课时提升作业(二十六)
Ⅰ. 单项填空
1. The Ministry of Education demanded many a measure in schools after the new school year began.
A. take
B. takes
C. is taken
D. be taken
2. (2017·哈尔滨模拟)—Will you be this afternoon, John?
—I am afraid not. I have an appointment with my dentist.
A. convenient
B. suitable
C. accurate
D. available
3. (2017·银川模拟)Eventually, the President had to leave office public pressure in order to ease the tension of the situation.
A. in favour of
B. in response to
C. in return for
D. in honour of
4. He works as an engineer now, but he on a farm for three years.
A. has worked
B. worked
C. was working
D. had worked
5. (2017·大庆模拟)After retiring, he was recommended to gardening as a hobby.
A. take up
B. take on
C. take off
D. take away
6. It is in the regulations that you other people the password of your e-mail account.
A. required; not tell
B. hoped; not tell
C. required; not to tell
D. hoped; not to tell
7. (2017·洛阳模拟)The villagers are very friendly and enthusiastic and theytourists free accommodation.
A. supply
B. provide
C. afford
D. offer
8. (2017·沈阳模拟)—Thanks. I know how to handle this problem with your directions.
—But do remember that this rule cannot be to every case.
A. applied
B. referred
C. drawn
D. thrown
9. (2017·昆明模拟)When we the railway station, the train for 5 minutes.
A. got to; had been away
B. reached; had left
C. arrived; has been away
D. arrived at; has left
10. Some people take for granted what is new is always better than what is old.
A. it; it
B. that; that
C. it; that
D. that; it
11. (2017·吉林模拟)Syria has too many wars in recent years, making its people a lot.
A. got through; pay
B. looked through; face
C. gone through; suffer
D. passed through; destroy
12. I often dream of jogging out with snow the ground.
A. covering
B. covered
C. cover
D. to cover
13. The new traffic law has come into effect; surely it will have effect on the transport of the country.
A. an; an
B. an; the
C. /; an
D. the; the
14. We were swimming in the lake suddenly the storm started.
A. when
B. while
C. until
D. before
15. Most students listen with full attention in class, to miss any point.
A. not trying
B. trying not
C. to try not
D. not to try
Ⅱ. 阅读理解
(2017·济南模拟)
When Josephine Cooper was growing up, she learned the importance of charity from her parents. Although they made a modest living for their family of 10, they insisted on sharing with those less fortunate.
Half a century later, Mrs. Cooper became a beloved volunteer at the San Diego Food Bank, where she devoted herself to helping others. She organized and ran a distribution center of a church, helping it become the organization’s largest emergency food distribution center in San Diego. She was one of the 25 outstanding senior volunteers in the nation selected and invited to Washington D. C. to receive an award.
“She was the main person who helped us make that program grow, ”said Mike Doody, former director of the Food Bank, “She had a way of getting people to work together and to work hard. She was determined and stubborn, but in a good way. She had a good heart. ”People knew her as “Grandma” because of her selflessness and her devotion to helping hungry children and families. “She reminded people of their Grandma, ” Doody said.
As a widow with a young child in 1979, Mrs. Cooper was helped through a difficult financial time when the Food Bank provided her with groceries. “She devoted her life to giving back, ”said her daughter, Monica Cooper. It wasn’t unusual for a local church to call Mrs. Cooper to ask her to aid a needy family. “She would give people food out of her cupboard. Sometimes we would cook a meal for a family living in their car, ”Cooper said.
Although Mrs. Cooper was honoured to receive the national award for her volunteer work, she said being able to help others was her reward. She died of liver disease and kidney failure, aged 93. (295W)
1. The underlined word “charity” in Paragraph 1 refers to .
A. offering help
B. donating money
C. providing services
D. showing sympathy
2. The San Diego Food Bank is meant to .
A. distribute food in case of emergency
B. help hungry children and families
C. give basic first-aid treatment
D. train some senior volunteers
3. Which of the following is TRUE of Mrs. Cooper?
A. She died at an early age.
B. She refused the national award.
C. She was kind and devoted.
D. She was not easy to get along with.
4. Mrs. Cooper’s story suggests that .
A. everyone needs a grandma nearby
B. children are what their parents are
C. a sound mind is in a sound body
D. a mother’s love never changes
Ⅲ. 阅读第二节
(2017·昆明模拟)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The War Against Sand
Imagine living on the edge of a vast desert, which is moving quietly closer to your village every day and covering your fields. The desert is on the move. This is called desertification.
Desertification occurs in regions close to an already existing desert. 1 The first is over-use of water in the area. There is not enough water in any case, and if it is not carefully used, disaster can follow. As time goes on, water shortages make farming more and more difficult. In some places, locals can remember local lakes and marshes which were once the homes for all kinds of fish and birds. 2 Farmers leave the land, and fields are replaced by deserts.
The second cause is misuse or over-use of the land. 3 Ploughing(耕)large fields and removing bushes and trees mean that the wind will blow away the soil. Once the soil is lost, it is hard to replace, and if there is rain, it has nowhere to go, and brings no benefit.
4 Every spring, the skies over some of eastern cities, thousands of kilometers away from the deserts, can be darkened by sandstorms. Dust from deserts can have a great effect on weather systems. While desertification is perhaps being partly caused by global warming, these sandstorms can make global warming worse by adding to what is known as the greenhouse effect.
What can be done to slow down or stop the process of desertification? A great deal of work is already under way. Obviously the first step is to find new water sources. 5 Some types of grass also hold the soil together, and stop the wind taking it. Without these efforts, it will be harder and harder to stop the world’s deserts in their tracks, and more and more farmers will give up and head for cities. The lesson to be learnt lies beneath the sand.
A. It generally arises from two related causes.
B. It is not only the farmers and villagers who suffer.
C. They have been completely buried by the sand now.
D. Scientists are doing the research on the cause of desertification.
E. They destroy the land, as the soil dries out and is then blown away.
F. Tree planting can help, by providing barriers between deserts and rich fields.
G. This means that the wrong crops are planted, and need more water than is available.
【语篇随练】
Ⅰ. 把下列阅读理解中的句子翻译成汉语
1. She was one of the 25 outstanding senior volunteers in the nation selected and invited to Washington D. C. to receive an award.
【译】____________________________________________________________
2. Although Mrs. Cooper was honoured to receive the national award for her volunteer work, she said being able to help others was her reward.
【译】____________________________________________________________
Ⅱ. 用英语概括阅读理解中每段的段落大意
段 落 段落大意
Para. 1 __________________
Para. 2 __________________
Para. 3 __________________
Para. 4 __________________
Para. 5 __________________
答案解析
Ⅰ. 1.【解析】选D。考查demand的用法。句意: 教育部部长要求在新学年开始之际学校应该采取很多措施。考查demand后的that从句谓语动词应该用“(should+)动词原形”, 排除B、C两项。根据题意measure与take之间是被动关系, 故选D项。
2.【解析】选D。考查形容词辨析。句意: ——约翰, 你今天下午有空吗? ——恐怕没空。我约好了去看牙医。convenient“方便的, 便利的(主语不能是人)”; suitable“合适的”; accurate“精确的”; available“有时间的, 有空的(主语是人)”。
【变式备选】
—A hard sleeper to Beidaihe tomorrow.
—Sorry, sir. Only the hard seat is at the moment.
A. usable
B. suitable
C. available
D. comfortable
【解析】选C。考查形容词辨析。句意: ——一张明天到北戴河的硬卧。——对不起, 先生, 现在只有硬座了。available“可获得的”, 符合题意。usable“能用的”; suitable“合适的”; comfortable“舒适的”, 均不符合题意。
3.【解析】选B。in favour of“支持, 同意”; in response to“作为对……的回应”; in return for“作为对……的报答”; in honour of“为了纪念……”。根据句意应选B项, 表示“为了回应公众的压力”。
4.【解析】选B。考查时态。从上下文的时间状语及语意可知他过去在农场工作了三年, 故用一般过去时。
5.【解析】选A。考查短语辨析。句意: 退休后, 他被建议从事园艺来作为一个业余爱好。A项意为: 开始从事, 占据(时间、空间); B项意为: 呈现, 雇用; C项意为: 脱下, 起飞; D项意为: 拿走。根据句意答案为A项。
6.【解析】选A。考查require的用法。句意: 规定中要求你不能把电子邮箱的密码告诉别人。require后接从句时, 从句中用should do的虚拟语气形式, should可以省略。
【变式备选】
(2017·大连模拟)All individuals are required, whoever he is, the laws made by their government.
A. to obey
B. obeyed
C. obey
D. obeying
【解析】选A。考查require的用法。句意: 每个人, 无论是谁, 都应该遵守政府制定的法律。require意为“需要, 要求”, require sb. to do sth. 意为“要求某人做某事”, 在本句中用于被动语态。whoever he is是让步状语从句, 插在主句中间。
7.【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。supply用于supply sb. with sth. /supply sth. to sb. 中; provide用于provide sb. with sth. /provide sth. for sb. 中; offer用于offer sb. sth. /offer sth. to sb. 中; afford表示“买得起”。根据句子结构选D。
8.【解析】选A。考查词语辨析。句意: ——谢谢你。在你的指导下我懂得如何去处理这个问题了。——但是你要记住: 这个规则并不能被运用到每一件事上。apply to运用到, 应用到; refer to指的是, 参考; draw to吸引到; throw to扔到。
9.【解析】选A。考查时态。句意: 当我们到达火车站时, 火车已经离开5分钟了。从句的动作为过去时, 主句的动作发生在从句动作之前应用过去完成时, 从for 5 minutes可知, 此处强调状态, 故选A。
10.【解析】选C。句意: 一些人想当然地认为新的总是比旧的要好。考查固定搭配take it for granted that. . . 认为……是理所当然的, 想当然地认为……。
【变式备选】
(2017·宝鸡模拟)Don’t take for granted that he will agree with you on the subject.
A. what
B. it
C. which
D. that
【解析】选B。考查it作形式宾语。句意: 不要想当然地认为在这个问题上他会同意你的观点。此处it为形式宾语替代后面的that从句。
11.【解析】选C。考查短语辨析。句意: 近几年叙利亚经历了太多战争, 使得它的人民遭受了很多苦难。get through通过, 完成, 接通电话; look through浏览; go through经历; pass through经历, 通过。suffer受苦, 受难, 遭受。
12.【解析】选A。考查with的复合结构。snow和cover之间是逻辑上的主谓关系, 且表示一种状态, 应用“with+名词+现在分词”结构, 因此选A。
【知识拓展】
小议“with的复合结构”
“with+宾语+宾语补足语”构成with的复合结构。宾语可以是名词或是代词, 宾语补足语可以是介词短语、过去分词、现在分词、形容词、动词不定式、副词。该结构在句子中作状语, 表示原因、时间、条件、伴随、方式等。其后接非谓语动词作宾语补足语时, 其形式取决于动作是否发生以及宾语和宾语补足语之间的关系。例如:
(1)With a lot of work to do, I have no time to go out with you. (不定式表将来动作)
有许多工作要做, 我没时间和你一起出去。
(2)We found the house easily with the little boy leading the way. (现在分词表示主动动作, 即分词所表示的动作是由with后的宾语发出来的)
由那个小男孩领路, 我们很容易地找到了那座房子。
(3)With all the things she needed bought, she went home happily. (过去分词表示被动, with后面的宾语与过去分词之间是被动关系)
由于需要的东西都买到了, 她高兴地回家了。
13.【解析】选C。句意: 新的交通法规已经生效, 它肯定会对这个国家的交通产生影响。come into effect开始实施, 生效; have an effect on对……有影响, 是固定结构。
14.【解析】选A。根据句子的意思及主从句之间的关系, 应该是: 我们正在湖中游泳, 这时突然下起了暴雨。while不能用于此句型, until和before都不与suddenly连用。
15.【解析】选B。考查动词-ing形式作伴随状语。句中listen和try not to miss为同时进行的动作, 故用现在分词的一般式作伴随状语。又动词不定式的否定式要在其前加not。故选B。
Ⅱ.
本文介绍了Josephine Cooper所从事的慈善事业和她的贡献。
1.【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第二段首句“Half a century later, Mrs. Cooper became a beloved volunteer at the San Diego Food Bank, where she devoted herself to helping others. ”可知, 文中charity的意思是helping others, 故A项正确。
2.【解析】选B。推理判断题。结合文章第二段的第二句、第三段的倒数第二句以及第四段的第一句可知, 该机构致力于帮助饥饿人群, 而在紧急情况下分发食物只是该机构的一项工作, 故B项正确。
3.【解析】选C。细节理解题。A、B两项根据文章最后一段可排除; 人们亲切地称她Grandma, 所以可以排除D项; 通读全文可知Cooper是一个善良、乐于奉献的人, 故C项正确。
4.【解析】选B。推理判断题。由第一段可知, Josephine Cooper从父母那里学会了乐善好施; 由倒数第二段女儿对她的高度评价可知, 女儿深受她的影响, 非常支持她这样做。由此可推知B项正确。
Ⅲ. 答案: 1~5. ACGBF
【语篇随练】
Ⅰ. 1. 她是全国挑选出来的25名杰出的老年志愿者之一, 并被邀请到华盛顿接受奖励。
2.尽管库珀太太因为志愿者工作荣获国家奖, 但她说能够帮助别人就是对她的奖励。
Ⅱ.
段 落 段落大意
Para. 1 Cooper realized the importance of helping others.
Para. 2 She became a volunteer.
Para. 3 The evaluation by her former director.
Para. 4 The reason for her doing this.
Para. 5 The feelings of being a volunteer.