课时提升作业(十五)
Ⅰ. 单项填空
1. (2017·张家口模拟)The reporter apologized for any misunderstandings by his article on that film star.
A. cause
B. caused
C. to cause
D. being caused
2. (2017·晋城模拟)They found the remains of buildings under the sand, together with a lot of treasures.
A. being buried
B. buried
C. to be buried
D. burying
3. (2017·南昌模拟)I was going to pay when it suddenly me that I had left my purse at home.
A. happened to
B. occurred to
C. referred to
D. added to
4. (2017·宝鸡模拟)A study shows that people living in non-smoking areas are less likely to the habit of smoking.
A. pick up
B. turn up
C. draw up
D. make up
5. (2017·长春模拟)In English, if new words continue to be used for at least five years, they generally the Oxford English Dictionary.
A. come up with
B. make up for
C. look up to
D. end up in
6. (原创)A terrible landslide happened in Zhaotong, Yunnan, on January 11, 2017, more than 40 people.
A. killing
B. having killed
C. killed
D. to kill
7. (2017·合肥模拟)As far as I see, is no possibility he will win the tennis match this time.
A. it; that
B. there; that
C. it; whether
D. there; whether
8. (2017·武汉模拟)After the earthquake I went there, I saw the whole town , and now everything has changed.
A. in ruins
B. in poverty
C. in disorder
D. in rags
9. (原创)In October, 2017, Hurricane Sandy part of the USA, causing at least 48 deaths.
A. struck
B. attacked
C. knocked
D. exploded
10. (2017·泰州模拟)When he came back, he found the bag he had over the seat was gone.
A. left hanging
B. left to hang
C. left hung
D. to leave hanging
11. (2017·亳州模拟)—How was the journey?
—Tiring! I caught the train at the last second but all the seats . I stood all the way.
A. would occupy
B. had occupied
C. had been occupied
D. would be occupied
12. (2017·南昌模拟)The amateur’s singing career after his CCTV show-up and he gained fame almost overnight.
A. put off
B. brought up
C. took off
D. picked up
13. Firefighters are brave men who are well-trained to fires and rescue people from dangerous situations.
A. give out
B. put out
C. put off
D. take off
14. after reading these tips, you will get a definite answer to your question of which career is right for you.
A. Surprisingly
B. Unfortunately
C. Hopefully
D. Frequently
15. Flood is a form of natural disaster that can cause a lot of to mankind and other living things.
A. hits
B. image
C. strike
D. damage
Ⅱ. 阅读理解
A
(原创)A harrowing competitionis underway in England, with billions of dollars and hundreds of lives at risk. OK, that’s not true. But competitors from around the world gathered on Thursday for the annual competition to crown the world’s biggest liar.
Each participant is given up to five minutes to make up the best fib in the contest, which was founded in honor of 19th-century Bridge Inn landlord Will Ritson, who was reportedly legendary for his lies.
Competitors gather at the Bridge Inn every year for the competition, a small pub in northwestern England.
Anyone can take part in the competition. Well, almost anyway; the reporters note that lawyers and politicians are banned, citing “an unfair advantage” in the proceedings.
A study published this past July in the journal Evolution & Human Behavior found that nearly all lies are detectable through visible facial muscle reactions in the person telling a lie. “Thus, while interpersonal deception often is highly successful, signs of hidden emotional states are communicated clearly to the informed observer, ”the study concluded.
A bishop of Carlisle reportedly holds what may be the greatest lie of all time in the competition, simply stating, “I have never told a lie in my life. ”
In 2003, Abrie Krueger of South Africa became the first non-Brit to win the competition. Ironically, Krueger was accused by some of cheating.
In 2006, comedian Sue Perkins became the first female to win the competition, telling a tale about people riding camels to work as a result of climate change.
Last year’s winning entry came from Glen Boyland, who told a lie about competing in a snail-racing competition with Prince Charles. (274W)
1. Why does the author tell a lie at the beginning of the passage?
A. Because the author likes telling lies.
B. Because nearly everyone has told lies.
C. It is written in this way in order to introduce the annual competition to crown the world’s biggest liar.
D. Because lies can usually be detected through visible facial muscle reactions.
2. What does the
underlined word “fib” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. lie
B. story
C. experience
D. plot
3. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Each participant is given at least five minutes in the competition.
B. The competition is held at the Bridge Inn every year in honor of Will Ritson.
C. All the lies can be discovered through visible facial muscle reactions.
D. Glen Boyland competed in a snail-racing competition with Prince Charles.
4. What’s the purpose of this text?
A. To introduce a strange competition.
B. To explain how to detect the liars.
C. To discuss how to avoid telling lies.
D. To invite people to take part in the competition.
B
(2017·南昌模拟)
Most people don’t realize it, but cell phones are becoming a huge contribution to pollution on our planet right now. The average American gets a new mobile phone at least every 18 to 24 months. Thus you may buy 34 phones in all during your lifetime if you get your first phone starting at the age of 18, and there are many kids who have them even younger.
As part of our “throwaway” society, along with our endless desire for new cell phones, it is estimated(估计)that over 125 million cell phones are thrown away every year. Knowing that the landfill doesn’t have to be the end point of your cell phone can greatly reduce the amount of unnecessary waste produced each year.
The reason why cell phone recycling is important is that cell phones contain some pretty toxic(有毒的)stuff. But they also contain some non-toxic materials that can be recycled and used again. Yet in reality, we pollute the earth even more by trying to produce these components over again from our limited natural resources.
Unfortunately, no landfill is 100% safe. It is the toxins that come from these toxic materials into the ground which pollute our drinkable water supply and affect our health. Currently, less than 1% of the entire earth’s water is drinkable, so we must take steps to protect it.
So, before you decide to throw away your old cell phone in exchange for a new one, think for a moment if you really need it or is it because you want the coolest new style? If your older model is still working fine, do you really need to buy a new one?
Think about where your cell phone will end up. That it disappears from your sight as it heads for the landfill doesn’t mean its influences stop there.
5. The underlined word “landfill” in the second paragraph probably means a place .
A. to repair cell phones
B. to grow crops
C. to recycle electrical equipment
D. to bury waste
6. We can infer from the text that the author .
A. disagrees with young kids having cell phones
B. doesn’t support frequently buying new phones
C. thinks that we must take steps to stop filling landfills
D. believes that the influence of old cell phones is small
7. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of recycling old cell phones?
A. It changes the toxic materials in the cell phones.
B. It avoids wasting our limited natural resources.
C. It protects our health against polluted water.
D. It reduces the amount of unnecessary waste.
8. What can we learn from the text?
A. The average American buys a new cell phone every year.
B. Over 34 million cell phones are thrown away every year.
C. People usually throw away old and used things nowadays.
D. It is unlikely to pollute the environment if you bury rubbish.
答案解析
Ⅰ.1.【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意: 这位记者因他写的关于那位影星的文章造成的误解而致歉。misunderstandings与cause之间为被动关系, 故用过去分词短语作后置定语。
2.【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意: 他们发现建筑物的遗址连同许多宝物被埋在沙子下面。bury与the remains of buildings为被动关系, 因此应该用过去分词作宾语补足语。
3.【解析】选B。考查动词短语。句意: 我正打算付钱这时我突然想到我把钱包忘在家里了。It occurs to sb. to do sth. /that-clause某人想到……为固定句式。sth. happen(s)to sb. 某人发生某事; refer to提及, 参考, 查阅; add to增添。
【变式备选】
(2017·淄博模拟)Didn’t ever occur to you what the source of this saying I just quoted is?
A. thisB. itC. thatD. one
【解析】选B。考查固定句式。句意: 你想到我刚刚引用的这条谚语的出处了吗? 本句中it为形式主语, what the source of this saying I just quoted is为真正的主语。
4.【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 研究表明, 生活在无烟区的人不太可能养成吸烟的习惯。pick up无意间学会; turn up出现, 调高; draw up草拟; make up组成, 编造。
【变式备选】
(2017·杭州模拟)Don’t touch your eyes, nose and mouth, because they aren’t covered by skin and can the virus more easily.
A. take up B. pick up
C. make up
D. set up
【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 不要触摸你的眼睛、鼻子和嘴, 因为它们没有被皮肤覆盖, 更容易感染病毒。pick up感染; take up从事; make up组成; set up建立。
5.【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 在英语中, 如果新单词被持续使用至少五年, 一般来说它们最终会进入《牛津英语词典》。end up in结果到了……地步; come up with提出; make up for弥补; look up to尊重。
6.【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意: 2017年1月11日云南昭通发生了严重的山体滑坡, 40多人遇难。根据语意, 此处要用现在分词短语作结果状语。
7.【解析】选B。句意: 据我看, 这次他赢得网球比赛是不可能的。There is no possibility that. . . 为固定句式, 意为“没有可能……”。
8.【解析】选A。考查介词短语。句意: 地震过后, 我去了那儿, 我看见整个城镇都成了废墟, 现在一切都改变了。in ruins成为废墟; in poverty处于贫困中; in disorder混乱; in rags衣衫褴褛。
9.【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。句意: 2017年10月, 飓风“桑迪”袭击了美国部分地区, 造成了至少48人死亡。strike袭击; attack攻击; knock敲击; explode爆炸。
10.【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意: 他回来时, 发现他挂在座位上的包不见了。leave使某物处于某种状态, 此处用过去分词构成过去完成时; the bag与hang之间为主动关系, 故用现在分词。
11.【解析】选C。考查被动语态。句意: ——旅行怎么样? ——令人疲惫!我在最后时刻赶上了火车, 但是所有的座位都有人占了。我站了一路。主语seats与occupy之间为被动关系, 故用被动语态; occupy发生在caught之前, 因此应该使用过去完成时。
12.【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 自从在中央电视台露面后, 那位业余演员的演唱生涯开始走向成功, 几乎一夜成名。take off突然开始成功; put off推迟; bring up抚养; pick up好转。
13.【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 消防队员是勇敢的人, 他们训练有素, 扑灭大火, 拯救危难中的人们。put out扑灭; give out分发, 发出; put off推迟; take off起飞。
【知识拓展】put短语荟萃
put out扑灭(火); 伸出; 生产; 出版
put up with忍受
put through使穿过; 接通(电话)
put down放下, 使(乘客等)下(车); 写下, 记下
put on穿上; 上演; 假装
put off推迟, 拖延
put aside把……放在一边
put forward提出; 推荐; 拨快
put away收拾; 存放
Put out the fire before going to bed.
睡觉之前熄掉炉火。
Please put those tools away after you finish the work.
完成工作之后请把那些工具收拾好。
Hearing a big sound, he put down his book and went out to see what was happening.
听到很大的声响, 他放下书出去看发生了什么事。
14.【解析】选C。考查副词辨析。句意: 但愿你读过这些建议之后, 对于哪种职业更适合你这个问题有明确的答案。hopefully满怀希望地; surprisingly出人意料地; unfortunately不幸地; frequently频繁地。
15.【解析】选D。考查名词辨析。句意: 洪水是自然灾害的一种, 它能对人类和其他生物造成很多伤害。damage损害; hit碰撞; image影像; strike打击。
Ⅱ.
来自世界各地的竞赛者齐聚英国参加一年一度的世界撒谎大赛, 每位参赛者都有五分钟时间来编造出最美妙的谎言。
1.【解析】选C。推理判断题。文章开头之所以说谎言是为下面介绍一年一度的世界性的最大的撒谎大赛作铺垫。
2.【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据文章第二段who was reportedly legendary for his lies. 可知。
3.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第二段Each participant is given up to five minutes to make up the best fib in the contest可排除A项; 根据文章第五段A study published this past July in the journal Evolution & HumanBehavior found that nearly all lies are detectable through visible facial muscle reactions in the person telling a lie. 可排除C项; 根据文章最后一段Last year’s winning entry came from Glen Boyland, who told a lie about competing in a snail-racing competition with Prince Charles. 可排除D项; 根据文章第二段中的which was founded in honor of 19th-century Bridge Inn landlord Will Ritson, who was reportedly legendary for his lies. 可知B项正确。
4.【解析】选A。写作意图题。本文主要介绍来自世界各地的竞赛者齐聚英国参加一年一度的世界撒谎大赛。
由于很多人“喜新厌旧”, 不断地更换手机, “废旧”手机越来越成为环保的障碍。作者呼吁, 当你的旧手机还能用时, 请不要更换新的, 为环境保护做一份贡献。
5.【解析】选D。词义猜测题。A项指“维修手机的地方”; B项指“长庄稼的地方”; C项指“回收电子设备的地方”; D项指“埋垃圾的地方”。画线词所在句表示: 知道“填埋场”并不一定是手机的最终归宿, 每年就可以大量减少不必要的浪费, 再结合上下文可知D项意思和画线词意思最接近。
6.【解析】选B。推理判断题。文章倒数第二段说, 当你准备换新手机时, 要先考虑是不是不得不买新的? 另外, 结合全文有关旧手机回收处理过程中产生的问题可推知, 作者是不赞成频繁换手机的。故B项正确。
7.【解析】选A。细节理解题。通读文章中有关手机回收的问题可知, 回收手机并不能改变手机中的有害物质。因此选A。
8.【解析】选C。细节理解题。从第二段第一句话中的“throw away” society可知, 现在是一个喜欢“乱扔”东西的社会, 因此C项正确。