energy-saving measures.
A. adapt B. adopt
C. adjust
D. attach
【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意: 新税收政策会迫使公司采用节能措施。adapt适应, 改编; adopt收养, 采纳; adjust调整; attach附上。故选B。
7. 【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 在这笔交易中, 他获得一笔五千美元的利润。profit利润, 利益; bonus奖金, 红利; pension退休金, 抚恤金; loan贷款, 借款。根据题意选A。
8. 【解析】选D。考查时态。句意: 不要小看这个丑陋的小虫子。几个星期以后, 它就会变成美丽的大蝴蝶。本题的关键在于时间状语In a few weeks, 该时间状语和将来时连用, 表示“一段时间以后”, 使用一般将来时。故D项正确。
9. 【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意: 无论你给予什么样的帮助我都将非常感激。请你在方便的时候尽早给我回复。instruction指导, 说明; convenience方便, 便利; intention目的, 意图; consideration考虑, 打算。
10. 【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 如果他有足够的时间集中精力于他所学习的东西, 他就会成功地通过入学考试了。concentrate on集中注意力于, 集中精力于; apply to适用于; put forward提出; bring about导致, 造成。
11. 【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 我真的难以忍受外面大声的噪音。它都要让我发疯了。选项中四个短语均可与介词with搭配, 其意义不同。come up with提出; put up with忍受; push ahead with努力推进; get through with完成。
12. 【解析】选B。考查介词短语辨析。句意: 所有的老师都清楚地意识到大多数学生, 特别是青少年, 需要的是帮助和鼓励而不是惩罚。other than除了; rather than而不是; or rather更准确地说; more than超过, 不只是。
【加固训练】
(2017·潍坊模拟)My son prefers us to email each other once a week spend half an hour on the phone every night.
A. other than B. rather than
C. more than
D. instead of
【解析】选B。考查短语辨析。句意: 我儿子宁愿我们每周彼此发一次电子邮件也不愿意每天晚上花半小时打电话。other than除了; rather than而不是; 宁可……也不愿; more than比……多, 不止; instead of代替, 而不是。根据句意可知答案选B。
13. 【解析】选C。考查倒装句。句意: 除了巴西外, 他去的世界上其他地方都没有发现这种鱼。nowhere无处, 任何地方都不, 是否定副词, 否定副词位于句首, 主句用部分倒装结构, 将助动词放到主语之前。故选C。
【加固训练】
What we have to admit is that never in the past thirty years so greatly as today.
A. did China change B. China has changed
C. has China changed
D. China had changed
【解析】选C。考查倒装和时态。句意: 我们不得不承认的是在过去的三十年里, 中国从未像今天这样变化巨大。否定词never放在句首时句子要倒装。又由in the past thirty years可知应用现在完成时, 故选C。
14.【解析】选A。句意: 女演员之死十分出乎意料, 结果电影的拍摄也不得不暂时停止。in consequence结果; in return作为回报; in particular尤其, 特别是; in conclusion总之。
15.【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意: 这位著名作家在资讯发布会以后, 他签过名的书将会被出售。本题中的动词sign与名词copies之间构成被动关系, 故使用过去分词来修饰名词。如果是单个的过去分词修饰名词, 要放在名词的前面; 分词短语要放在所修饰的名词的后面。故C项正确。
【加固训练】
by a worldwide best-seller, the film Life of Pi itself is a victory over its difficulties.
A. Inspiring B. To inspire
C. Inspired
D. Inspire
【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意: 受到一本世界畅销小说的启发而拍摄的电影《少年派的奇幻漂流》本身就是战胜无数困难后的一次胜利。inspire和逻辑主语the film之间是被动关系, 应用过去分词表被动和完成。
【拓展延伸】
过去分词或过去分词短语作状语时, 表示被动和完成, 在句子中一般可以作时间、原因等状语。
1. 时间状语
Told that his mother was ill, Li Lei hurried home quickly. 李雷得知母亲生病了时, 马上赶回了家。
2. 原因状语
Satisfied with what he did, the teacher praised him in class.
由于对他所做的事情很满意, 老师在班上表扬了他。
3. 条件状语
Compared with you, I still have a long way to go.
跟你比起来, 我还差得很远呢。
4. 让步状语
Explained a hundred times, he still can’t understand it. 即使给他解释一百遍, 他还是不明白。
5. 结果状语
The cup fell down to the ground, broken.
杯子掉到了地上, 碎了。
Ⅱ. 【文章大意】本文是一篇科技说明文。主要介绍了一些高科技的布料、衣服等, 这些新发明有各种各样的功能, 比如打电话、听歌。
1.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段第三句话Like any electronic device, these high-tech clothes have to be powered. 可知, 像其他电子产品一样, 这种高科技的衣服也必须用电来作为动力。
2. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句话But the researchers hope that in the near future the clothes will generate electricity by using body heat. 可知A正确。
3. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。由第五段的Another useful garment is the shirt-cum-mobile phone. This handy invention enables drivers to chat. . . 可知, 这里很明显是指代前文的the shirt-cum-mobile phone。
4. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后两句话The ski jacket is also programmed to send signals to a satellite. This technology is known as global positioning system and can be used to track lost skiers and wandering kids. 可得出答案。
5. 【解析】选D。主旨大意题。通读全文可知作者是向我们介绍几种智能的衣服、布料等。
【文章大意】本文是科普性文章。说明了在几千年前狗陪同人们一起跨过白令大陆桥进入北美大陆, 并且在此繁殖起来。而通过检测发掘出的狗骨头的DNA也证实了这一点。
6. 【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据第四段第二句话“Leonard, an evolutionary biologist, collected DNA from 11 bones of ancient dogs that were locked in permafrost”说明是在永冻层发现的狗的骨头, 所以remains应该是尸体。故C正确。
7. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据“They found the dogs all lived between the years of 1450 and 1675 A. D. , before Vitus Bering and Aleksey Chirikov who were the first known Europeans to view Alaska in 1741. . . ”可判断出被研究的骨头不是欧洲人带到北美的狗的骨头。所以D正确。
8. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段“When people first walked across the Bering Land Bridge thousands of years ago, dogs were by their sides, according to a study published in the journal Science. ”可知D正确。
9. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段“Wayne suggests that man’s best friend may have enabled the tough journey from Asia into North America. ‘Dogs may have been the reason people made it across the land bridge, ’said Wayne. ‘They can pull things, carry things, defend you from fierce animals, and they’re useful to eat. ’”这些都说明人们之所以带着狗, 是因为它们能为人们提供服务, 有用处。所以D正确。
10. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。文章第一段提到狗和人们一同跨过the Bering Land Bridge, 第二、三、四、五段研究狗的DNA “to conclude that today’s domestic dog originated in Asia”, “Researchers have agreed that today’s dog is the result of the domestication of wolves thousands of years ago”, 所以文章中心是谈论北美的狗的起源。
【语篇随练】
1. is soft to touch
2. Having completed
3. a new study suggests that
4. provides excellent service to